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SETTLEMENT OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN BASED ON BALINESE CUSTOMARY LAW 根据巴厘习惯法解决针对儿童的性暴力问题
Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i2.1120
Gede Rhama, Sukmayoga Wiweka, Anak Agung, Istri Ari Atu, Dewi, Gede Arya Sumertayasa, Nyoman Bagiastra
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis terkait penyelesaian tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap anak berdasarkan hukum positif di Indonesia serta hukum adat Bali. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan pendekatan fakta, pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, serta pendekatan analisis konsep hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Pengaturan terkait tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap anak diatur dalam Pasal 81 dan Pasal 82 UUPA, terkait penyelesaiannya menurut system peradilan pidana disesuaikan dengan ketentuan KUHAP. Serta penyelesaian tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dalam hukum adat Bali dijabarkan menjadi dua pendekatan keadilan, yaitu sanksi pidana pendekatan pembalasan (retributive)  atau sanksi pidana pendekatan pemulihan (restoratif). Dan jika dalam penyelesaianny melalui pendekatan restoratif, hak korban perlu mendapat perhatian karena korban adalah pihak yang berkepentingan yang seharusnya mempunyai kedudukan (hukum) dalam proses penyelesaiannya. Namun, pada sistem peradilan pidana pada umumnya, ditengarai bahwa korban tidak menerima perlindungan yang setara dari pemegang wewenang sistem peradilan pidana, sehingga kepentingan yang hakiki dari korban sering terabaikan dan kalaupun itu ada hanya sekedar pemenuhan sistem administrasi atau manajemen peradilan pidana. 
本研究旨在审查和分析基于印度尼西亚实在法和巴厘岛习惯法的针对儿童的性暴力犯罪行为的解决方法。本研究采用规范性法律研究方法,包括事实方法、立法方法、案例方法和法律概念分析方法。研究结果表明,《印尼统一刑法典》第 81 条和第 82 条对针对儿童的性暴力犯罪行为进行了规定,并根据《刑事诉讼法典》的规定调整了刑事司法制度。在巴厘岛习惯法中,针对儿童的性暴力犯罪行为的解决分为两种司法方式,即报复性刑事制裁或恢复性刑事制裁。如果是通过恢复性方法解决,则需要关注受害者的权利,因为受害者是利益相关方,在解决过程中应享有(法律)地位。然而,在一般的刑事司法系统中,被害人涉嫌没有得到刑事司法系统当局的平等保护,因此被害人的真正利益往往被忽视,即使存在,也只是为了满足行政系统或刑事司法管理的需要。
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引用次数: 0
CURATOR'S LEGAL EFFORTS AGAINST BANKRUPTCY ESTATE (BOEDEL) ASSETS SEIZED IN CRIMINAL CONFISCATION OF CORRUPTION CASES 馆长针对在腐败刑事没收案件中扣押的破产财产(BOEDEL)资产所做的法律努力
Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i2.1096
Ida Ayu Putri, Dita Helena, Gusti Ayu, Putri Kartika
This paper aims to analyze the legal aspects of the general seizure and criminal seizure in Indonesian positive law, as well as to understand the legal efforts of the curator towards the assets of bankrupt estates placed under criminal seizure for corruption and economic crimes. The method used in writing this article is the normative legal research method, which starts from the normative problem of conflict of norms, and the results of this journal article are to determine the position of general seizure and criminal seizure based on the principle of legal preference, namely the principle of lex superior derogat legi inferiori, lex posterior derogate legi priori, and lex specialis derogate legi generalis, and the legal efforts that can be taken by the curator when the assets of bankrupt estates are placed under criminal seizure is by filing an objection to the Corruption Court and by filing a pretrial against the seizure actions carried out by the corruption investigators. The legal status of general attachment and criminal attachment can be determined by the principles of legal preference, including lex superior derogat legi inferiori, lex posterior derogate legi priori, and lex specialis derogate legi generalis. In most cases, general attachment takes priority over criminal attachment, except in cases of corruption (tipikor). In such cases, neither general nor criminal attachment can take precedence over the other. If criminal attachment is imposed on a bankrupt estate, the Curator can file an objection with the Corruption Court within two months of the court decision.
本文旨在分析印尼实在法中一般扣押和刑事扣押的法律问题,同时了解策展人对因腐败和经济犯罪而被刑事扣押的破产财产的法律努力。本文的写作方法是规范法学研究方法,该方法从规范冲突的规范问题出发,根据法律优先原则,即上位法减损下位法的原则,确定一般扣押和刑事扣押的地位、当破产财产的资产被刑事扣押时,财产管理人可以采取的法律措施是向腐败法庭提出异议,以及对腐败调查人员实施的扣押行为提出预审。一般扣押和刑事扣押的法律地位可根据法律优先原则确定,包括上位法优先于下位法、后位法优先于前位法、特别法优先于一般法。在大多数情况下,一般扣押优先于刑事扣押,但腐败案件(tipikor)除外。在这种情况下,一般扣押和刑事扣押都不能优先。如果对破产财产实施刑事扣押,破产管理人可在法院判决后两个月内向腐败问题法院提出异议。
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引用次数: 0
ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR ONLINE SHOPPING CONSUMERS 分析对网上购物消费者的法律保护
Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i2.1068
I. Putu, Agus Putra Arimbawa, I. Made, Dedy Priyanto
The study aimed to examine the legal safeguards provided to consumers engaged in online shopping. This study utilized a normative juridical approach with a descriptive qualitative method. Secondary data was collected through a literature review, encompassing various sources such as journals, books, laws, and regulations. The analysis was descriptive in nature, leading to a generalization of the research problem. The findings revealed that consumer protection is regulated by Law no. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, with the ITE Law, specifically Law no. 19 of 2016 on Information and Electronic Transactions, also being applicable to online shopping transactions. Disputes arising from online shopping can be resolved through instant claims (negotiation, mediation, etc.), seeking assistance from the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency, or resorting to legal action. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of consumer awareness and education in understanding their rights and responsibilities when engaging in online shopping. It also emphasized the need for e-commerce platforms to implement transparent and fair practices to protect consumers from fraudulent activities
本研究旨在探讨为从事网上购物的消费者提供的法律保障。本研究采用了规范法学方法和描述性定性方法。通过文献综述收集了二手数据,包括期刊、书籍、法律和法规等各种来源。分析具有描述性,从而对研究问题进行了概括。研究结果表明,1999 年关于消费者保护的第 8 号法律对消费者保护做出了规定,而 ITE 法,特别是 2016 年关于信息和电子交易的第 19 号法律,也适用于网上购物交易。网上购物产生的纠纷可通过即时索赔(谈判、调解等)、向消费者纠纷解决机构寻求帮助或诉诸法律解决。此外,研究还强调了提高消费者意识和教育的重要性,让他们了解自己在网上购物时的权利和责任。研究还强调,电子商务平台需要实施透明、公平的做法,以保护消费者免受欺诈活动的侵害。
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引用次数: 0
SUBPOENA AS A FORM OF DEVELOPER'S LEGAL EFFORT TO CONSUMERS IN CANCELING PROPERTY RESERVATIONS 传票是开发商在消费者取消物业预订时的一种法律手段
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i2.1067
Putu Gede, Wahyu Santika Pratama, Wayan Novy Purwanto
This study aims to investigate whether subpoenas can serve as a legal recourse for developers in the cancellation of property reservations and to comprehend the process of issuing subpoenas to consumers for canceling property reservations in Badung Regency. The research methodology employed is empirical legal research without statutory approaches, relying on factual analysis. Primary information was gathered through interviews with respondents and informants, while secondary data sources included literature, journals, and internet legislation. Data collection techniques involved documentation studies, and analysis was conducted through descriptive analysis. The research findings indicate that subpoenas can be utilized as a legal remedy by developers for consumers canceling property orders. Subpoenas are issued by delivering appeals and warnings through familial and economic approaches regularly. This legal effort aims to prevent financial losses for developers in the Badung district resulting from consumer order cancellations.
本研究旨在调查传票是否可以作为开发商取消房产预订的法律追索手段,并了解巴东地区向消费者发出传票以取消房产预订的过程。所采用的研究方法是实证法律研究,不使用法定方法,依赖事实分析。第一手资料通过与受访者和信息提供者的访谈收集,第二手资料来源包括文献、期刊和互联网立法。数据收集技术包括文献研究,分析则通过描述性分析进行。研究结果表明,开发商可以利用传票作为消费者取消房产订单的法律补救措施。传票是通过家庭和经济方式定期发出呼吁和警告。这项法律工作旨在防止消费者取消订单给巴东地区的开发商造成经济损失。
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引用次数: 0
JURIDICAL REVIEW OF THE CLAUSE OF WITHHOLDING THE ORIGINAL DIPLOMA OF WORKERS BY THE COMPANY IN THE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT 对就业协议中公司扣留工人毕业证书原件条款的司法审查
Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.1060
Kadek Debi Triwangsa Mahardika, Dewa Gede Pradnya Yustiawan
The purpose of this research is to understand the aspects of legal certainty related to the Retention/Submission of Original Diplomas Clause in the employment contract applied by the Company and this research also aims to find out the legal protection efforts given to workers who agree to the retention of diploma clause in their employment contract, especially in the context where the Company is considered negligent in maintaining the original diploma belonging to its workers. The research method is normative legal research with an approach to legislation. The results of this study show that in the implementation of employment contracts that include diploma retention/submission clauses, there are no explicit statutory provisions that allow or prohibit the practice. However, regarding the legal requirements of agreements in employment contracts, this is regulated by the Civil Code. Therefore, the legal vacuum regarding whether or not the withholding of diplomas can cause this practice to occur as a result of customs in the world of work, and when related to RI Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights is contrary to the principles of human rights because it hampers workers' rights to get better jobs and improve their quality of life. In addition, in the legal protection efforts for workers who agree to the clause of withholding/submission of diplomas in their employment contracts, there are preventive and responsive legal protections. This shows that there are measures to prevent and respond to potential violations of workers' rights in the context of such clauses.
本研究的目的是了解与公司适用的雇用合同中保留/提交原始文凭条款有关的法律确定性方面,本研究还旨在找出对同意在雇用合同中保留文凭条款的工人所给予的法律保护力度,特别是在公司被认为疏于维护属于其工人的原始文凭的情况下。研究方法是以立法为切入点的规范性法律研究。研究结果表明,在执行包含保留/提交文凭条款的雇用合同时,没有明确的法律规定允许或禁止这种做法。不过,关于雇用合同中协议的法律要求,《民法典》对此作了规定。因此,关于扣留文凭是否会造成这种做法的法律真空,是工作领域习俗的结果,如果与 1999 年关于人权的第 39 号《内部司法法》相关,则有悖于人权原则,因为它妨碍了工人获得更好工作和提高生活质量的权利。此外,在为同意在雇用合同中保留/提交文凭条款的工人提供法律保护方面,也有预防性和应对性的法律保护措施。这表明,对于此类条款中可能出现的侵犯工人权利的行为,已经采取了预防和应对措施。
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引用次数: 0
CAUSALITY TEACHINGS IN PLANNED MURDER CRIMES 有计划谋杀犯罪中的因果关系教学
Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.1012
Andi Wiranata Tamba, Hadi Purnomo
The phenomenon of premeditated murder represents a grave criminal offense involving the intentional taking of another person's life through meticulous planning. At the core of any event lies a causal relationship, a fundamental concept known as causality. Causality, in the context of criminal investigations, refers to the cause-and-effect relationship applied to discern the primary factors leading to specific consequences. This research seeks to address the intricate nature of causality within the crime of premeditated murder, particularly examining the series of events identified by law enforcement officials as indicative of a causal relationship. The central challenge in this research pertains to unraveling the specific series employed by law enforcement as a foundation for establishing causality in cases of premeditated murder. Furthermore, the study delves into the question of how responsibility for the criminal act committed by Jessica Kumala Wongso against Victim Wayan Mirna Salihin is attributed based on the principles of causality. Investigating these aspects will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the legal mechanisms used to identify and assign accountability in cases of premeditated murder.
预谋杀人现象是一种严重的刑事犯罪,涉及通过精心策划蓄意剥夺他人生命。任何事件的核心都是因果关系,这一基本概念被称为因果性。在刑事调查中,因果关系是指用于辨别导致特定后果的主要因素的因果关系。本研究旨在探讨预谋杀人犯罪中错综复杂的因果关系,特别是研究执法人员认定的表明因果关系的一系列事件。本研究的核心挑战在于揭示执法人员在确定预谋杀人案件因果关系时所采用的特定系列事件。此外,本研究还探讨了如何根据因果关系原则确定杰西卡-库马拉-翁索(Jessica Kumala Wongso)对受害者瓦扬-米尔纳-萨利欣(Wayan Mirna Salihin)所犯罪行的责任归属问题。对这些方面的调查将有助于更全面地了解在预谋杀人案件中用于确定和分配责任的法律机制。
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引用次数: 0
DESIGNING DIRECT REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS BY THE GENERAL ELECTION COMMISSION AMIDST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC 大选委员会在科维德-19 大流行病中设计地区首长直选
Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.1036
Redi Pirmansyah, M. Merta, Martindo Junaidi, Merta
This study aims to understand the challenges faced in the implementation of direct regional elections by the General Election Commission amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia in 2020. The research method used is empirical juridical with a field research approach. Data were obtained through interviews with election coordinators and document analysis related to the implementation of elections. The results showed that the implementation of local elections in Indonesia in 2020 faced challenges due to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as ensuring compliance with health protocols, poor internet quality, violations related to the procurement of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), public concerns about the spread of COVID-19, disruption of the election process due to delays in resources and infrastructure, and candidate partners (paslon) who often ignore health protocols during their campaigns. Overcoming these challenges requires effective coordination and communication among election coordinators, strict implementation of health protocols, adjustments to schedules, stages, programs, and budgets, and increased community participation. The government also needs to pay attention to the availability of sufficient funds to ensure the smooth implementation of the election.
本研究旨在了解印度尼西亚大选委员会在 2020 年 COVID-19 大流行的情况下实施地区直选所面临的挑战。采用的研究方法是实地调查法。数据通过与选举协调员的访谈和与选举实施相关的文件分析获得。结果表明,由于 COVID-19 大流行造成的干扰,2020 年印度尼西亚地方选举的实施工作面临挑战,如确保遵守卫生协议、互联网质量差、与采购个人防护设备 (PPE) 相关的违规行为、公众对 COVID-19 传播的担忧、因资源和基础设施延迟而导致的选举进程中断,以及候选人合作伙伴(paslon)在竞选期间经常忽视卫生协议。要克服这些挑战,需要选举协调员之间进行有效的协调和沟通,严格执行卫生规程,调整时间表、阶段、计划和预算,并加强社区参与。政府还需要注意提供充足的资金,以确保选举的顺利进行。
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引用次数: 0
IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC TICKET SANCTIONS FOR TRAFFIC VIOLATORS IN BONE DISTRICT 在骨区对交通违规者实施电子罚单处罚
Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.926
Safina Safina, Muhammad Lutfi, Muhammad Takdir
The transportation system is very important in a city, both in big cities and small cities. There are so many traffic violations that occur on the highway caused by road users who do not obey traffic rules, this can cause congestion and can even cause traffic accidents. With the E-Tilang service, the implementation of traffic tickets is faster than manual tickets, besides that there is transparency or openness in its implementation. The method used in this research uses a qualitative research method with a literature study approach to explain the application of e-Tilang sanctions in Bone Regency. The application of e-Tilang sanctions in Bone Regency has not been implemented optimally because the socialization carried out by law enforcement officials has not been maximized so that there are still people who do not know about the implementation of e-Tilang and the community still does not fully support e-Tilang because of the high costs that must be incurred.
无论是大城市还是小城市,交通系统在城市中都非常重要。由于道路使用者不遵守交通规则,高速公路上出现了许多交通违规行为,这会造成交通拥堵,甚至引发交通事故。有了 E-Tilang 服务,交通罚单的执行比人工罚单更快,而且执行过程透明或公开。本研究采用定性研究法和文献研究法来解释 Bone Regency 电子提朗处罚的应用情况。由于执法人员没有最大限度地进行社会化宣传,因此仍有人不了解电子提朗的实施情况,而且由于必须承担高昂的成本,社区仍不完全支持电子提朗,因此,电子提朗制裁措施在伯恩行政区的应用尚未达到最佳效果。
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引用次数: 0
SOCIALIZATION OF REGIONAL REGULATION NO. 11 OF 2017 REGARDING EMBANKMENTS IN THE SARI BARUNA FISHERMEN'S GROUP OF BANJAR KHUBUR, KETEWEL VILLAGE, GIANYAR 2017 年第 11 号地区法规的社会化关于吉安亚尔省 Ketewel 村 Banjar Khubur 的 Sari Baruna 渔民组堤坝的 2017 年第 11 号规定
Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.1011
Wayan Novy Purwanto, Gusti Ayu, Putri Kartika, I. N. Bagiastra, Ayu Putu, Laksmi Danyati, Dewa Gede, Pradnyana Yustiawan
The purpose of this socialization is to educate and inform the Sari Baruna Fishermen Group of Banjar Khubur Ketewel Village, Gianyar about Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2017 regarding Bendega. It is crucial for the fishermen to understand this regulation as it addresses the problems they face. The Regional Government is committed to preserving and protecting Bendega, which is an integral part of Balinese culture. By safeguarding the ethical, moral, and civilizational values of Balinese customs, the government ensures the continuity of these traditions. Bendega holds significant economic, social, cultural, and religious importance in the indigenous communities of Bali's coastal areas. To protect and preserve Bendega, various strategies are implemented, including the continuous application of Tri Hita Karana principles, enhancing the skills and knowledge of Bendega personnel, and empowering Bendega through economic activities rooted in local wisdom. Additionally, the strengthening of Bendega institutions and financial support are provided. It is essential to socialize these efforts to the fishermen groups so that they can fully comprehend the protection offered by the Regional Government. This understanding will enable the fishermen to exercise their rights and responsibilities as coastal fishermen.
此次社会化活动的目的是向吉安雅尔省 Banjar Khubur Ketewel 村的 Sari Baruna 渔民小组宣传和介绍 2017 年关于 Bendega 的第 11 号地区法规。对渔民来说,了解该条例至关重要,因为它解决了他们面临的问题。地区政府致力于保存和保护 Bendega,这是巴厘岛文化不可分割的一部分。通过保护巴厘岛习俗的伦理、道德和文明价值,政府确保了这些传统的延续。Bendega 在巴厘岛沿海地区的土著社区具有重要的经济、社会、文化和宗教意义。为了保护和保存本德加,政府实施了各种战略,包括持续应用 Tri Hita Karana 原则,提高本德加人员的技能和知识,以及通过植根于当地智慧的经济活动增强本德加的能力。此外,还加强本德加机构并提供财政支持。必须将这些工作社会化,使渔民群体能够充分理解地区政府提供的保护。这种理解将使渔民能够行使其作为沿海渔民的权利和责任。
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引用次数: 0
THE LEGAL PROTECTION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIMINAL ACTS IN BINOMO TRADING FRAUD 对宾诺莫交易欺诈犯罪行为受害者的法律保护
Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.55047/polri.v3i1.1047
Bayu Butar Butar, Ahmad Sudiro
The objective of this study is to analyze the recovery of assets and the protection of victims in cases of Binomo trading fraud under Indonesian criminal law. The research methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing a literature-based approach. The findings of this study reveal that the decision made by the Panel of Judges in case number 1240: Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Tng was deemed unjust for the victims, leading to an appeal hearing resulting in decision number 117/Pid.Sus/2022/PT.BTN. According to this court decision, the confiscated evidence in the Indra Kenz case was to be returned to the victims through the United Indonesian Traders Association. However, the process of returning the evidence encountered complications due to internal conflicts among the victim association members. As a result, there is currently no clarity regarding the completion of the restitution of the victims' losses. The government, through the LPSK, regulates the restitution of victims' losses as stipulated in Perma Number 1 of 2022. Nevertheless, the LPSK is not involved in the process of returning the victims' losses, which is instead handled by the United Indonesian Traders Association.
本研究的目的是分析印度尼西亚刑法规定的比诺莫(Binomo)交易欺诈案中的资产追回和受害者保护问题。采用的研究方法是基于文献的规范性法律研究。研究结果表明,法官小组在第 1240.Pid.Sus/2022/PN.号案件中做出的裁决是错误的:Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Tng一案中法官小组做出的裁决被认为对受害者不公正,因此进行了上诉听证,最终做出了第117/Pid.Sus/2022/PT.BTN号裁决。根据该法院裁决,Indra Kenz 案中被没收的证据应通过印度尼西亚联合贸易商协会归还给受害者。然而,由于受害者协会成员之间的内部矛盾,归还证据的过程变得复杂起来。因此,目前尚不清楚受害者损失的归还工作是否已经完成。根据 2022 年第 1 号许可证的规定,政府通过 LPSK 管理受害者损失的归还工作。然而,印尼盾局并不参与归还受害者损失的过程,而是由印尼贸易商联合协会负责。
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引用次数: 0
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POLICY LAW NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES (POLRI)
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