Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_031:085
A. Richter, Francisco Hita Garcia, R. Keller, J. Billen, Julian Katzke, B. Boudinot, E. Economo, R. Beutel
The hypogaeic ant subfamilies Leptanillinae and Martialinae likely form the sister group to the remainder of the extant Formicidae. In order to increase the knowledge of anatomy and functional morphology of these unusual and phylogenetically crucial ants, we document and describe in detail the cranium of a leptanilline, Protanilla lini Terayama, 2009. The mandibular articulation of the species differs greatly from that of other ants studied so far, and clearly represents a derived condition. We propose a mode of movement for the specialized mandibles that involves variable rotation and sophisticated locking mechanisms. While a wide opening gape and a unique articulation are characteristics of the mandibular movement of P. lini, the observed condition differs from the trap-jaw mechanisms occurring in other groups of ants, and we cannot, at present, confirm such a functional configuration. Protanilla lini displays hardly any plesiomorphies relative to the poneroformicine ants, with the possible exception of the absence of the torular apodeme. Instead, the species is characterized by a suite of apomorphic features related to its hypogaeic and specialized predatory lifestyle. This includes the loss of eyes and optic neuropils, a pronouncedly prognathous head, and the derived mandibular articulation. The present study is an additional stepping-stone on our way to reconstructing the cephalic ground plan of ants and will contribute to our understanding of ant evolution.
{"title":"The head anatomy of Protanilla lini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae), with a hypothesis of their mandibular movement","authors":"A. Richter, Francisco Hita Garcia, R. Keller, J. Billen, Julian Katzke, B. Boudinot, E. Economo, R. Beutel","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_031:085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_031:085","url":null,"abstract":"The hypogaeic ant subfamilies Leptanillinae and Martialinae likely form the sister group to the remainder of the extant Formicidae. In order to increase the knowledge of anatomy and functional morphology of these unusual and phylogenetically crucial ants, we document and describe in detail the cranium of a leptanilline, Protanilla lini Terayama, 2009. The mandibular articulation of the species differs greatly from that of other ants studied so far, and clearly represents a derived condition. We propose a mode of movement for the specialized mandibles that involves variable rotation and sophisticated locking mechanisms. While a wide opening gape and a unique articulation are characteristics of the mandibular movement of P. lini, the observed condition differs from the trap-jaw mechanisms occurring in other groups of ants, and we cannot, at present, confirm such a functional configuration. Protanilla lini displays hardly any plesiomorphies relative to the poneroformicine ants, with the possible exception of the absence of the torular apodeme. Instead, the species is characterized by a suite of apomorphic features related to its hypogaeic and specialized predatory lifestyle. This includes the loss of eyes and optic neuropils, a pronouncedly prognathous head, and the derived mandibular articulation. The present study is an additional stepping-stone on our way to reconstructing the cephalic ground plan of ants and will contribute to our understanding of ant evolution.","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"1 1","pages":"85-114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86849149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_030151
K. Eguchi, Emiko Oguri, Takanori Sasaki, A. Matsuo, D. Nguyen, W. Jaitrong, B. E. Yahya, Zhilin Chen, R. Satria, Wendy Y. Wang, Y. Suyama
Multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing – MIG-seq – is an effective PCR-based method for genome-wide SNP detection using the Next-Generation Sequencing platform, and it provides a potential solution to a central problem in museomics – the difficulties of obtaining useful sequence data from aged specimens with often degraded and / or low yields of DNA. We demonstrate and validate the cost effectiveness and utility of the MIG-seq workflow in obtaining useful and robust sequence data from aged museum specimens. We applied the MIG-seq approach to 55 aged (10 23 years old) millimeter-sized dry-mounted specimens of the hyper-diverse ant genus Pheidole. A total of 50,782,736 reads were generated from the 55 samples (259,902 3,693,375 reads per sample). The reads corresponded to 36,862 SNPs from 4,849 polymorphic loci; the SNP dataset was then used to construct a Bayesian phylogenetic tree. The topology of the phylogenetic tree was highly compatible with existing knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among species of Pheidole. Therefore, we recommend the MIG-seq method as a cost-effective and highly applicable pipeline for conducting phylogenetic and population genetic studies on aged museum specimens, potentially enhancing the relevance of specimen repositories in general towards modern biodiversity science and conservation biology.
{"title":"Revisiting museum collections in the genomic era: potential of MIG-seq for retrieving phylogenetic information from aged minute dry specimens of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and other small organisms","authors":"K. Eguchi, Emiko Oguri, Takanori Sasaki, A. Matsuo, D. Nguyen, W. Jaitrong, B. E. Yahya, Zhilin Chen, R. Satria, Wendy Y. Wang, Y. Suyama","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_030151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_030151","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing – MIG-seq – is an effective PCR-based method for genome-wide SNP detection using the Next-Generation Sequencing platform, and it provides a potential solution to a central problem in museomics – the difficulties of obtaining useful sequence data from aged specimens with often degraded and / or low yields of DNA. We demonstrate and validate the cost effectiveness and utility of the MIG-seq workflow in obtaining useful and robust sequence data from aged museum specimens. We applied the MIG-seq approach to 55 aged (10 23 years old) millimeter-sized dry-mounted specimens of the hyper-diverse ant genus Pheidole. A total of 50,782,736 reads were generated from the 55 samples (259,902 3,693,375 reads per sample). The reads corresponded to 36,862 SNPs from 4,849 polymorphic loci; the SNP dataset was then used to construct a Bayesian phylogenetic tree. The topology of the phylogenetic tree was highly compatible with existing knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among species of Pheidole. Therefore, we recommend the MIG-seq method as a cost-effective and highly applicable pipeline for conducting phylogenetic and population genetic studies on aged museum specimens, potentially enhancing the relevance of specimen repositories in general towards modern biodiversity science and conservation biology.","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"1977 1","pages":"151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86586254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ant crickets (Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae) associated with the invasive yellow crazy ant Anoplolepis gracilipes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): evidence for cryptic species and potential co-introduction with hosts","authors":"Po‐Wei Hsu, Sylvain Hugel, J. K. Wetterer, S. Tseng, C. S. Ooi, Chow‐Yang Lee, C. Yang","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_030:103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_030:103","url":null,"abstract":"Author(s): Hsu, Po-Wei; Hugel, Sylvain; Wetterer, James K; Tseng, Shu-Ping; Ooi, Chuan-Sen Mark; Lee, Chow-Yang; Yang, Chin-Cheng Scotty","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"41 1","pages":"103-129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87713107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_026:097
Robert W. Taylor
{"title":"New species of the ant genus Metapone Forel, 1911: first records from New Caledonia and Vanuatu (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"Robert W. Taylor","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_026:097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_026:097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83753212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:083
D. Stucki, L. Sundström, D. Freitak
{"title":"Caste-specific expression of constitutive and Beauveria bassiana induced immunity in the ant Formica exsecta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"D. Stucki, L. Sundström, D. Freitak","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"46 1","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82220017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:017
E. Fox, Adrian A. Smith, Joshua C. Gibson, Daniel Solís
This study aims to contribute to the neglected topic of larval biology in ants. The number of larval instars for three different species of trap-jaw ants, Odontomachus meinerti Forel, 1905, Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892, and Odontomachus brunneus (Patton, 1894) was estimated to three based on the maximum width frequency distributions of head capsules from worker and male larvae. The obtained number of larval instars was smaller than from a previous report with another species in the genus, indicating possible interspecific variation. Larvae of different sexes and instars among the three different species were generally identical, differing merely by relative dimensions and patterns of hair distribution. Dorsal "doorknob" protuberances were recorded for the first time in the genus, and observed being used to fix larvae onto nest walls. From observing several individuals, we suggest the ornamentation of spiracle peritremes and the types of body protuberances are useful characters for larval taxonomy within this group. Moreover, a few individuals were found possessing anomalous structures which are reminiscent of characters from related taxa. Finally, some brief observations are made on an unidentified parasite found inside some mature larvae of O. bauri.
{"title":"Larvae of trap-jaw ants, Odontomachus Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): morphology and biological notes","authors":"E. Fox, Adrian A. Smith, Joshua C. Gibson, Daniel Solís","doi":"10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25849/MYRMECOL.NEWS_025:017","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to contribute to the neglected topic of larval biology in ants. The number of larval instars for three different species of trap-jaw ants, Odontomachus meinerti Forel, 1905, Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892, and Odontomachus brunneus (Patton, 1894) was estimated to three based on the maximum width frequency distributions of head capsules from worker and male larvae. The obtained number of larval instars was smaller than from a previous report with another species in the genus, indicating possible interspecific variation. Larvae of different sexes and instars among the three different species were generally identical, differing merely by relative dimensions and patterns of hair distribution. Dorsal \"doorknob\" protuberances were recorded for the first time in the genus, and observed being used to fix larvae onto nest walls. From observing several individuals, we suggest the ornamentation of spiracle peritremes and the types of body protuberances are useful characters for larval taxonomy within this group. Moreover, a few individuals were found possessing anomalous structures which are reminiscent of characters from related taxa. Finally, some brief observations are made on an unidentified parasite found inside some mature larvae of O. bauri.","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"2015 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87216236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new ant species, Cataglyphis tartessica sp.n., is described based on the morphological traits of its workers, queens, and males. The species is endemic to Spain and phylogenetically closely related to Cataglyphis floricola TINAUT, 1993, of which C. tartessica sp.n. was previously considered to be a bicoloured morph. The more relevant aspects of the new species' natural history are also described.
{"title":"Cataglyphis tartessica sp.n., a new ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in south- western Spain","authors":"F. Amor, J. LaPolla, P. Ortega","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.16346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16346","url":null,"abstract":"A new ant species, Cataglyphis tartessica sp.n., is described based on the morphological traits of its workers, queens, and males. The species is endemic to Spain and phylogenetically closely related to Cataglyphis floricola TINAUT, 1993, of which C. tartessica sp.n. was previously considered to be a bicoloured morph. The more relevant aspects of the new species' natural history are also described.","PeriodicalId":49787,"journal":{"name":"Myrmecological News","volume":"15 1","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85203546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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