Tiny anticyclonic vortices have been observed at the arrival runway corridor to the east of the central runway of the Hong Kong International Airport many times. However, it is not sure about the cause of such vortices. In this paper, a meteorological model is coupled with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in high spatial resolution in an attempt to simulate such vortices. The performance of this coupled model is first checked by comparing with the observed building wakes. This model is found to successfully capture the wakes and jets. It is then used to simulate the situation of anticyclonic vortex at the said region, with and without the presence of a key building called AsiaWorld-Expo. It is found that, with the presence of the building only, the anticyclonic vortex can be simulated. This adds more confidence that such vortex is a result of the interaction between the background southwesterly flow with the AsiaWorld-Expo.
{"title":"Simulation of building-induced airflow disturbances in complex terrain using meteorological-CFD coupled model","authors":"K. W. Lo, K. Hon, P. W. Chan, L. Li, Q.S. Li","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1129","url":null,"abstract":"Tiny anticyclonic vortices have been observed at the arrival runway corridor to the east of the central runway of the Hong Kong International Airport many times. However, it is not sure about the cause of such vortices. In this paper, a meteorological model is coupled with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in high spatial resolution in an attempt to simulate such vortices. The performance of this coupled model is first checked by comparing with the observed building wakes. This model is found to successfully capture the wakes and jets. It is then used to simulate the situation of anticyclonic vortex at the said region, with and without the presence of a key building called AsiaWorld-Expo. It is found that, with the presence of the building only, the anticyclonic vortex can be simulated. This adds more confidence that such vortex is a result of the interaction between the background southwesterly flow with the AsiaWorld-Expo.","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49629543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markos Budusa Ware, P. Mori, K. Warrach‐Sagi, M. Jury, T. Schwitalla, Kinfe Hailemariam Beyene, V. Wulfmeyer
{"title":"Climate regionalization using objective multivariate clustering methods and characterization of climatic regions in Ethiopia","authors":"Markos Budusa Ware, P. Mori, K. Warrach‐Sagi, M. Jury, T. Schwitalla, Kinfe Hailemariam Beyene, V. Wulfmeyer","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41998598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Schulz-Stellenfleth, Stefan Emeis, M. Dörenkämper, J. Bange, B. Cañadillas, T. Neumann, J. Schneemann, Ines Weber, Kjell zum Berge, A. Platis, B. Djath, J. Gottschall, L. Vollmer, T. Rausch, Mares Barekzai, J. Hammel, G. Steinfeld, A. Lampert
The atmospheric boundary layer experiences multiple changes in coastal regions, especially with wind directions from land towards the sea, where the wind speed usually increases due to the smaller roughness of the ocean surface. These effects are of particular relevance for offshore wind energy utilization; they are summarized under the term coastal effects. This paper provides an overview of coastal effects and their potential impact on the operating conditions of offshore wind farms with a focus on the German Bight. Common numerical and experimental tools to study coastal effects and developing internal boundary layers (IBL) are introduced, and a review on the current state of research is given. The German Bight is an interesting example to illustrate impacts of coastal effects on offshore wind energy, because of the large number of wind turbines with a coastal distance of 100 km or less. Phenomena related to the stability of the boundary layer, like low level jets, are discussed. Spatial variations of vertical heat fluxes in the coastal zone related to variable water depths or Wadden Sea areas are analysed. The study illustrates that due to the increasing size of offshore wind farms, horizontal wind speed gradients caused by coastal effects can lead to significant wind variations within a single farm. Research topics which still need further attention are discussed in the framework of the rapidly developing wind energy sector with increasing wind turbine hub heights and rotor diameters as well as growing wind farm sizes. One example is the interaction of coastal effects with offshore wind farm wakes. The necessity to consider a large spectrum of spatial and temporal scales to understand and describe coastal effects is highlighted. We summarize modelling and observation tools, which are suitable for the investigation and prediction of the boundary layer dynamics in coastal areas. Existing applications and results are described based on several examples with collocated observation and model results obtained in the X-Wakes project. The study puts particular focus on the large potential provided by the combination of different measurements and modelling techniques and gives recommendations for future developments of integrated approaches including the formulation of priorities.
{"title":"Coastal impacts on offshore wind farms – a review focussing on the German Bight area","authors":"J. Schulz-Stellenfleth, Stefan Emeis, M. Dörenkämper, J. Bange, B. Cañadillas, T. Neumann, J. Schneemann, Ines Weber, Kjell zum Berge, A. Platis, B. Djath, J. Gottschall, L. Vollmer, T. Rausch, Mares Barekzai, J. Hammel, G. Steinfeld, A. Lampert","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1109","url":null,"abstract":"The atmospheric boundary layer experiences multiple changes in coastal regions, especially with wind directions from land towards the sea, where the wind speed usually increases due to the smaller roughness of the ocean surface. These effects are of particular relevance for offshore wind energy utilization; they are summarized under the term coastal effects. This paper provides an overview of coastal effects and their potential impact on the operating conditions of offshore wind farms with a focus on the German Bight. Common numerical and experimental tools to study coastal effects and developing internal boundary layers (IBL) are introduced, and a review on the current state of research is given. The German Bight is an interesting example to illustrate impacts of coastal effects on offshore wind energy, because of the large number of wind turbines with a coastal distance of 100 km or less. Phenomena related to the stability of the boundary layer, like low level jets, are discussed. Spatial variations of vertical heat fluxes in the coastal zone related to variable water depths or Wadden Sea areas are analysed. The study illustrates that due to the increasing size of offshore wind farms, horizontal wind speed gradients caused by coastal effects can lead to significant wind variations within a single farm. Research topics which still need further attention are discussed in the framework of the rapidly developing wind energy sector with increasing wind turbine hub heights and rotor diameters as well as growing wind farm sizes. One example is the interaction of coastal effects with offshore wind farm wakes. The necessity to consider a large spectrum of spatial and temporal scales to understand and describe coastal effects is highlighted. We summarize modelling and observation tools, which are suitable for the investigation and prediction of the boundary layer dynamics in coastal areas. Existing applications and results are described based on several examples with collocated observation and model results obtained in the X-Wakes project. The study puts particular focus on the large potential provided by the combination of different measurements and modelling techniques and gives recommendations for future developments of integrated approaches including the formulation of priorities.","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44760301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Two Types of Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes on the Intensity of Typhoon Rammasun (2014)","authors":"Chenghui Ding, Jiangnan Li, Wen Feng","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63629879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Foken, K. Dethloff, D. Spänkuch, B. Tinz, M. Börngen
{"title":"A tribute to Peter Hupfer's 90th birthday","authors":"T. Foken, K. Dethloff, D. Spänkuch, B. Tinz, M. Börngen","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43923853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"150 Years: The Leipzig Meteorological Conference, 1872, A Milestone in International Meteorological Cooperation","authors":"M. Börngen, T. Foken","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42668870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of satellite-based (CHIRPS and GPM) and reanalysis (ERA5-Land) precipitation estimates over Eritrea","authors":"Mussie Fessehaye, J. Franke, S. Brönnimann","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44024697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kunz, C. Kottmeier, Wolfgang Lähne, I. Bertram, C. Ehmann
{"title":"The Karlsruhe temperature time series since 1779","authors":"M. Kunz, C. Kottmeier, Wolfgang Lähne, I. Bertram, C. Ehmann","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48416640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Urban, L. Kuchar, M. Kępińska-Kasprzak, E. Łaszyca
{"title":"A Climatic water balance variability during the growing season in Poland in the context of modern climate change","authors":"G. Urban, L. Kuchar, M. Kępińska-Kasprzak, E. Łaszyca","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48913457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Autarkic Wireless Sensor Network to Monitor Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations","authors":"Yann Büchau, B. van Kesteren, A. Platis, J. Bange","doi":"10.1127/metz/2022/1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2022/1125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49824,"journal":{"name":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42350097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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