Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00662-w
Nihal Hisham Abdelhamid, Hanaa Fadel
Cochlear implant (CI) benefits deaf children's speech perception, language development and speech production. Early fitting of an implant results in improved outcomes. Over a period of more than 3 decades, cochlear implantation (CI) is firmly known as safe and effective treatment for children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who develop minimal or no benefit from conventional hearing aid use. The primary aim of CI is to improve auditory perception of the child and hence the spoken language. The development of functional spoken language would be the major long-term benefits of CI. Children who received a cochlear implant before a real delay in spoken language development (i.e., between 12–16 months) were more able to achieve age-appropriate spoken language. These results strengthen the idea of doing cochlear implantation before 24 months of age, especially for children with a better ear aided pure tone with average thresholds greater than 65 dB prior to surgery.The main aim is to study the effect of age on CI patients results by applying simple questioners on 31 CI children, that are easy to assess the auditory perception and discrimination as an important prerequisite for language development. Results There was an inverse correlation between; age at CI, categories of auditory performance (CAPS), and meaningful auditory integration scale (MAIS) scores. While; there was direct correlation between MAIS & CAPS scores. Conclusions The auditory perception development after CI in children being 3 years old or younger is much better than the older children which would be reflected on their speech perception and acquiring their 1st word and sentence, but language development did not differ between both groups for this period of follow up. With a need of further detailed full language aspects assessment and follow up to ensure these results.
{"title":"Age as an important variable that affects auditory and language results after cochlear implant","authors":"Nihal Hisham Abdelhamid, Hanaa Fadel","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00662-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00662-w","url":null,"abstract":"Cochlear implant (CI) benefits deaf children's speech perception, language development and speech production. Early fitting of an implant results in improved outcomes. Over a period of more than 3 decades, cochlear implantation (CI) is firmly known as safe and effective treatment for children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who develop minimal or no benefit from conventional hearing aid use. The primary aim of CI is to improve auditory perception of the child and hence the spoken language. The development of functional spoken language would be the major long-term benefits of CI. Children who received a cochlear implant before a real delay in spoken language development (i.e., between 12–16 months) were more able to achieve age-appropriate spoken language. These results strengthen the idea of doing cochlear implantation before 24 months of age, especially for children with a better ear aided pure tone with average thresholds greater than 65 dB prior to surgery.The main aim is to study the effect of age on CI patients results by applying simple questioners on 31 CI children, that are easy to assess the auditory perception and discrimination as an important prerequisite for language development. Results There was an inverse correlation between; age at CI, categories of auditory performance (CAPS), and meaningful auditory integration scale (MAIS) scores. While; there was direct correlation between MAIS & CAPS scores. Conclusions The auditory perception development after CI in children being 3 years old or younger is much better than the older children which would be reflected on their speech perception and acquiring their 1st word and sentence, but language development did not differ between both groups for this period of follow up. With a need of further detailed full language aspects assessment and follow up to ensure these results.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00674-6
Bárbara Silva Gameiro, Ana Catarina Silva Fonseca, Bruna Sofia Costa Guimarães, Carolina Ferreira Gomes Andrade, Diogo Teixeira China Pereira, Rosa Inês Magalhães Ferreira, Maria da Conceição Coelho Moreira
Vertigo is a common presenting symptom in clinical practice, predominantly of vestibular etiology, and often medicated with betahistine, despite the lack of knowledge concerning its mechanism of action. This paper’s objective was to review the scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of betahistine on peripheral vertigo. A systematic search of articles written in English, published within the past 10 years, was conducted in April 2024, on online evidence-based medicine databases, using the MeSH terms “betahistine,” “ménière disease,” “acute vestibular neuritis,” “paroxysmal vertigo,” “acute peripheral vestibulopathy,” and “labyrinthitis.” The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy of the American Academy of Family Physicians was used to evaluate the level of evidence and strength of recommendation. This review included 12 articles for evidence analysis. Concerning Menière’s disease, despite contradictory results, three of the articles analyzed showed a positive effect of betahistine, which is in line with the recommendations of the European Academy of Otology and Neurotology and NICE guidelines, while the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology guidelines suggest offering betahistine as maintenance therapy. For benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the established treatment is repositioning maneuvers, and three of the five studies analyzed proved the addition of betahistine to be beneficial. In regard to peripheral vertigo from other causes, two out of three articles revealed a positive recommendation for the use of betahistine. There is a potential benefit to the utilization of betahistine for various etiologies of peripheral vertigo. However, additional studies are required to establish more robust evidence.
{"title":"Betahistine in the treatment of peripheral vertigo: an evidence-based review","authors":"Bárbara Silva Gameiro, Ana Catarina Silva Fonseca, Bruna Sofia Costa Guimarães, Carolina Ferreira Gomes Andrade, Diogo Teixeira China Pereira, Rosa Inês Magalhães Ferreira, Maria da Conceição Coelho Moreira","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00674-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00674-6","url":null,"abstract":"Vertigo is a common presenting symptom in clinical practice, predominantly of vestibular etiology, and often medicated with betahistine, despite the lack of knowledge concerning its mechanism of action. This paper’s objective was to review the scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of betahistine on peripheral vertigo. A systematic search of articles written in English, published within the past 10 years, was conducted in April 2024, on online evidence-based medicine databases, using the MeSH terms “betahistine,” “ménière disease,” “acute vestibular neuritis,” “paroxysmal vertigo,” “acute peripheral vestibulopathy,” and “labyrinthitis.” The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy of the American Academy of Family Physicians was used to evaluate the level of evidence and strength of recommendation. This review included 12 articles for evidence analysis. Concerning Menière’s disease, despite contradictory results, three of the articles analyzed showed a positive effect of betahistine, which is in line with the recommendations of the European Academy of Otology and Neurotology and NICE guidelines, while the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology guidelines suggest offering betahistine as maintenance therapy. For benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the established treatment is repositioning maneuvers, and three of the five studies analyzed proved the addition of betahistine to be beneficial. In regard to peripheral vertigo from other causes, two out of three articles revealed a positive recommendation for the use of betahistine. There is a potential benefit to the utilization of betahistine for various etiologies of peripheral vertigo. However, additional studies are required to establish more robust evidence.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00679-1
Syarifah Nafisah Al-Yahya, Norazila Abdul Rahim, Abdul Azim Al-Abrar Ahmad Kailani, Muhamad Ariff Sobani, Masaany Mansor
Dysgeusia or altered taste is a rare complication following suspension microlaryngoscopy with the incidence ranging from 2.9 to 12.1%. We report this with recommendations to avoid similar complications following suspension laryngoscopy, tonsillectomy, and tongue base surgery which require pressure to be placed on the tongue for better surgical field visualization. A 53-year-old man with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with long standing history of irritative cough, globus sensation, and evidence of laryngopharyngeal reflux. A left ventricle swelling was noted on flexible laryngoscopy and neck. He underwent direct laryngoscopy and biopsy of the left ventricle lesion which revealed to be acute on chronic inflammation. Day 1 postoperatively, patient complained of reduced sensation over left hemi-tongue. A referral to a neurologist was made for further examination and he was found to have loss of taste over anterior two-third of tongue and treated with vitamin B complex. To date, dysgeusia remains persistent. Patient relayed his grievances to the hospital following these complications. Review of literature on relevant topic was made through PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Database by two reviewers, working independently. Twenty-three papers, available in full, written in English language, containing number of cases, type of surgery, and complications were extracted and studied. Risk of dysgeusia and paresthesia postoperatively should be informed during consent taking for all patients undergoing tonsillectomy, laryngeal microsurgery, and tongue base surgery. Zinc deficiency should be investigated in patients with persistent taste disturbance post-tonsillectomy. Intermittent release during suspension laryngoscopy beyond 30 min to reduce post-surgical complications. Greater care should be taken to reduce the amount of force during the suspension laryngoscopy due to smaller oral and oropharyngeal structure in female. Keeping close to the tonsillar capsule particularly in mid and lower pole areas should be done in tonsillectomy using diathermy dissection.
{"title":"Dysgeusia and paresthesia following suspension microlaryngoscopy: review and recommendations for risk reduction","authors":"Syarifah Nafisah Al-Yahya, Norazila Abdul Rahim, Abdul Azim Al-Abrar Ahmad Kailani, Muhamad Ariff Sobani, Masaany Mansor","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00679-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00679-1","url":null,"abstract":"Dysgeusia or altered taste is a rare complication following suspension microlaryngoscopy with the incidence ranging from 2.9 to 12.1%. We report this with recommendations to avoid similar complications following suspension laryngoscopy, tonsillectomy, and tongue base surgery which require pressure to be placed on the tongue for better surgical field visualization. A 53-year-old man with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with long standing history of irritative cough, globus sensation, and evidence of laryngopharyngeal reflux. A left ventricle swelling was noted on flexible laryngoscopy and neck. He underwent direct laryngoscopy and biopsy of the left ventricle lesion which revealed to be acute on chronic inflammation. Day 1 postoperatively, patient complained of reduced sensation over left hemi-tongue. A referral to a neurologist was made for further examination and he was found to have loss of taste over anterior two-third of tongue and treated with vitamin B complex. To date, dysgeusia remains persistent. Patient relayed his grievances to the hospital following these complications. Review of literature on relevant topic was made through PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Database by two reviewers, working independently. Twenty-three papers, available in full, written in English language, containing number of cases, type of surgery, and complications were extracted and studied. Risk of dysgeusia and paresthesia postoperatively should be informed during consent taking for all patients undergoing tonsillectomy, laryngeal microsurgery, and tongue base surgery. Zinc deficiency should be investigated in patients with persistent taste disturbance post-tonsillectomy. Intermittent release during suspension laryngoscopy beyond 30 min to reduce post-surgical complications. Greater care should be taken to reduce the amount of force during the suspension laryngoscopy due to smaller oral and oropharyngeal structure in female. Keeping close to the tonsillar capsule particularly in mid and lower pole areas should be done in tonsillectomy using diathermy dissection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00663-9
Essam Eldin Mohamed Aref, Gamal Abd El-Hamed Ahmed, Reham AbdEl-Wakil Ibrahim, Aya Essam Shrkawy
Following thyroid surgery, vocal changes are a common complication and well-known morbidity that may be linked to neuronal and non-neuronal voice breakdown. Nevertheless, their effects on different voice characteristics are not fully understood, and their bases are still poorly characterized. In order to determine the diagnostic indicators that address the nature of such post-thyroidectomy voice alternations, this study was designed to provide a multidimensional assessment of vocal function after thyroid surgery. This research was a 1-year prospective cohort study conducted on 100 adult patients aged 40.19 (± 12.82) years who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Phoniatric Unit, Assiut University Hospital, and scheduled to undergo thyroid surgery during the period from November 2020 to November 2021. All subjects underwent vocal assessment preoperatively and 15 days, 1 month, and 2 months postoperatively by filled in subjective evaluation of voice complaints via voice handicap index (VHI-30), auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the voice, and videolaryngoscopy in addition to acoustic analysis using computerized speech lab (CSL). Statistical analysis was performed to compare multi-parameter voice assessment tools across different assessment time points. The voice changes were significantly decreased from 51.0% after 15 days postoperatively to 33.0% after 2 months of follow-up. Among these cases, 35.0% cases developed vocal fold paralysis and complained of a breathy voice (27% developed unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and 8% developed bilateral focal fold lesions), and the remaining 16.0% cases had no paralytic manifestations. Also, only one case developed gross lesion “bilateral vocal fold nodules.” The subjective evaluation of voice outcome after thyroidectomy showed significant improvement in VHI subscales and total score from 15 days postoperatively to 2 months of follow-up (P < 0.001). All of the acoustic parameters except HNR showed a significant difference across the different assessment settings (P < 0.001). Thyroidectomy can result in significant vocal alterations, even in cases where the laryngeal nerve is unharmed. These changes should be taken into consideration in patient having thyroid surgery, especially a total thyroidectomy because of malignant lesions. More efforts are needed in order to determine the extent and pathophysiological reasons for the vocal alterations following thyroid surgery in order to reduce the morbidity associated with one of the most popular surgical procedures performed globally.
{"title":"Vocal dysfunction following thyroid surgery: a multidimensional subjective and objective study","authors":"Essam Eldin Mohamed Aref, Gamal Abd El-Hamed Ahmed, Reham AbdEl-Wakil Ibrahim, Aya Essam Shrkawy","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00663-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00663-9","url":null,"abstract":"Following thyroid surgery, vocal changes are a common complication and well-known morbidity that may be linked to neuronal and non-neuronal voice breakdown. Nevertheless, their effects on different voice characteristics are not fully understood, and their bases are still poorly characterized. In order to determine the diagnostic indicators that address the nature of such post-thyroidectomy voice alternations, this study was designed to provide a multidimensional assessment of vocal function after thyroid surgery. This research was a 1-year prospective cohort study conducted on 100 adult patients aged 40.19 (± 12.82) years who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Phoniatric Unit, Assiut University Hospital, and scheduled to undergo thyroid surgery during the period from November 2020 to November 2021. All subjects underwent vocal assessment preoperatively and 15 days, 1 month, and 2 months postoperatively by filled in subjective evaluation of voice complaints via voice handicap index (VHI-30), auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the voice, and videolaryngoscopy in addition to acoustic analysis using computerized speech lab (CSL). Statistical analysis was performed to compare multi-parameter voice assessment tools across different assessment time points. The voice changes were significantly decreased from 51.0% after 15 days postoperatively to 33.0% after 2 months of follow-up. Among these cases, 35.0% cases developed vocal fold paralysis and complained of a breathy voice (27% developed unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and 8% developed bilateral focal fold lesions), and the remaining 16.0% cases had no paralytic manifestations. Also, only one case developed gross lesion “bilateral vocal fold nodules.” The subjective evaluation of voice outcome after thyroidectomy showed significant improvement in VHI subscales and total score from 15 days postoperatively to 2 months of follow-up (P < 0.001). All of the acoustic parameters except HNR showed a significant difference across the different assessment settings (P < 0.001). Thyroidectomy can result in significant vocal alterations, even in cases where the laryngeal nerve is unharmed. These changes should be taken into consideration in patient having thyroid surgery, especially a total thyroidectomy because of malignant lesions. More efforts are needed in order to determine the extent and pathophysiological reasons for the vocal alterations following thyroid surgery in order to reduce the morbidity associated with one of the most popular surgical procedures performed globally.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00685-3
Archisman Shubhadarshan, Uneza Gaiwale
Aging has been defined as a persistent deterioration in the age-specific fitness components of an organism, attributed to internal physiological degeneration. Cognitive abilities, encompassing attention, memory, executive cognitive functions, language, and visuospatial capacities, are distinctive domains affected by aging. Numerous studies have documented measurable effects on these cognitive domains, indicating a discernible decline in their functionality with advancing age. Cognitive impairment often unfolds insidiously, remaining clinically silent for extended periods. Age, as a critical factor, exerts a notable influence on P300 measures. Spearman rank correlation was calculated between age and P300 measures. In group 1A (age range of 10–20 years), we found a strong positive correlation between age and amplitude of P300 (r = 0.96, p < 0.001), while a weak correlation was found between latency and age. In group IB (age range: 21–40 years), a moderate negative correlation (r = − 0.43, p < 0.05) was found between age and amplitude of P300, while a strong positive correlation (r = 0.87, p < 0.001) was obtained between age and latency. In group 2A (age: 41–60 years), it was found that amplitude has a strong negative correlation (r = − 0.97, p < 0.001) with age, while latency has a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). In group 2B (age: 61–80 years), it was found that amplitude has a strong negative correlation (r = − 0.93, p < 0.001) with age, while latency has a strong positive correlation (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). In this study, it is concluded that amplitude of P300 decreases and latency increases with increasing age.
{"title":"Effect of advancing age on event-related potentials (P300) measures","authors":"Archisman Shubhadarshan, Uneza Gaiwale","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00685-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00685-3","url":null,"abstract":"Aging has been defined as a persistent deterioration in the age-specific fitness components of an organism, attributed to internal physiological degeneration. Cognitive abilities, encompassing attention, memory, executive cognitive functions, language, and visuospatial capacities, are distinctive domains affected by aging. Numerous studies have documented measurable effects on these cognitive domains, indicating a discernible decline in their functionality with advancing age. Cognitive impairment often unfolds insidiously, remaining clinically silent for extended periods. Age, as a critical factor, exerts a notable influence on P300 measures. Spearman rank correlation was calculated between age and P300 measures. In group 1A (age range of 10–20 years), we found a strong positive correlation between age and amplitude of P300 (r = 0.96, p < 0.001), while a weak correlation was found between latency and age. In group IB (age range: 21–40 years), a moderate negative correlation (r = − 0.43, p < 0.05) was found between age and amplitude of P300, while a strong positive correlation (r = 0.87, p < 0.001) was obtained between age and latency. In group 2A (age: 41–60 years), it was found that amplitude has a strong negative correlation (r = − 0.97, p < 0.001) with age, while latency has a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). In group 2B (age: 61–80 years), it was found that amplitude has a strong negative correlation (r = − 0.93, p < 0.001) with age, while latency has a strong positive correlation (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). In this study, it is concluded that amplitude of P300 decreases and latency increases with increasing age.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00667-5
Essam-Eldin M. Aref, AbdElAzez MF. Darwesh, Reham A. Ibrahim
Identification of borderline cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to palatopharyngeal disproportion in the form of short palate or deep posterior pharyngeal wall is necessary particularly in preoperative assessment of adenotonsillectomy to prevent post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality. To evaluate the role of fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometry for assessment of clinically suspected cases of palatopharyngeal disproportion (borderline VPI) cases to identify the craniofacial morphometric measurements of such cases that may be helpful as a prognostic indicator in predicting and preventing post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal dysfunction. This is an observational cross-sectional study of 38 patients with suspected palatopharyngeal disproportion (24 male and 14 female) with ages ranging from 3 to 7 years who were referred to the phoniatrics unit at Assiut University Hospital for the assessment of the velopharyngeal valve before adenotonsillectomy operation. The control group consisted of 25 normal individuals. They were subjected to (1) auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the patients’ speech, (2) fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy, and (3) lateral cephalometry. Auditory perceptual assessment showed no statistically significant difference between both groups. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopic examination revealed a highly significant statistical difference between both groups as regards lateral pharyngeal wall mobility (p = 0.000). Lateral cephalometric assessment showed significant statistical differences for maxillary protrusion (P = 0.04) which was slightly wider in the study group than in the control group and bony pharyngeal depth (Ptm-Ba) (P = 0.03) which was deeper in the study group than in the control group. Auditory perceptual assessment of speech, nasopharyngoscopy, and cephalometry are important tools that could be used for pre-adenotonsillectomy assessment of cases with palatopharyngeal disproportion to prevent the post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and its consequences.
{"title":"A study of borderline cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency using cephalometry and nasofibroscopy","authors":"Essam-Eldin M. Aref, AbdElAzez MF. Darwesh, Reham A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00667-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00667-5","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of borderline cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to palatopharyngeal disproportion in the form of short palate or deep posterior pharyngeal wall is necessary particularly in preoperative assessment of adenotonsillectomy to prevent post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality. To evaluate the role of fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy and cephalometry for assessment of clinically suspected cases of palatopharyngeal disproportion (borderline VPI) cases to identify the craniofacial morphometric measurements of such cases that may be helpful as a prognostic indicator in predicting and preventing post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal dysfunction. This is an observational cross-sectional study of 38 patients with suspected palatopharyngeal disproportion (24 male and 14 female) with ages ranging from 3 to 7 years who were referred to the phoniatrics unit at Assiut University Hospital for the assessment of the velopharyngeal valve before adenotonsillectomy operation. The control group consisted of 25 normal individuals. They were subjected to (1) auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the patients’ speech, (2) fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy, and (3) lateral cephalometry. Auditory perceptual assessment showed no statistically significant difference between both groups. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopic examination revealed a highly significant statistical difference between both groups as regards lateral pharyngeal wall mobility (p = 0.000). Lateral cephalometric assessment showed significant statistical differences for maxillary protrusion (P = 0.04) which was slightly wider in the study group than in the control group and bony pharyngeal depth (Ptm-Ba) (P = 0.03) which was deeper in the study group than in the control group. Auditory perceptual assessment of speech, nasopharyngoscopy, and cephalometry are important tools that could be used for pre-adenotonsillectomy assessment of cases with palatopharyngeal disproportion to prevent the post-adenotonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency and its consequences.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is based on the existence of cochlear microphonics or otoacoustic emissions, as well as aberrant or nonexistent-evoked auditory brainstem responses. The outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) are thought to be significantly influenced by genetic reasons in ANSD. The purpose of this systematic review was to gather more information regarding the relationship between various genetic variants and the outcomes of cochlear implantation in adult and pediatric patients with ANSD (both syndromic and non-syndromic). Electronic databases “Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library” were searched for this systematic review. For cohort studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS score) was used to assess the quality of the retrieved research. The standardized mean difference produced by the Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g tests was used to assess the effect size measure. This comprehensive study showed that OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1 were among the genetic variants with improved CI outcomes. On the other hand, other genetic mutations displayed variable results (TMPRSS3) or worse CI outcomes (PJVK). For OTOF mutations, CI had a moderate effect (Hedges’ g = 0.7), which led to good cochlear implant outcomes. The results of the GJB2 cochlear implant showed a significant effect size when pre- and post-implant assessments were compared. The results of CI for TMPRSS3 mutations were inconsistent, with one study demonstrating a negligible effect (Hedges’ g = 0.2), and another study found a negative impact (Hedges’ g = − 2.17). Poor CI results were indicated by PJVK mutations impacting CI outcomes. A significant impact was observed when comparing pre- and postimplantation outcomes (Cohen’s d > 1) in cases of ATP1A3 mutations (CAPOS syndrome) and OPA1 mutations. In addition, early implantation produced better results than late implantation in certain genetic variations. Some genetic variants, such as OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1, had improved CI outcomes, according to data extraction and synthesis of the systematic review’s findings. Conversely, PJVK displayed worse CI results and inconsistent results for TMPRSS3 genetic mutations.
听觉神经病谱系障碍（ANSD）的诊断依据是耳蜗微音或耳声发射的存在，以及异常或不存在的诱发听觉脑干反应。人工耳蜗植入术（CI）的结果被认为会受到ANSD遗传原因的显著影响。本系统性综述旨在收集更多信息，了解各种遗传变异与成人和儿童 ANSD（综合征和非综合征）患者的人工耳蜗植入效果之间的关系。本系统综述检索了电子数据库 "Medline/PubMed、Google Scholar、ScienceDirect、Europe PMC 和 Cochrane Library"。对于队列研究，采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS 评分）来评估检索到的研究质量。科恩氏 d 或赫奇斯 g 检验产生的标准化平均差用于评估效应大小。这项综合研究显示，OTOF、GJB2、ATPA3 和 OPA1 是改善 CI 结果的基因变异之一。另一方面，其他基因突变显示出不同的结果（TMPRSS3）或较差的 CI 结果（PJVK）。对于 OTOF 基因突变，CI 有中等程度的影响（Hedges' g = 0.7），这导致了良好的人工耳蜗植入效果。在对 GJB2 人工耳蜗植入前后的评估结果进行比较时，显示出显著的效应大小。针对 TMPRSS3 突变的 CI 结果并不一致，一项研究显示影响微乎其微（Hedges' g = 0.2），而另一项研究则发现有负面影响（Hedges' g = - 2.17）。PJVK突变对CI结果的影响表明CI结果不佳。在比较 ATP1A3 突变（CAPOS 综合征）和 OPA1 突变的病例中植入前和植入后的结果（Cohen's d > 1）时，观察到了明显的影响。此外，在某些基因变异中，早期植入比晚期植入效果更好。根据对系统综述结果的数据提取和综合，一些基因变异，如OTOF、GJB2、ATPA3和OPA1，其CI结果有所改善。相反，PJVK 的 CI 结果较差，TMPRSS3 基因突变的结果也不一致。
{"title":"Systematic review of outcomes of cochlear implantation of different genotypes in patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder","authors":"Naema Mohamed Ismail, Salma Badreldin Galal, Reda Mohamed Behairy, Rasha Mohamed Sabry","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00677-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00677-3","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is based on the existence of cochlear microphonics or otoacoustic emissions, as well as aberrant or nonexistent-evoked auditory brainstem responses. The outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) are thought to be significantly influenced by genetic reasons in ANSD. The purpose of this systematic review was to gather more information regarding the relationship between various genetic variants and the outcomes of cochlear implantation in adult and pediatric patients with ANSD (both syndromic and non-syndromic). Electronic databases “Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library” were searched for this systematic review. For cohort studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS score) was used to assess the quality of the retrieved research. The standardized mean difference produced by the Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g tests was used to assess the effect size measure. This comprehensive study showed that OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1 were among the genetic variants with improved CI outcomes. On the other hand, other genetic mutations displayed variable results (TMPRSS3) or worse CI outcomes (PJVK). For OTOF mutations, CI had a moderate effect (Hedges’ g = 0.7), which led to good cochlear implant outcomes. The results of the GJB2 cochlear implant showed a significant effect size when pre- and post-implant assessments were compared. The results of CI for TMPRSS3 mutations were inconsistent, with one study demonstrating a negligible effect (Hedges’ g = 0.2), and another study found a negative impact (Hedges’ g = − 2.17). Poor CI results were indicated by PJVK mutations impacting CI outcomes. A significant impact was observed when comparing pre- and postimplantation outcomes (Cohen’s d > 1) in cases of ATP1A3 mutations (CAPOS syndrome) and OPA1 mutations. In addition, early implantation produced better results than late implantation in certain genetic variations. Some genetic variants, such as OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1, had improved CI outcomes, according to data extraction and synthesis of the systematic review’s findings. Conversely, PJVK displayed worse CI results and inconsistent results for TMPRSS3 genetic mutations.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The difficulty in understanding speech becomes worse in the presence of background noise for individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Speech-in-noise tests help to assess this difficulty. Previously, the Tulu sentence lists have been assessed for their equivalency to measure speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with normal hearing. The present study aimed to determine the equivalence and test–retest reliability of Tulu sentence lists for measuring speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The SNR-50 was measured for 13 sentence lists in 20 Tulu-speaking individuals with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Retesting was done by administering all lists to eight participants after an average of 25.25 days (SD = 19.44). Friedman test was administered to check for the list equivalency. Intraclass correlation coefficient was measured to assess test–retest reliability. A regression analysis was performed to understand the influence of pure-tone average on SNR-50. A Kruskal–Wallis test was administered to check the statistical significance of the SNR-50 obtained across different configurations and degrees of hearing loss. Nine of the 13 Tulu sentence lists (lists 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13) were equivalent in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The mean SNR-50 for these nine lists was 1.13 dB (SD = 2.04 dB). The test–retest reliability was moderate (ICC = 0.727). The regression analysis showed that a pure-tone average accounted for 24.7% of the variance in SNR-50 data (p = 0.026). Individuals with mild to moderate hearing loss obtained the worst SNR-50, followed by mild and high-frequency hearing loss. Nine Tulu sentence lists are equivalent and reliable and can be used to measure speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with sensorineural hearing loss who are Tulu speakers.
{"title":"Equivalence and test–retest reliability of Tulu sentence lists for measuring speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with sensorineural hearing loss","authors":"Arolin Blossom Miranda, Mohan Kumar Kalaiah, Usha Shastri","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00665-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00665-7","url":null,"abstract":"The difficulty in understanding speech becomes worse in the presence of background noise for individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Speech-in-noise tests help to assess this difficulty. Previously, the Tulu sentence lists have been assessed for their equivalency to measure speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with normal hearing. The present study aimed to determine the equivalence and test–retest reliability of Tulu sentence lists for measuring speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The SNR-50 was measured for 13 sentence lists in 20 Tulu-speaking individuals with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Retesting was done by administering all lists to eight participants after an average of 25.25 days (SD = 19.44). Friedman test was administered to check for the list equivalency. Intraclass correlation coefficient was measured to assess test–retest reliability. A regression analysis was performed to understand the influence of pure-tone average on SNR-50. A Kruskal–Wallis test was administered to check the statistical significance of the SNR-50 obtained across different configurations and degrees of hearing loss. Nine of the 13 Tulu sentence lists (lists 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13) were equivalent in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The mean SNR-50 for these nine lists was 1.13 dB (SD = 2.04 dB). The test–retest reliability was moderate (ICC = 0.727). The regression analysis showed that a pure-tone average accounted for 24.7% of the variance in SNR-50 data (p = 0.026). Individuals with mild to moderate hearing loss obtained the worst SNR-50, followed by mild and high-frequency hearing loss. Nine Tulu sentence lists are equivalent and reliable and can be used to measure speech recognition threshold in noise among individuals with sensorineural hearing loss who are Tulu speakers.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00673-7
Yadav Sagar Shyamlal, K. Aditya Gopala Raju, Akshay Bhatnagar, Shikha Gianchand, Pankaj Rai
The posterior ethmoid sinuses have a complex anatomy and a highly variable normal structure. The posterior ethmoid Onodi cell needs careful assessment because of its proximity to the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery canal. Recognising the distinctions is essential for optimal pre-op preparation. Sphenoid sinus surgery can now be performed without worrying about compromising vital structures like the internal carotid artery or optic nerve. Preoperative radiological assessment is a quick and easy way to check for ethmoid cell pneumatisation differences. To determine the pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells among the North-East Indian population using 16-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Nine-hundred MDCT paranasal sinuses were analysed over a period of 0–2 years, out of which 220 cases showed the presence of Onodi cell. Type I were 89 cases (40.45%, CI 32.00–48.90), Type II were 128 cases (58.18%, CI 49.72–66.63), and 3 cases with Type III cell (1.36%, CI 0.18–2.54). The most prevalent pneumatisation pattern is Type II. The pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells can be best detected and evaluated by multiplanar MDCT imaging. Sinus surgeons need a firm grasp of pneumatisation patterns to avoid damaging the optic nerve and internal carotid artery canal during operations.
{"title":"Prevalence of pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells among the North-East Indian population","authors":"Yadav Sagar Shyamlal, K. Aditya Gopala Raju, Akshay Bhatnagar, Shikha Gianchand, Pankaj Rai","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00673-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00673-7","url":null,"abstract":"The posterior ethmoid sinuses have a complex anatomy and a highly variable normal structure. The posterior ethmoid Onodi cell needs careful assessment because of its proximity to the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery canal. Recognising the distinctions is essential for optimal pre-op preparation. Sphenoid sinus surgery can now be performed without worrying about compromising vital structures like the internal carotid artery or optic nerve. Preoperative radiological assessment is a quick and easy way to check for ethmoid cell pneumatisation differences. To determine the pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells among the North-East Indian population using 16-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Nine-hundred MDCT paranasal sinuses were analysed over a period of 0–2 years, out of which 220 cases showed the presence of Onodi cell. Type I were 89 cases (40.45%, CI 32.00–48.90), Type II were 128 cases (58.18%, CI 49.72–66.63), and 3 cases with Type III cell (1.36%, CI 0.18–2.54). The most prevalent pneumatisation pattern is Type II. The pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells can be best detected and evaluated by multiplanar MDCT imaging. Sinus surgeons need a firm grasp of pneumatisation patterns to avoid damaging the optic nerve and internal carotid artery canal during operations.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00660-y
Othman Kasim Saeed Al-mokhtar, Ali Abdulmuttalib Mohammed, Hatim Abdulmajeed Alnuaimy
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common neurootologic disorder, characterized by brief attacks of vertigo aggravated by certain head positions. During the last two decades, several studies were performed in different countries trying to find a relationship between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 (25 hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency. This study aimed to find the relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency and total serum calcium with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. A case–control study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, consisted of 62 participants; 30 patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 32 healthy persons considered as a control group. The age and sex of both groups were matched, and diagnosis was made by history and examination (Dix-Hallpike’s maneuver). A blood sample was taken to evaluate serum vitamin D level and total serum calcium. The results were compared between both groups. The mean levels of vitamin D3 in patients and control groups were 18.57 ± 9.88 ng/ml and 64.12 ± 24.64 ng/ml, respectively, with a statistically significant difference at p ≤ 0.0001. Moreover, regarding vitamin D3 deficiency below 20 ng/ml between patients and control groups, there was a statistically significant difference p = 0.001. Furthermore, there was no significant difference regarding total serum calcium between the two groups, the mean of both groups was 8.57 ± 0.68 mg/dl and 8.93 ± 0.92 mg/dl for patients and control, respectively, at p = 0.084. There might be an association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 deficiency. Moreover, there was no significant difference concerning total serum calcium levels between the patient and control groups.
{"title":"Evaluation of serum vitamin D3 and total serum calcium in patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","authors":"Othman Kasim Saeed Al-mokhtar, Ali Abdulmuttalib Mohammed, Hatim Abdulmajeed Alnuaimy","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00660-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00660-y","url":null,"abstract":"Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common neurootologic disorder, characterized by brief attacks of vertigo aggravated by certain head positions. During the last two decades, several studies were performed in different countries trying to find a relationship between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 (25 hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency. This study aimed to find the relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency and total serum calcium with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. A case–control study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, consisted of 62 participants; 30 patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 32 healthy persons considered as a control group. The age and sex of both groups were matched, and diagnosis was made by history and examination (Dix-Hallpike’s maneuver). A blood sample was taken to evaluate serum vitamin D level and total serum calcium. The results were compared between both groups. The mean levels of vitamin D3 in patients and control groups were 18.57 ± 9.88 ng/ml and 64.12 ± 24.64 ng/ml, respectively, with a statistically significant difference at p ≤ 0.0001. Moreover, regarding vitamin D3 deficiency below 20 ng/ml between patients and control groups, there was a statistically significant difference p = 0.001. Furthermore, there was no significant difference regarding total serum calcium between the two groups, the mean of both groups was 8.57 ± 0.68 mg/dl and 8.93 ± 0.92 mg/dl for patients and control, respectively, at p = 0.084. There might be an association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 deficiency. Moreover, there was no significant difference concerning total serum calcium levels between the patient and control groups.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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