Pub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.008
Thi Thu Nguyen
We study an asymptotic formula for average orders of Goldbach representations of an integer as the sum of k primes. We extend the existing result for to a general k and obtain a better error term for all k larger than 3. Moreover, we prove an equivalence between the Riemann Hypothesis and a good average order in this case.
{"title":"Goldbach representations with several primes","authors":"Thi Thu Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study an asymptotic formula for average orders of Goldbach representations of an integer as the sum of <em>k</em> primes. We extend the existing result for <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math></span> to a general <em>k</em> and obtain a better error term for all <em>k</em> larger than 3. Moreover, we prove an equivalence between the Riemann Hypothesis and a good average order in this case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 858-877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.003
Timothy Cheek , Pico Gilman , Kareem Jaber , Steven J. Miller , Vismay Sharan , Marie-Hélène Tomé
For a fixed elliptic curve E without complex multiplication, is and converges to a semicircular distribution. Michel proved that for a one-parameter family of elliptic curves with and non-constant j-invariant, the second moment of is . The size and sign of the lower order terms has applications to the distribution of zeros near the central point of Hasse-Weil L-functions and the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. S. J. Miller conjectured that the highest order term of the lower order terms of the second moment that does not average to zero is on average negative. Previous work on the conjecture has been restricted to a small set of highly nongeneric families. We create a database and a framework to quickly and systematically investigate biases in the second moment of any one-parameter family. When looking at families which have so far been beyond current theory, we find several potential violations of the conjecture for and discuss new conjectures motivated by the data.
对于没有复数乘法的固定椭圆曲线E, ap +1−#E(Fp)是O(p), ap/2p收敛于一个半圆分布。Michel证明了对于单参数椭圆曲线族y2=x3+ a (T)x+B(T),其中a (T),B(T)∈Z[T],非常数j不变量,ap(T)的二阶矩为p2+O(p3/2)。低阶项的大小和符号可以应用于Hasse-Weil l -函数中心点附近的零分布以及Birch和Swinnerton-Dyer猜想。S. J. Miller推测,二阶矩的低阶项的最高阶项,如果平均值不为零,则平均为负。先前关于这一猜想的研究仅限于一小部分高度非属的家族。我们创建了一个数据库和一个框架,以快速系统地调查任何单参数族的第二时刻的偏差。当研究到目前为止已经超出当前理论的家庭时,我们发现了p≤250,000的猜想的几个潜在违反,并讨论了由数据激发的新猜想。
{"title":"Numerical investigation of lower order biases in moment expansions of one parameter families of elliptic curves","authors":"Timothy Cheek , Pico Gilman , Kareem Jaber , Steven J. Miller , Vismay Sharan , Marie-Hélène Tomé","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a fixed elliptic curve <em>E</em> without complex multiplication, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≔</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>#</mi><mi>E</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></math></span> is <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>)</mo></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><msqrt><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msqrt></math></span> converges to a semicircular distribution. Michel proved that for a one-parameter family of elliptic curves <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> with <span><math><mi>A</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>∈</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo>[</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>]</mo></math></span> and non-constant <em>j</em>-invariant, the second moment of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span>. The size and sign of the lower order terms has applications to the distribution of zeros near the central point of Hasse-Weil <em>L</em>-functions and the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. S. J. Miller conjectured that the highest order term of the lower order terms of the second moment that does not average to zero is on average negative. Previous work on the conjecture has been restricted to a small set of highly nongeneric families. We create a database and a framework to quickly and systematically investigate biases in the second moment of any one-parameter family. When looking at families which have so far been beyond current theory, we find several potential violations of the conjecture for <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>250</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>000</mn></math></span> and discuss new conjectures motivated by the data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 929-947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.002
Michael Revers
We denote by the usual prime counting function and let the logarithmic integral of x. In 1966, R.S. Lehman came up with a new approach and an effective method for finding an upper bound where it is assured that a sign change occurs for for some value x not higher than this given bound. In this paper we provide further improvements on the error terms including an improvement upon Lehman's famous error term in his original paper. We are now able to completely eliminate the lower condition for the size-length η. For further numerical computations this enables us to establish sharper results on the positions for the sign changes. We illustrate with some numerical computations on the lowest known crossover regions near 10316 and we discuss numerically on potential crossover regions below this value.
{"title":"New bounds in R.S. Lehman's estimates for the difference π(x)−li(x)","authors":"Michael Revers","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We denote by <span><math><mi>π</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> the usual prime counting function and let <span><math><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> the logarithmic integral of <em>x</em>. In 1966, R.S. Lehman came up with a new approach and an effective method for finding an upper bound where it is assured that a sign change occurs for <span><math><mi>π</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> for some value <em>x</em> not higher than this given bound. In this paper we provide further improvements on the error terms including an improvement upon Lehman's famous error term <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> in his original paper. We are now able to completely eliminate the lower condition for the size-length <em>η</em>. For further numerical computations this enables us to establish sharper results on the positions for the sign changes. We illustrate with some numerical computations on the lowest known crossover regions near 10<sup>316</sup> and we discuss numerically on potential crossover regions below this value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 878-909"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.013
Jared Kettinger , Grant Moles
Let R be an order in a number field whose conductor ideal is prime in the ring of integers . In this paper, we explore the factorization properties of such orders. Most notably, we give a complete characterization of the elasticity of R in terms of its class group. We conclude with an application to the computation of class groups of certain orders.
{"title":"Elasticity of orders with prime conductor","authors":"Jared Kettinger , Grant Moles","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <em>R</em> be an order in a number field whose conductor ideal <span><math><mi>P</mi><mo>:</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>:</mo><mover><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover><mo>)</mo></math></span> is prime in the ring of integers <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math></span>. In this paper, we explore the factorization properties of such orders. Most notably, we give a complete characterization of the elasticity of <em>R</em> in terms of its class group. We conclude with an application to the computation of class groups of certain orders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 579-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.009
Yuchen Ding , Honghu Liu , Zi Wang
Let be two relatively prime integers and the set of nonnegative integers. Let be the number of different expressions of n written as a sum of distinct terms taken from . Erdős conjectured and then Birch proved that provided that n is sufficiently large. In this note, for all sufficiently large number n we prove We also show that . Additionally, we will point out the relations between and m-ary partitions.
{"title":"Note on a theorem of Birch–Erdős and m-ary partitions","authors":"Yuchen Ding , Honghu Liu , Zi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>></mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> be two relatively prime integers and <span><math><mi>N</mi></math></span> the set of nonnegative integers. Let <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> be the number of different expressions of <em>n</em> written as a sum of distinct terms taken from <span><math><mo>{</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></msup><mo>:</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. Erdős conjectured and then Birch proved that <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> provided that <em>n</em> is sufficiently large. In this note, for all sufficiently large number <em>n</em> we prove<span><span><span><math><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>p</mi><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>.</mo></math></span></span></span> We also show that <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>lim</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>→</mo><mo>∞</mo></mrow></msub><mo></mo><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. Additionally, we will point out the relations between <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> and <em>m</em>-ary partitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 910-928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.001
Biplab Paul , Sujeet Kumar Singh
Let F be a Hermitian cusp form of weight k and of degree 2 over with Fourier-Jacobi coefficients , . Motivated by a conjecture of W. Kohnen on the growth of Petersson norm of in the set-up of Siegel modular forms, we study analogous questions in the set-up of Hermitian modular forms. We first propose a conjecture in this set-up which is analogous to that of Kohnen. We then provide some evidence by proving the conjecture for cusp forms lying in the Hermitian-Maass subspace. We also study certain other related problems.
{"title":"Variants of Kohnen's conjecture for Hermitian modular forms","authors":"Biplab Paul , Sujeet Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <em>F</em> be a Hermitian cusp form of weight <em>k</em> and of degree 2 over <span><math><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> with Fourier-Jacobi coefficients <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><mi>m</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span>. Motivated by a conjecture of W. Kohnen on the growth of Petersson norm of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in the set-up of Siegel modular forms, we study analogous questions in the set-up of Hermitian modular forms. We first propose a conjecture in this set-up which is analogous to that of Kohnen. We then provide some evidence by proving the conjecture for cusp forms lying in the Hermitian-Maass subspace. We also study certain other related problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 626-650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.016
Qi Jia, Junjie Shi
Besides limsup set, the liminf set also appears widely in Diophantine approximation. It gives precise information about when a point can be well approximated compared with limsup set. Moreover, one usually uses liminf set to determine the dimension of limsup set from below. In this paper, we consider the liminf setting within the context of multiplicative Diophantine approximation. More precisely, let be a sequence of positive integers with exponential growth speed. For any , define Hausdorff dimension of is presented in this note.
{"title":"Exponential shrinking problem in multiplicative Diophantine approximation","authors":"Qi Jia, Junjie Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Besides limsup set, the liminf set also appears widely in Diophantine approximation. It gives precise information about when a point can be well approximated compared with limsup set. Moreover, one usually uses liminf set to determine the dimension of limsup set from below. In this paper, we consider the liminf setting within the context of multiplicative Diophantine approximation. More precisely, let <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> be a sequence of positive integers with exponential growth speed. For any <span><math><mi>τ</mi><mo>></mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>, define<span><span><span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>τ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>]</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup><mo>:</mo><munderover><mo>∏</mo><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></munderover><mo>‖</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>‖</mo><mo>≤</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>τ</mi></mrow></msubsup><mspace></mspace><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>for all</mi></mrow><mspace></mspace><mspace></mspace><mi>n</mi><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>ultimately</mi></mrow><mo>}</mo></mrow><mo>.</mo></math></span></span></span> Hausdorff dimension of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>τ</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is presented in this note.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 969-986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.004
Miroslav Marinov , Nikola Gyulev
In 2016, Dummit, Granville, and Kisilevsky showed that the proportion of semiprimes (products of two primes) not exceeding a given x, whose factors are congruent to 3 modulo 4, is more than a quarter when x is sufficiently large. They have also conjectured that this holds from the very beginning, that is, for all . Here we give a proof of this conjecture. For we take an explicit approach based on their work. We rely on classical estimates for prime counting functions, as well as on very recent explicit improvements by Bennett, Martin, O'Bryant, and Rechnitzer, which have wide applications in essentially any setting involving estimations of sums over primes in arithmetic progressions. All are covered by a computed assisted verification.
{"title":"Proof of the complete presence of a modulo 4 bias for the semiprimes","authors":"Miroslav Marinov , Nikola Gyulev","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2016, Dummit, Granville, and Kisilevsky showed that the proportion of semiprimes (products of two primes) not exceeding a given <em>x</em>, whose factors are congruent to 3 modulo 4, is more than a quarter when <em>x</em> is sufficiently large. They have also conjectured that this holds from the very beginning, that is, for all <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>9</mn></math></span>. Here we give a proof of this conjecture. For <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1.1</mn><mo>⋅</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> we take an explicit approach based on their work. We rely on classical estimates for prime counting functions, as well as on very recent explicit improvements by Bennett, Martin, O'Bryant, and Rechnitzer, which have wide applications in essentially any setting involving estimations of sums over primes in arithmetic progressions. All <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo><</mo><mn>1.1</mn><mo>⋅</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> are covered by a computed assisted verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 777-791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.005
Victor Abrashkin
<div><div>Let <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> be a field of formal Laurent series with coefficients in a finite field of characteristic <em>p</em>. For <span><math><mi>M</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span>, let <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> be the maximal quotient of the Galois group of <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> of period <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> and nilpotent class <<em>p</em> and let <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>{</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>}</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mo>⩾</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> be the filtration by ramification subgroups in upper numbering. We use the identification <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> of nilpotent Artin-Schreier theory: here <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is the group obtained from a suitable profinite Lie <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-algebra <span><math><mi>L</mi></math></span> via the Campbell-Hausdorff composition law. We develop new techniques to obtain a “geometrical” construction of the ideals <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> such that <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>. Given <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>⩾</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, we construct a decreasing central filtration <span><math><mi>L</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, <span><math><mn>1</mn><mo>⩽</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>⩽</mo><mi>p</mi></math></span>, on <span><math><mi>L</mi></math></span>, an epimorphism of Lie <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-algebras <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo>:</mo><msup><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mo>†</mo></mrow></msup><mo>⟶</mo><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo>:</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, and a unipotent action Ω of <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> on <span><math><msup><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mo>†</m
{"title":"Ramification filtration via deformations, II","authors":"Victor Abrashkin","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> be a field of formal Laurent series with coefficients in a finite field of characteristic <em>p</em>. For <span><math><mi>M</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span>, let <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> be the maximal quotient of the Galois group of <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> of period <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> and nilpotent class <<em>p</em> and let <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>{</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>}</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mo>⩾</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> be the filtration by ramification subgroups in upper numbering. We use the identification <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> of nilpotent Artin-Schreier theory: here <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is the group obtained from a suitable profinite Lie <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-algebra <span><math><mi>L</mi></math></span> via the Campbell-Hausdorff composition law. We develop new techniques to obtain a “geometrical” construction of the ideals <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> such that <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo><</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>. Given <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>⩾</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, we construct a decreasing central filtration <span><math><mi>L</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, <span><math><mn>1</mn><mo>⩽</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>⩽</mo><mi>p</mi></math></span>, on <span><math><mi>L</mi></math></span>, an epimorphism of Lie <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-algebras <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo>:</mo><msup><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mo>†</mo></mrow></msup><mo>⟶</mo><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo>:</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, and a unipotent action Ω of <span><math><mi>Z</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> on <span><math><msup><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mo>†</m","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 651-690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.010
Sean B. Lynch
Lustig gave an infinite product formula for the zeta function of a commutative two-dimensional regular local ring with finite residue field. We extend this to the noncommutative setting with a method based on filtration by an invertible ideal. One application gives an abstract two-dimensional analogue of Hey's formula. Another application provides effective formulae for zeta functions over Rump's two-dimensional regular semiperfect rings. In the appendices, we supplement these two-dimensional applications with requisite one-dimensional calculations.
{"title":"Bushnell-Reiner zeta functions over two-dimensional semilocal rings","authors":"Sean B. Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnt.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lustig gave an infinite product formula for the zeta function of a commutative two-dimensional regular local ring with finite residue field. We extend this to the noncommutative setting with a method based on filtration by an invertible ideal. One application gives an abstract two-dimensional analogue of Hey's formula. Another application provides effective formulae for zeta functions over Rump's two-dimensional regular semiperfect rings. In the appendices, we supplement these two-dimensional applications with requisite one-dimensional calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Number Theory","volume":"280 ","pages":"Pages 1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}