Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0023
None Modupe Iretiola Builders, None Blessing Oluchi Udeh, None Samuel Otokpa Ede, None Simeon Oyepata Joseph, None Peter Uduak Ise
Combretum paniculatum (CP) vent is popularly used in traditional medicine to treat peptic ulcer disease. The anti-ulcer activities of 80% methanol leaf extract of CP was evaluated in rats and mice. The effects of CP extract on gastric ulcer in rats and mice in pylorus ligation –induced model was studied using varying concentrations (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight). Omeprazole (20mg/kg body weight) was used as the reference drug. Parameters such as volume, PH of gastric fluid, ulcer sore, percentage ulceration, percent inhibition of the ulcer sore, ulcer index and percent inhibition of ulcer index were determined. Histopathological study was also conducted. Data were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance followed by Tuckey’s post hoc test and P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant as well as P< 0.01 as statistically highly significant. The oral median Lethal dose (LD50) was found to be greater than 2000mg/kg, phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and steroids were found to be present while saponins were found to be absent. CP highly significantly (P<0.01) reduced gastric ulcer index by 49.6%, 62.4% and 87.6% , CP posseses both dose-dependent and time dependent anti-ulcer activities. This study validates the anti-ulcer pharmacological activities of this plant, further investigation should be carried out to isolate specific phytochemicals as well as authenticate the mechanisms of action responsible for these activities.
{"title":"Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of methanolic extract Combretum paniculatum Vent. in rats and mice using pylorus –ligation induced model","authors":"None Modupe Iretiola Builders, None Blessing Oluchi Udeh, None Samuel Otokpa Ede, None Simeon Oyepata Joseph, None Peter Uduak Ise","doi":"10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Combretum paniculatum (CP) vent is popularly used in traditional medicine to treat peptic ulcer disease. The anti-ulcer activities of 80% methanol leaf extract of CP was evaluated in rats and mice. The effects of CP extract on gastric ulcer in rats and mice in pylorus ligation –induced model was studied using varying concentrations (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight). Omeprazole (20mg/kg body weight) was used as the reference drug. Parameters such as volume, PH of gastric fluid, ulcer sore, percentage ulceration, percent inhibition of the ulcer sore, ulcer index and percent inhibition of ulcer index were determined. Histopathological study was also conducted. Data were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance followed by Tuckey’s post hoc test and P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant as well as P< 0.01 as statistically highly significant. The oral median Lethal dose (LD50) was found to be greater than 2000mg/kg, phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and steroids were found to be present while saponins were found to be absent. CP highly significantly (P<0.01) reduced gastric ulcer index by 49.6%, 62.4% and 87.6% , CP posseses both dose-dependent and time dependent anti-ulcer activities. This study validates the anti-ulcer pharmacological activities of this plant, further investigation should be carried out to isolate specific phytochemicals as well as authenticate the mechanisms of action responsible for these activities.","PeriodicalId":497826,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of life sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0028
None Romário Teixeira Braga Filho
The protection and conservation of a healthy environment is a fundamental human right and an obligation for everyone. The aggressions to the environment practiced by human beings have caused damage to different species of life, to human health and to the ecosystem as a whole. The ineffectiveness of many of the proposals for environmental protection is probably associated with the utilitarian view that human beings have regarding other living beings and the natural environment – a distorted view linked to the anthropocentric paradigm. Scholars have proposed the adoption of the biocentric paradigm - which considers that all non-human living beings have an intrinsic value independent of human expectations, or the ecocentric paradigm - which considers the interdependence between all living beings and the natural environment as fundamental for the survival of life on the planet. Through the methodology of integrative review, the author analyzes the concepts presented by scholars in studies on the environment, and the central paradigms in their discussions, which mostly point to the need for evolution towards the biocentric or ecocentric paradigms.
{"title":"A healthy environment as a fundamental human right and a natural environment from the perspective of anthropocentric, biocentric or ecocentric paradigms","authors":"None Romário Teixeira Braga Filho","doi":"10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0028","url":null,"abstract":"The protection and conservation of a healthy environment is a fundamental human right and an obligation for everyone. The aggressions to the environment practiced by human beings have caused damage to different species of life, to human health and to the ecosystem as a whole. The ineffectiveness of many of the proposals for environmental protection is probably associated with the utilitarian view that human beings have regarding other living beings and the natural environment – a distorted view linked to the anthropocentric paradigm. Scholars have proposed the adoption of the biocentric paradigm - which considers that all non-human living beings have an intrinsic value independent of human expectations, or the ecocentric paradigm - which considers the interdependence between all living beings and the natural environment as fundamental for the survival of life on the planet. Through the methodology of integrative review, the author analyzes the concepts presented by scholars in studies on the environment, and the central paradigms in their discussions, which mostly point to the need for evolution towards the biocentric or ecocentric paradigms.","PeriodicalId":497826,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of life sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0025
None Joel Tari Honda, None Joel Tari Honda, None I. I. Nkafamiya
The total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration decrease at the initial and final bioremediation across different variable and the comparative effect of roots and stem of Cisuss populnea biosorbent were studied. 25 g of soil was weighed into different plate, contaminated with about 10 ml of crude oil, the plate was labeled as BI, CI DI, BF, CF and DF (stem), (root) across 3 g, 6 g, and 9 g variables and A (soil and crude oil mixture) as control for initial and final bioremediation. 1 g of each contaminated soil sample was extracted using mechanical shaker at room temperature and the extracts were analyzed using GC/MS the results showed that the initial treatment of stem biosorbent were 358.47455 ppm, 248.02045 ppm, 249.97273 ppm respectively and the final treatment after 4 weeks of biodegradation were 173.40636 ppm, 70.44364 ppm, 45.60818 ppm and control 757.39864 ppm. The total effect removal of Total petroleum hydrocarbon obtained were 51.6%, 75.2% and 81.8%, while the initial treatment of the root biosorbent were 366.72762 ppm, 347.75909 ppm, 337.04227ppm, after 4 weeks of biodegradation, the Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration decreases to 143.6982 ppm, 60.05455 ppm, 52.21045 ppm and control 757.39864 ppm and the effect removal were 60.8%, 82.7% and 84.5%.
{"title":"Comparative study of bioremediation of crude oil spillage using Cissus populnea stem and root as bio-sorbents","authors":"None Joel Tari Honda, None Joel Tari Honda, None I. I. Nkafamiya","doi":"10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0025","url":null,"abstract":"The total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration decrease at the initial and final bioremediation across different variable and the comparative effect of roots and stem of Cisuss populnea biosorbent were studied. 25 g of soil was weighed into different plate, contaminated with about 10 ml of crude oil, the plate was labeled as BI, CI DI, BF, CF and DF (stem), (root) across 3 g, 6 g, and 9 g variables and A (soil and crude oil mixture) as control for initial and final bioremediation. 1 g of each contaminated soil sample was extracted using mechanical shaker at room temperature and the extracts were analyzed using GC/MS the results showed that the initial treatment of stem biosorbent were 358.47455 ppm, 248.02045 ppm, 249.97273 ppm respectively and the final treatment after 4 weeks of biodegradation were 173.40636 ppm, 70.44364 ppm, 45.60818 ppm and control 757.39864 ppm. The total effect removal of Total petroleum hydrocarbon obtained were 51.6%, 75.2% and 81.8%, while the initial treatment of the root biosorbent were 366.72762 ppm, 347.75909 ppm, 337.04227ppm, after 4 weeks of biodegradation, the Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration decreases to 143.6982 ppm, 60.05455 ppm, 52.21045 ppm and control 757.39864 ppm and the effect removal were 60.8%, 82.7% and 84.5%.","PeriodicalId":497826,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of life sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0026
None G.G Yebpella, None R.O.A Adelagun, None Michael A. Abakpa, None Johnson Gani
The evaluation of trace metals in the environmental around Owukpa coal mine field, Ogbadibo Local Government Area, Benue State Nigeria was carried out to evaluate the degree of contamination due to mining activity in the area. The mean concentration of selected heavy metals (Ni, Fe, Cd, Cr, Pb and Mn) in Vegetables (Vernonia amygdalina) around coal mines were investigated. Results of the atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) were as follows Ni (4.47), Fe (29.18), Cd (1.27), Cr (3.76), Pb (4.64), and Mn (12.84) with a variation pattern in the order: Fe>Mn>Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd. It was observed that the trend of EDIs for heavy metals in the samples were in the order of Fe > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. The HRIs of Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were higher than 1 (HRI > 1), with Carcinogenic Risk values of Cd (0.0668), Cr (0.0157), Fe (0.2432), Mn (0.1070), Ni (0.0340), and Pb (0.0003), respectively.
{"title":"Health risk of heavy metal exposure in vegetable around owukpa coal mine field, north central Nigeria","authors":"None G.G Yebpella, None R.O.A Adelagun, None Michael A. Abakpa, None Johnson Gani","doi":"10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0026","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of trace metals in the environmental around Owukpa coal mine field, Ogbadibo Local Government Area, Benue State Nigeria was carried out to evaluate the degree of contamination due to mining activity in the area. The mean concentration of selected heavy metals (Ni, Fe, Cd, Cr, Pb and Mn) in Vegetables (Vernonia amygdalina) around coal mines were investigated. Results of the atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) were as follows Ni (4.47), Fe (29.18), Cd (1.27), Cr (3.76), Pb (4.64), and Mn (12.84) with a variation pattern in the order: Fe>Mn>Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd. It was observed that the trend of EDIs for heavy metals in the samples were in the order of Fe > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. The HRIs of Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were higher than 1 (HRI > 1), with Carcinogenic Risk values of Cd (0.0668), Cr (0.0157), Fe (0.2432), Mn (0.1070), Ni (0.0340), and Pb (0.0003), respectively.","PeriodicalId":497826,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of life sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by life-threatening acute tonic-clonic seizures. It is the onset of seizures (convulsion) in a woman with pre-eclampsia. It affects 1 in 200 women with pre-eclampsia. The prevalence of eclampsia varies across geographical locations. The incidence of eclampsia lies in the range of 0.3 per 10 deliveries in Calabar (Cross River State). However, there is paucity of information on its prevalence in Calabar; thus this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of eclampsia in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) over a period of five years. Furthermore, data on eclamptic patients from 2015 to 2019 was obtained from Records Department of the hospital. A total of 9,575 deliveries and 153 cases of eclampsia were documented giving an overall prevalence of 1.5%. The prevalence in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 was 1.2%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 3.4%, 1.2% respectively. One hundred and two (102) case notes were available for analysis (66.6%). The mean age of patients was 29.5±5.4 and majority (39.2%) were in the age group 27-32 years. The mean parity was 1.5 and 42 patients (41.1%) were primiparous. Mean blood pressure at presentation was systolic (158±19.5), diastolic (101.7±16.9) and proteinuria (2.4±0.7). 4 (3.9%) had history of eclampsia, 11 (10.7%) had personal history of pre-eclampsia, 12 (11.7%) had family history of hypertension and 7 (6.8%) had personal history of hypertension. The slight increase in prevalence over the years calls for close monitoring
{"title":"Demographic distribution of eclampsia in women attending the University of Calabar teaching hospital (UCTH), Calabar","authors":"None Anita Ogheleomo Iguoba, None Mary Francisca Effiong, None Veronica Peter, None Chioma Mascillina Offor, None Chioma Mascillina Offor, None Chinenye Vivian Nwachuwkwu, None Goodluck Oghenerukevwe Okoro","doi":"10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by life-threatening acute tonic-clonic seizures. It is the onset of seizures (convulsion) in a woman with pre-eclampsia. It affects 1 in 200 women with pre-eclampsia. The prevalence of eclampsia varies across geographical locations. The incidence of eclampsia lies in the range of 0.3 per 10 deliveries in Calabar (Cross River State). However, there is paucity of information on its prevalence in Calabar; thus this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of eclampsia in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) over a period of five years. Furthermore, data on eclamptic patients from 2015 to 2019 was obtained from Records Department of the hospital. A total of 9,575 deliveries and 153 cases of eclampsia were documented giving an overall prevalence of 1.5%. The prevalence in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 was 1.2%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 3.4%, 1.2% respectively. One hundred and two (102) case notes were available for analysis (66.6%). The mean age of patients was 29.5±5.4 and majority (39.2%) were in the age group 27-32 years. The mean parity was 1.5 and 42 patients (41.1%) were primiparous. Mean blood pressure at presentation was systolic (158±19.5), diastolic (101.7±16.9) and proteinuria (2.4±0.7). 4 (3.9%) had history of eclampsia, 11 (10.7%) had personal history of pre-eclampsia, 12 (11.7%) had family history of hypertension and 7 (6.8%) had personal history of hypertension. The slight increase in prevalence over the years calls for close monitoring","PeriodicalId":497826,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of life sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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