B. Metzke, Christopher A. Taylor, Caroline P. Caton
Abstract – The recent elevation of Lepomis peltastes (Northern Sunfish) as a separate species from L. megalotis (Longear Sunfish) has resulted in an incomplete understanding of the species' distribution in Illinois, as most occurrence records cannot differentiate the 2 species. We evaluated Northern Sunfish and Longear Sunfish specimens to identify morphological characteristics that could differentiate the 2 species; relative body depth, relative opercular flap length, and pectoral fin ray count were most useful. We reevaluated 867 Longear Sunfish specimens from the Illinois Natural History Survey Fish Collection and identified 103 as Northern Sunfish. Based on distribution of these specimens, it is probable that Northern Sunfish occur in 14 basins in the eastern half of Illinois, a range that extends farther south than was previously estimated.
{"title":"Northern Sunfish (Lepomis peltastes) Distribution in Illinois","authors":"B. Metzke, Christopher A. Taylor, Caroline P. Caton","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract – The recent elevation of Lepomis peltastes (Northern Sunfish) as a separate species from L. megalotis (Longear Sunfish) has resulted in an incomplete understanding of the species' distribution in Illinois, as most occurrence records cannot differentiate the 2 species. We evaluated Northern Sunfish and Longear Sunfish specimens to identify morphological characteristics that could differentiate the 2 species; relative body depth, relative opercular flap length, and pectoral fin ray count were most useful. We reevaluated 867 Longear Sunfish specimens from the Illinois Natural History Survey Fish Collection and identified 103 as Northern Sunfish. Based on distribution of these specimens, it is probable that Northern Sunfish occur in 14 basins in the eastern half of Illinois, a range that extends farther south than was previously estimated.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"99 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42485597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua R. Castle, David R. Brown, Kelly Watson, Kate G. Slankard, Taylor Allen
Abstract – Kentucky's breeding Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle) population began recovering in 1986, with a single nest, and has since expanded from the state's western portion to the central and eastern regions. We used aerial survey data to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of Bald Eagle nests in Kentucky, to examine changes in nest-site selection relative to natural and anthropogenic features, and to create a nesting-habitat suitability model. Our results highlight increased nesting near developed areas in recent years. Although nests in these areas productively contribute to populations, we note some considerations of increased risks associated with nesting in developed areas. We also provide predictions of available nesting areas and data to direct the future monitoring and management of Bald Eagles in Kentucky.
{"title":"Changes in Bald Eagle Nesting Distribution and Nest-Site Selection in Kentucky during 1986–2019","authors":"Joshua R. Castle, David R. Brown, Kelly Watson, Kate G. Slankard, Taylor Allen","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract – Kentucky's breeding Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle) population began recovering in 1986, with a single nest, and has since expanded from the state's western portion to the central and eastern regions. We used aerial survey data to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of Bald Eagle nests in Kentucky, to examine changes in nest-site selection relative to natural and anthropogenic features, and to create a nesting-habitat suitability model. Our results highlight increased nesting near developed areas in recent years. Although nests in these areas productively contribute to populations, we note some considerations of increased risks associated with nesting in developed areas. We also provide predictions of available nesting areas and data to direct the future monitoring and management of Bald Eagles in Kentucky.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"59 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - Here we report on the long-term monitoring of Carcinus maenas (European Green Crab) populations on an intertidal region of a cobble beach in Maine conducted from 2011 to 2021. The number of Green Crabs collected fluctuated between 129 and 474 individuals per sample event. We collected crabs twice each year, with a total number collected of 389 to 798 per year. In addition, we collected Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian Shore Crab) in 2 sample years (2019 and 2021), accounting for only 7 individuals. No compelling relationships between Green Crab densities and sea-water temperature, average carapace width, or year of the collection were revealed.
{"title":"Intertidal Green Crab Survey Over a Ten-Year Period on a Maine Cobble Beach","authors":"B. Stephen, Meg Begley–Irish","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Here we report on the long-term monitoring of Carcinus maenas (European Green Crab) populations on an intertidal region of a cobble beach in Maine conducted from 2011 to 2021. The number of Green Crabs collected fluctuated between 129 and 474 individuals per sample event. We collected crabs twice each year, with a total number collected of 389 to 798 per year. In addition, we collected Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian Shore Crab) in 2 sample years (2019 and 2021), accounting for only 7 individuals. No compelling relationships between Green Crab densities and sea-water temperature, average carapace width, or year of the collection were revealed.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"2 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41298419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karen E. Powers, Emily D. Thorne, Logan R. Platt, Kayla M. Nelson Anderson, Logan M. Van Meter, Chris M. Wozniak, R. Reynolds, W. Ford
Abstract - Neotoma magister (Allegheny Woodrat) is a nocturnal, emergent rock-habitat specialist (i.e., inhabits rocky outcrops, boulderfields, and caves). Woodrat populations have declined range-wide due to habitat fragmentation, endoparasites, and interspecific competition. We estimated the diel activity curves of Allegheny Woodrats and assessed the effects of habitat type (exposed rock habitat/cave-exterior vs. cave-interior) and season (spring, summer, and fall) on curve shape. We also investigated the effect of 2 granivorous competitors' presence and activity curves (Peromyscus spp. and Tamias striatus [Eastern Chipmunk]) on woodrat activity. Additionally, we investigated whether the presence or absence of Procyon lotor (Raccoon), a primary carrier of Baylisascaris procyonis (Raccoon Roundworm), significantly affects the presence or absence of Allegheny Woodrats. We used remote-detecting cameras to document the diel cycles of Allegheny Woodrats and 2 competitors across 83 sites in western Virginia and 2 sites in West Virginia from 2017 to 2022. For 13,002 recorded events, we detected woodrats at 36 of 85 sites (3778 camera events). We observed a higher proportion of daytime activity by woodrats within cave interiors than cave exteriors. Allegheny Woodrat activity curves differed among seasons, with the greatest differences observed between summer and fall and with ∼80% activity overlap. These activity curves differed significantly when co-occurring with versus not co-occurring with a competitor. Additionally, Allegheny Woodrats showed an inverse activity rate with Peromyscus spp. Thus, our results suggest that competition avoidance via temporal partitioning occurs between these species. Allegheny Woodrats and Raccoons occurred together more often than expected suggesting the presence of woodrats is currently not reduced by the presence of Raccoons. Our remote-detecting camera data help elucidate relationships of Allegheny Woodrats with presumptive competitors, and open avenues for further investigation in Virginia.
{"title":"Activity Patterns of Allegheny Woodrats (Neotoma magister) and Two Potential Competitors in Virginia","authors":"Karen E. Powers, Emily D. Thorne, Logan R. Platt, Kayla M. Nelson Anderson, Logan M. Van Meter, Chris M. Wozniak, R. Reynolds, W. Ford","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Neotoma magister (Allegheny Woodrat) is a nocturnal, emergent rock-habitat specialist (i.e., inhabits rocky outcrops, boulderfields, and caves). Woodrat populations have declined range-wide due to habitat fragmentation, endoparasites, and interspecific competition. We estimated the diel activity curves of Allegheny Woodrats and assessed the effects of habitat type (exposed rock habitat/cave-exterior vs. cave-interior) and season (spring, summer, and fall) on curve shape. We also investigated the effect of 2 granivorous competitors' presence and activity curves (Peromyscus spp. and Tamias striatus [Eastern Chipmunk]) on woodrat activity. Additionally, we investigated whether the presence or absence of Procyon lotor (Raccoon), a primary carrier of Baylisascaris procyonis (Raccoon Roundworm), significantly affects the presence or absence of Allegheny Woodrats. We used remote-detecting cameras to document the diel cycles of Allegheny Woodrats and 2 competitors across 83 sites in western Virginia and 2 sites in West Virginia from 2017 to 2022. For 13,002 recorded events, we detected woodrats at 36 of 85 sites (3778 camera events). We observed a higher proportion of daytime activity by woodrats within cave interiors than cave exteriors. Allegheny Woodrat activity curves differed among seasons, with the greatest differences observed between summer and fall and with ∼80% activity overlap. These activity curves differed significantly when co-occurring with versus not co-occurring with a competitor. Additionally, Allegheny Woodrats showed an inverse activity rate with Peromyscus spp. Thus, our results suggest that competition avoidance via temporal partitioning occurs between these species. Allegheny Woodrats and Raccoons occurred together more often than expected suggesting the presence of woodrats is currently not reduced by the presence of Raccoons. Our remote-detecting camera data help elucidate relationships of Allegheny Woodrats with presumptive competitors, and open avenues for further investigation in Virginia.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"41 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42479975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Harris, Andrya L Whitten, Bradley J. Smith, C. Hayer
Abstract - Standardized sampling of fishes is either probabilistic (i.e., random) or non-probabilistic (i.e., fixed), with each having advantages and disadvantages. Our study objective was to evaluate whether a fixed site-survey design for early detection monitoring of non-native fishes could be improved by modifying fixed site selection and adding random sampling. Results were largely similar but varied by evaluation metric; accumulation curves of species suggested that performance of the fixed survey design was 10% higher than the modified survey and also accumulated species significantly faster from 1 to 42 units of effort. Results indicated the fixed site survey previously took advantage of the patchiness in fish distribution, leaving little potential efficiency to gain using the modified survey design. We would like to emphasize that the modified survey design was effective, just not as effective as the fixed site survey, and could likely optimize early detection monitoring (EDM) for programs with less available fish data to draw observations from or if only random sampling was used for monitoring.
{"title":"Fixed Site Sampling Versus Modified Fixed Site Sampling with a Random Sampling Component for Optimizing Early Detection Monitoring of Non-Native Fishes","authors":"B. Harris, Andrya L Whitten, Bradley J. Smith, C. Hayer","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Standardized sampling of fishes is either probabilistic (i.e., random) or non-probabilistic (i.e., fixed), with each having advantages and disadvantages. Our study objective was to evaluate whether a fixed site-survey design for early detection monitoring of non-native fishes could be improved by modifying fixed site selection and adding random sampling. Results were largely similar but varied by evaluation metric; accumulation curves of species suggested that performance of the fixed survey design was 10% higher than the modified survey and also accumulated species significantly faster from 1 to 42 units of effort. Results indicated the fixed site survey previously took advantage of the patchiness in fish distribution, leaving little potential efficiency to gain using the modified survey design. We would like to emphasize that the modified survey design was effective, just not as effective as the fixed site survey, and could likely optimize early detection monitoring (EDM) for programs with less available fish data to draw observations from or if only random sampling was used for monitoring.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"9 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47711685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Stasse, Kelsey Meyer, Emily Williams, Gabriela Bradt, B. Brown
Abstract - On 2 September and 7 October 2022, we captured post-copulatory pairs of Callinectes sapidus (Blue Crab) in Green Crab traps in Great Bay Estuary, NH. On the first occasion, the 2 crabs included a mature post-ecdysis (12–24 hour) female and a mature male, and the female's shed exoskeleton also remained in the trap. Both seminal receptacles had pink sperm plugs and were turgid with spermatophores, indicative of recent successful insemination. Details of the second capture mirrored the first with the exception that the exuvia was not in the trap. This is the first scientific reporting of Blue Crabs mating in Great Bay Estuary, NH, documenting an ongoing range expansion of a species with the potential to have major ecological and economic impacts.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:2022年9月2日和10月7日，我们在美国新罕布什尔州大湾河口(Great Bay Estuary)的绿蟹笼中捕获了交配后成对的蓝蟹(Callinectes sapidus)。第一次捕获的2只蟹包括一只蜕皮后(12-24小时)成熟的雌蟹和一只成熟的雄蟹，雌蟹的蜕皮外骨骼也保留在陷阱中。两个精囊都有粉红色的精子塞，精子囊肿胀，表明最近受精成功。第二次捕获的细节反映了第一次捕获的细节，除了蜕皮不在陷阱中。这是关于蓝蟹在新罕布什尔州大海湾河口交配的第一份科学报告，记录了一个物种的持续范围扩张，有可能产生重大的生态和经济影响。
{"title":"First Documentation of Mating Blue Crabs, Callinectes sapidus, in Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire","authors":"A. Stasse, Kelsey Meyer, Emily Williams, Gabriela Bradt, B. Brown","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - On 2 September and 7 October 2022, we captured post-copulatory pairs of Callinectes sapidus (Blue Crab) in Green Crab traps in Great Bay Estuary, NH. On the first occasion, the 2 crabs included a mature post-ecdysis (12–24 hour) female and a mature male, and the female's shed exoskeleton also remained in the trap. Both seminal receptacles had pink sperm plugs and were turgid with spermatophores, indicative of recent successful insemination. Details of the second capture mirrored the first with the exception that the exuvia was not in the trap. This is the first scientific reporting of Blue Crabs mating in Great Bay Estuary, NH, documenting an ongoing range expansion of a species with the potential to have major ecological and economic impacts.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"N8 - N12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41922036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Herbert, James M. O'Neill, D. E. Robinson, Joel Eckerson, Steven E. Reinert
Abstract - Ammospiza caudacuta (Saltmarsh Sparrow) is a salt marsh-nesting obligate species of greatest conservation concern due to decreasing populations and probable future threats, such as climate change-induced sea-level rise. Low reproductive success is a limiting factor to population growth for the species due to flooding, habitat loss, and predation. To further understand the effects of predation on nesting Saltmarsh Sparrows, we deployed camera traps at monitored nests in Jacob's Point salt marsh, Warren, RI, during the 2022 breeding period. In 2 instances of observed nest failure, camera traps captured the apparent depredation of eggs by Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer). We believe these to be the first documented cases of Saltmarsh Sparrow nest predation by White-tailed Deer. This finding has implications for the conservation of Saltmarsh Sparrows and for future management strategies aimed at increasing breeding success.
{"title":"First Record of White-Tailed Deer Depredating Saltmarsh Sparrow Nests","authors":"J. Herbert, James M. O'Neill, D. E. Robinson, Joel Eckerson, Steven E. Reinert","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0105","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Ammospiza caudacuta (Saltmarsh Sparrow) is a salt marsh-nesting obligate species of greatest conservation concern due to decreasing populations and probable future threats, such as climate change-induced sea-level rise. Low reproductive success is a limiting factor to population growth for the species due to flooding, habitat loss, and predation. To further understand the effects of predation on nesting Saltmarsh Sparrows, we deployed camera traps at monitored nests in Jacob's Point salt marsh, Warren, RI, during the 2022 breeding period. In 2 instances of observed nest failure, camera traps captured the apparent depredation of eggs by Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer). We believe these to be the first documented cases of Saltmarsh Sparrow nest predation by White-tailed Deer. This finding has implications for the conservation of Saltmarsh Sparrows and for future management strategies aimed at increasing breeding success.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"N1 - N7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45307351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Searrah R. Bierker, Frances Brubaker, Kendra E. Scheideman, Mars Ciamacco, Meghan E. Harris, R. Utz
Abstract - Invasive plants often drastically alter food webs. Small-mammal assemblages may be greatly impacted by invasive plants, which often provide cover from predators. In addition, a less-studied potential impact is the possibility that small mammals use invasive plants as a food resource. We quantified small mammal giving-up densities (GUDs) by offering fruits of 5 common invasive shrubs and 1 native shrub in adjacent meadow and forest habitats in Pennsylvania. The study ran for two 48-hour sessions in November in 2 consecutive years with different combinations of shrub fruits available to small mammals within buckets that also contained Panicum miliaceum (Proso Millet), and sand. While some degree of differences in foraging activity could be accredited to annual variation, significant differences in GUDs among fruit species and between habitats were detected. The fruits of the invasive shrubs Berberis thunbergia (Japanese Barberry), Ligustrum vulgare (Eurasian Privet), and Rhodotypos scandens (Jetbead) did not appear to be significantly foraged on by small mammals in either habitat. However, the woody liana Celastrus orbiculatus (Oriental Bittersweet) was readily consumed in both the forest and meadow. Fruits of the invasive shrub Eleagnus umbellata (Autumn Olive) was favored but only in meadow habitat, while fruits of the native shrub Lindera benzoin (Spicebush) were moderately foraged in the forest. Through this experiment, we were able to conclude that most woody plants included in this study offer fruits with limited perceived benefit. However, Oriental Bittersweet and Autumn Olive may represent important exceptions that could be influencing small-mammal foraging patterns in northeastern forest and meadow ecosystems.
{"title":"Small Mammals Perceive Most Fruits of Invasive Plants as Low-Quality Forage in a Pennsylvanian Forest and Meadow","authors":"Searrah R. Bierker, Frances Brubaker, Kendra E. Scheideman, Mars Ciamacco, Meghan E. Harris, R. Utz","doi":"10.1656/045.030.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.030.0103","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Invasive plants often drastically alter food webs. Small-mammal assemblages may be greatly impacted by invasive plants, which often provide cover from predators. In addition, a less-studied potential impact is the possibility that small mammals use invasive plants as a food resource. We quantified small mammal giving-up densities (GUDs) by offering fruits of 5 common invasive shrubs and 1 native shrub in adjacent meadow and forest habitats in Pennsylvania. The study ran for two 48-hour sessions in November in 2 consecutive years with different combinations of shrub fruits available to small mammals within buckets that also contained Panicum miliaceum (Proso Millet), and sand. While some degree of differences in foraging activity could be accredited to annual variation, significant differences in GUDs among fruit species and between habitats were detected. The fruits of the invasive shrubs Berberis thunbergia (Japanese Barberry), Ligustrum vulgare (Eurasian Privet), and Rhodotypos scandens (Jetbead) did not appear to be significantly foraged on by small mammals in either habitat. However, the woody liana Celastrus orbiculatus (Oriental Bittersweet) was readily consumed in both the forest and meadow. Fruits of the invasive shrub Eleagnus umbellata (Autumn Olive) was favored but only in meadow habitat, while fruits of the native shrub Lindera benzoin (Spicebush) were moderately foraged in the forest. Through this experiment, we were able to conclude that most woody plants included in this study offer fruits with limited perceived benefit. However, Oriental Bittersweet and Autumn Olive may represent important exceptions that could be influencing small-mammal foraging patterns in northeastern forest and meadow ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"30 1","pages":"24 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48004029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wild Urban Plants of the Northeast: A Field Guide. Peter Del Tredici. 2010. Cornell University Press, Ithica, NY. 392 pp. $29.95, softcover. ISBN 9780801474583. Characterized by an abundance of pavement, reflected heat, polluted air, and contaminated soil, our cities and towns may seem harsh and unwelcoming to vegetation. However, there are a number of plants that manage to grow spontaneously in sidewalk cracks and roadside meridians, flourish along chainlink fences and railroad tracks, line the banks of streams and rivers, and emerge in the midst of landscape plantings and trampled lawns. On their own and free of charge, these plants provide ecological services including temperature reduction, oxygen production, carbon storage, food and habitat for wildlife, pollution mitigation, and erosion control on slopes. Around the world, wild plants help to make urban environments more habitable for people. Peter Del Tredici’s lushly illustrated field guide to wild urban plants of the northeastern United States is the first of its kind. While it covers the area bounded by Montreal, Boston, Washington, DC, and Detroit, it is broadly applicable to temperate urban environments across North America. The book covers 222 species that flourish without human assistance or approval. Rather than vilifying such plants as weeds, Del Tredici stresses that it is important to notice, recognize, and appreciate their contribution to the quality of urban life. Indeed their very toughness in the face of heat islands, elevated levels of carbon dioxide, and ubiquitous contamination is indicative of the important role they have to play in helping humans adapt to the challenges presented by urbanization, globalization, and climate change. The species accounts—158 main entries plus 64 secondary species—feature descriptive information including scientific name and taxonomic authority, common names, botanical family, life form, place of origin, and identification features. Del Tredici focuses especially on their habitat preferences, environmental functions, and cultural significance. Each entry is accompanied by original full-color photographs by the author which show the plants’ characteristics and growth forms in their typical habitats. Wild Urban Plants of the Northeast will help readers learn to see these plants—the natural vegetation of the urban environment—with fresh appreciation and understanding. Weeds of the Northeast. Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal, and Joseph M. Ditomaso. 1997. Cornell University Press, Ithica, NY. 408 pp. $29.95, softcover. ISBN 9780801483349. Here, at last, is a lavishly illustrated manual for ready identification of 299 common and economically important weeds in the region south to Virginia, north to Maine and southern Canada, and west to Wisconsin. Based on vegetative rather than floral characteristics, this practical guide gives anyone who works with plants the ability to identify weeds before they flower. A dichotomous key to all the species desc
东北野生城市植物：野外指南。彼得·德尔·特雷迪奇。2010年，康奈尔大学出版社，纽约州伊萨卡。392页，29.95美元，软封面。亿英镑9780801474583。我们的城镇有着丰富的路面、反射的热量、被污染的空气和被污染的土壤，它们可能看起来很粗糙，不受植被的欢迎。然而，有许多植物能够在人行道裂缝和路边经络中自发生长，沿着铁丝网围栏和铁轨生长，排列在溪流和河岸上，并出现在景观植物和被践踏的草坪中。这些植物免费提供生态服务，包括降温、产氧、碳储存、野生动物的食物和栖息地、减轻污染和控制斜坡侵蚀。在世界各地，野生植物有助于使城市环境更适合人们居住。彼得·德尔·特雷迪奇（Peter Del Tredici）的美国东北部野生城市植物野外指南插图丰富，是同类指南中的第一本。虽然它涵盖了以蒙特利尔、波士顿、华盛顿特区和底特律为界的地区，但它广泛适用于北美的温带城市环境。这本书涵盖了222种在没有人类帮助或批准的情况下蓬勃发展的物种。Del Tredici强调，与其把这些植物丑化为杂草，不如注意、认可和欣赏它们对城市生活质量的贡献。事实上，它们在面对热岛、二氧化碳水平升高和无处不在的污染时表现出的韧性表明，它们在帮助人类适应城市化、全球化和气候变化带来的挑战方面必须发挥重要作用。该物种包括158个主要条目和64个次要物种，具有描述性信息，包括科学名称和分类权威、通用名称、植物科、生命形式、起源地和识别特征。Del Tredici特别关注它们的栖息地偏好、环境功能和文化意义。每一个条目都附有作者的全彩原始照片，展示了植物在其典型栖息地的特征和生长形式。《东北的野生城市植物》将帮助读者以全新的欣赏和理解来了解这些植物——城市环境中的自然植被。东北的杂草。Richard H.Uva、Joseph C.Neal和Joseph M.Ditomaso。1997年，康奈尔大学出版社，纽约州伊萨卡。408页，29.95美元，软封面。亿英镑9780801483349。最后，这里有一本插图丰富的手册，用于识别弗吉尼亚州以南、缅因州和加拿大南部以北以及威斯康星州以西地区299种常见且具有重要经济意义的杂草。本实用指南基于植物而非花卉特征，使任何从事植物研究的人都能在杂草开花前识别杂草。书中描述的所有物种的二分键旨在将选择范围缩小到少数可能的物种。然后可以通过阅读物种描述并将标本与图纸和照片进行比较来确认身份。折叠草识别表以易于使用的表格键提供杂草的诊断信息。具有异常营养特征的标本，如刺、方形茎、轮生叶或乳白色树液，可以使用快捷识别表快速识别。这本书是东北部第一本全面的杂草识别手册，将促进任何园艺或农艺种植系统中适当的杂草管理策略，也将为家庭园丁和景观管理人员以及害虫管理专家和过敏专科医生提供服务。
{"title":"Noteworthy Books Received by the Northeastern Naturalist, Issue 20/3, 2012","authors":"P. Tredici","doi":"10.1656/045.020.0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.020.0313","url":null,"abstract":"Wild Urban Plants of the Northeast: A Field Guide. Peter Del Tredici. 2010. Cornell University Press, Ithica, NY. 392 pp. $29.95, softcover. ISBN 9780801474583. Characterized by an abundance of pavement, reflected heat, polluted air, and contaminated soil, our cities and towns may seem harsh and unwelcoming to vegetation. However, there are a number of plants that manage to grow spontaneously in sidewalk cracks and roadside meridians, flourish along chainlink fences and railroad tracks, line the banks of streams and rivers, and emerge in the midst of landscape plantings and trampled lawns. On their own and free of charge, these plants provide ecological services including temperature reduction, oxygen production, carbon storage, food and habitat for wildlife, pollution mitigation, and erosion control on slopes. Around the world, wild plants help to make urban environments more habitable for people. Peter Del Tredici’s lushly illustrated field guide to wild urban plants of the northeastern United States is the first of its kind. While it covers the area bounded by Montreal, Boston, Washington, DC, and Detroit, it is broadly applicable to temperate urban environments across North America. The book covers 222 species that flourish without human assistance or approval. Rather than vilifying such plants as weeds, Del Tredici stresses that it is important to notice, recognize, and appreciate their contribution to the quality of urban life. Indeed their very toughness in the face of heat islands, elevated levels of carbon dioxide, and ubiquitous contamination is indicative of the important role they have to play in helping humans adapt to the challenges presented by urbanization, globalization, and climate change. The species accounts—158 main entries plus 64 secondary species—feature descriptive information including scientific name and taxonomic authority, common names, botanical family, life form, place of origin, and identification features. Del Tredici focuses especially on their habitat preferences, environmental functions, and cultural significance. Each entry is accompanied by original full-color photographs by the author which show the plants’ characteristics and growth forms in their typical habitats. Wild Urban Plants of the Northeast will help readers learn to see these plants—the natural vegetation of the urban environment—with fresh appreciation and understanding. Weeds of the Northeast. Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal, and Joseph M. Ditomaso. 1997. Cornell University Press, Ithica, NY. 408 pp. $29.95, softcover. ISBN 9780801483349. Here, at last, is a lavishly illustrated manual for ready identification of 299 common and economically important weeds in the region south to Virginia, north to Maine and southern Canada, and west to Wisconsin. Based on vegetative rather than floral characteristics, this practical guide gives anyone who works with plants the ability to identify weeds before they flower. A dichotomous key to all the species desc","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"20 1","pages":"B1 - B8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1656/045.020.0313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49603356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noteworthy Books Received by the Northeastern naturalist, Issue 29/4, 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135898719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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