Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.56903/kasmera.5038190
Y. Carrero, Mike Contreras
{"title":"Brote de la viruela del mono de 1970 al 2022: ¿Un nuevo peligro?","authors":"Y. Carrero, Mike Contreras","doi":"10.56903/kasmera.5038190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56903/kasmera.5038190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"362 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89883066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.56903/kasmera.5037201
G. Velásquez-Serra, Ana María Ramírez-Hescker, Roberto Darwin Coello-Peralta, Patricia Elizabeth Molleda-Martínez
La altitud o pisos altitudinales es una variable asociada con la climatología que influye en la prevalencia de enfermedades tropicales desatendidas. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de campo, documental y de corte transversal, durante enero a julio de 2021. Las mayores prevalencias de infección se registraron en la región costa con altitudes entre 0-350 msnm. Para Dengue, las provincias de Guayas (60,25%) y Manabí (21,63%) mostraron mayor prevalencia. Para Chagas, la provincia de El Oro (13,3%). Para Leishmaniosis, Esmeraldas (11,43%). Para Cisticercosis, Pichincha (4,99%) y para Geohelmintiasis, Zamora-Chinchipe (74%). Se encontró transmisión de Dengue por encima de los 1600 msnm. Chagas se registró en Pichincha, Loja y Sucumbíos sobre los 2200 msnm. Para Lepra, no existen registros actualizados. Las condiciones climáticas favorecen la infectividad y dispersión de los huevos de Cisticercosis. Se encontró correlación significativa y positiva (P<0,01) entre la altitud y la prevalencia de las patologías estudiadas. La altitud podría constituirse en una variable predictiva de importancia significativa para desarrollar estrategias eficientes de monitoreo, vigilancia y prevención de estas patologías
{"title":"Pisos altitudinales y su relación con la Prevalencia de Infección de las Enfermedades Tropicales Desatendidas del Ecuador. Revisión Sistemática","authors":"G. Velásquez-Serra, Ana María Ramírez-Hescker, Roberto Darwin Coello-Peralta, Patricia Elizabeth Molleda-Martínez","doi":"10.56903/kasmera.5037201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56903/kasmera.5037201","url":null,"abstract":"La altitud o pisos altitudinales es una variable asociada con la climatología que influye en la prevalencia de enfermedades tropicales desatendidas. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de campo, documental y de corte transversal, durante enero a julio de 2021. Las mayores prevalencias de infección se registraron en la región costa con altitudes entre 0-350 msnm. Para Dengue, las provincias de Guayas (60,25%) y Manabí (21,63%) mostraron mayor prevalencia. Para Chagas, la provincia de El Oro (13,3%). Para Leishmaniosis, Esmeraldas (11,43%). Para Cisticercosis, Pichincha (4,99%) y para Geohelmintiasis, Zamora-Chinchipe (74%). Se encontró transmisión de Dengue por encima de los 1600 msnm. Chagas se registró en Pichincha, Loja y Sucumbíos sobre los 2200 msnm. Para Lepra, no existen registros actualizados. Las condiciones climáticas favorecen la infectividad y dispersión de los huevos de Cisticercosis. Se encontró correlación significativa y positiva (P<0,01) entre la altitud y la prevalencia de las patologías estudiadas. La altitud podría constituirse en una variable predictiva de importancia significativa para desarrollar estrategias eficientes de monitoreo, vigilancia y prevención de estas patologías","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76357211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.5281/10.5281/ZENODO.5090568
J. V. Pulgarin, Melissa Rojas Jaramillo, Katherin Yuliana Gomez Castaño
Leishmaniasis comprises a group of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania transmitted by the bite of a hematophagous vector insect. This complex group of diseases depending on the infecting Leishmania species and the host's immune system, can cause ulcerative skin lesions, disfiguring muco-cutaneous lesions, to a visceral form causing death. The main tool in the treatment of the different clinical forms of leishmaniasis have been pentavalent antimonials in doses of 20 mg / kg per day for 20 days with an efficacy close to 85%. This treatment is painful and highly toxic, many patients do not finish the treatment, which favors the reactivation of the lesion, the compromise in the mucosa and the appearance of resistance. In this sense, it is intended that one of the treatments for skin lesions be applied topically, however, to date this treatment does not exist. In this work, a review has been carried out on the preclinical and clinical trials of topical treatments for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the databases "Lilacs and pubmed", having 36 articles for the total review and finding an efficiency in most of them
利什曼病包括由利什曼属原生动物寄生虫引起的一组疾病，通过吸血病媒昆虫的叮咬传播。这组复杂的疾病取决于感染利什曼原虫的种类和宿主的免疫系统，可引起溃疡性皮肤病变、皮肤粘膜病变毁容，直至内脏形式导致死亡。治疗不同临床形式利什曼病的主要工具是五价锑，剂量为每天20毫克/公斤，持续20天，疗效接近85%。这种治疗是痛苦和高毒性的，许多患者没有完成治疗，这有利于病变的重新激活，粘膜的妥协和耐药性的出现。在这个意义上，它的目的之一是治疗皮肤病变局部应用，然而，迄今为止这种治疗不存在。本文对“Lilacs and pubmed”数据库中关于皮肤利什曼病局部治疗的临床前和临床试验进行了综述，共综述了36篇文章，发现其中大部分是有效的
{"title":"Tratamientos tópicos para la leishmaniasis cutánea: una revisión narrativa, con búsqueda sistemática de la bibliografía","authors":"J. V. Pulgarin, Melissa Rojas Jaramillo, Katherin Yuliana Gomez Castaño","doi":"10.5281/10.5281/ZENODO.5090568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/10.5281/ZENODO.5090568","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis comprises a group of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania transmitted by the bite of a hematophagous vector insect. This complex group of diseases depending on the infecting Leishmania species and the host's immune system, can cause ulcerative skin lesions, disfiguring muco-cutaneous lesions, to a visceral form causing death. The main tool in the treatment of the different clinical forms of leishmaniasis have been pentavalent antimonials in doses of 20 mg / kg per day for 20 days with an efficacy close to 85%. This treatment is painful and highly toxic, many patients do not finish the treatment, which favors the reactivation of the lesion, the compromise in the mucosa and the appearance of resistance. In this sense, it is intended that one of the treatments for skin lesions be applied topically, however, to date this treatment does not exist. In this work, a review has been carried out on the preclinical and clinical trials of topical treatments for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the databases \"Lilacs and pubmed\", having 36 articles for the total review and finding an efficiency in most of them","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89829392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vianellys Hernández, Carlos Rodríguez-Leo, Indira Aponte, Ana Colangelo, Sandra Abou-Orm, Luis Pérez-Ybarra, Elianne Useche, Mercedes Viettri
{"title":"Identificación de Staphylococcus aureus y determinación de su resistencia a antimicrobianos en aves psitácidas en cautiverio y en sus cuidadores (Venezuela)","authors":"Vianellys Hernández, Carlos Rodríguez-Leo, Indira Aponte, Ana Colangelo, Sandra Abou-Orm, Luis Pérez-Ybarra, Elianne Useche, Mercedes Viettri","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.5089734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5089734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. V. Pulgarin, C. Restrepo, Diana Marcela Giraldo-Ochoa
{"title":"La utilidad del Filmarray como método diagnóstico de la meningitis en pediatría; Una revisión.","authors":"J. V. Pulgarin, C. Restrepo, Diana Marcela Giraldo-Ochoa","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4307918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4307918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84195575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johan Carlos Linares-Artigas, Jennifer Lucila Gotera-Zambrano, José Francisco Estraño-Villanueva, Hans Rafael Bermúdez-Aguillon
The use of a catheter as vascular access compared to the arteriovenous fistula is associated with an important risk factor in the development of infectious complications. Hemodialysis catheters are considered to represent the greatest risk of bacteremia, sepsis and death compared to other vascular accesses.
{"title":"Infecciones asociadas al catéter de hemodiálisis en pacientes nefrópatas","authors":"Johan Carlos Linares-Artigas, Jennifer Lucila Gotera-Zambrano, José Francisco Estraño-Villanueva, Hans Rafael Bermúdez-Aguillon","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4271376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4271376","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a catheter as vascular access compared to the arteriovenous fistula is associated with an important risk factor in the development of infectious complications. Hemodialysis catheters are considered to represent the greatest risk of bacteremia, sepsis and death compared to other vascular accesses.","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76937463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
políticas revisión, las medidas de bioseguridad implementarse los laboratorios de anatomía patológica pandemia actual de COVID-19. Abstract World Health Organization in its laboratory biosafety manual, classifies infectious agents into 4 risk groups ranging from level 1 to 4, these levels provide a series of procedures for the protection of laboratory personnel. After the risk assessment, SARS-CoV-2 is a pathogenic virus with a high mortality rate and a problem for public health, which has been classified in risk group level 3. Surgical pathology and cytology activities typical of pathology laboratories are carried out under a biosafety level 2, due to the classification of SARS-CoV-2 within risk group 3, it is necessary to reinforce security measures to protect personnel, these laboratories play an important role in histopathological diagnosis, providing information on the pathophysiology of the disease and the mechanisms that lead to the death of patients; which will make it possible to improve the treatment of the disease and design effective public health policies. This review describes the biosecurity measures that must be implemented in pathology laboratories during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
políticas revisión, las medidas de biosecuridad implementarusilos labororios de anatomía patológica实际的COVID-19大流行。世界卫生组织在其实验室生物安全手册中，将感染性病原体分为1 - 4级4个危险组，这些级别为实验室人员的保护提供了一系列程序。经风险评估，SARS-CoV-2为致病性高、危害公共卫生的病毒，属于风险组3级。典型的病理实验室的外科病理和细胞学活动在生物安全级别2下进行，由于SARS-CoV-2属于风险组3，因此有必要加强安全措施以保护人员，这些实验室在组织病理学诊断中发挥重要作用，提供疾病的病理生理学和导致患者死亡的机制的信息;这将使改善疾病的治疗和设计有效的公共卫生政策成为可能。本综述描述了在当前COVID-19大流行期间病理实验室必须实施的生物安全措施。
{"title":"Bioseguridad en los laboratorios de patología; pandemia COVID-19. Revisión narrativa","authors":"W. Vásquez-Bonilla, H. Silva-Cárcamo","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4053657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4053657","url":null,"abstract":"políticas revisión, las medidas de bioseguridad implementarse los laboratorios de anatomía patológica pandemia actual de COVID-19. Abstract World Health Organization in its laboratory biosafety manual, classifies infectious agents into 4 risk groups ranging from level 1 to 4, these levels provide a series of procedures for the protection of laboratory personnel. After the risk assessment, SARS-CoV-2 is a pathogenic virus with a high mortality rate and a problem for public health, which has been classified in risk group level 3. Surgical pathology and cytology activities typical of pathology laboratories are carried out under a biosafety level 2, due to the classification of SARS-CoV-2 within risk group 3, it is necessary to reinforce security measures to protect personnel, these laboratories play an important role in histopathological diagnosis, providing information on the pathophysiology of the disease and the mechanisms that lead to the death of patients; which will make it possible to improve the treatment of the disease and design effective public health policies. This review describes the biosecurity measures that must be implemented in pathology laboratories during the current COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88803029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luisa C. González-Ramírez, Félix Falconí-Ontaneda, Mishell C Yaucén-Rodríguez, Cristian F Romero-Zapata, Paúl Parra-Mayorga, C. A. García-Ríos, José G Prato-Moreno
{"title":"Dispersión hídrica de enteroparásitos en una zona agropecuaria de gran altitud, en Los Andes Ecuatorianos","authors":"Luisa C. González-Ramírez, Félix Falconí-Ontaneda, Mishell C Yaucén-Rodríguez, Cristian F Romero-Zapata, Paúl Parra-Mayorga, C. A. García-Ríos, José G Prato-Moreno","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.3938528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3938528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73913291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Actualmente nos encontramos en medio de una pandemia originada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 Esta enfermedad ha afectado a mas de 10 millones de personas y causado mas de 519 000 muertes a nivel mundial generando un gran impacto economico y sanitario, sobre todo en paises en vias de desarrollo como los de America Latina (1) El SARS-CoV-2 pertenece a la familia de los Coronaviridae y esta compuesto por una cadena simple de ARN en sentido positivo Posee diversas proteinas estructurales, siendo la glicoproteina (S) la mas importante, ya que permite la union con la celula huesped por medio del receptor de la enzima conversora de angiotensina 2 (ACE2) (2)
{"title":"Ivermectina: ¿La respuesta de Latinoamérica frente al SARS-CoV-2?","authors":"R. R. Echeverría, J. H. Sueyoshi, O. J. Caceres","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.3929768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929768","url":null,"abstract":"Actualmente nos encontramos en medio de una pandemia originada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 Esta enfermedad ha afectado a mas de 10 millones de personas y causado mas de 519 000 muertes a nivel mundial generando un gran impacto economico y sanitario, sobre todo en paises en vias de desarrollo como los de America Latina (1) El SARS-CoV-2 pertenece a la familia de los Coronaviridae y esta compuesto por una cadena simple de ARN en sentido positivo Posee diversas proteinas estructurales, siendo la glicoproteina (S) la mas importante, ya que permite la union con la celula huesped por medio del receptor de la enzima conversora de angiotensina 2 (ACE2) (2)","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"132 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78799193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En enero de 2020, el agente etiologico responsable de un grupo de casos de neumonia grave en Wuhan, China, fue identificado como un nuevo Betacoronavirus (2019-nCoV), el cual mostraba marcadas diferencias del SARS-CoV y MERS-CoV, los cuales compartian homologia con la secuencia descrita en murcielagos, los cuales se definieron como hospedadores o reservorios naturales, otros estudios senalaron como hospedador intermediario al pangolin, dejando eslabones inciertos en la historia evolutiva del virus A la fecha diversos laboratorios ya han identificado la secuencia genomica completa de este nuevo agente encontrando deleciones en regiones codificantes y no codificantes, permitiendo el desarrollo de diferentes protocolos y modalidades diagnosticas, aunque algunas de ellas aun no se han validado por completo Existen ciertas divergencias en cuanto a la biologia y comportamiento del virus, rapida evolucion, componentes geneticos, variabilidad en las caracteristicas clinicas, inmunidad y patologias asociadas, las cuales han complicado el manejo de la pandemia, pues el virus pareciera comportarse de diversas formas segun el area geografica, grupo etario, protocolos terapeuticos y medidas de contencion adoptadas
{"title":"Pandemia SARS Cov-2: Situación actual y perspectivas futuras","authors":"Y. Carrero","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.3902370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3902370","url":null,"abstract":"En enero de 2020, el agente etiologico responsable de un grupo de casos de neumonia grave en Wuhan, China, fue identificado como un nuevo Betacoronavirus (2019-nCoV), el cual mostraba marcadas diferencias del SARS-CoV y MERS-CoV, los cuales compartian homologia con la secuencia descrita en murcielagos, los cuales se definieron como hospedadores o reservorios naturales, otros estudios senalaron como hospedador intermediario al pangolin, dejando eslabones inciertos en la historia evolutiva del virus A la fecha diversos laboratorios ya han identificado la secuencia genomica completa de este nuevo agente encontrando deleciones en regiones codificantes y no codificantes, permitiendo el desarrollo de diferentes protocolos y modalidades diagnosticas, aunque algunas de ellas aun no se han validado por completo Existen ciertas divergencias en cuanto a la biologia y comportamiento del virus, rapida evolucion, componentes geneticos, variabilidad en las caracteristicas clinicas, inmunidad y patologias asociadas, las cuales han complicado el manejo de la pandemia, pues el virus pareciera comportarse de diversas formas segun el area geografica, grupo etario, protocolos terapeuticos y medidas de contencion adoptadas","PeriodicalId":49944,"journal":{"name":"Kasmera","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85733779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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