Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917163
Prime Niyongabo, Ildephonse Sindayigaya
Any person is always in search of social well-being. However, despite this aspiration, all people still face different problems. Some of these come from his fellow human beings and in modern States, everyone must be protected from acts that infringe his rights and freedoms. To avoid arbitrariness, States have long established various institutions to promote and protect human rights. Indeed, the judiciary is the keystone but to be effective, one of the conditions that it must fulfill remains independence. Despite both international and national instruments advocating the independence of the judiciary, this issue remains problematic in Burundi as elsewhere. This article has been prepared to analyze the Burundian population's perception of the independence of judiciary power by highlighting different points of view from the diverse representative sample. Intellectuals especially politicians, lawyers, and judicial practitioners fully understand the concept of the independence of the judiciary, the provisions that guarantee it, and their factors while Unintellectual people are less familiar with it. Nevertheless, all the people met doubt the effectiveness of the independence of the judiciary if they
{"title":"The perception of the independence of the judiciary power in Burundian law: crossed views","authors":"Prime Niyongabo, Ildephonse Sindayigaya","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917163","url":null,"abstract":"Any person is always in search of social well-being. However, despite this aspiration, all people still face different problems. Some of these come from his fellow human beings and in modern States, everyone must be protected from acts that infringe his rights and freedoms. To avoid arbitrariness, States have long established various institutions to promote and protect human rights. Indeed, the judiciary is the keystone but to be effective, one of the conditions that it must fulfill remains independence. Despite both international and national instruments advocating the independence of the judiciary, this issue remains problematic in Burundi as elsewhere. This article has been prepared to analyze the Burundian population's perception of the independence of judiciary power by highlighting different points of view from the diverse representative sample. Intellectuals especially politicians, lawyers, and judicial practitioners fully understand the concept of the independence of the judiciary, the provisions that guarantee it, and their factors while Unintellectual people are less familiar with it. Nevertheless, all the people met doubt the effectiveness of the independence of the judiciary if they","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90427356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.918515
B. Deng, Jorge Duarte, C. Januário, N. Martins
This article reports on a study of the two-dimensional parameter space of a generalized time-reversible Nos´e-Hoover oscillator. Instead of considering its original form, whose study of the one-dimensional parameter space has recently received new insights, we examine the Nos´e-Hoover model slightly modified by using a new parameter (cid:15) to introduce a dissipative term to its energizing-damping variable. We use the maximum Lyapunov exponent to numerically characterize the chaotic dynamics of the model, at representative points of the two-dimensional parameter space, treating separately two dynamical regimes resulting from: (i) the effect of lower values of (cid:15) and (ii) the effect of higher values of (cid:15) . It is shown that, for higher values of the new dissipative parameter (cid:15) , the existence of chaotic behavior only prevails for the backwards dynamics.
{"title":"On the chaotic dynamics of a modified Nose-Hoover oscillator","authors":"B. Deng, Jorge Duarte, C. Januário, N. Martins","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.918515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.918515","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports on a study of the two-dimensional parameter space of a generalized time-reversible Nos´e-Hoover oscillator. Instead of considering its original form, whose study of the one-dimensional parameter space has recently received new insights, we examine the Nos´e-Hoover model slightly modified by using a new parameter (cid:15) to introduce a dissipative term to its energizing-damping variable. We use the maximum Lyapunov exponent to numerically characterize the chaotic dynamics of the model, at representative points of the two-dimensional parameter space, treating separately two dynamical regimes resulting from: (i) the effect of lower values of (cid:15) and (ii) the effect of higher values of (cid:15) . It is shown that, for higher values of the new dissipative parameter (cid:15) , the existence of chaotic behavior only prevails for the backwards dynamics.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86067693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917390
Mohiedeen Ahmed, A. Badawy, Essam El-Seidy, A. Gaber
In this paper we give some results on the direct product, subalgebras and homomorphisms of principal generalized MS -algebras from K 2 (briefly principal GK 2 -algebra). We reveal a connection between homomorphisms and direct products of principal GK 2 algebras. Besides, we provide some results on homomorphic images and homomorphic images inverse of subalgebras of principal GK 2 -algebras.
{"title":"On principal GK2-algebras","authors":"Mohiedeen Ahmed, A. Badawy, Essam El-Seidy, A. Gaber","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917390","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we give some results on the direct product, subalgebras and homomorphisms of principal generalized MS -algebras from K 2 (briefly principal GK 2 -algebra). We reveal a connection between homomorphisms and direct products of principal GK 2 algebras. Besides, we provide some results on homomorphic images and homomorphic images inverse of subalgebras of principal GK 2 -algebras.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77080957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917385
Pamphile Mpabansi
Burundi is overflowing with refugees, mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Most of them are fleeing insecurity in their country of origin. As required by the UNHCR Handbook on International Refugee Protection and the Strengthening of National Asylum Systems, these refugees are entitled to adequate reception conditions that meet their basic needs and provide them with a decent standard of living in terms of health and welfare, pending a final decision on their asylum claim. After the reception, they must file their asylum applications as soon as possible with the Burundian asylum authorities, namely the Consultative Commission for Foreigners and Refugees (CCER) and the Appeal Committee (CR). To determine refugee status, these two asylum bodies base themselves on legal instruments, international, regional and national ones. One wonders then which of these legal instruments is used more in the determination of refugee status in Burundi. The analysis focused on the origin of the asylum seekers, on the legal basis of reference in the motivation of the decision as well as on the link between the place of reception of these asylum seekers and the decision taken. To select these files, we took into account the date of arrival of the asylum seekers (old and new) and their country of origin. We used Word, Excel, and SPSS to process the data.
{"title":"The extent to which the 1969 organization of African Unity Convention is used concerning the 1951 Geneva Convention in determining the status of refugees in Burundi","authors":"Pamphile Mpabansi","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917385","url":null,"abstract":"Burundi is overflowing with refugees, mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Most of them are fleeing insecurity in their country of origin. As required by the UNHCR Handbook on International Refugee Protection and the Strengthening of National Asylum Systems, these refugees are entitled to adequate reception conditions that meet their basic needs and provide them with a decent standard of living in terms of health and welfare, pending a final decision on their asylum claim. After the reception, they must file their asylum applications as soon as possible with the Burundian asylum authorities, namely the Consultative Commission for Foreigners and Refugees (CCER) and the Appeal Committee (CR). To determine refugee status, these two asylum bodies base themselves on legal instruments, international, regional and national ones. One wonders then which of these legal instruments is used more in the determination of refugee status in Burundi. The analysis focused on the origin of the asylum seekers, on the legal basis of reference in the motivation of the decision as well as on the link between the place of reception of these asylum seekers and the decision taken. To select these files, we took into account the date of arrival of the asylum seekers (old and new) and their country of origin. We used Word, Excel, and SPSS to process the data.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84020907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917125
Denise Kavira Masingo
In the Democratic Republic, as elsewhere, agriculture is a sector exposed to climate change. Its importance in the socio-economic balance of households is not to be denied. Atmospheric changes and rainfall instability keep agriculture exposed to climate stress and its consequences. Captured through exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, vulnerability is nothing more than a predisposition to experience damage. The exposure of agriculture in the sense of vulnerability is of two kinds. It is both intrinsic and extrinsic. This refers to the conceptual definition that vulnerability is both a factor specific to agriculture and a characteristic of the farmer himself. In addition to the sector, there are the socio-demographic and economic characteristics of each farmer. This article assesses the moderating role of associative dynamics on the coping strategies and level of vulnerability of farmers in the highland area of the Baswagha Chiefdom, in Lubero territory, Democratic Republic of Congo. The data presented are from a survey of 409 heads of households in 5 groups. The results are such that associative dynamics modify the direction of the relationship between coping strategies and vulnerability of farmers, who are exposed at 62.05%; sensitive at 57.54%; have a coping capacity of 35.45%, and are, therefore, vulnerable at 38.36%.
{"title":"Coping strategies and vulnerability of farmers under the moderating effect of associative dynamics: empirical evidence from farmers in the highland zone of the Baswagha chiefdom in the Lubero territory","authors":"Denise Kavira Masingo","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917125","url":null,"abstract":"In the Democratic Republic, as elsewhere, agriculture is a sector exposed to climate change. Its importance in the socio-economic balance of households is not to be denied. Atmospheric changes and rainfall instability keep agriculture exposed to climate stress and its consequences. Captured through exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, vulnerability is nothing more than a predisposition to experience damage. The exposure of agriculture in the sense of vulnerability is of two kinds. It is both intrinsic and extrinsic. This refers to the conceptual definition that vulnerability is both a factor specific to agriculture and a characteristic of the farmer himself. In addition to the sector, there are the socio-demographic and economic characteristics of each farmer. This article assesses the moderating role of associative dynamics on the coping strategies and level of vulnerability of farmers in the highland area of the Baswagha Chiefdom, in Lubero territory, Democratic Republic of Congo. The data presented are from a survey of 409 heads of households in 5 groups. The results are such that associative dynamics modify the direction of the relationship between coping strategies and vulnerability of farmers, who are exposed at 62.05%; sensitive at 57.54%; have a coping capacity of 35.45%, and are, therefore, vulnerable at 38.36%.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80645290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917467
M. Aliano, Lucianna Cananà, T. Ciano, M. Ferrara, S. Ragni
In this paper we perform the stability analysis of the risk-free equilibrium point which characterizes a financial contagion dynamics. The model is formulated in the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered approach by employing an analogy between economic sectors and ecosystems. The
{"title":"A nonlinear dynamics for risk contagion: analyzing the not risk-free equilibrium","authors":"M. Aliano, Lucianna Cananà, T. Ciano, M. Ferrara, S. Ragni","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917467","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we perform the stability analysis of the risk-free equilibrium point which characterizes a financial contagion dynamics. The model is formulated in the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered approach by employing an analogy between economic sectors and ecosystems. The","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88331289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917389
Anamika Sharma, Geetanjali Sharma
Cap and trade can be effective in reducing emissions and promoting sustainability by providing a clear measurable target and a flexible, market-based mechanism for achieving that target. In this paper, demand is taken as selling price dependent. The effect of inflation is also taken into consideration. We developed a sustainable inventory model with a cap-and-trade policy. The model aims to find the optimal inventory level for a retailer that balances economic sustainability and environmental responsibilities. By considering the cost of carbon emissions and the financial impact of inventory levels on the company, the model helps managers make informed decisions about inventory control that support both economic and environmental goals. The numerical illustration is carried out by using the software Mathematica 12.0. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to see the behavior of different parameters on an optimal solution.
{"title":"Sustainable inventory model with price dependent demand under cap-and-trade policy","authors":"Anamika Sharma, Geetanjali Sharma","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917389","url":null,"abstract":"Cap and trade can be effective in reducing emissions and promoting sustainability by providing a clear measurable target and a flexible, market-based mechanism for achieving that target. In this paper, demand is taken as selling price dependent. The effect of inflation is also taken into consideration. We developed a sustainable inventory model with a cap-and-trade policy. The model aims to find the optimal inventory level for a retailer that balances economic sustainability and environmental responsibilities. By considering the cost of carbon emissions and the financial impact of inventory levels on the company, the model helps managers make informed decisions about inventory control that support both economic and environmental goals. The numerical illustration is carried out by using the software Mathematica 12.0. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to see the behavior of different parameters on an optimal solution.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83576965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.918528
Meiyang Zhang, Jingli Xie, Hongli Guo
In this paper, we consider a predator-prey model with fear effect, cooperation, stage structure and refuge. The local stability and Hopf bifurcation of positive equilibrium point with time delay as parameter are discussed under different conditions of time delay. When the time delay is equal to the critical value, Hopf bifurcation occurs at the positive equilibrium point of the model. Finally, the previous findings are verified by numerical simulation.
{"title":"The impact of fear effect on the dynamics of a double delays predator-prey model with stage structure, cooperation and refuge","authors":"Meiyang Zhang, Jingli Xie, Hongli Guo","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.918528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.918528","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider a predator-prey model with fear effect, cooperation, stage structure and refuge. The local stability and Hopf bifurcation of positive equilibrium point with time delay as parameter are discussed under different conditions of time delay. When the time delay is equal to the critical value, Hopf bifurcation occurs at the positive equilibrium point of the model. Finally, the previous findings are verified by numerical simulation.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Connectivity as the Essential Physics of Disordered Systems Elements of Percolation Theory Characterization of Porous Media Earthquakes, and Fracture and Fault in Patterns in Heterogeneous Rock Single-Phase Flow in Reservoir Rock Hydrodynamic Dispersion and Groundwater Flow in Rock Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media Transport, Reaction, and Deposition in Evolving Porous Media Fractal Diffusion and Reaction Kinetics Vibrations and Density of States of Disordered Materials Structural, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of Branched Polymers and Gels Morphological and Transport Properties of Composite Media Hopping Conductivity of Semiconductors Percolation in Biological Systems.
{"title":"Applications of Percolation Theory","authors":"M. Sahini, M. Sahimi","doi":"10.1201/9781482272444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482272444","url":null,"abstract":"Connectivity as the Essential Physics of Disordered Systems Elements of Percolation Theory Characterization of Porous Media Earthquakes, and Fracture and Fault in Patterns in Heterogeneous Rock Single-Phase Flow in Reservoir Rock Hydrodynamic Dispersion and Groundwater Flow in Rock Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media Transport, Reaction, and Deposition in Evolving Porous Media Fractal Diffusion and Reaction Kinetics Vibrations and Density of States of Disordered Materials Structural, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of Branched Polymers and Gels Morphological and Transport Properties of Composite Media Hopping Conductivity of Semiconductors Percolation in Biological Systems.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78954658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.12988/ams.2023.917395
Min-Jen Jou, Jenq-Jong Lin, Guan-Yu Lin
A set D of vertices of G is an independent dominating set if no two vertices of D are adjacent and every vertex not in D is adjacent to at lest one vertex in D . The independent domination number of a graph G , denoted by i ( G ), is the minimum cardinality of an independent dominating set in G . A unicyclic graph is a connected graph containing exactly one cycle. For k ≥ 1, let H ( k ) be the set of unicyclic graphs H satisfying i ( H ) = k . In this paper, we provide a constructive characterization of H ( k ) for all k ≥ 1.
{"title":"A characterization of unicyclic graphs with the same independent domination number","authors":"Min-Jen Jou, Jenq-Jong Lin, Guan-Yu Lin","doi":"10.12988/ams.2023.917395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2023.917395","url":null,"abstract":"A set D of vertices of G is an independent dominating set if no two vertices of D are adjacent and every vertex not in D is adjacent to at lest one vertex in D . The independent domination number of a graph G , denoted by i ( G ), is the minimum cardinality of an independent dominating set in G . A unicyclic graph is a connected graph containing exactly one cycle. For k ≥ 1, let H ( k ) be the set of unicyclic graphs H satisfying i ( H ) = k . In this paper, we provide a constructive characterization of H ( k ) for all k ≥ 1.","PeriodicalId":49860,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88950387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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