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The first Triassic elasmobranch teeth from the Southern Hemisphere (Canterbury, New Zealand) 南半球发现的第一颗三叠纪板颌目牙齿(新西兰坎特伯雷)
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2214369
J. Rees, H. Campbell, J. E. Simes
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引用次数: 0
Cambrian ocean floor crust preserved in the Takaka Terrane, New Zealand 保存在新西兰Takaka地块的寒武纪海底地壳
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2197239
C. Münker, F. Wombacher, C. Siebert
ABSTRACT Cambrian igneous rocks in the Takaka Terrane of New Zealand provide important constraints for geodynamic reconstructions of the Cambrian SE Gondwana margin. We provide field data and a comprehensive trace element and isotope dataset for such rocks from the upper Baton River area in northwest Nelson, New Zealand, including the first combined Hf-Nd isotope data for Takaka Terrane rocks. These submarine volcanic rocks, known as Mataki and Benson volcanics of the Devil River Volcanics Group, are both interbedded with Haupiri Group sediments, providing a previously not observed direct stratigraphic link between the two volcanic units. Incompatible element abundances of Mataki Volcanics display a full spectrum from subduction-modified back-arc-tholeiites to E-MORB type tholeiites. Initial Hf-Nd isotope compositions are coupled, spanning a range from MORB-like to OIB-like compositions. The MORB-like endmember (initial ϵNd +7 and ϵHf +13), taps moderately depleted asthenospheric mantle. If extrapolated to present-day composition, this depleted mantle endmember does not resemble modern Pacific-type mantle, suggesting formation in a back-arc basin separated from Pacific mantle by a continent-ward, intra-oceanic subduction zone. The enriched asthenospheric mantle endmember in the Mataki Volcanics may be an equivalent to the sources of Neoproterozic or middle Cambrian intra-continental flood basalts in central and SE-Australia.
新西兰Takaka地体寒武系火成岩为寒武系东南冈瓦纳边缘的地球动力学重建提供了重要的约束条件。我们提供了来自新西兰Nelson西北部Baton River上游地区的此类岩石的现场数据和综合微量元素和同位素数据集,包括Takaka Terrane岩石的首次Hf-Nd组合同位素数据。这些海底火山岩,被称为魔鬼河火山群的Mataki和Benson火山,都与Haupiri群沉积物互层,提供了以前未观察到的两个火山单元之间的直接地层联系。Mataki火山岩的不相容元素丰度表现出从俯冲变质弧后拉斑到E-MORB型拉斑的全谱特征。初始Hf-Nd同位素组成是耦合的,其组成范围从morb样到obb样。类似morb的端元(最初的ϵNd +7和ϵHf +13),进入中度衰竭的软流圈地幔。如果外推到现在的成分,这个枯竭的地幔端部不像现代的太平洋型地幔,表明它形成于一个弧后盆地,与太平洋地幔被一个向大陆的洋内俯冲带分开。Mataki火山岩中富集的软流圈地幔端段可能相当于澳大利亚中部和东南部新元古代或中寒武纪大陆内洪水玄武岩的来源。
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引用次数: 1
The potential for palaeoseismic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions from Lake Tennyson, North Canterbury, New Zealand 新西兰北坎特伯雷丁尼森湖古地震和古气候重建的潜力
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2209329
John-Mark Woolley, A. Lorrey, P. Augustinus, P. Gadd
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引用次数: 0
Structure and topology of a brittle-ductile fault swarm at Crawford Knob, Franz Josef, New Zealand 新西兰弗朗茨约瑟夫克劳福德旋钮脆性-韧性断层群的结构和拓扑结构
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2203505
S. Ellis, M. Hill, T. Little
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引用次数: 0
Zealandia and Australia at Ordovician continental margins: reconciling their similar and differing detrital zircon provenances within Rodinia 奥陶系大陆边缘的西兰迪亚和澳大利亚:在罗丁尼亚调和它们相似和不同的碎屑锆石物源
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2197238
C. Adams, H. Campbell
ABSTRACT New detrital zircon ages from biostratigraphically well-controlled Ordovician sandstones in southeast Australia are compared with published counterparts in southern Zealandia. During Rodinia supercontinent assembly (RA), Australia and Zealandia age patterns are similar, everywhere with ubiquitous late Mesoproterozoic magmatic zircon sources. However, during earliest Gondwana supercontinent assembly (GA), the age patterns have different sediment sources: (1) those of late Neoproterozoic age are more strongly represented in Zealandia but of uncertain location, but (2) those of late Cambrian-Ordovician age are more prominent in eastern Australia, having probable origins in the Ross-Delamerian Orogen. In particular, a distinctive zircon component, ca. 600–650 Ma, is ubiquitous in Zealandia but rare in Australia. Early Paleoproterozoic and Archean (Nuna, NU) zircon sources (2000–3200 Ma) become important (and locally up to 25% total) in Zealandia but not in Australia. It is difficult to reconcile all these sediment source requirements within disparate and distant Australian-Antarctic Precambrian complexes. Instead, it is proposed that, through the early Palaeozoic, Zealandia had only local sediment sources in a discrete Rodinia basement continental block outcropping in South Zealandia that was formerly adjacent to South China.
摘要将澳大利亚东南部生物地层控制良好的奥陶系砂岩中的新碎屑锆石与西兰迪亚南部已发表的碎屑锆石进行了比较。在Rodinia超大陆组合时期,澳大利亚和西兰迪亚的时代格局相似,到处都有普遍存在的晚中元古代岩浆锆石源。然而,在最早的冈瓦纳超大陆组合(GA)中,年龄模式具有不同的沉积物来源:(1)晚新元古代的沉积物在西兰迪亚较为明显,但位置不确定;(2)晚寒武-奥陶世的沉积物在澳大利亚东部较为突出,可能起源于罗斯-德拉美洲造山带。特别是,一种独特的锆石成分,约600-650 Ma,在西兰迪亚普遍存在,但在澳大利亚很少见。早古元古代和太古代(Nuna, NU)锆石来源(2000-3200 Ma)在西兰洲变得重要(局部占总锆石来源的25%),但在澳大利亚则不重要。很难在不同的和遥远的澳大利亚-南极前寒武纪复合体中调和所有这些沉积物来源要求。相反,我们认为,在早古生代,西兰迪亚只有在南西兰迪亚一个离散的罗迪尼亚基底陆块露头的局部沉积物来源,该露头以前与华南相邻。
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引用次数: 1
Cretaceous tectonostratigraphy of ‘the Great Coverham section’ and adjacent areas, northeastern Waiau Toa/Clarence valley, New Zealand 新西兰Waiau Toa/Clarence山谷东北部“Great Coverham剖面”及其邻近地区的白垩纪构造地层学
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2193415
J. Crampton
ABSTRACT Late Early–Late Cretaceous strata preserved at the northeastern end of the Waiau Toa/Clarence valley, northeastern South Island, New Zealand, have been central to ongoing debates concerning the end of Mesozoic subduction on the Zealandian margin of Gondwana and the initiation of extension. New geological mapping within this area at Coverham, Kekerengu and Wharekiri, has resolved complex relationships between Cretaceous stratigraphic units and faults. Results indicate that, within the interval 110–100 Ma, Champagne and lower Split Rock formations record syn-tectonic deposition by marine mass-transport processes within confined sub-basins with steep seafloor gradients. Upper Split Rock Formation and overlying Nidd Formation record progressive burial of seafloor topography between c. 100–86 Ma. Although uncertainties remain, three or four faults appear to have been low-angle structures with normal displacements that were active within the interval c. 105–89 Ma; one of these faults experienced brief reversal of offset between c. 91 and 87 Ma. The new data are most consistent with a model of subduction shutdown between c. 105–100 Ma, following impact of the Hikurangi Plateau large igneous province at the subduction margin. Widespread uplift along the margin between 97 and 95 Ma may reflect subsequent rebound of the subducted plate.
摘要:保存在新西兰南岛东北部Waiau Toa/Clarence山谷东北端的早白垩世晚期-晚白垩世地层,一直是关于冈瓦纳大陆新西兰边缘中生代俯冲结束和伸展开始的争论的中心。Coverham、Kekerengu和Wharekiri地区的新地质测绘解决了白垩纪地层单元和断层之间的复杂关系。结果表明,在110–100的区间内 Ma、Champagne和较低的Split岩层记录了海底梯度陡峭的受限亚盆地内通过海洋物质输送过程进行的同构造沉积。上裂岩组和上覆Nidd组记录了约100–86年间海底地形的渐进埋藏 马。尽管不确定性仍然存在,但有三到四条断层似乎是具有正常位移的低角度结构,在间隔c内活跃。105-89 马;其中一条断层在公元91年至87年间经历了短暂的偏移逆转 马。新的数据与105-100年之间俯冲关闭的模型最为一致 马,受Hikurangi高原大型火成岩省俯冲边缘的影响。97和95之间沿边缘的大范围隆起 马可能反映了俯冲板块随后的反弹。
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引用次数: 1
Introduction to the Kaikōura earthquake special issue 介绍Kaikōura地震特刊
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2197240
A. Nicol, A. Howell, N. Litchfield, T. Wilson, Stephen Bannister, C. Massey
ABSTRACT The Kaikōura Earthquake ruptured a complex network of at least 20 faults in the northeastern South Island, with variable geometries, slip and slip rates. Ground shaking and surface fault rupture generated a tsunami, thousands of landslides, and many dammed rivers. The earthquake damaged farmland, buildings and infrastructure in the northeastern South Island and Wellington regions, closing critical transport networks for over a year. This special issue presents a collection of 12 papers on the earthquake. These papers cover a range of topics, including, the geometries and paleoearthquake histories of faults that ruptured, seismic hazards, the tsunami and coastal geomorphology, together with the societal impact and communication of the earthquake. They incorporate our understanding of the earthquake 5–6 years since it occurred. Despite an unprecedented amount of data and thousands of published papers referring to the earthquake, many key questions remain. These include: is the Hikurangi subduction interface capable of producing great earthquakes beneath the northeastern South Island? Why did the Hope Fault not accommodate significant slip in the earthquake? Has the earthquake changed the seismic hazard in central Aotearoa New Zealand? Addressing these questions will improve understanding of seismic processes and hazards helping to build resilience to future earthquakes.
Kaikōura地震破坏了南岛东北部一个由至少20个断层组成的复杂网络,这些断层具有可变的几何形状、滑动和滑动速率。地面震动和地表断层破裂引发了海啸、数千次山体滑坡和许多河流被筑坝。地震破坏了南岛东北部和惠灵顿地区的农田、建筑和基础设施,导致关键的交通网络关闭了一年多。本期特刊收录了12篇有关这次地震的论文。这些论文涵盖了一系列的主题,包括断裂断层的几何形状和古地震历史、地震危害、海啸和海岸地貌,以及地震的社会影响和传播。它们包含了我们对地震发生后5-6年的理解。尽管有前所未有的大量数据和数千篇有关地震的论文发表,但许多关键问题仍然存在。这些问题包括:Hikurangi俯冲界面是否能够在南岛东北部产生大地震?为什么希望断层在地震中没有容纳明显的滑动?地震是否改变了新西兰奥特罗阿中部的地震危险性?解决这些问题将提高对地震过程和灾害的理解,有助于建立对未来地震的恢复能力。
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引用次数: 0
The New Zealand Community Fault Model – version 1.0: an improved geological foundation for seismic hazard modelling 新西兰社区断层模型1.0版:地震灾害建模的改进地质基础
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2181362
H. Seebeck, R. Dissen, N. Litchfield, P. Barnes, A. Nicol, R. Langridge, D. Barrell, P. Villamor, S. Ellis, M. Rattenbury, Stephen Bannister, M. Gerstenberger, F. Ghisetti, R. Sutherland, H. Hirschberg, J. Fraser, S. Nodder, M. Stirling, Jade Humphrey, K. J. Bland, A. Howell, J. Mountjoy, V. Moon, T. Stahl, F. Spinardi, D. Townsend, K. Clark, I. Hamling, S. Cox, W. D. de Lange, P. Wopereis, M. Johnston, R. Morgenstern, G. Coffey, J. Eccles, T. Little, B. Fry, J. Griffin, John Townend, N. Mortimer, S. Alcaraz, C. Massiot, J. Rowland, James Muirhead, P. Upton, Julie Lee
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引用次数: 12
Terrane and core complex architecture of the Otago Schist in the Dunstan and Cairnmuir Mountains, New Zealand, from U-Pb and (U-Th)/He zircon dating 基于U-Pb和(U-Th)/He锆石定年的新西兰Dunstan和Cairnmuir山奥塔哥片岩地体和岩心杂岩结构
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2023.2176892
N. Mortimer, Jeffrey Lee, D. Stockli
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引用次数: 0
A time-dependent seismic hazard model following the Kaikōura M7.8 earthquake Kaikōura 7.8级地震后的时变地震灾害模型
IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2022.2158881
M. Gerstenberger, D. Rhoades, N. Litchfield, E. Abbott, T. Goded, A. Christophersen, R. V. Van Dissen, Stephen Bannister, D. Barrell, Zane Bruce, B. Fry, I. Hamling, C. Holden, N. Horspool, A. Kaiser, Y. Kaneko, R. Langridge, T. Little, B. Lukovic, Sara K. Mcbride, G. McVerry, A. Nicol, N. Perrin, J. Pettinga, M. Stirling, C. V. Houtte, L. Wallace
ABSTRACT Following the 2016 M7.8 Kaikōura earthquake, a time-varying seismic hazard model (KSHM) was developed to inform decision-making for the reinstatement of road and rail networks in the northern South Island. The source model is the sum of a gridded 100-year earthquake clustering model and an updated fault source model. The gridded model comprises long-term, medium-term and short-term components. The 100-year gridded model is constructed as the sum of 100 annual forecasts. A discounting method trades off expected earthquake occurrences of the distant future against those of the near future. The fault source model includes updates to account for newly revealed faults that ruptured in the Kaikōura earthquake and other recently obtained new information, and new time-varying probabilities of rupture for four fault segments. Two different characterisations of the Hikurangi subduction interface are incorporated via a logic tree, with weights determined by an expert panel. A suite of ground motion prediction equations contribute to a logic tree in order to account for epistemic uncertainties in source modelling for each of four tectonic region types. Here, we compare the resulting hazard estimates with the 2010 National Seismic hazard Model and recorded motions in past New Zealand and global earthquakes.
在2016年Kaikōura里氏7.8级地震发生后,研究人员开发了一个时变地震灾害模型(KSHM),为南岛北部公路和铁路网络的恢复提供决策依据。震源模型是网格化的百年地震聚类模型和更新后的断层震源模型的总和。网格模型包括长期、中期和短期三个部分。100年网格模型是由100个年度预测的总和构成的。贴现法将遥远未来的地震预测与近期的地震预测进行比较。断层源模型包括更新,以考虑在Kaikōura地震中新发现的破裂断层和其他最近获得的新信息,以及四个断层段的新的时变破裂概率。Hikurangi俯冲界面的两种不同特征通过逻辑树合并,权重由专家小组确定。一套地震动预测方程有助于逻辑树,以便在四种构造区域类型的震源建模中考虑认识上的不确定性。在这里,我们将得出的危险性估计与2010年国家地震危险性模型进行了比较,并记录了过去新西兰和全球地震的运动。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
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