Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-350-358
Sergey Kurasov
The economic and social development of Italian fascism lasted from 1913 to the early 1940s. It was fueled by the common economic interests of business elite and right-wing organizations, who combined their efforts to exploit the working class, reduce production costs, and maximize profits. The big business provided financial support for fascist organizations, thus shaping their policy. The legal acts adopted during the transitional period declared the inter-class peace, the mediating role of the state between employees and private business, and the supremacy of national interests. However, the same laws strengthened the economic monopolization, prevented trade unions, and limited economic, political, and social rights of the working class. The resulting corporate state model established a rigid framework for medium and small business, as well as hired workers. Although the state propaganda portrayed the state as a mediator between the worker and the employer, Italian state institutions actually protected the interests of the big business and were formed by it.
{"title":"Socio-Economic and Legal Aspects of the Formation of Italian Fascism in the First Half of the XX Century","authors":"Sergey Kurasov","doi":"10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-350-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-350-358","url":null,"abstract":"The economic and social development of Italian fascism lasted from 1913 to the early 1940s. It was fueled by the common economic interests of business elite and right-wing organizations, who combined their efforts to exploit the working class, reduce production costs, and maximize profits. The big business provided financial support for fascist organizations, thus shaping their policy. The legal acts adopted during the transitional period declared the inter-class peace, the mediating role of the state between employees and private business, and the supremacy of national interests. However, the same laws strengthened the economic monopolization, prevented trade unions, and limited economic, political, and social rights of the working class. The resulting corporate state model established a rigid framework for medium and small business, as well as hired workers. Although the state propaganda portrayed the state as a mediator between the worker and the employer, Italian state institutions actually protected the interests of the big business and were formed by it.","PeriodicalId":498995,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriâ: gumanitarnye i obŝestvennye nauki","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135833163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-298-309
Sergey Nenilin
Single-industry urban settlements often experience a lack of qualified specialists for their key enterprises. Therefore, professional identification should start at school and be based on a scientifically organized interaction between local education facilities and local industrial enterprises. The authors identified, developed, and tested pedagogical conditions that contribute to career counselling in single-industry urban schools. They developed a digital resource called Proffuture42.rf that modeled informational and academic environment of a single-industry town. The platform united programs of extracurricular activities, additional general education, and career guidance developed by urban education institutions for schoolchildren of various age groups. Education facilities and their industrial partners were able to interact in the form of network training. The research revealed a number of possibilities for industrial organizations and social services to participate in the process of professional identification development. The pedagogical experiment involved observation and questioning. The survey results were subjected to mathematical processing. By monitoring the qualitative changes, the platform was able to facilitate the pedagogical support of career counselling in a single-industry town.
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Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-366-373
Kseniya Ershova
The current concept of criminal liability offers a very vague idea about the purposes of punishing a legal entity. This research featured the existing purposes of punishment, as well as contemporary theoretical foundations behind the criminal liability and sentencing of legal entities. The authors developed a theoretical understanding of the purposes of punishment specified in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation to adapt them to the introduction of a criminal liability institution aimed specifically at legal entities. The research objective was to substantiate the possibility of implementing the existing purposes of criminal punishment in relation to legal entities. The study methods included formal-logical and comparative-legal methods of scientific cognition, as well as conventional analysis and synthesis. The authors believe that legal entities could face such purposes of punishment as the restoration of social justice, the correction of the offender, and general or specific prevention, depending on the activity of the legal entity. Legal entities involved in organized crime should be subjected to specific prevention. Legal entities that violate their statutory activities could be subjected to all the purposes of criminal punishment, which may lead to their eventual correction.
{"title":"Legal Entity in Criminal Law: Purposes of Punishment","authors":"Kseniya Ershova","doi":"10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-366-373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2023-7-3-366-373","url":null,"abstract":"The current concept of criminal liability offers a very vague idea about the purposes of punishing a legal entity. This research featured the existing purposes of punishment, as well as contemporary theoretical foundations behind the criminal liability and sentencing of legal entities. The authors developed a theoretical understanding of the purposes of punishment specified in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation to adapt them to the introduction of a criminal liability institution aimed specifically at legal entities. The research objective was to substantiate the possibility of implementing the existing purposes of criminal punishment in relation to legal entities. The study methods included formal-logical and comparative-legal methods of scientific cognition, as well as conventional analysis and synthesis. The authors believe that legal entities could face such purposes of punishment as the restoration of social justice, the correction of the offender, and general or specific prevention, depending on the activity of the legal entity. Legal entities involved in organized crime should be subjected to specific prevention. Legal entities that violate their statutory activities could be subjected to all the purposes of criminal punishment, which may lead to their eventual correction.","PeriodicalId":498995,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriâ: gumanitarnye i obŝestvennye nauki","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135833345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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