Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107984
Abin Sajan MD , Osman Ahmed MD , Siddharth A. Padia MD , Bedros Taslakian MD , Jafar Golzarian MD , Faisal Al-Qawasmi MD , Venkatesh Krishnasamy MD , Yan Epelboym MD, MPH , Anish G. Ghodadra MD , Joel A. Block MD
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of disability worldwide, and the prevalence of OA is expected to steadily increase in the coming decades. Current treatment follows a stepwise approach, beginning with conservative measures such as physical therapy and analgesics, progressing to intra-articular injections, and knee arthroplasty reserved for advanced cases. Minimally invasive treatment options are limited and include intra-articular injections, which have mixed long-term effectiveness. Genicular artery embolization (GAE) is a novel transcatheter technique hypothesized to target pathological synovial and subchondral neovascularization, key drivers of inflammation in symptomatic knee OA. As the research on GAE has steadily increased in the last decade, it is important for interventional radiologists to thoroughly understand the pathophysiology of knee OA and how embolization disrupts the cycle of synovial inflammation and nociceptive signaling. This narrative review will examine the key pathophysiological aspects of knee OA, their relationship to pain generation, and the potential therapeutic role of GAE.
{"title":"Pathophysiology of Knee Osteoarthritis and Mechanisms of Genicular Artery Embolization for Interventional Radiologists","authors":"Abin Sajan MD , Osman Ahmed MD , Siddharth A. Padia MD , Bedros Taslakian MD , Jafar Golzarian MD , Faisal Al-Qawasmi MD , Venkatesh Krishnasamy MD , Yan Epelboym MD, MPH , Anish G. Ghodadra MD , Joel A. Block MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of disability worldwide, and the prevalence of OA is expected to steadily increase in the coming decades. Current treatment follows a stepwise approach, beginning with conservative measures such as physical therapy and analgesics, progressing to intra-articular injections, and knee arthroplasty reserved for advanced cases. Minimally invasive treatment options are limited and include intra-articular injections, which have mixed long-term effectiveness. Genicular artery embolization (GAE) is a novel transcatheter technique hypothesized to target pathological synovial and subchondral neovascularization, key drivers of inflammation in symptomatic knee OA. As the research on GAE has steadily increased in the last decade, it is important for interventional radiologists to thoroughly understand the pathophysiology of knee OA and how embolization disrupts the cycle of synovial inflammation and nociceptive signaling. This narrative review will examine the key pathophysiological aspects of knee OA, their relationship to pain generation, and the potential therapeutic role of GAE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 107984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108002
Mohammad Abou El-Ezz BS , Charles Y. Kim MD , James Ronald MD, PhD
{"title":"Ice Ball Fracture and Hemorrhage during Renal Cryoablation","authors":"Mohammad Abou El-Ezz BS , Charles Y. Kim MD , James Ronald MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 108002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108544
Furkan Ertürk Urfalı MD , Mehmet Korkmaz MD , Bünyamin Aydin MD , Fatih Hakan Tufanoğlu MD , Hüseyin Gökhan Yavaş MD , Güven Barış Cansu MD
Purpose
To investigate the effect of parathyroid adenoma location on treatment success and adverse events.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective, observational case study included 285 patients with parathyroid adenomas treated at a single center. Preprocedural and postprocedural blood parameters, ultrasound (US) findings, and parathyroid adenoma locations (Perrier classification) were investigated in relation to procedural success and adverse events. Procedural success was defined as the patient’s calcium and parathyroid hormone levels remaining within normal limits for at least 6 months of follow-up and the gradual reduction in size and absence of blood flow in the parathyroid adenoma on control Doppler US.
Results
Overall procedural success was 88.4%, and the risk of transient hoarseness was 3.8% in all groups. In the Perrier Type D group, located near the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the procedure success rate was lowest at 72.2%. However, no significant differences were found between location groups in terms of the risk of transient hoarseness or procedure success.
Conclusions
Microwave ablation therapy of patathyroid adenomas has a high success rate across all locations and a low risk of adverse events. In Perrier Type D adenomas, the success rate was lower; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance.
{"title":"Association of Anatomical Location with Outcomes after Microwave Ablation Treatment of Parathyroid Adenomas","authors":"Furkan Ertürk Urfalı MD , Mehmet Korkmaz MD , Bünyamin Aydin MD , Fatih Hakan Tufanoğlu MD , Hüseyin Gökhan Yavaş MD , Güven Barış Cansu MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the effect of parathyroid adenoma location on treatment success and adverse events.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>A retrospective, observational case study included 285 patients with parathyroid adenomas treated at a single center. Preprocedural and postprocedural blood parameters, ultrasound (US) findings, and parathyroid adenoma locations (Perrier classification) were investigated in relation to procedural success and adverse events. Procedural success was defined as the patient’s calcium and parathyroid hormone levels remaining within normal limits for at least 6 months of follow-up and the gradual reduction in size and absence of blood flow in the parathyroid adenoma on control Doppler US.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall procedural success was 88.4%, and the risk of transient hoarseness was 3.8% in all groups. In the Perrier Type D group, located near the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the procedure success rate was lowest at 72.2%. However, no significant differences were found between location groups in terms of the risk of transient hoarseness or procedure success.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Microwave ablation therapy of patathyroid adenomas has a high success rate across all locations and a low risk of adverse events. In Perrier Type D adenomas, the success rate was lower; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 108544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To assess the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of superselective transarterial embolization (TAE) using imipenem/cilastatin sodium for plantar fasciitis (PF) refractory to conservative management.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 12 patients (50% men; mean age, 36 years [SD ± 9.07]) with PF (pain on palpation along the proximal plantar fascia and thickened plantar fascia [>4 mm] on magnetic resonance [MR] imaging) refractory to conservative management for ≥3 months. Superselective cannulation of branches from the posterior tibial artery (PTA), supplying the point of maximal pain at the plantar fascia origin, was performed, and branches showing hypervascular staining (contrast blush) were embolized using a suspension of 500 mg of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in 5 mL of iodinated contrast agent. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess pain at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months after procedure.
Results
PTA branches supplying area of hypervascular staining could be superselectively embolized in 11 of 12 patients (technical success, 91.7%; mean number of arteries embolized, 1.5 [SD ± 0.7]; mean amount of embolizing agent used, 1.1 mL [SD ± 0.5]). A significant decrease in VAS score was noted on day 1 after procedure (2.27 [SD ±1.19] vs 7.36 [SD ± 0.92]; P < .0001), which persisted through 12 months of follow-up. Clinical success, defined as ≥50% reduction in VAS score at 6 months, was achieved in 8 of 11 (72.73%) patients who underwent embolization and was sustained through 12 months of follow-up.
Conclusions
Superselective TAE using imipenem/cilastatin sodium is feasible, safe, and effective in alleviating pain associated with PF refractory to conservative management, with a low risk of adverse events.
目的：评价亚胺培南西司他汀钠超选择性经动脉栓塞治疗难治性足底筋膜炎（PF）的可行性、安全性和有效性。材料和方法：本回顾性研究纳入12例PF患者（50%男性，平均年龄：36±9.07岁），PF（沿足底近端筋膜触诊疼痛，MRI显示足底筋膜增厚[bbb40mm]），保守治疗难治≥3个月。在足底筋膜起源处提供最大疼痛点的胫骨后动脉（PTA）的分支进行超选择性插管，并使用500mg亚胺培南/西司他汀钠混悬液在5mL碘化造影剂中栓塞显示高血管染色的分支（造影剂红）。术后1天、1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月分别采用视觉模拟评分（VAS）对疼痛进行评分。结果：11/12例患者可超选择性栓塞高血管染色区PTA分支（技术成功率91.7%，平均栓塞动脉数1.5±0.7条，平均栓塞剂用量1.1±0.5 mL）。术后第1天VAS评分显著降低（2.27±1.19 vs. 7.36±0.92）p结论：超选择性TAE应用亚胺培南/西司他汀钠缓解PF难治性疼痛是可行、安全、有效的，不良事件风险低。
{"title":"Superselective Transarterial Embolization Using Imipenem/Cilastatin Sodium for Plantar Fasciitis Refractory to Conservative Management","authors":"Neeraj Kumar DM , Niraj Nirmal Pandey DM , Sanjeev Kumar MD , Aprateem Mukherjee DM , Vikrant Manhas MS , Priya Jagia MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of superselective transarterial embolization (TAE) using imipenem/cilastatin sodium for plantar fasciitis (PF) refractory to conservative management.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 12 patients (50% men; mean age, 36 years [SD ± 9.07]) with PF (pain on palpation along the proximal plantar fascia and thickened plantar fascia [>4 mm] on magnetic resonance [MR] imaging) refractory to conservative management for ≥3 months. Superselective cannulation of branches from the posterior tibial artery (PTA), supplying the point of maximal pain at the plantar fascia origin, was performed, and branches showing hypervascular staining (contrast blush) were embolized using a suspension of 500 mg of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in 5 mL of iodinated contrast agent. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess pain at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months after procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PTA branches supplying area of hypervascular staining could be superselectively embolized in 11 of 12 patients (technical success, 91.7%; mean number of arteries embolized, 1.5 [SD ± 0.7]; mean amount of embolizing agent used, 1.1 mL [SD ± 0.5]). A significant decrease in VAS score was noted on day 1 after procedure (2.27 [SD ±1.19] vs 7.36 [SD ± 0.92]; <em>P</em> < .0001), which persisted through 12 months of follow-up. Clinical success, defined as ≥50% reduction in VAS score at 6 months, was achieved in 8 of 11 (72.73%) patients who underwent embolization and was sustained through 12 months of follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Superselective TAE using imipenem/cilastatin sodium is feasible, safe, and effective in alleviating pain associated with PF refractory to conservative management, with a low risk of adverse events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 108556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107985
Dawood Javed MBBS , Arsalan Nadeem MBBS , Abdullah Javed MBBS , Faran Ahmed Jajja MBBS , Ahmed Jahanzeb MBBS
Purpose
To compare the effectiveness and safety of endovenous microwave ablation (MWA) versus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for treating lower limb varicose veins (LLVVs).
Materials and Methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases identified relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing MWA and RFA for LLVV. Primary endpoints were occlusion rates and quality of life (QoL). Secondary outcomes included hospitalization days, procedural time, blood loss, and adverse events (AEs). Study quality was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark), including a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis.
Results
Four studies (1 RCT and 3 cohort studies) with 887 patients (436 who underwent MWA and 451 who underwent RFA) were included. At 1 month, occlusion rates were 100% for both; at 1 year, the pooled occlusion rates remained similarly high (MWA, 97.5%; RFA, 98.0%), with no significant difference observed between groups (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.33–1.92; P = .620; I2 = 0%). QoL scores also showed no significant difference between techniques at 1 year. For secondary outcomes, both procedures demonstrated comparable effectiveness (hospitalization days and procedural time) and AE rates. Sensitivity analysis favored RFA, with fewer hospitalization days (mean difference [MD], 0.14; 95% CI, 0.01–0.27; P = .050; I2 = 0%) and shorter procedural time (MD, 8.68; 95% CI, 6.45–10.90; P < .00001; I2 = 38.0%).
Conclusions
MWA and RFA are safe and highly effective for treating LLVV, demonstrating similar 1-year occlusion rates (97.5% vs 98.0%) and low clinical severity scores.
目的：比较静脉内微波消融（MWA）与射频消融（RFA）治疗下肢静脉曲张（LLVV）的有效性和安全性。材料和方法：综合检索PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science数据库，确定了比较MWA和RFA治疗LLVV的相关随机临床试验（RCT）和观察性研究。主要终点是闭塞率和生活质量（QoL）。次要结局包括住院天数、手术时间、出血量和不良事件（ae）。采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具和Newcastle-Ottawa量表评估研究质量。采用Review Manager 5.4进行随机效应荟萃分析，包括遗漏敏感性分析。结果：纳入4项研究（1项RCT和3项队列研究），共887例患者（436例MWA， 451例RFA）。1个月时，两组的咬合率均为100%；一年后，合并闭塞率保持同样高（MWA: 97.5%; RFA: 98.0%），组间无显著差异（OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.33-1.92; P = 0.620, I2 = 0%）。在一年的时间里，两种技术之间的生活质量评分也没有显著差异。对于次要结果，两种手术均显示出相当的有效性（住院天数、手术时间）和AE发生率。敏感性分析倾向于RFA，住院天数较少（MD, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.01-0.27; P = 0.050, I2 = 0%），手术时间较短（MD, 8.68; 95% CI, 6.45-10.90; P < 0.00001, I2 = 38.0%）。结论：MWA和RFA治疗LLVV安全有效，一年的闭塞率相似（97.5% vs. 98.0%），临床严重程度评分低。
{"title":"Endovenous Microwave Ablation versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Lower Limb Varicose Veins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Dawood Javed MBBS , Arsalan Nadeem MBBS , Abdullah Javed MBBS , Faran Ahmed Jajja MBBS , Ahmed Jahanzeb MBBS","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the effectiveness and safety of endovenous microwave ablation (MWA) versus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for treating lower limb varicose veins (LLVVs).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases identified relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing MWA and RFA for LLVV. Primary endpoints were occlusion rates and quality of life (QoL). Secondary outcomes included hospitalization days, procedural time, blood loss, and adverse events (AEs). Study quality was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark), including a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four studies (1 RCT and 3 cohort studies) with 887 patients (436 who underwent MWA and 451 who underwent RFA) were included. At 1 month, occlusion rates were 100% for both; at 1 year, the pooled occlusion rates remained similarly high (MWA, 97.5%; RFA, 98.0%), with no significant difference observed between groups (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.33–1.92; <em>P</em> = .620; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0%). QoL scores also showed no significant difference between techniques at 1 year. For secondary outcomes, both procedures demonstrated comparable effectiveness (hospitalization days and procedural time) and AE rates. Sensitivity analysis favored RFA, with fewer hospitalization days (mean difference [MD], 0.14; 95% CI, 0.01–0.27; <em>P</em> = .050; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0%) and shorter procedural time (MD, 8.68; 95% CI, 6.45–10.90; <em>P</em> < .00001; <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 38.0%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MWA and RFA are safe and highly effective for treating LLVV, demonstrating similar 1-year occlusion rates (97.5% vs 98.0%) and low clinical severity scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 107985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145858904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2026.107991
{"title":"Crossword Puzzle","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.107991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.107991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 107991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107989
Erez Klein MD , Marcell Gyano MD, PhD , Vaiva Gustainyte DO , Junsung Choi MD , Bela Kis MD, PhD
Purpose
To assess the safety of adrenal biopsies in patients with known or suspected malignancies without preprocedural endocrine evaluations.
Materials and Methods
This was a single-center retrospective study that included 426 patients (249 men and 177 women; mean age, 66.1 years [SD ± 11.0]) with known or suspected malignancy who underwent 487 computed tomography (CT)–guided adrenal biopsies between October 2011 and December 2023. The authors analyzed medical records and cross-sectional imaging, evaluating technical and diagnostic success rates as well as complications.
Results
Of the 487 biopsies, 442 (91%) were performed in patients with confirmed malignancies, whereas 45 cases (9%) were patients presenting with new abdominal or lung mass and adrenal mass. The most common primary malignancy was lung cancer (272 of 487, 56%). Technical success rate was 99.8% (486 of 487), with a diagnostic success rate of 97.1% (473 of 487). Histopathological findings differed from known primary malignancy in 2.9% (14 of 487) of cases. Endocrine assessments were performed before 40 biopsies (8.2%). Three (3 of 487, 0.61%) new histological diagnoses of pheochromocytoma emerged, with 2 (66%) occurring in patients with known malignancies. A total of 45 adverse events (9.2%) were observed, primarily Grades 1–2, with only 6 classified as Grade 3 (4 hemorrhages and 2 cases of hypertension). Only 1 case of Grade 3 hypertension linked to pheochromocytoma.
Conclusions
Incidence of pheochromocytoma in patients with known or suspected extra-adrenal malignancies without endocrine workup was less than 1%. Therefore, endocrine workup prior to adrenal biopsies in patients with known and suspected malignancies may not be indicated despite recommendations of international guidelines.
{"title":"Percutaneous Adrenal Biopsies in Patients with Cancer: The Utility of Preprocedural Endocrine Workup","authors":"Erez Klein MD , Marcell Gyano MD, PhD , Vaiva Gustainyte DO , Junsung Choi MD , Bela Kis MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the safety of adrenal biopsies in patients with known or suspected malignancies without preprocedural endocrine evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This was a single-center retrospective study that included 426 patients (249 men and 177 women; mean age, 66.1 years [SD ± 11.0]) with known or suspected malignancy who underwent 487 computed tomography (CT)–guided adrenal biopsies between October 2011 and December 2023. The authors analyzed medical records and cross-sectional imaging, evaluating technical and diagnostic success rates as well as complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 487 biopsies, 442 (91%) were performed in patients with confirmed malignancies, whereas 45 cases (9%) were patients presenting with new abdominal or lung mass and adrenal mass. The most common primary malignancy was lung cancer (272 of 487, 56%). Technical success rate was 99.8% (486 of 487), with a diagnostic success rate of 97.1% (473 of 487). Histopathological findings differed from known primary malignancy in 2.9% (14 of 487) of cases. Endocrine assessments were performed before 40 biopsies (8.2%). Three (3 of 487, 0.61%) new histological diagnoses of pheochromocytoma emerged, with 2 (66%) occurring in patients with known malignancies. A total of 45 adverse events (9.2%) were observed, primarily Grades 1–2, with only 6 classified as Grade 3 (4 hemorrhages and 2 cases of hypertension). Only 1 case of Grade 3 hypertension linked to pheochromocytoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Incidence of pheochromocytoma in patients with known or suspected extra-adrenal malignancies without endocrine workup was less than 1%. Therefore, endocrine workup prior to adrenal biopsies in patients with known and suspected malignancies may not be indicated despite recommendations of international guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 107989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145906698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108000
Eunbyeol Ko BS, Jin Hyoung Kim MD
{"title":"Authors’ Response to Letter to “Safety and Effectiveness of Transarterial Chemoembolization for Caudate Lobe Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Long-Term Clinical Outcomes”","authors":"Eunbyeol Ko BS, Jin Hyoung Kim MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvir.2026.108000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49962,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 108000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2025.107969
Michele Piazza MD , Kashfa Iqbal MA , Ryan J. Imhoff MS , Bismark Baidoo PhD , Martin Henessey MD , Masahiko Fujihara MD , Tatsuya Nakama MD
Purpose
To analyze the safety and effectiveness of covered balloon-expandable (CBE) stent grafts for treatment of aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) from publications between 2000 and 2024.
Materials and Methods
A PubMed systematic literature review search was conducted to expand a previous review (2000–2019) and include publications between 2020 and 2024. Terms included balloon-expandable/expanding, iliac, and specific stent graft names. Study eligibility criteria included ≥5 patients with AIOD treated with CBE stents and reports of patency or freedom from target lesion revascularization (fTLR). Primary, primary-assisted, and secondary patency and fTLR rates at 1, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months were analyzed.
Results
The search identified 252 records; 25 studies (29 publications) met eligibility, resulting in 1,983 patients included in the meta-analysis. The stent grafts included Advanta V12 Balloon Expandable Covered Stent/iCast Covered Stent System (Advanta V12/iCast; Getinge Maquet, Rastatt, Germany), GORE VIABAHN VBX Balloon Expandable Endoprosthesis (VBX Stent Graft; W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Flagstaff, Arizona), BeGraft Peripheral Stent Graft System and/or BeGraft Peripheral Plus Stent Graft (Bentley InnoMed GmbH, Hechingen, Germany), LifeStream Balloon Expandable Vascular Covered Stent (Becton Dickenson, Tempe, Arizona), iCover Stent Graft (iVascular, Barcelona, Spain), and mixed-device cohorts. Pooled stent graft primary patency rates at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months were 91%, 85%, 81%, 79%, and 80%, respectively, and fTLR rates were 94%, 91%, 87%, 84%, and 85%, respectively. Primary patency was higher (P ≤ .05) for VBX Stent Graft than that for V12/iCast Stent Graft at 6 months (odds ratio [OR], 3.1), 12 months (OR, 2.2), and 24 months (OR, 2.8). The fTLR was also higher for VBX Stent Graft at 24 months (OR, 1.8; P = .042).
Conclusions
This updated systematic review and meta-analysis and findings, although observational and not confirmatory, add to the body of evidence supporting the clinical utility of CBE stents in managing AIOD.
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