Precambrian Research最新文献

{"title":"Sedimentary dynamics and sources at the “Tsunami conglomerate locality” (Fig Tree Group, 3.28–3.23 Ga, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa)","authors":"Quentin Aquila ,&nbsp;Marion Garçon ,&nbsp;Nicolas Olivier ,&nbsp;Christophe Thomazo ,&nbsp;Johanna Marin-Carbonne","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To illustrate the peculiarity of early Earth sedimentary dynamics and terrigenous pathways to the first oceans, a detailed sedimentological, petrographical, and geochemical study was conducted on a 40 m succession of the 3.28–3.23 Ga Mapepe Formation in the Barberton greenstone belt (South Africa). The “Tsunami conglomerate locality” includes terrigenous sediments (sandstones, conglomerates) and chemical sediments consisting of banded ferruginous chert (BFC) and banded iron formation (BIF). These deposits reflect a deep-water hemipelagic depositional system dominated by chemical sedimentation, punctuated by discrete terrigenous lobes and slope aprons. The 4.5-m-thick chert-plate conglomerate, known as the “Tsunami conglomerate”, represents high-density flow deposits, indicating gravity-driven instabilities near an abyssal plain. Although it lacks petrographically identifiable terrigenous material, these gravity-reworked BFC deposits exhibit a trace element signature indicating 10 % terrigenous inputs. Trace element signatures of terrigenous rocks indicate a source of 70 ± 10 % (ultra)mafic (75 % basalt, 25 % komatiite) and 30 ± 10 % felsic volcanic material, likely from erosion of the (ultra)mafic Onverwacht Group and related felsic volcanic deposits. These findings fill a gap in sample representativeness at the base of the Mapepe Formation in the Lower Manzimnyama Jaspillite Syncline and challenge previous interpretations of a gradual provenance shift from felsic to mafic sources. Instead, they suggest a predominantly mafic–ultramafic source for most of the Mapepe Formation, except for the lowermost Loenen Member, which consists almost entirely of felsic volcaniclastic material. Finally, most BFC, BIF, and terrigenous-rich units at the studied locality display highly variable Ce anomalies, suggesting that these rocks experienced syn- or post-depositional oxygenated conditions. In-situ analyses indicate that positive Ce anomalies are generally associated with goethite-rich cements, whereas negative anomalies are linked to sericite-(+/- rutile)-rich cements. The preferential distribution of Ce anomalies in secondary minerals demonstrates that these redox features were likely not acquired during sediment deposition, but rather during post-depositional history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D magnetotelluric and multigeophysical constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Ribeira Orogen (Southeastern Brazil)","authors":"Adevilson Oliveira Alves ,&nbsp;Antonio Lopes Padilha ,&nbsp;Sergio Luiz Fontes ,&nbsp;Nina Silva Rocha ,&nbsp;Artur Santos Benevides ,&nbsp;Andrea Cristina Lima dos Santos Matos ,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Moreno Chaves ,&nbsp;Maxwell Azuka Meju ,&nbsp;Emanuele Francesco La Terra","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ribeira Orogen in southeastern Brazil preserves the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian processes involved in the final assembly of West Gondwana. To investigate its largely uncharacterized deep lithospheric structure, this study integrates long-period magnetotelluric (MT) data with seismic tomography and geothermal heat-flow information. The MT dataset includes 61 stations along five NW–SE profiles spaced 15–25 km apart, with periods from 10 to 10,000 s. A 3D MT inversion produced a detailed resistivity model examined jointly with the complementary geophysical datasets. The results reveal three high-resistivity lithospheric blocks, bounded by major conductive zones, interpreted as fragments of Rodinia reassembled during the Brasiliano Orogeny. The western block represents the eastward extension of the São Francisco paleocontinent beneath the Ribeira Orogen. The central block, underlying the Paraíba do Sul Domain, corresponds to a preserved microcontinent (Paraíba do Sul–Embu), characterized by high P-wave velocities and low surface heat flow. The eastern block, beneath the Cabo Frio Terrane, is interpreted as a fragment of the Angola–Congo paleocontinent that remained attached to South America after the opening of the South Atlantic. Two main conductive anomalies correspond to distinct tectonic episodes. The older, beneath the Occidental Terrane, records eastward subduction of the São Francisco lithosphere during the Cryogenian–Ediacaran. The younger, located at the boundary with the Cabo Frio Terrane, is associated with Tonian–Cryogenian intra-oceanic magmatic arcs later accreted to the orogen during Cambrian collision. These findings provide robust geophysical evidence that southeastern Brazil evolved through subduction-related accretionary processes, rather than intracontinental deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108047"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rio Salitre Volcano-Sedimentary Succession, São Francisco Craton, Eastern Brazil: Record of a Siderian-Orosirian tectonic cycle","authors":"Carina G. Lopes-Mira ,&nbsp;Fernando F. Alkmim ,&nbsp;Cristiano C. Lana","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The basement of the São Francisco Craton in eastern Brazil records a complex history of growth and deformation that extends from the Paleoarchean up to the Orosirian Period. It hosts a segment of the Minas-Bahia Orogen, likely developed during the Orosirian assembly of the Central African block, a continental mass that would encompass the São Francisco-Congo, Borborema, Trans-Saharian, Rio de la Plata, and Kalahari shield provinces of South America and Africa. Aiming to unravel the tectonic scenarios of the Minas-Bahia Orogen generation, we conducted a stratigraphic, structural, geochemical, and geochronological study of the Rio Salitre belt of the Gavião microcontinent, the largest terrane of the Minas-Bahia Orogen exposed in the northern São Francisco craton. The Rio Salitre succession comprises a basal sedimentary unit (A), a middle volcano-sedimentary package (B), and an upper clastic sedimentary assemblage (C). Intruded by small granitic bodies and diabase dikes of unknown age, and unconformably covered by Meso- to Neoproterozoic strata, the Rio Salitre succession experienced two phases of deformation, a WNW-ESE contraction, followed by a left-lateral transtensional shearing that led to the development of a large-scale synformal keel, bound on all sides by basement uplifts. U-Pb zircon dating reveals Neoarchean (2666 ± 13 Ma) and Orosirian (1936 ± 21 Ma) maximum depositional ages, respectively, for Units A and C, and a Rhyacian depositional age of c. 2200 Ma for Unit B calc-alkaline to shoshonitic metatuffs. Our results point to a three-stage tectonic evolution of the Gavião microcontinent. Unit A represents the fill of an interior depocenter likely connected to a continental margin after 2666 Ma, whereas Unit B records its conversion into an extensional back-arc basin in the time interval of 2200 and 2100 Ma. Eventually, the Rio Salitre Basin evolved into a <em>retro</em>-foreland depocenter and received the clastic wedge of Unit C, accumulated after the collision of the various components of the Minas Bahia orogen. Our findings support a correlation between the Rio Salitre succession and classic Paleoproterozoic units of the São Francisco, Congo, and Kalahari cratons, thus favoring the existence of the Orosirian Central African paleocontinent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precambrian ribbon structures of the Grand Canyon, Arizona","authors":"J.W. Hagadorn ,&nbsp;C.M. Dehler","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macroscopic ribbon-shaped structures occur in the late Tonian Carbon Canyon Member, Galeros Formation, Chuar Group in the Grand Canyon, Arizona. Ribbons are three-dimensional dolomite clasts, are ornamented by longitudinal striations on both sides, and are ∼1 cm wide, ∼1 mm thick, and range from 2 to ≥17 cm long. Ribbons were transported and are preserved in abundance on bedding planes, often stacked atop one another. Ribbons have jagged to shredded terminations and exhibit evidence of flexure, twisting and deformation—indicating that they were pliable and torn prior to deposition. Although ribbons are morphologically similar to casts of blade-like macroalgal stipes and thalli, they lack features common to fossilized benthic algae, such as carbonaceous films. Thus, we tentatively interpret ribbons as sedimentary structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108058"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Cambrian occurrence of multicellular algae Wengania: Survivors of the terminal Ediacaran Kotlinian Crisis","authors":"Huijuan You ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Shang ,&nbsp;Pengju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diversity of macroscopic life represented by Ediacara-type organisms remarkably declined at the terminal Ediacaran, previously recognized as the “Kotlinian Crisis”. Genus <em>Wengania</em>, a typical multicellular microalga from the Ediacaran Period, was previously thought to occur exclusively prior to the Kotlinian Crisis. In this study, well-preserved microfossils of <em>Wengania</em> are recovered from the early Cambrian Zhujiaqing Formation at the Xiaotan section in the Yunnan Province of South China, including <em>Wengania exquisita</em> and <em>Wengania globosa</em>. Acanthomorphic acritarch <em>Comasphaeridium velvetum</em>, four genera (eight species) of cyanobacteria, sponge spicules and small shelly fossils (SSFs) are also identified in the study, indicating an early Cambrian age for the Xiaotan assemblage. The occurrence of multicellular algae <em>Wengania</em> in the earliest Cambrian suggests that it survived the Kotlinian Crisis and extended across the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary. To better understand the evolutionary pattern of multicellular microalgae during the transitional interval, we compiled the biodiversity data from Ediacaran to early Cambrian strata in South China, revealing a significant decrease in diversity during the terminal Ediacaran. The Xiaotan assemblage containing diverse primary producers and consumers indicates a recovery of the marine ecosystem following the end of Kotlinian Crisis. It expands the spatial and temporal distribution of typical Ediacaran multicellular algae and provides fossil evidence for the earliest stage of the Cambrian Explosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and C-isotopic composition affirm biogenicity of Mesoarchean sphaeromorph organic-walled microfossils from the ∼3.0 Ga Farrel Quartzite, Western Australia","authors":"Kenichiro Sugitani ,&nbsp;Kohei Sasaki ,&nbsp;Akizumi Ishida ,&nbsp;Motoko Igisu ,&nbsp;Kaho Ishibashi ,&nbsp;Mariko Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Minako Hashiguchi ,&nbsp;Heda Agić ,&nbsp;Stanley M. Awramik","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonaceous cherts of the ca. 3.0 Ga Farrel Quartzite in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia host abundant morphologically diverse microfossils including filaments, spheroids, and lenses of unknown biological affinities, as well as films. The Farrel Quartzite microfossils are organically walled, include forms similar to younger (Proterozoic) leiosphaerids, and some can be extracted by palynological acid maceration. Thus, they represent the oldest records of organic-walled microfossils (OWMs) and non-pollen palynomorphs. The Farrel Quartzite OWMs are composed largely of lenses, with subordinate of flexible-walled large spheroids (FWLSs) and films, among which the FWLSs and films have been poorly described and examined. In this study, we report morphology, texture, and chemical features including Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and carbon isotopic composition of the FWLSs, all of which point to their biogenicity. Their dispersed occurrence in petrographic thin sections and the lack of morphologies corresponding to reproduction stages such as budding and division imply that they represent resting stage, which remains to be explored further. The major axis of the extracted FWLSs (n = 185) ranges from 67 µm to 247 µm with the mean value of 180 µm, which are correlative to the Proterozoic and the 3.2 Ga South African OWMs that can be extractable by acid maceration. This study provides additional evidence of early evolution of microorganisms that could have produced flexible and acid-resistant sac-like large vesicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ Rb–Sr geochronology records multiple fluid pulses in Neoproterozoic sequences from the Lubambe-Mingomba Cu deposits in the Zambian Copperbelt","authors":"Victor Ikechukwu Vincent ,&nbsp;Koen Torremans ,&nbsp;Darwinaji Subarkah ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Gilbert ,&nbsp;Juraj Farkaš ,&nbsp;Alan S. Collins ,&nbsp;Jon Stacey ,&nbsp;Aileen L. Doran ,&nbsp;Simon Jones ,&nbsp;Murray W. Hitzman","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beta-decay chronometers such as Rb–Sr are useful in constraining geological histories in Proterozoic basins. However, solution-based beta-decay Rb–Sr dating has limited applicability to resolve complex alteration history in Proterozoic basins affected by multiple thermal and fluid-flow events. This study applies tandem laser ablation ICP-MS/MS Rb–Sr dating to K-rich minerals to constrain depositional and alteration history of Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the Central African Copperbelt. Multiple generations of K-feldspar, muscovite, biotite-phlogopite and illite from the Lubambe-Mingomba Cu deposit yield both detrital (∼1700–920 Ma) and post-depositional ages (767–466 Ma) tied to successive alteration episodes. Altered K-feldspars show trace element redistribution and Rb–Sr resetting relative to detrital grains with broad depletion in Ba, Pb and Na and enrichment in Fe, Ti, Co and REEs. Cathodoluminescence emission broadly correlates with alteration intensity and style, suggesting its potential use as a proxy for feldspar alteration. The oldest alteration age (767 ± 95 Ma) records early diagenetic processes involving seawater-derived fluids, indicated by initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios similar to values for Tonian seawater and overlaps published Re–Os ages (820–770 Ma) for early Cu mineralization. Late Tonian ages (∼713 Ma) from altered detrital K-feldspars likely mark rift-driven thermal and fluid flow processes coeval with the break-up of Rodinia supercontinent. Ediacaran ages (636–600 Ma) likely record Congo–Kalahari convergence and brine migration associated with halokinesis. Early Cambrian (∼530 Ma) ages and late Cambrian-Ordovician ages (480–459 Ma) record peak Lufilian to post-Lufilian fluid flow. Phlogopite and fine-grained illite yield comparable Cambro-Ordovician ages (528–466 Ma), indicating widespread resetting during the Pan-African event in the Central African Copperbelt. These results show that in situ analysis coupled with detailed petrography can reveal progressive Rb–Sr re-equilibration in K-bearing minerals tied to tectono-hydrothermal episodes. This approach is useful for refining the chronostratigraphic framework for fluid flow in altered Proterozoic basins worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond taxonomy: Raman spectroscopy reveals organic complexity in Precambrian-Cambrian microfossils from South China","authors":"Zhiji Ou ,&nbsp;Fanwei Meng ,&nbsp;Sebastian Willman ,&nbsp;Jiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Raman spectroscopy offers powerful insights into the structural characteristics of carbonaceous matter and holds promise for distinguishing phylogenetically distinct fossil groups based on differences in their organic precursors, which is essential for understanding the early evolution of eukaryotes and animals. This study applies Raman spectroscopy to organic microfossils preserved in cherts from the Precambrian–Phanerozoic boundary (∼538 Ma) in the Yangtiao section, Guizhou Province, South China. Although peak metamorphic temperatures estimated from three Raman geothermometers converge around 220 °C, significant spectral variation among fossil groups likely reflect differences in organic composition. The commonly used R1 ratio does not correlate monotonically with thermal maturity in low- to medium-grade carbonaceous matter and should not be used in isolation; instead, its relationship with other Raman parameters provides a more robust framework for assessing metamorphic maturity. Principal component analysis of Raman spectra and spectral parameters reveals that acritarchs, multicellular algae, prokaryotes, and sponge tissues form a coherent cluster, while over half of the sponge spicule spectra fall outside this group. These findings highlight the influence of organic precursors on Raman signals and demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a rapid tool for identifying possible Precambrian animal remains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into gold mineralization in the Arkawit area, NE Sudan: A structural, geochemical, and isotopic approach","authors":"Talha Mohamed Yousif ,&nbsp;Olawale Kayode Aromolaran ,&nbsp;Khalid Mustafa Kheiralla","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gold mineralization within the Haya Terrane (HT) of the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) in NE Sudan remains genetically ambiguous due to unresolved relationships between deformation, fluid sources, and metal transport that occurred during Pan-African tectonism. Specifically, the relative contributions of structurally focused metamorphic fluids in contrast to potential magmatic inputs in gold formation have not been sufficiently constrained. This study employs an integrated approach that encompasses structural analysis, petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, in-situ LA-ICP-MS, and stable oxygen–hydrogen isotope data to establish a robust genetic model for the Arkawit gold deposit. Field and structural investigations have identified four distinct deformation phases (D1–D4). The NE–SW-trending dextral shear zones that developed during the D3 phase serve as primary conduits for hydrothermal fluid flow and the emplacement of auriferous quartz veins. Petrographic observations indicate extensive hydrothermal alteration zones, initially dominated by epidotization, followed by the formation of chlorite–sericite assemblages. Geochemical analyses reveal a moderate positive correlation between Au and Pb, alongside a negative correlation with Cu, thereby suggesting fluid evolution and metal decoupling throughout the mineralization process. Three generations of pyrite (Py1–Py3) have been distinguished based on their morphology, paragenesis, and trace element chemistry. Py1 is interpreted as magmatic, characterized by elevated levels of Ni and Co and reduced levels of Au and As. In contrast, Py2 is identified as hydrothermal in origin, exhibiting enrichment in As, Ag, and Pb. Stable isotope data indicate that the ore-forming fluids were predominantly metamorphic in nature. The δ¹⁸O values of quartz range from + 8.26‰ to + 11.73‰, with an average of + 9.68‰ and the calculated average δ¹⁸O water value is + 3‰, while the δD values of fluid inclusion water average − 44‰. These isotope values fall within the compositional range typical of metamorphic fluids in orogenic gold systems. However, limited overlap with magmatic fields suggests a minor contribution from adjacent intrusions. This study provides novel constraints on the structural and fluid controls governing gold mineralization in the HT. It confirms that structurally focused metamorphic-hydrothermal fluids were the predominant agents of ore formation. The findings present practical criteria for exploration within the ANS, emphasizing NE–SW shear zones, arsenian pyrite, and associated alteration halos as critical targets for orogenic gold exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality matters: A comparison of geochemical data for Precambrian mafic volcanic rocks before and after data cleaning","authors":"Chun-Tao Liu,&nbsp;J. ZhangZhou","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2026.108063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The secular evolution of igneous rock compositions offers a global perspective on the evolution of the habitable Earth. Widely recognized geochemical databases, including EarthChem and GEOROC, serve as critical repositories for globally curated published data, significantly advancing our understanding of Earth’s global-scale evolution, such as the formation and evolution of plate tectonics, the continental crust, and surface environments. However, unintended errors in igneous data within the widely used databases undermines the applicability and credibility of statistical analyses and machine learning methods based on those data. These errors have arisen due to a lack of data publication principles to which researchers can adhere. Here, we address this issue by meticulously verifying age and geochemical data for Precambrian mafic volcanics against their original publications (∼1500), thereby cleaning the dataset to eliminate errors and enhance accuracy. Our cleaned dataset (<em>n</em> = 8162) reveals a gradual decrease in mantle partial melting during ∼2.8–2.5 Ga, contrasting with the more abrupt change previously interpreted from the raw dataset. This study highlights the critical importance of high-quality data, particularly age information, when re-evaluating previous time-series analyses of geochemical datasets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"437 ","pages":"Article 108063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}