Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00575-8
Ahmad Muizzuddin Ahmad Fuad, Lum Sai Guan, Mohd Razif Mohamad Yunus
Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) can either arise primarily as a de novo or from the malignant transformation of a benign pleomorphic adenoma (PA). CXPA mostly occurs in adults aged 50 to 70 years; hence, the occurrence of CXPA in younger ages is not common. We report a 27-year-old female who had a history of submandibulectomy for pleomorphic adenoma, and presented with recurrent left submandibular swelling for 4 months. The mass was rapidly increasing in size and was associated with occasional throbbing pain. Examination showed a multilobulated, firm left submandibular swelling with no overlying skin changes. FNAC was performed twice, by conventional and ultrasound-guided techniques, and both concluded as benign salivary gland tumours. CT scan and MRI revealed a well-demarcated tumour with an area of necrosis within, with no obvious invasion into surrounding soft tissue and no significant lymphadenopathy. Having high suspicion of a malignant transformation, the tumour was resected with a concurrent modified radical neck dissection. The histopathological examination confirmed a carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma with the myoepithelial malignant component. The patient subsequently received adjuvant radiotherapy. This case demonstrated that CXPA, although rare, can occur in young adults. Pre-operative FNAC and radiological imaging may mimic a pleomorphic adenoma. The presence of recurrent tumours with rapid growth should alarm the clinician about a possible malignant transformation of a benign parotid tumour.
{"title":"Never too young for a salivary gland carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma","authors":"Ahmad Muizzuddin Ahmad Fuad, Lum Sai Guan, Mohd Razif Mohamad Yunus","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00575-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00575-8","url":null,"abstract":"Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) can either arise primarily as a de novo or from the malignant transformation of a benign pleomorphic adenoma (PA). CXPA mostly occurs in adults aged 50 to 70 years; hence, the occurrence of CXPA in younger ages is not common. We report a 27-year-old female who had a history of submandibulectomy for pleomorphic adenoma, and presented with recurrent left submandibular swelling for 4 months. The mass was rapidly increasing in size and was associated with occasional throbbing pain. Examination showed a multilobulated, firm left submandibular swelling with no overlying skin changes. FNAC was performed twice, by conventional and ultrasound-guided techniques, and both concluded as benign salivary gland tumours. CT scan and MRI revealed a well-demarcated tumour with an area of necrosis within, with no obvious invasion into surrounding soft tissue and no significant lymphadenopathy. Having high suspicion of a malignant transformation, the tumour was resected with a concurrent modified radical neck dissection. The histopathological examination confirmed a carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma with the myoepithelial malignant component. The patient subsequently received adjuvant radiotherapy. This case demonstrated that CXPA, although rare, can occur in young adults. Pre-operative FNAC and radiological imaging may mimic a pleomorphic adenoma. The presence of recurrent tumours with rapid growth should alarm the clinician about a possible malignant transformation of a benign parotid tumour.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00567-8
Rohit Bhattacharyya, Sushmitha S. Upadhya, Prashanth Prabhu
COVID-19 has caused various implications on physical and mental health of human beings. It included several symptoms involving the auditory vestibular system. This study aims to investigate the impact of active COVID-19 infection on central and peripheral auditory pathways. Two groups of subjects were involved in the research: Group I consisted of 45 individuals with no history of COVID-19, while Group II included 41 individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19 through RT-PCR testing. The audiological battery used in this study included Pure tone audiometry, Digit in Noise test, Dichotic CV test, and Pitch pattern test, all of which were administered online. Testing was conducted in two phases for both groups. Phase 1 testing took place within the first 7 days of a positive RT-PCR result, while Phase 2 testing occurred within a week of a negative RT-PCR test. Additionally, participants completed a questionnaire to provide information on general health conditions and their otological symptoms. The results from Phase 1 testing revealed that Group II exhibited statistically lower scores in all the audiological tests compared to Group I (control group). However, during Phase 2 testing, this significant difference was no longer observed between both groups. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the audiological pathway was compromised during the active infection stage of COVID-19. Therefore, this study highlights changes in performance concerning tests that assess the central auditory system during the infection period. SH/IRB/RP/24. Registered 12 January 2021.
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on peripheral and central hearing abilities","authors":"Rohit Bhattacharyya, Sushmitha S. Upadhya, Prashanth Prabhu","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00567-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00567-8","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has caused various implications on physical and mental health of human beings. It included several symptoms involving the auditory vestibular system. This study aims to investigate the impact of active COVID-19 infection on central and peripheral auditory pathways. Two groups of subjects were involved in the research: Group I consisted of 45 individuals with no history of COVID-19, while Group II included 41 individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19 through RT-PCR testing. The audiological battery used in this study included Pure tone audiometry, Digit in Noise test, Dichotic CV test, and Pitch pattern test, all of which were administered online. Testing was conducted in two phases for both groups. Phase 1 testing took place within the first 7 days of a positive RT-PCR result, while Phase 2 testing occurred within a week of a negative RT-PCR test. Additionally, participants completed a questionnaire to provide information on general health conditions and their otological symptoms. The results from Phase 1 testing revealed that Group II exhibited statistically lower scores in all the audiological tests compared to Group I (control group). However, during Phase 2 testing, this significant difference was no longer observed between both groups. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the audiological pathway was compromised during the active infection stage of COVID-19. Therefore, this study highlights changes in performance concerning tests that assess the central auditory system during the infection period. SH/IRB/RP/24. Registered 12 January 2021.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00569-6
Dalia Mostafa Osman, Asmaa Ahmed Abdel Hamid, Samar Maged, Aisha Fawzy Abdel Hady
Language sample analysis is a naturalistic method used for measuring child’s expressive language abilities. It is used in case of difficulty in direct interaction in remote places or pandemics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of a language sample analysis as an easy applicable screening tool for narrative ability in kindergarten Egyptian bilingual children in order to reach a better understanding of their language profile. Subjects and methods: 150 bilingual Egyptian preschool male and female children exposed to Arabic and English languages were included and divided into two groups according to their age. All were subjected to the BEA-LSA narration assessment including macrostructure, microstructure items, and conversation assessment including verbal and nonverbal items. The results revealed that bilingual children showed better performance in English than Arabic in most of the narration and conversation tasks. However, there was equal development between both age groups in English language regarding temporality, connectives, and reference clarity. The older age group showed higher code switching than younger age group and code switching occurred more from Arabic to English language. Both age groups bilingual children showed better frequency of words and mean length of utterance in narration. While in conversation, both age groups showed better type token ratio. Language sample analysis showed good test–retest reliability. Language sample analysis could identify the characteristic profile of bilingual kindergarten Egyptian children and was a reliable method to analyze both narration and conversation skills of bilingual children.
{"title":"The use of Arabic Language Sample Analysis as a screening tool in kindergarten Egyptian bilingual children","authors":"Dalia Mostafa Osman, Asmaa Ahmed Abdel Hamid, Samar Maged, Aisha Fawzy Abdel Hady","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00569-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00569-6","url":null,"abstract":"Language sample analysis is a naturalistic method used for measuring child’s expressive language abilities. It is used in case of difficulty in direct interaction in remote places or pandemics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of a language sample analysis as an easy applicable screening tool for narrative ability in kindergarten Egyptian bilingual children in order to reach a better understanding of their language profile. Subjects and methods: 150 bilingual Egyptian preschool male and female children exposed to Arabic and English languages were included and divided into two groups according to their age. All were subjected to the BEA-LSA narration assessment including macrostructure, microstructure items, and conversation assessment including verbal and nonverbal items. The results revealed that bilingual children showed better performance in English than Arabic in most of the narration and conversation tasks. However, there was equal development between both age groups in English language regarding temporality, connectives, and reference clarity. The older age group showed higher code switching than younger age group and code switching occurred more from Arabic to English language. Both age groups bilingual children showed better frequency of words and mean length of utterance in narration. While in conversation, both age groups showed better type token ratio. Language sample analysis showed good test–retest reliability. Language sample analysis could identify the characteristic profile of bilingual kindergarten Egyptian children and was a reliable method to analyze both narration and conversation skills of bilingual children.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, young people who listen to loud music, especially through headphones, are at an extremely high risk of noise-induced hearing loss. The aim of this study was to investigate how young people’s listening habits affect their hearing thresholds. A total of 88 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 took part in the study, 44 of whom listened to music through headphones while the others did not. The control group was exposed to white noise at 55–65 dB with the Interacoustic AC 40 Hybrid Audiometer, and people who did not use headphones and said they were not exposed to higher levels of sound than the given sample were included in the study. Participants were given a survey to assess their music listening preferences. One hundred twenty-five to 18,000 Hz air conduction hearing thresholds were assessed for all participants. When the pure tone thresholds of the groups were compared, the independent t-test showed that the thresholds of the study group were significantly worse than those of the control group. Bilaterally in the 4000 Hz band and for the left ear in the 6000 Hz band (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences between the groups in the 14,000 Hz and 16,000 Hz bands in the right ear and the 14,000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz bands in the left ear (p < 0.05). Twenty-two participants reported listening to music at a high level, 16 participants at a moderate level, and 6 participants at a very high level. Although the hearing thresholds of the study group were worse than those of the control group in the 4000 Hz, 6000 Hz, 14,000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz bands, the hearing thresholds of both groups were still within the hearing range and could be classified as normal. It should be remembered that hearing will deteriorate if a person listens to loud or very loud music continuously through headphones. The public, especially young people, should be made aware of this.
{"title":"The effects of music listening time with headphones on hearing thresholds among the young population","authors":"Hülya Osmanoğlu, Handan Turan Dizdar, Azize Arzu Koçyiğit","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00574-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00574-9","url":null,"abstract":"Today, young people who listen to loud music, especially through headphones, are at an extremely high risk of noise-induced hearing loss. The aim of this study was to investigate how young people’s listening habits affect their hearing thresholds. A total of 88 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 took part in the study, 44 of whom listened to music through headphones while the others did not. The control group was exposed to white noise at 55–65 dB with the Interacoustic AC 40 Hybrid Audiometer, and people who did not use headphones and said they were not exposed to higher levels of sound than the given sample were included in the study. Participants were given a survey to assess their music listening preferences. One hundred twenty-five to 18,000 Hz air conduction hearing thresholds were assessed for all participants. When the pure tone thresholds of the groups were compared, the independent t-test showed that the thresholds of the study group were significantly worse than those of the control group. Bilaterally in the 4000 Hz band and for the left ear in the 6000 Hz band (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences between the groups in the 14,000 Hz and 16,000 Hz bands in the right ear and the 14,000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz bands in the left ear (p < 0.05). Twenty-two participants reported listening to music at a high level, 16 participants at a moderate level, and 6 participants at a very high level. Although the hearing thresholds of the study group were worse than those of the control group in the 4000 Hz, 6000 Hz, 14,000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz bands, the hearing thresholds of both groups were still within the hearing range and could be classified as normal. It should be remembered that hearing will deteriorate if a person listens to loud or very loud music continuously through headphones. The public, especially young people, should be made aware of this.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To compare the EMG rectified amplitude, absolute latencies, interpeak interval, and Interaural asymmetry parameters of masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) elicited using clicks, 500 Hz tone bursts, and 500 Hz NB CE-chirps. Twenty-five young healthy adults in the age range of 18–27 years participated for the study. mVEMP was recorded using three different acoustic stimuli i.e., clicks, 500 Hz tone bursts, and 500 Hz NB CE-chirps. mVEMP was recorded at an intensity of 125 dB peSPL with 5.1/s repetition rate. The potentials were recorded ipsilaterally using zygomatic electrode montage and were filtered between 0.1 and 3000 Hz. EMG rectification of the responses was made prior to analysis. The latencies of P1 and N1 were significantly earlier for chirps then followed by click and tone bursts. The EMG rectified amplitude was significantly larger for the potentials obtained using chirps followed by tone bursts and then the clicks. Masseter VEMP obtained using chirps had significantly larger interpeak interval than tone bursts and clicks. The mean amplitude asymmetry ratio was greater in the potentials obtained using chirps than the other two stimuli. The present study reveals that 500 Hz NB CE-chirps tend to produce mVEMP with larger response amplitude and earlier latencies and thus are considered better and constructive stimuli compared to clicks and tone bursts.
{"title":"Optimum stimulus for eliciting masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential: a comparative exploration with three different acoustic stimuli","authors":"Aishwarya Nagarajan, Vinayagar Pazhani Thirusangu, Gunasekaran Mohanlal, Sujeet Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00570-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00570-z","url":null,"abstract":"To compare the EMG rectified amplitude, absolute latencies, interpeak interval, and Interaural asymmetry parameters of masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) elicited using clicks, 500 Hz tone bursts, and 500 Hz NB CE-chirps. Twenty-five young healthy adults in the age range of 18–27 years participated for the study. mVEMP was recorded using three different acoustic stimuli i.e., clicks, 500 Hz tone bursts, and 500 Hz NB CE-chirps. mVEMP was recorded at an intensity of 125 dB peSPL with 5.1/s repetition rate. The potentials were recorded ipsilaterally using zygomatic electrode montage and were filtered between 0.1 and 3000 Hz. EMG rectification of the responses was made prior to analysis. The latencies of P1 and N1 were significantly earlier for chirps then followed by click and tone bursts. The EMG rectified amplitude was significantly larger for the potentials obtained using chirps followed by tone bursts and then the clicks. Masseter VEMP obtained using chirps had significantly larger interpeak interval than tone bursts and clicks. The mean amplitude asymmetry ratio was greater in the potentials obtained using chirps than the other two stimuli. The present study reveals that 500 Hz NB CE-chirps tend to produce mVEMP with larger response amplitude and earlier latencies and thus are considered better and constructive stimuli compared to clicks and tone bursts.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00562-z
Hagar Ahmed Elsayed, Ebtessam Hamed Nada, Dalia Helal Galhoum, Nadia Mohamed Elnabtity
The evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) is an objective electrophysiological test used to assess the brainstem’s auditory neural activity. Speech ABR (s-ABR) testing using verbal stimuli gives more important details about how the brainstem processes speech inputs which enables the detection of auditory processing impairments that do not manifest in click-provoked ABR. The use of speech syllables in the s-ABR reveals an important brainstem function that plays a crucial part in reading development and phonologic achievement which is an assessment of speech syllables. The syllable /da/ is often utilized in s-ABR measurement being a global syllable that can be tested in many nations with effective experimental confidence. The speech ABR is an objective, unbiased, quick test. It can be used to differentiate between many conditions such as auditory processing disorders (APD), specific language impairment (SLI), and children with academic challenges.
{"title":"Speech auditory brainstem responses (s-ABRs) as a new approach for the assessment of speech sounds coding","authors":"Hagar Ahmed Elsayed, Ebtessam Hamed Nada, Dalia Helal Galhoum, Nadia Mohamed Elnabtity","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00562-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00562-z","url":null,"abstract":"The evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) is an objective electrophysiological test used to assess the brainstem’s auditory neural activity. Speech ABR (s-ABR) testing using verbal stimuli gives more important details about how the brainstem processes speech inputs which enables the detection of auditory processing impairments that do not manifest in click-provoked ABR. The use of speech syllables in the s-ABR reveals an important brainstem function that plays a crucial part in reading development and phonologic achievement which is an assessment of speech syllables. The syllable /da/ is often utilized in s-ABR measurement being a global syllable that can be tested in many nations with effective experimental confidence. The speech ABR is an objective, unbiased, quick test. It can be used to differentiate between many conditions such as auditory processing disorders (APD), specific language impairment (SLI), and children with academic challenges.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00568-7
K. P. Basavaraju, S. K. Ranjani, V. Sri Vaibhava, Sushmita Sulhyan
Adenoid hyperplasia is a common cause of nasal obstruction in children. Chronic infection and hypertrophy result in mouth breathing, snoring, sleep apnoea, hyponasality, sinusitis, and otitis media with effusion (OME). Some children with adenoid hypertrophy have OME in spite of having no complaints of hearing loss. Untreated OME may adversely affect the speech and intellectual development of the child. Aim To determine whether there is a correlation between tympanometric findings and various radiological and endoscopic grades of adenoid hypertrophy. To propose a combination of radiological and/or endoscopic assessment of adenoids and tympanometry as a screening program in patients with suspicion of adenoid hypertrophy. Materials and methods One hundred children, presenting with one or more complaints of upper airway obstruction (UAO), suggestive of adenoid hypertrophy, without a history of hearing loss, to the OPD, were chosen for the study. X-ray nasopharynx soft tissue lateral view was done for all patients. Rigid diagnostic nasal endoscopy with 0° endoscope was conducted in only children who were cooperative and with parental consent. Tympanometry was carried out for all patients and plotted on tympanograms. Results In our study, the mean age of children is 9.43 ± 2.430 years with gender distribution being 57% males and 43% females. The majority of children tend to present with nasal obstruction (100%), mouth breathing (83%), and snoring (56%). On both radiological and endoscopic evaluation of adenoids and correlation with tympanogram, a significantly higher number of patients with Grade 1 adenoids have a type A curve, while a significantly higher number of grade 3 adenoids patients have a type B curve and type C is significantly more prevalent in grade 2 and grade 4 adenoids (p < 0.05). Conclusion In our study, adenoid size as measured from both adenoid X-ray and adenoid endoscopy, showed a significant association with the presence of middle ear effusion and also with eustachian tube dysfunction. This helps in early detection, prior to the development of hearing loss, making it easy to plan early intervention, and curbing the possibility of aggravation of the condition and occurrence of complications.
腺样体增生是导致儿童鼻塞的常见原因。慢性感染和腺样体肥大会导致口呼吸、打鼾、睡眠呼吸暂停、鼻塞、鼻窦炎和中耳炎伴渗出（OME）。有些腺样体肥大患儿虽然没有听力损失的症状，但却患有中耳积液。OME 如不及时治疗，可能会对儿童的言语和智力发育造成不良影响。目的 确定鼓室测量结果与腺样体肥大的各种放射学和内窥镜分级之间是否存在相关性。建议将腺样体的放射学和/或内窥镜评估与鼓室测量相结合，作为怀疑腺样体肥大患者的筛查方案。材料和方法 本次研究选择了 100 名在门诊部就诊、有一次或多次上气道阻塞（UAO）主诉、提示腺样体肥大、无听力损失病史的儿童。对所有患者进行鼻咽软组织侧视 X 光检查。仅对合作并征得家长同意的儿童使用 0° 内窥镜进行鼻内窥镜硬性诊断检查。对所有患者进行鼓室测量并绘制鼓室图。结果 在我们的研究中，儿童的平均年龄为（9.43 ± 2.430）岁，性别分布为男性占 57%，女性占 43%。大多数患儿往往伴有鼻塞（100%）、口呼吸（83%）和打鼾（56%）。通过放射学和内窥镜对腺样体进行评估，并与鼓室造影相关联，1 级腺样体患者的 A 型曲线明显较多，而 3 级腺样体患者的 B 型曲线明显较多，2 级和 4 级腺样体患者的 C 型曲线明显较多（P < 0.05）。结论 在我们的研究中，通过腺样体 X 光片和腺样体内窥镜检查测量到的腺样体大小与中耳积液和咽鼓管功能障碍有显著关联。这有助于在出现听力损失之前及早发现，便于制定早期干预计划，并遏制病情加重和并发症发生的可能性。
{"title":"Correlation between tympanometric findings and adenoid hypertrophy among children without hearing loss in tertiary care hospital","authors":"K. P. Basavaraju, S. K. Ranjani, V. Sri Vaibhava, Sushmita Sulhyan","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00568-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00568-7","url":null,"abstract":"Adenoid hyperplasia is a common cause of nasal obstruction in children. Chronic infection and hypertrophy result in mouth breathing, snoring, sleep apnoea, hyponasality, sinusitis, and otitis media with effusion (OME). Some children with adenoid hypertrophy have OME in spite of having no complaints of hearing loss. Untreated OME may adversely affect the speech and intellectual development of the child. Aim To determine whether there is a correlation between tympanometric findings and various radiological and endoscopic grades of adenoid hypertrophy. To propose a combination of radiological and/or endoscopic assessment of adenoids and tympanometry as a screening program in patients with suspicion of adenoid hypertrophy. Materials and methods One hundred children, presenting with one or more complaints of upper airway obstruction (UAO), suggestive of adenoid hypertrophy, without a history of hearing loss, to the OPD, were chosen for the study. X-ray nasopharynx soft tissue lateral view was done for all patients. Rigid diagnostic nasal endoscopy with 0° endoscope was conducted in only children who were cooperative and with parental consent. Tympanometry was carried out for all patients and plotted on tympanograms. Results In our study, the mean age of children is 9.43 ± 2.430 years with gender distribution being 57% males and 43% females. The majority of children tend to present with nasal obstruction (100%), mouth breathing (83%), and snoring (56%). On both radiological and endoscopic evaluation of adenoids and correlation with tympanogram, a significantly higher number of patients with Grade 1 adenoids have a type A curve, while a significantly higher number of grade 3 adenoids patients have a type B curve and type C is significantly more prevalent in grade 2 and grade 4 adenoids (p < 0.05). Conclusion In our study, adenoid size as measured from both adenoid X-ray and adenoid endoscopy, showed a significant association with the presence of middle ear effusion and also with eustachian tube dysfunction. This helps in early detection, prior to the development of hearing loss, making it easy to plan early intervention, and curbing the possibility of aggravation of the condition and occurrence of complications.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00564-x
Raid M. Al-Ani, Tahrir N. Aldelaimi, Afrah A. Khalil, Suzan M. Abdulkareem
Dentigerous cysts are the second most common form of a developmental cyst. These cysts might be the cause of ectopic teeth. Dentigerous cysts associated with ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus are seldom seen in clinical practice. We reported a 23-year-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction and facial pain on the left side 4 months ago. Three courses of antibiotics and analgesia were prescribed for her without improving the presenting features. Furthermore, extraction of the left upper second premolar and second molar, but the condition persisted. An orthopantogram and computerized tomography scan revealed the ectopic position of the left third upper molar tooth, which was embedded in a cystic lesion occupying the whole maxillary sinus. Removal of the cystic lesion with the ectopic tooth was performed with a Caldwell-Luc procedure. The histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of a dentigerous cyst. The presenting symptoms were resolved following surgery with no intra- or postoperative complications. We are reporting another case of a dentigerous cyst occupying the whole left maxillary sinus with an ectopic left third upper molar tooth. Reporting such a case will enrich the literature regarding this rare clinical entity.
{"title":"Ectopic upper third molar embedded in a dentigerous cyst of the maxillary sinus: a case report and literature review","authors":"Raid M. Al-Ani, Tahrir N. Aldelaimi, Afrah A. Khalil, Suzan M. Abdulkareem","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00564-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00564-x","url":null,"abstract":"Dentigerous cysts are the second most common form of a developmental cyst. These cysts might be the cause of ectopic teeth. Dentigerous cysts associated with ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus are seldom seen in clinical practice. We reported a 23-year-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction and facial pain on the left side 4 months ago. Three courses of antibiotics and analgesia were prescribed for her without improving the presenting features. Furthermore, extraction of the left upper second premolar and second molar, but the condition persisted. An orthopantogram and computerized tomography scan revealed the ectopic position of the left third upper molar tooth, which was embedded in a cystic lesion occupying the whole maxillary sinus. Removal of the cystic lesion with the ectopic tooth was performed with a Caldwell-Luc procedure. The histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of a dentigerous cyst. The presenting symptoms were resolved following surgery with no intra- or postoperative complications. We are reporting another case of a dentigerous cyst occupying the whole left maxillary sinus with an ectopic left third upper molar tooth. Reporting such a case will enrich the literature regarding this rare clinical entity.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early-stage glottic carcinomas can be treated with either laser surgery or radiotherapy. Both approaches have demonstrated similar cure rates. However, the question of which modality is superior in terms of voice outcomes remains a topic of debate. In our study, we conducted a comparison of short-term phonatory outcomes in patients with primary early glottic cancer who underwent treatment using both modalities. We assessed these outcomes using videostroboscopy and voice analysis software at three time points: immediately following treatment, at 1 month, and at 3 months post-treatment. Voice analysis revealed that laser surgery had a more favorable immediate effect compared to radiotherapy in parameters such as jitter, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio, and fundamental frequency. However, at the 3-month post-treatment mark, both treatment modalities demonstrated similar effects. Additionally, both modalities had comparable effects on maximum phonation time. Videostroboscopy observations showed that mucosal wave forms were more prominent immediately after laser surgery and gradually improved following radiotherapy. Furthermore, patients with incomplete glottic closure experienced recovery after both treatment modalities. Based on the results, there are better outcomes immediately following LS compared to RT. However, after a 3-month period, the outcomes of both treatment modalities become comparable. The treating physicians must consider various factors such as complications, patient-specific considerations, treatment costs, and duration to make informed decisions. A personalized approach considering the individual patient’s circumstances is crucial in achieving optimal results in the management of T1 laryngeal cancer.
{"title":"A comparative study of short-term phonatory outcomes in primary cases of early glottic cancer treated with radiotherapy versus laser surgery","authors":"Devender Kumar Gupta, Mahesh Ravunnikutty, Sanajeet Kumar Singh, Rajeev Chugh, Ravi Roy, Sunil Goyal, Himanshu Swami, Bhaumik Patel, Sneha Yadav, Sween Banger","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00565-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00565-w","url":null,"abstract":"Early-stage glottic carcinomas can be treated with either laser surgery or radiotherapy. Both approaches have demonstrated similar cure rates. However, the question of which modality is superior in terms of voice outcomes remains a topic of debate. In our study, we conducted a comparison of short-term phonatory outcomes in patients with primary early glottic cancer who underwent treatment using both modalities. We assessed these outcomes using videostroboscopy and voice analysis software at three time points: immediately following treatment, at 1 month, and at 3 months post-treatment. Voice analysis revealed that laser surgery had a more favorable immediate effect compared to radiotherapy in parameters such as jitter, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio, and fundamental frequency. However, at the 3-month post-treatment mark, both treatment modalities demonstrated similar effects. Additionally, both modalities had comparable effects on maximum phonation time. Videostroboscopy observations showed that mucosal wave forms were more prominent immediately after laser surgery and gradually improved following radiotherapy. Furthermore, patients with incomplete glottic closure experienced recovery after both treatment modalities. Based on the results, there are better outcomes immediately following LS compared to RT. However, after a 3-month period, the outcomes of both treatment modalities become comparable. The treating physicians must consider various factors such as complications, patient-specific considerations, treatment costs, and duration to make informed decisions. A personalized approach considering the individual patient’s circumstances is crucial in achieving optimal results in the management of T1 laryngeal cancer.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00573-w
Amira Mansour, Ayman Amer, Ali Sobh, Maysaa Zaki, Tamer Abou-Elsaad
The study aimed to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency is a common finding in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children and whether such deficiency is related to ASD severity and language age or not. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on ASD children aged 2-6 years. The participants were 80 Egyptian children with ASD. All participants were assessed using DSM-V, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), language assessment, and assessment of serum vitamin D using ADVIA Centaur Vit D assay. About 63.8% of ASD children have vitamin D insufficiency, 28.8 % have vitamin D deficiency, and 7.4% have normal serum levels. No correlation was found between serum vitamin D and language age (r = -0.085, P = 0.451), DSM 5 severity levels (r = 0.015, P= 0.894), and CARS scores (r= 0.075, P= 0.511). ASD children have lower serum vitamin D levels, which may be one of the environmental factors contributing to ASD development in genetically susceptible individuals, and its correction may be helpful as adjuvant therapy for ASD.
该研究旨在调查自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童是否普遍缺乏维生素D，以及这种缺乏是否与自闭症谱系障碍的严重程度和语言年龄有关。该研究针对 2-6 岁的自闭症谱系障碍儿童开展了一项横断面观察研究。研究对象为 80 名患有 ASD 的埃及儿童。所有参与者均接受了 DSM-V、儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）、语言评估以及使用 ADVIA Centaur 维生素 D 检测仪进行的血清维生素 D 评估。约 63.8% 的自闭症儿童维生素 D 不足，28.8% 的自闭症儿童维生素 D 缺乏，7.4% 的自闭症儿童血清维生素 D 水平正常。血清维生素 D 与语言年龄（r = -0.085，P = 0.451）、DSM 5 严重程度（r = 0.015，P = 0.894）和 CARS 评分（r = 0.075，P = 0.511）之间没有相关性。ASD儿童的血清维生素D水平较低，这可能是导致遗传易感个体发生ASD的环境因素之一，其纠正可能有助于ASD的辅助治疗。
{"title":"Vitamin D profile in autism spectrum disorder children and its relation to the disease severity","authors":"Amira Mansour, Ayman Amer, Ali Sobh, Maysaa Zaki, Tamer Abou-Elsaad","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00573-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00573-w","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency is a common finding in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children and whether such deficiency is related to ASD severity and language age or not. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on ASD children aged 2-6 years. The participants were 80 Egyptian children with ASD. All participants were assessed using DSM-V, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), language assessment, and assessment of serum vitamin D using ADVIA Centaur Vit D assay. About 63.8% of ASD children have vitamin D insufficiency, 28.8 % have vitamin D deficiency, and 7.4% have normal serum levels. No correlation was found between serum vitamin D and language age (r = -0.085, P = 0.451), DSM 5 severity levels (r = 0.015, P= 0.894), and CARS scores (r= 0.075, P= 0.511). ASD children have lower serum vitamin D levels, which may be one of the environmental factors contributing to ASD development in genetically susceptible individuals, and its correction may be helpful as adjuvant therapy for ASD.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"297 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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