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New evidence for superposition of two major Precambrian orogens in southeast Brazil 巴西东南部两大前寒武纪造山运动叠加的新证据
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105149
Pedro Costa Furtado , Rudolph Allard Johannes Trouw , Rodrigo Peternel Machado Nunes , Marcos Vinícius Fontainha , Mauro Cesar Geraldes , Rodrigo Vinagre Cintra da Costa , Rafael Cardoso De Moraes Telles
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic signature of deep pit ovens from Paquimé, ceremonial center of the Casas Grandes culture (Northern Mexico) 卡萨斯格兰德斯文化(墨西哥北部)礼仪中心帕基梅深坑烤炉的磁性特征
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105190
Avto Goguitchaichvili , Eduardo Pío Gamboa Carrera , Mabel Galván , Juan Morales , Rubén Cejudo , Miguel Cervantes , Vadim Kravchinsky , Rafael García-Ruiz , Francisco Bautista , José Luis Punzo
The Casas Grandes culture in Northern Mexico and Southwest United States has been characterized by its impressive architecture - unique to desert cultures, with houses and constructions of up to four floors built by adobe. In this study, we report an integrated rock-magnetic and archaeomagnetic study from Paquimé archaeological site, considered as an outstanding testimony of the relationship between the cultures of North America and Mesoamerica. The In Situ structures of Paquimé archaeological zone were magnetically analyzed for the first time. Four up to 2.6 m deep Pit Ovens, commonly used for agave cooking, were sampled. 78 specimens were subjected to stepwise alternating field demagnetizations to retrieve characteristic remanence archaeodirections. The great majority of samples yielded evidence of essentially stable, single component remanent magnetization carried by the end members of titanomagnetite solid solutions (almost magnetite phase). Hematite grains apparently also co-exist, but their contribution in total thermoremanence is minor. The archaeomagnetic dating, based on mean declination and inclination, was performed using the global geomagnetic models and the available regional Paleosecular Variation Curves available for Mesoamerica. Additionally, SW United State paleosecular variation patterns from Four Corner region was also considered. The most probable age interval for one of the studied ovens (around 940 AD) is out of Paquimé’s main occupation phase between 1200 and 1450 AD. The age estimation for the PH1 pit oven, around 1150 AD, could be located near the limit of the beginning of the Medio Period. Remained two analyzed ovens yielded up to three possible ages distributed around 1100, 1320 and 1480 AD. Pit Ovens studied here, were long time considered to correspond to same time interval, while these new results attest that these combustion structures encompassed almost six centuries in agreement with the historical fact that the city of Paquimé was abandoned before the arrival of the Spaniards.
墨西哥北部和美国西南部的卡萨斯格兰德斯文化以其令人印象深刻的建筑风格而著称--这种建筑风格在沙漠文化中独一无二,其房屋和建筑多达四层,由土坯建造而成。在这项研究中,我们报告了对 Paquimé 考古遗址进行的岩石磁性和考古磁性综合研究,该遗址被认为是北美文化与中美洲文化之间关系的杰出见证。首次对 Paquimé 考古区的原位结构进行了磁学分析。对四个深达 2.6 米、常用于烹饪龙舌兰的坑炉进行了取样。对 78 个样本进行了分步交变磁场消磁,以获取特征性的剩磁考古方向。绝大多数样本都证明了钛磁铁矿固溶体(几乎是磁铁矿相)末端成员所携带的基本稳定的单组分剩磁。赤铁矿晶粒显然也同时存在,但它们在总热磁化率中的作用很小。根据平均偏角和倾角进行的考古地磁年代测定,使用的是全球地磁模型和中美洲现有的地区古地磁变化曲线。此外,还考虑了美国西南部四角地区的古地磁变化模式。所研究的一个烤箱最有可能的年代区间(约公元 940 年)是在帕基梅公元 1200 年至 1450 年的主要占领阶段之外。PH1 号坑式窑炉的年代估计在公元 1150 年左右,可能位于中间期开始的界限附近。其余两个经分析的坑灶可能有三个年代,分布在公元 1100 年、1320 年和 1480 年左右。在这里研究的坑炉,长期以来被认为与同一时期相吻合,而这些新的结果证明,这些燃烧结构涵盖了近六个世纪,这与西班牙人到来之前帕吉梅城已被遗弃的历史事实相吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Accounting for organic carbon and total nitrogen stock variability on a stony soil slope under a seasonally dry tropical forest 季节性干旱热带雨林石质土壤斜坡上的有机碳和总氮储量变化核算
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105184
Renato Francisco da Silva Souza , Victor Junior Lima Felix , Vania da Silva Fraga , Bruno de Oliveira Dias , Rodrigo Santana Macedo , Jhony Vendruscolo , Salomão de Sousa Medeiros , Jhonatan Rafael Zárate-Salazar , Francilel Arruda Bezerra , Milton Cesar Costa Campos
Stony soils are typical of the Brazilian semi-arid region and display specific traits that lead to substantial pedological variability. This hinders the effective quantification of stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN). The current study aimed to assess the variability of SOC and TSN stocks in a stony soil under Caatinga. In the topsoil, the SOC and TSN stocks were affected by rock fragments and clay contents. In the subsurface (>20 cm) layer, these stocks were influenced by P, SOC, and TSN content. These results confirm that SOC and TSN stocks are controlled by physical and chemical protection in topsoil and subsoil, respectively. The nugget/sill effect ratios indicated moderate carbon and nitrogen stock spatial dependence in the 0–10 and 10–20 cm layers, besides a strong dependence in the others. Consequently, a minimum distance of 73-m between sampling points is recommended to ensure sampling independence aiming for assessing SOC and TSN stocks in stony soil layers. This important difference between depths in local-scale can help to improve the accuracy of numerical models of carbon cycling in tropical dry forests.
石质土壤是巴西半干旱地区的典型土壤,其特殊性导致了土壤学上的巨大差异。这阻碍了对土壤有机碳(SOC)和土壤全氮(TSN)储量的有效量化。本研究旨在评估卡廷加石质土壤中 SOC 和 TSN 储量的变化。在表层土壤中,SOC 和 TSN 储量受到岩石碎片和粘土含量的影响。在地下(20 厘米)层,这些储量受到 P、SOC 和 TSN 含量的影响。这些结果证实,SOC 和 TSN 储量分别受表土和底土中物理和化学保护的控制。土块/砾石效应比表明,除了 0-10 厘米和 10-20 厘米土层的碳和氮储量空间依赖性较强之外,其他土层的碳和氮储量空间依赖性较弱。因此,建议取样点之间的距离至少为 73 米,以确保取样的独立性,从而评估石质土层中的 SOC 和 TSN 储量。局部尺度深度之间的这一重要差异有助于提高热带干旱森林碳循环数值模型的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Holocene landscape changes in response to sea level oscillations and agricultural intensification in a coastal plain of southeastern South America 南美洲东南部沿海平原全新世景观变化对海平面振荡和农业集约化的响应
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105185
A.S.P. Avila , S.R. Bottezini , D. Diniz , C. Bueno , L. Perez , G. Martínez de la Escalera , C. Piccini , A. Leonhardt , F. García-Rodríguez , J. Weschenfelder
This study identified landscape changes in response to variations in mean sea level (MSL) and anthropogenic intervention, from the Early to Late Holocene in Southestern South America. Ananalysis based on palynology and sedimentary bacterial DNA from two sediment cores from the Patos-Mirim System (PMS) is introduced for the first time, to achieve an integrated paleoenvironmental and ladscape reconstruction. The data indicated an east-west migration of the freshwater and forest environments set in the lowlands during the transgressive period (6000–5000 cal yr BP) and an increase in external total biomass input during this MSL rise. A consolidated vegetation onset was inferred, especially of forest environments, after the Holocene Climatic Optimum (5000 cal yr BP). During the last century, landscape changes especially associated with anthropogenic factors were clearly identified from the palynological assemblages. That is, an alternation between Poaceae and Cyperaceae, the first occurrence of Pinus spp. and an increase in the influx of herbs and trees flagged the increase in cultivated areas due to the agricultural and agroforestry intensification. Extreme values of palynological influx appear to be a good proxy for the impact of El Niño events on the sedimentary record, which were associated to increased precipitation. The study also clearly demonstrates the high environmental stress generated by human activities, e.g. loss of plant diversity and changes in the bacterial abundance due to the higher agrochemicals input.
这项研究确定了南美洲东南部全新世早期到晚期平均海平面(MSL)变化和人为干预引起的地貌变化。该研究首次基于帕托斯-米林系统(PMS)两个沉积岩芯的古生物学和沉积细菌 DNA 进行分析,以实现古环境和地貌的综合重建。数据表明,在跨跃时期(公元前 6000-5000 年),低地的淡水和森林环境向东西迁移,在这一 MSL 上升时期,外部生物量输入总量增加。据推断,全新世气候最适宜期(公元前 5000 年)之后,植被尤其是森林环境开始得到巩固。在上个世纪,从古生物组合中可以清楚地发现地貌的变化,尤其是与人为因素有关的变化。也就是说,由于农业和农林业的集约化发展,耕地面积的增加标志着诗歌科和香柏科植物的交替出现、松树属植物的首次出现以及草本植物和树木数量的增加。古生物流入量的极端值似乎可以很好地代表厄尔尼诺现象对沉积记录的影响,厄尔尼诺现象与降水量增加有关。这项研究还清楚地表明了人类活动对环境造成的巨大压力,例如,由于农用化学品的大量投入,植物多样性丧失,细菌数量发生变化。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of geoid models for geopotential values determination in Mexico'S continuous monitoring network 评估墨西哥连续监测网络中用于确定位势值的大地水准面模型
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105192
Ana Isela Vidal-Vega , Manuel E. Trejo-Soto , Claudia N. Tocho , Rosendo Romero-Andrade , Karan Nayak
The requirements of the reference systems related to the vertical part are aimed at adopting a global height system that allows taking advantage of the development of satellite technology that provides terrestrial data with higher quality. Due to this need, the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) has proposed the realization and implementation of the International Height Reference System (IHRS), based on geopotential numbers obtained from the gravity potential difference at a point on the Earth's surface (W(P)) referred to the geoid (W0), whose value adopted by convention corresponds to 62636853.4 m2s-2. Nowadays, efforts are underway worldwide to materialize this system. Considering this, the present work entails the analysis of information gathered from SIRGAS continuous monitoring stations in Mexico: MTY2, IDGO, INEG, MERI, and ICAM, to estimate its gravity potential from sufficiently precise geocentric coordinates and absolute gravity values, which when combined with heights derived from geoid models, allows obtaining a modern height system such as the IHRS. The analysis aims to evaluate the feasibility of estimating the gravity potential at the stations, by using precise geocentric coordinates and absolute gravity values which when combined with high-resolution geoid models such as EGM2008, GGM10, EIGEN6C4, XGM2019e_2159, SGGUGM2, and the xGEOID20B, to implement a modern height reference system in Mexico; as well as to contribute to the International Height Reference Framework (IHRF), which in its latest version only includes the MERI station, located in Mérida, Yucatán. Therefore, we consider that for their characteristics the stations analyzed can be included to densify the frame in the implementation of the system. The results show the differences in gravity potential in the different regions of the country, reinforcing the need to consider more reference stations. Additionally, benchmark points close to the selected stations were analyzed to determine the reference potential value of the GGM10, with which it was also possible to analyze the behavior between the observed geoid and the different geoid models, toward the modernization of the official height system, which is based on orthometric heights called NAVD88, which shows us the differences between the geoid observed with the official height system and the analyzed models. Finally, the study examines the consistency of the calculated orthometric heights with geopotential numbers derived from the different geoid models.
对与垂直部分有关的参考系统的要求旨在采用一个全球高度系统,以便利用卫星技术的发展提供更高质量的地面数据。基于这一需求,国际大地测量学协会(IAG)提议建立并实施国际高度参考系统(IHRS),该系统基于地球表面某点的重力势差(W(P))得出的大地位势数,以大地水准面(W0)为参照,其常规采用值相当于 62636853.4 m2s-2。目前,全世界都在努力实现这一系统。有鉴于此,本工作需要对墨西哥 SIRGAS 连续监测站收集的信息进行分析:通过对 MTY2、IDGO、INEG、MERI 和 ICAM 等 SIRGAS 连续监测站收集到的信息进行分析,根据足够精确的地心坐标和绝对重力值估算其重力潜能,再结合大地水准面模型得出的高度,就可以得到一个现代高度系统,如 IHRS。该分析旨在评估利用精确的地心坐标和绝对重力值估算台站重力潜能值的可行性,当结合高分辨率大地水准面模型(如 EGM2008、GGM10、EIGEN6C4、XGM2019e_2159、SGGUGM2 和 xGEOID20B)时,可在墨西哥实施现代高度参考系统;以及为国际高度基准框架(IHRF)做出贡献,该框架的最新版本仅包括位于尤卡坦州梅里达的 MERI 站。因此,我们认为可以根据所分析站点的特点,将其纳入该系统的实施框架,以增加其密度。结果表明,该国不同地区的重力潜能存在差异,因此需要考虑更多的基准站。此外,还对所选站点附近的基准点进行了分析,以确定 GGM10 的参考重力势能值,并据此分析了观测到的大地水准面与不同大地水准面模型之间的行为,以实现官方高度系统的现代化,官方高度系统基于称为 NAVD88 的正交高度,它向我们展示了官方高度系统观测到的大地水准面与分析模型之间的差异。最后,研究还考察了计算出的正高与不同大地水准面模型得出的位势值之间的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
Geology and geochronology of the El Peñón granitic pluton: A contribution to the famatinian magmatic evolution in the Sierra de San Luis, Argentina 埃尔佩尼翁花岗岩岩体的地质学和地质年代学:对阿根廷圣路易斯山脉法马提尼岩浆演化的贡献
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105188
Daiana E. Olsen , Augusto F. Morosini , Ariel E. Ortiz Suárez , Alina M. Tibaldi , Esteban M. Crespo
The El Peñón pluton is a peraluminous granite located in the northeastern sector of the Sierra de San Luis. According to its textural and mineral variations two endmember facies have been distinguished along it: a coarse-grained muscovite-bearing facies, and a fine-grained biotite-bearing facies. Field relationships aligned with mineralogical and geochemical compositions, allow us to establish an anatectic origin for this pluton. Regarding the inherited zircon ages, the provenance area of the metasedimentary source could be linked to the orogenic systems of Western Gondwana. The analysis of the internal structure of the intrusive body related with the structural arrangement observed in the country rocks indicates a syn-kinematic emplacement of the igneous body with respect to the main deformational event described in the Sierra de San Luis, which has been assigned to the closure of the Famatinian arc. New U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) zircon ages constrain the emplacement/crystallization age of the El Peñón granite within the time lapse between ∼470 and 460 Ma. The geochronological data presented here, together with geochemical and structural analysis, enables us to correlate the origin of the El Peñón pluton and the deformation that occurred during its emplacement with the Famatinian Orogeny. Thus, these results allow us to rule out the presence of Pampean magmatism in the Sierra de San Luis but also establish a new absolute age for the main deformational event of the range.
El Peñón岩体是位于圣路易斯山脉东北部的过铝花岗岩。根据其纹理和矿物变化,可将其区分为两个端部岩相:一个是粗粒的含麝香石岩相,另一个是细粒的含生物岩相。实地关系与矿物学和地球化学成分相一致,使我们能够确定该岩浆岩的起源于北半球。从继承的锆石年龄来看,变质源的产地可能与西冈瓦纳的造山系统有关。对侵入体内部结构的分析表明,与圣路易斯山脉的主要变形事件有关,该火成岩体的内部结构与在乡土岩石中观察到的结构排列有关,被归结为法马提尼亚弧的闭合。新的 U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS)锆石年龄确定了 El Peñón 花岗岩在 470 至 460 Ma 之间的成岩/结晶年龄。本文提供的地质年代数据,以及地球化学和结构分析,使我们能够将埃尔佩尼翁花岗岩的成因及其成岩过程中发生的变形与法马提尼造山运动联系起来。因此,这些结果使我们能够排除圣路易斯山脉存在帕潘岩浆活动的可能性,同时也为该山脉的主要变形活动确定了一个新的绝对年代。
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引用次数: 0
Early Paleogene alkaline magmatism in the Subandean Ranges of Jujuy Province 胡胡伊省苏班德安山脉古近纪早期的碱性岩浆活动
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105189
Alba Cristina Muñoz Dada , Guadalupe Maro , Pablo Jorge Caffe , Juan Pablo Villalba Ulberich , Diego Fracchia
The Zapla Range (Jujuy province) represents the southern edge of the central Andean Subandean Ranges in Argentina. In the northernmost area of the Zapla Range, basaltic rocks are interbedded in the Mealla Formation. These volcanic units form part of the post-rift magmatism of the Salta rift basin, which mainly focused on the Lomas de Olmedo sub-basin to the east. In this paper, six of these basaltic occurrences are characterized on the basis of new geological, petrographic and geochemical data, in order to explore their emplacement, petrogenesis and possible tectonic setting during rift evolution. Peperites in the upper contact of sills evidence the interaction between basalts and unconsolidated or poorly consolidated wet sediments. This implies that there was concomitance between sedimentation and subsurface magma emplacement, suggesting a Paleocene age for the magmatic event according to zircon U-Pb data available for Mealla Formation rocks. Other basaltic units show hipocrystalline textures and lack peperites at the top, which points to their extrusive nature. Additionally, some of these lava flows are spatially associated with pyroclastic deposits that reveal the occurrence of explosive hydrovolcanic eruptions. The study rocks are classified as alkaline basalts and basanites with high Mg# and Ni- and Cr-rich compositions, close to primitive magmas. They show affinity with continental intraplate settings. The analyses of Ba/Nb, Nb/La, (La/Yb)N, (La/Sm)N, (Gd/Yb)N and (Dy/Yb)N ratios, as well as normalized trace and rare earth element patterns, suggests a genesis by low degrees of partial melting of a residual garnet-bearing mantle source. Therefore, basalts from this part of the Subandean Ranges evidence a magmatic episode probably linked to an extensional reactivation stage of the Salta Group rift system in the Lomas de Olmedo depocenter during the Paleocene (∼60 Ma).
萨普拉山脉(胡胡伊省)是阿根廷安第斯苏班德安山脉中部的南缘。在萨普拉山脉的最北端,玄武岩夹杂在梅阿拉地层中。这些火山岩单元是萨尔塔裂谷盆地断裂后岩浆活动的一部分,主要集中在东部的洛马斯-德奥尔梅多子盆地。本文根据新的地质、岩石学和地球化学数据,对其中六个玄武岩矿点进行了特征描述,以探讨它们在裂谷演化过程中的形成、岩石成因和可能的构造环境。岩屑上部接触面的辉绿岩证明了玄武岩与未固结或固结不牢固的湿沉积物之间的相互作用。这意味着沉积作用与地下岩浆喷发作用同时发生,根据可获得的 Mealla Formation 岩石的锆石 U-Pb 数据,岩浆活动的年代应为古新世。其他玄武岩单元显示出半晶质地,顶部缺乏橄榄石,这表明它们具有挤出性质。此外,其中一些熔岩流在空间上与火成碎屑沉积物相关联,揭示了爆炸性热液火山喷发的发生。研究岩石被归类为碱性玄武岩和玄武岩,具有高镁#、富含镍和铬的成分,接近原始岩浆。它们显示出与大陆板内环境的亲缘关系。对 Ba/Nb、Nb/La、(La/Yb)N、(La/Sm)N、(Gd/Yb)N 和 (Dy/Yb)N 比率以及归一化痕量元素和稀土元素模式的分析表明,它们是由含石榴石的残余地幔源的低度部分熔融形成的。因此,苏班德安山脉这一部分的玄武岩证明,岩浆活动可能与古新世时期(60 Ma)洛马斯德奥尔梅多沉积中心萨尔塔群裂谷系统的延伸再活化阶段有关。
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引用次数: 0
Serra Negra granites as a record of Tonian rifting within the Sergipano Orogenic System, NE Brazil 塞拉内格拉花岗岩是巴西东北部塞尔吉帕诺造山系统内托尼安断裂的记录
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105180
Rayane Gois de Lima , Fábio Santos Pereira , Maria de Lourdes da Silva Rosa , Herbet Conceição
The Serra Negra batholith (940 ± 7 Ma) is one of the most important intrusions related to the Cariris Velhos event (0.9–1.0 Ga) in the southern Borborema Province, NE Brazil. This body crops out as discontinuous slices tectonically intercalated with metasedimentary sequences of the Marancó Domain in the northwestern segment of the Sergipano Orogenic System along the Sergipe and Bahia states. Here, we report new whole-rock geochemical and U-Pb geochronological data on the Tonian Serra Negra granites to elucidate the mechanisms of magma generation and differentiation and advance the understanding of the Cariris Velhos event in the Borborema Province. The Serra Negra intrusion is composed of granites with a monotonous major mineralogy of K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite, and rare muscovite. The accessory phases include titanite, zircon, apatite, allanite, fluorite, thorite, xenotime, ilmenite, and magnetite. Most of the exposed area is now converted into augen-gneisses, with localized occurrences of isotropic, porphyritic granites preserving almost their entire igneous features. Granites from both facies are weakly metaluminous to peraluminous and show calc-alkalic to alkalic affinities, with high FeO∗/(FeO∗+MgO), SiO2, and Na2O + K2O. The augen-gneisses have high HFSE and REE abundances, with significant Eu, Ba, and Sr depletions, akin to A-type granite suites worldwide. Otherwise, porphyritic granites are characterized by relatively Ba and Sr-enriched compositions, along with lower contents of HFSE and REE. The complementary geochemical behavior between augen-gneisses and porphyritic granites suggests that the latter represents partial cumulates of the parental rhyolitic magma, whose extraction led to the highly evolved composition recorded by augen-gneisses. Geological and geochemical evidence indicates that Serra Negra A-type magmas were generated by the partial melting of calc-alkaline granitoids under low-pressure conditions triggered by underplated basaltic magmas in an extensional environment. Taking into account that granite emplacement was contemporary with well-documented rifting episodes in the São Francisco-Congo craton, we interpret the Serra Negra batholith as a record of an attempt to break up the basement of the Borborema Province.
Serra Negra浴成岩(940 ± 7 Ma)是巴西东北部博博雷马省南部与Cariris Velhos事件(0.9-1.0 Ga)有关的最重要侵入体之一。在沿塞尔希培州和巴伊亚州的塞尔希帕诺造山系统西北段,该岩体以不连续的切片构造形式出现,并与Marancó岩域的变质岩序列相互交错。在此,我们报告了有关托尼安Serra Negra花岗岩的新的全岩地球化学和U-Pb地质年代数据,以阐明岩浆生成和分化的机制,并推进对Borborema省Cariris Velhos事件的理解。Serra Negra 侵入体由花岗岩组成,其主要矿物组成单一,包括 K 长石、斜长石、石英、黑云母和稀有的麝香石。附属相包括榍石、锆石、磷灰石、绿帘石、萤石、透辉石、氙石、钛铁矿和磁铁矿。目前,大部分裸露地区已转变为奥长片麻岩,局部地区的各向同性斑状花岗岩几乎保留了其全部火成岩特征。这两种岩相的花岗岩都是弱金属铝质到过铝质,显示出钙质碱质到碱质的亲和性,具有较高的 FeO∗/(FeO∗+MgO)、SiO2 和 Na2O + K2O 含量。螺旋片麻岩具有较高的HFSE和REE丰度,Eu、Ba和Sr贫化明显,与世界范围内的A型花岗岩岩相类似。而斑状花岗岩则具有相对富含钡和锶的成分,以及较低的高频闪锌矿和稀土元素含量。奥长片麻岩和斑状花岗岩之间互补的地球化学行为表明,后者是母体流纹岩岩浆的部分堆积物,其萃取导致了奥长片麻岩记录的高度演化成分。地质和地球化学证据表明,Serra Negra A 型岩浆是钙碱性花岗岩在低压条件下部分熔化产生的,而低压条件是由延伸环境中的下叠玄武岩岩浆引发的。考虑到花岗岩的形成与圣弗朗西斯科-刚果陨石坑有据可查的断裂事件同时发生,我们将塞拉内格拉岩床解释为博博雷马省基底断裂尝试的记录。
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引用次数: 0
Vertebrate paleoburrow as a seasonality indicator in early Cretaceous Três Barras formation (Brazil) 作为早白垩世特里斯-巴拉斯地层(巴西)季节性指标的古脊椎动物
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105183
Caio César Rangel , Heitor Francischini , Luciano Alessandretti , Lucas Veríssimo Warren , Beatriz Christofoletti , Daniel Sedorko
Vertebrate burrows serve as windows into the past, revealing the activities of various organisms and providing clues about their paleoenvironmental conditions. This study focuses on a vertebrate paleoburrow from the Três Barras Formation, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil, aiming to detail and reconstruct aspects of the paleoclimatic conditions that acted in this area during the early Cretaceous within a predominantly eolian paleoenvironment. Through detailed analysis of the sedimentary facies and morphological examination of the burrow, this study suggests that the structure was likely produced by lungfish or lizards. It is located within proximal crevasse splay deposits interbedded with fine floodplain sediments, indicating periods of flooding in a meandering fluvial setting that developed in the marginal areas of the eolian system of the Três Barras Formation. Comparison with other paleoburrows from neighboring basins further enhances our understanding of the paleoenvironmental conditions during the early Cretaceous Period. These findings reinforce evidence of seasonality and suggest a period of intense humidity during the deposition of the Três Barras Formation, which had previously been interpreted as exclusively aeolian.
脊椎动物洞穴是了解过去的窗口,它揭示了各种生物的活动,并提供了有关其古环境条件的线索。本研究的重点是巴西东南部米纳斯吉拉斯州特里斯-巴拉斯地层中的一个脊椎动物古洞穴,旨在详细描述和重建白垩纪早期该地区以风化为主的古环境中的古气候条件。通过对沉积面的详细分析和对洞穴形态的研究,这项研究表明,该结构很可能是由肺鱼或蜥蜴造成的。该洞穴位于与细洪泛区沉积物互层的近端裂隙飞溅沉积物中,表明在特里斯-巴拉斯地层的风化系统边缘地区形成的蜿蜒流河环境中的洪水泛滥时期。与邻近盆地的其他古坟进行比较,进一步加深了我们对白垩纪早期古环境条件的了解。这些发现加强了季节性的证据,并表明特里斯-巴拉斯地层沉积期间曾是一个湿度极高的时期,而此前人们一直认为该地层完全是风化层。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution and hydro-stratigraphy of the coastal aquifer in Garopaba/SC: Interpretation from georadar and tubular wells 加罗帕巴/南卡罗来纳州沿海含水层的演变和水文地层:地质雷达和管井的解释
IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105182
Gabriel Barbosa Drago, Maria Luiza Correa da Camara Rosa, Pedro Antonio Roehe Reginato, Mariah Xavier Rocha
This work analyzes the geological evolution of sedimentary deposits in the coastal aquifer of Garopaba, south Brazil, using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and data from tubular wells. The aquifer is localized in the coastal plain, where Quaternary lagoon-barrier environments are set between the Precambrian crystalline mountains and the sea. Over ten tubular wells are scattered in urbanized areas, which highlights the vulnerability of the unconfined, granular shallow aquifer. The results show that the aquifer has lithologic units of local scale. Tubular well data show the basal limit of the aquifer overlying clayey layers between 30 and 40 m deep and intercalation of sand layers up to the surface, mostly fine to very fine sand, with metric thickness, secondary lenses of clay and minor occurrence of gravel. The radarfacies interpretation shows fluvial-estuarine deposits as a local hydrostratigraphic unit, with lateral accretion bars filling a NE-axis paleochannel. The basal surface of the channel is interpreted as the sequence boundary surface of the lagoon-barrier systems III (upper Pleistocene) and IV (Holocene). The geological evolution of the aquifer is related to the upper Pleistocene marine regression (120–18 ka), that caused the aerial exposure of the continental shelf, and the development of complex drainage channels, which were superimposed during the Holocene transgression by lagoon-barrier IV deposits. After the post-glacial transgression, the lowering of the RSL to the current level promoted the silting of part of the lagoon system by continental sedimentation and aeolian deposits composing the surface.
这项研究利用地面穿透雷达(GPR)和管井数据,分析了巴西南部加罗帕巴沿海含水层沉积物的地质演变。该含水层位于沿海平原,第四纪泻湖屏障环境位于前寒武纪结晶山脉和海洋之间。十多口管井分布在城市化地区,这凸显了无约束、粒状浅含水层的脆弱性。研究结果表明,含水层具有局部规模的岩性单元。管井数据显示,含水层的基底覆盖着 30 至 40 米深的粘土层,砂层的夹层一直延伸到地表,大部分为细砂至极细砂,厚度为公尺,次生透镜状粘土和少量砾石。雷达断面解释显示,河流-河口沉积是当地的一个水文地层单元,横向增生条带填充了一条东北轴向的古河道。该通道的基底面被解释为泻湖屏障系统 III(上更新世)和 IV(全新世)的序列边界面。含水层的地质演变与上更新世的海洋回归(120-18ka)有关,海洋回归导致大陆架露出地面,并形成了复杂的排水沟,在全新世大断裂期间,这些排水沟被泻湖屏障 IV 沉积叠加。冰期过后,RSL 降低到目前的水平,大陆沉积和构成地表的风化沉积物使部分泻湖系统淤塞。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of South American Earth Sciences
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