Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.172
Khan Mohammad AZIZ, Muhammad Zahir ZAHED
The Pashto language encompasses a rich array of legendary terminology, with numerous words employed by past leaders that include both mythological and metaphorical connotations. In addition to their surface-level significance, a significant proportion of phrases within the Pashto language are employed to convey a secondary, or intrinsic, meaning like ‘Diwali Xaro ‘Bird of wall’. If we explain this kind of term, (Diwali Shiro) means the beautiful girls of the neighborhood. De Aasman Kat, "The Sky Bed." When elucidating the word "De Aasman Kat," it denotes an individual who resides within a realm of fantasy, wherein they inhabit an imaginative and non-existent world, persistently engrossed in fanciful musings and reverie. This individual may exhibit a tendency to disregard the practicalities of existence and instead engage in a deep involvement with their imaginative realm. This behavior can be attributed to individuals seeking to avoid unpleasant realities or distressing experiences, or alternatively, it may stem from a desire to engage in creative endeavors and construct novel narratives and realms.
Language serves as a significant tool for comprehension and communication, and folklore assumes a substantial role in the process of societal advancement. Significant contributions have been made in the domain of Pashto folklore, resulting in the compilation of many literary works. The motif has been observed in both poetic and prose literary works. The early and later works of Pashto literature encompass a plethora of folkloric compositions. Pashto grammar books serve as valuable resources for illustrating grammatical concepts, often incorporating elements of folklore within their textual content.
{"title":"Analysis of folkloric terms in Pashto language","authors":"Khan Mohammad AZIZ, Muhammad Zahir ZAHED","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.172","url":null,"abstract":"The Pashto language encompasses a rich array of legendary terminology, with numerous words employed by past leaders that include both mythological and metaphorical connotations. In addition to their surface-level significance, a significant proportion of phrases within the Pashto language are employed to convey a secondary, or intrinsic, meaning like ‘Diwali Xaro ‘Bird of wall’. If we explain this kind of term, (Diwali Shiro) means the beautiful girls of the neighborhood. De Aasman Kat, \"The Sky Bed.\" When elucidating the word \"De Aasman Kat,\" it denotes an individual who resides within a realm of fantasy, wherein they inhabit an imaginative and non-existent world, persistently engrossed in fanciful musings and reverie. This individual may exhibit a tendency to disregard the practicalities of existence and instead engage in a deep involvement with their imaginative realm. This behavior can be attributed to individuals seeking to avoid unpleasant realities or distressing experiences, or alternatively, it may stem from a desire to engage in creative endeavors and construct novel narratives and realms.
 Language serves as a significant tool for comprehension and communication, and folklore assumes a substantial role in the process of societal advancement. Significant contributions have been made in the domain of Pashto folklore, resulting in the compilation of many literary works. The motif has been observed in both poetic and prose literary works. The early and later works of Pashto literature encompass a plethora of folkloric compositions. Pashto grammar books serve as valuable resources for illustrating grammatical concepts, often incorporating elements of folklore within their textual content.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135147885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.170
Pramod Kumar Dash
Kāma or desire is the psychic pursuit of attaining any goal. This psychic pursuit is also known as kāmanā in the text of the Bhagavat Gitā. In most all Indian scriptures kama or kāmanā has been considered as the root cause of suffering and at the same time it is strongly admired that kāma is one of the Purusāthas or the values of human life. The word ‘nishkāma’ is generally construed as desireless action. But this seems absurd how can there be any action or creation without initiating a desire. So, desire is a must. So, the concept ‘nishkāma’ should be interpreted in the broad sense of attachment. We must have desires, but we should control our overriding attachment for such desires which leads to pain and suffering in our practical life. Similarly, the word ‘samkalpa’ has also double meaning as described in our scriptures. Sankalpa may mean as bounden desires which lead to the chain of desires and it also means as strong determined desire for perfection. A dialectical understanding can have an assess for the reconciliation of kāma and nishkāma in order to have the best transformation of sankalpa in our personality.
{"title":"DIALECTICAL UNDERSTANDING OF KᾹMA, NISHKᾹMA AND SANKALPA","authors":"Pramod Kumar Dash","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.170","url":null,"abstract":"Kāma or desire is the psychic pursuit of attaining any goal. This psychic pursuit is also known as kāmanā in the text of the Bhagavat Gitā. In most all Indian scriptures kama or kāmanā has been considered as the root cause of suffering and at the same time it is strongly admired that kāma is one of the Purusāthas or the values of human life. The word ‘nishkāma’ is generally construed as desireless action. But this seems absurd how can there be any action or creation without initiating a desire. So, desire is a must. So, the concept ‘nishkāma’ should be interpreted in the broad sense of attachment. We must have desires, but we should control our overriding attachment for such desires which leads to pain and suffering in our practical life. Similarly, the word ‘samkalpa’ has also double meaning as described in our scriptures. Sankalpa may mean as bounden desires which lead to the chain of desires and it also means as strong determined desire for perfection. A dialectical understanding can have an assess for the reconciliation of kāma and nishkāma in order to have the best transformation of sankalpa in our personality.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.169
Afifa Khan, Sukanto Roy
This paper aims to assess the different methods for students to implement newly acquired vocabulary in an academic context, while simultaneously discussing the strategies teachers can follow to guide them, by exploring the driving theories behind contextual learning in SLA. Both qualitative and quantitative data were obtained in order to ensure optimal results. For the primary data, a survey containing a series of inquiries was given out to tertiary-level students and for the teachers, a series of one-to-one interviews were held from three differently ranked universities, in order to collect adequate data. For the secondary data collection, a staggering number of peer-reviewed journal articles were used. The results show that learners can overcome the challenges by self-motivating themselves to practice implementing retained vocabulary in the context of their ongoing academics, cooperating with their peers, and using technology within or outside the classroom. Additionally, the teachers should better facilitate their students by identifying the best teaching methodologies based on the pre-existing background knowledge and skill level of each of the students.
{"title":"Implementation of Contextual Vocabulary at the Tertiary Level: Learner and Instructor Perspective","authors":"Afifa Khan, Sukanto Roy","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i10.169","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to assess the different methods for students to implement newly acquired vocabulary in an academic context, while simultaneously discussing the strategies teachers can follow to guide them, by exploring the driving theories behind contextual learning in SLA. Both qualitative and quantitative data were obtained in order to ensure optimal results. For the primary data, a survey containing a series of inquiries was given out to tertiary-level students and for the teachers, a series of one-to-one interviews were held from three differently ranked universities, in order to collect adequate data. For the secondary data collection, a staggering number of peer-reviewed journal articles were used. The results show that learners can overcome the challenges by self-motivating themselves to practice implementing retained vocabulary in the context of their ongoing academics, cooperating with their peers, and using technology within or outside the classroom. Additionally, the teachers should better facilitate their students by identifying the best teaching methodologies based on the pre-existing background knowledge and skill level of each of the students.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135303750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-24DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.127
Khalilullah Farzam
Gottlob Frege, in order to explain the relationship between language and reality, believes that in addition to the subjective meaning and external reference of words, related to the words and signs in their entirety, there is also a third thing that expresses how the words designate or stand for external references. Frege calls this third phenomenon the sense of words. Sense is the mode of presentation of reference which is designated by a proper name. Sense contrary to meaning, which is subjective and personal, is an objective and external matter that everyone can enjoy or access to it. Frege’s theory will be examined in this article with the aim of showing how the theory is incomplete. Besides the fact that there is an inconsistency in his view concerning the nature of meaning (Frege considers sense sometimes objective and on other occasions something imaginary.), his argument to prove the objectivity of sense is unsuccessful. Even if we accept his assumption of the objectivity of sense, Frege cannot drive the problem of psychologism out of the path of human knowledge. That is, Frege fails to achieve its original objective; proving that psychologism is wrong.
{"title":"Frege’s Theory of Proper Names","authors":"Khalilullah Farzam","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.127","url":null,"abstract":"Gottlob Frege, in order to explain the relationship between language and reality, believes that in addition to the subjective meaning and external reference of words, related to the words and signs in their entirety, there is also a third thing that expresses how the words designate or stand for external references. Frege calls this third phenomenon the sense of words. Sense is the mode of presentation of reference which is designated by a proper name. Sense contrary to meaning, which is subjective and personal, is an objective and external matter that everyone can enjoy or access to it. Frege’s theory will be examined in this article with the aim of showing how the theory is incomplete. Besides the fact that there is an inconsistency in his view concerning the nature of meaning (Frege considers sense sometimes objective and on other occasions something imaginary.), his argument to prove the objectivity of sense is unsuccessful. Even if we accept his assumption of the objectivity of sense, Frege cannot drive the problem of psychologism out of the path of human knowledge. That is, Frege fails to achieve its original objective; proving that psychologism is wrong.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135925378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-24DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.146
Joel Lalengliana Darlong, Shardin Suting
The Khasi is an indigenous tribe of Meghalaya who lives in Northeast India. It is a tribe that follows a unique matriarchy. Bachofen (1967), suggested that the early social formation of the family gave more importance to the mother, and for which “government of the state was also entrusted to the women” (Bachofen, 1967, p. 156). In matrilineal societies where the women inherit the property and pass down the generation through the female line. It is important to examine and highlight the role and status of women in Meghalaya. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of the women in family and society as well as their participation in social, political, economic, and religious activities that highlight their importance in society. It’s important to examine the gender roles and responsibilities in the traditional matriarchy which bring the changes that have been set in the society and how these changes affect the social structure and the consequences which enhance the role of the women where they were involved according to their capabilities. Due to the prevalence and practice of their indigenous culture, it is perceived that the women experience more freedom and self-reliance. Khasi women witness women’s empowerment and raise women’s gender equality by their acts in the social, economic, and political realms, demonstrating the value of women in society.
{"title":"role of Khasi women among the Khasi tribe in Meghalaya’s Jatah Lakadong village","authors":"Joel Lalengliana Darlong, Shardin Suting","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.146","url":null,"abstract":"The Khasi is an indigenous tribe of Meghalaya who lives in Northeast India. It is a tribe that follows a unique matriarchy. Bachofen (1967), suggested that the early social formation of the family gave more importance to the mother, and for which “government of the state was also entrusted to the women” (Bachofen, 1967, p. 156). In matrilineal societies where the women inherit the property and pass down the generation through the female line. It is important to examine and highlight the role and status of women in Meghalaya. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of the women in family and society as well as their participation in social, political, economic, and religious activities that highlight their importance in society. It’s important to examine the gender roles and responsibilities in the traditional matriarchy which bring the changes that have been set in the society and how these changes affect the social structure and the consequences which enhance the role of the women where they were involved according to their capabilities. Due to the prevalence and practice of their indigenous culture, it is perceived that the women experience more freedom and self-reliance. Khasi women witness women’s empowerment and raise women’s gender equality by their acts in the social, economic, and political realms, demonstrating the value of women in society.
","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-24DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.159
Pramod Kumar Dash
The Bhagavata Gitā is one of the source books of philosophic inspiration and a foundational text in ethics. It outlives the speculative interest of the Brahmasutra and the Upanisads and suggests an outline of ideal living. The Bhagavata Gitā is a treatise of Yoga sādhanā pertaining to the discipline of mind. There is a scope of transformation of mind from the state of visāda or disappointment to the state of sanyāsa or detachment in the teachings of the Bhgavata Gitā. The first chapter of the Bhagavata Gitā is known as Visāda Yoga and the last chapter is known as Moksa Sanyāsa Yoga. Every man should be like a karma yogi and every action should be done in the sense of yajna. The Bhagavata Gitā has focused on Purusārthas, the four cardinal values of human life, such as, dhrama, artha, kāma and moksa. Artha and kāma are empirical pursuits which are to be guided by dharma in order to attain the ultimate end of life. Business management is basically the management of artha and kāma through the pursuit of dharma or the principle of righteousness. A true businessman should be like a karma yogi. Business is profit oriented but making profit at any cost is not the ethics of business. The Bhagavata gitā teaches the dexterity in action and steadiness in wisdom. Business is to be managed by proper skill with a mind of equanimity. A true businessman should be stable in mind and be able to take right decision in the right context. The Gitā teaches applied ethics which can be viable in the context of place, time and person. This teaching of the Gitā has direct impact on the modern business management. Artha leads to anartha if it is not managed rationally according to the business skills and responsibilities. Kāma or desire should be regulated so that a businessman should not behave like a greedy person and must have patience for the unexpected consequences. The highest value in the teachings of the Bhagavata Gitā is lokasangraha. Business management should be meant for the welfare of the people transcending the selfish motives for accumulating wealth by faul means. In this paper we would discuss the influence of the teachings of the Bhagavata Gitā on the modern business managaement from different perspectives.
{"title":"Bhagavata Gitā and Modern Business Management","authors":"Pramod Kumar Dash","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.159","url":null,"abstract":"The Bhagavata Gitā is one of the source books of philosophic inspiration and a foundational text in ethics. It outlives the speculative interest of the Brahmasutra and the Upanisads and suggests an outline of ideal living. The Bhagavata Gitā is a treatise of Yoga sādhanā pertaining to the discipline of mind. There is a scope of transformation of mind from the state of visāda or disappointment to the state of sanyāsa or detachment in the teachings of the Bhgavata Gitā. The first chapter of the Bhagavata Gitā is known as Visāda Yoga and the last chapter is known as Moksa Sanyāsa Yoga. Every man should be like a karma yogi and every action should be done in the sense of yajna. The Bhagavata Gitā has focused on Purusārthas, the four cardinal values of human life, such as, dhrama, artha, kāma and moksa. Artha and kāma are empirical pursuits which are to be guided by dharma in order to attain the ultimate end of life. Business management is basically the management of artha and kāma through the pursuit of dharma or the principle of righteousness. A true businessman should be like a karma yogi. Business is profit oriented but making profit at any cost is not the ethics of business. The Bhagavata gitā teaches the dexterity in action and steadiness in wisdom. Business is to be managed by proper skill with a mind of equanimity. A true businessman should be stable in mind and be able to take right decision in the right context. The Gitā teaches applied ethics which can be viable in the context of place, time and person. This teaching of the Gitā has direct impact on the modern business management. Artha leads to anartha if it is not managed rationally according to the business skills and responsibilities. Kāma or desire should be regulated so that a businessman should not behave like a greedy person and must have patience for the unexpected consequences. The highest value in the teachings of the Bhagavata Gitā is lokasangraha. Business management should be meant for the welfare of the people transcending the selfish motives for accumulating wealth by faul means. In this paper we would discuss the influence of the teachings of the Bhagavata Gitā on the modern business managaement from different perspectives.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.143
Mohammad Shekaib Alam, El Fatih Abdullahi Abdelsalam
The present study examined the socioeconomic and political status of the Indian and Chinese populations residing in Malaysia. The focus of this investigation has been limited to specifically analyse three domains: education, employment, and political representation. The variation in criteria employed for analysing the given circumstance might be attributed to the distinct perspectives of each group. According to Darin-Mattsson, Fors, and Kåreholt (2017), various approaches have been utilised to operationalize the concept of socioeconomic position. Education, social class, and income have been identified as the key determinants among these several factors. Hence, this study investigates the conditions of Indian and Chinese communities, taking into consideration the specific criteria outlined earlier. The analysis suggests that the Indian and Chinese groups are engaged in a situation of competition with the Malay majority. The Chinese community exhibits a significant presence and prominence in the realm of commerce and wealth accumulation, surpassing that of the Malay and Indian groups. The Indian community exhibits a higher prevalence of poverty in comparison to the Chinese community. Nevertheless, despite the implementation of the Malay reservation policy, both communities have demonstrated commendable progress in the areas of education, employment, and political engagement. Additionally, the government has shown a proactive approach in addressing the challenges and disadvantages faced by these communities.
{"title":"Comparative Study on the Socioeconomic and Political Conditions of Indian and Chinese Communities in Malaysia","authors":"Mohammad Shekaib Alam, El Fatih Abdullahi Abdelsalam","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.143","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the socioeconomic and political status of the Indian and Chinese populations residing in Malaysia. The focus of this investigation has been limited to specifically analyse three domains: education, employment, and political representation. The variation in criteria employed for analysing the given circumstance might be attributed to the distinct perspectives of each group. According to Darin-Mattsson, Fors, and Kåreholt (2017), various approaches have been utilised to operationalize the concept of socioeconomic position. Education, social class, and income have been identified as the key determinants among these several factors. Hence, this study investigates the conditions of Indian and Chinese communities, taking into consideration the specific criteria outlined earlier. The analysis suggests that the Indian and Chinese groups are engaged in a situation of competition with the Malay majority. The Chinese community exhibits a significant presence and prominence in the realm of commerce and wealth accumulation, surpassing that of the Malay and Indian groups. The Indian community exhibits a higher prevalence of poverty in comparison to the Chinese community. Nevertheless, despite the implementation of the Malay reservation policy, both communities have demonstrated commendable progress in the areas of education, employment, and political engagement. Additionally, the government has shown a proactive approach in addressing the challenges and disadvantages faced by these communities.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.155
Labbo Abdullahi
This paper presents some historical precedents that provide a critical framework for interpreting the rejection of polio vaccination in North-western Nigeria. In this paper, qualitative content analysis of written and oral data is used to explore the genealogy of the suspicion that cloud both smallpox and polio vaccinations in the area. The main objective of the paper is to provide a critical analysis of the politics of smallpox vaccination that reveals mistrust that persists to the present. The paper observed that the people’s perception of colonial medicine and mistrust of colonial officers geared their apathy to smallpox vaccination in the zone. Traditional institutions and legislation were used to ensure the acceptance of the vaccination and this increased the suspicion when people perceived the strategy as a control mechanism than a genuine attempt to improve their public health. These memories of smallpox vaccinations have a direct impact on the contemporary polio eradication campaign. People perceived polio vaccination as a continuation of the surreptitious Western agenda. The findings of the study present that perceived mistrust of the West stands to be the significant challenge for polio eradication campaigns as it did during smallpox vaccination in the colonial era.
{"title":"FROM COLONIAL PAST TO PRESENT: THE NEXUS OF SMALLPOX AND POLIO VACCINATION REJECTION IN NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA","authors":"Labbo Abdullahi","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some historical precedents that provide a critical framework for interpreting the rejection of polio vaccination in North-western Nigeria. In this paper, qualitative content analysis of written and oral data is used to explore the genealogy of the suspicion that cloud both smallpox and polio vaccinations in the area. The main objective of the paper is to provide a critical analysis of the politics of smallpox vaccination that reveals mistrust that persists to the present. The paper observed that the people’s perception of colonial medicine and mistrust of colonial officers geared their apathy to smallpox vaccination in the zone. Traditional institutions and legislation were used to ensure the acceptance of the vaccination and this increased the suspicion when people perceived the strategy as a control mechanism than a genuine attempt to improve their public health. These memories of smallpox vaccinations have a direct impact on the contemporary polio eradication campaign. People perceived polio vaccination as a continuation of the surreptitious Western agenda. The findings of the study present that perceived mistrust of the West stands to be the significant challenge for polio eradication campaigns as it did during smallpox vaccination in the colonial era.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136310721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.154
Abdul Halim Osmani, Mohammad Kabir Hotak
Humanism is a progressive trend in the thinking of mankind, which opposes oppression, racism, hatred, religious restrictions, and narrow views in expressing more love for the human being, and in choosing a happy life, the human being is based on this moral principle. It depends on human origin. Man is a member of human society, Aristotle called him a social animal, Gerstein called him a thinking animal, Socrates called him a self-aware animal, and Karl Marx called him a set of social conditions. Khushal Khan Khattak does not recognize humans on the basis of religion, color, smell, or nationality, nor does he give preference to them on this occasion. Rather, the humanist Khushal says that the best people in human society are those whose heartache is directed toward humanity. In the history of Pashto literature, Khushal Khan Khattak's multi-faceted and comprehensive personality is very worthy of consideration. He had exceptional effects, despite the fact that he lived before us in time and history, but his message is very important not only to the Eastern and Asian people but also to the current Western and European people.
{"title":"Humanity in the Poems of Khushal Khan","authors":"Abdul Halim Osmani, Mohammad Kabir Hotak","doi":"10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v2i09.154","url":null,"abstract":"Humanism is a progressive trend in the thinking of mankind, which opposes oppression, racism, hatred, religious restrictions, and narrow views in expressing more love for the human being, and in choosing a happy life, the human being is based on this moral principle. It depends on human origin. Man is a member of human society, Aristotle called him a social animal, Gerstein called him a thinking animal, Socrates called him a self-aware animal, and Karl Marx called him a set of social conditions. Khushal Khan Khattak does not recognize humans on the basis of religion, color, smell, or nationality, nor does he give preference to them on this occasion. Rather, the humanist Khushal says that the best people in human society are those whose heartache is directed toward humanity. In the history of Pashto literature, Khushal Khan Khattak's multi-faceted and comprehensive personality is very worthy of consideration. He had exceptional effects, despite the fact that he lived before us in time and history, but his message is very important not only to the Eastern and Asian people but also to the current Western and European people.","PeriodicalId":499476,"journal":{"name":"Sprin Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135395849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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