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Asymptotic cycles in fractional generalizations of multidimensional maps 多维映射的分数广义中的渐近循环
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: arxiv-2408.00134
Mark Edelman
In regular dynamics, discrete maps are model presentations of discretedynamical systems, and they may approximate continuous dynamical systems. Mapsare used to investigate general properties of dynamical systems and to modelvarious natural and socioeconomic systems. They are also used in engineering.Many natural and almost all socioeconomic systems possess memory which, in manycases, is power-law-like memory. Generalized fractional maps, in which memoryis not exactly the power-law memory but the asymptotically power-law-likememory, are used to model and investigate general properties of these systems.In this paper we extend the definition of the notion of generalized fractionalmaps of arbitrary positive orders that previously was defined only for mapswhich, in the case of integer orders, converge to area/volume-preserving maps.Fractional generalizations of H'enon and Lozi maps belong to the newly definedclass of generalized fractional maps. We derive the equations which defineperiodic points in generalized fractional maps. We consider applications of ourresults to the fractional and fractional difference H'enon and Lozi maps.
在规则动力学中,离散映射是离散动态系统的模型展示,它们可以近似连续动态系统。映射被用来研究动力系统的一般特性,并为各种自然和社会经济系统建模。许多自然系统和几乎所有社会经济系统都拥有记忆,在许多情况下,记忆是幂律记忆。在本文中,我们扩展了任意正阶广义分式映射概念的定义,以前只定义了在整阶情况下收敛于面积/体积保留映射的映射。我们推导了定义广义分数映射中周期点的方程。我们考虑了我们的结果在分式和分式差分 H'enon 与 Lozi 地图中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Kuramoto oscillators in random networks 随机网络中的仓本振荡器
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: arxiv-2407.21513
Agostino Funel
By means of numerical analysis conducted with the aid of the computer, thecollective synchronization of coupled phase oscillators in the Kuramoto modelin the connected regime of random networks of various sizes is studied. Theoscillators synchronize and achieve phase coherence, and this process is notsignificantly affected by the level of connectivity of the network. If theprobability that two oscillators are coupled is around the network connectivitythreshold synchronization still occurs, although in a more attenuated way. Ifthe size of the network is sufficiently large the oscillators have a phasetransition.
通过借助计算机进行的数值分析,研究了仓本模型中的耦合相位振荡器在各种规模的随机网络的连接状态下的集体同步。振荡器同步并实现相位一致性,而这一过程并不受网络连通性水平的显著影响。如果两个振荡器耦合的概率在网络连通性阈值附近,同步仍会发生,但会以更弱的方式发生。如果网络的规模足够大,振荡器就会发生相位转换。
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引用次数: 0
Machine Learning for predicting chaotic systems 预测混沌系统的机器学习
Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: arxiv-2407.20158
Christof Schötz, Alistair White, Maximilian Gelbrecht, Niklas Boers
Predicting chaotic dynamical systems is critical in many scientific fieldssuch as weather prediction, but challenging due to the characterizing sensitivedependence on initial conditions. Traditional modeling approaches requireextensive domain knowledge, often leading to a shift towards data-drivenmethods using machine learning. However, existing research providesinconclusive results on which machine learning methods are best suited forpredicting chaotic systems. In this paper, we compare different lightweight andheavyweight machine learning architectures using extensive existing databases,as well as a newly introduced one that allows for uncertainty quantification inthe benchmark results. We perform hyperparameter tuning based on computationalcost and introduce a novel error metric, the cumulative maximum error, whichcombines several desirable properties of traditional metrics, tailored forchaotic systems. Our results show that well-tuned simple methods, as well asuntuned baseline methods, often outperform state-of-the-art deep learningmodels, but their performance can vary significantly with differentexperimental setups. These findings underscore the importance of matchingprediction methods to data characteristics and available computationalresources.
预测混沌动力学系统在天气预报等许多科学领域都至关重要,但由于其特征敏感性依赖于初始条件,因此具有挑战性。传统的建模方法需要大量的领域知识,这往往导致人们转向使用机器学习的数据驱动方法。然而,现有的研究并未就哪种机器学习方法最适合预测混沌系统得出结论。在本文中,我们使用大量现有数据库以及新引入的允许对基准结果进行不确定性量化的数据库,比较了不同的轻量级和重量级机器学习架构。我们根据计算成本对超参数进行了调整,并引入了一种新的误差度量--累积最大误差,它结合了传统度量的几个理想特性,专为机械系统量身定制。我们的研究结果表明,经过良好调优的简单方法以及经过调优的基线方法往往优于最先进的深度学习模型,但它们的性能会因不同的实验设置而有很大差异。这些发现强调了预测方法与数据特征和可用计算资源相匹配的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of a Superconducting Szilard Engine 超导厄齐尔发动机的非平衡热力学
Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: arxiv-2407.20418
Kuen Wai Tang, Kyle J. Ray, James P. Crutchfield
We implement a Szilard engine that uses a 2-bit logical unit consisting ofcoupled quantum flux parametrons -- Josephson-junction superconducting circuitsoriginally designed for quantum computing. Detailed simulations show that it ishighly thermodynamically efficient while functioning as a Maxwell demon. Thephysically-calibrated design is targeted to direct experimental exploration.However, variations in Josephson junction fabrication introduce asymmetriesthat result in energy inefficiency and low operational fidelity. We provide adesign solution that mitigates these practical challenges. The resultingplatform is ideally suited to probe the thermodynamic foundations ofinformation processing devices far from equilibrium.
我们实现了一个利用耦合量子通量准电子(最初设计用于量子计算的约瑟夫森结超导电路)组成的 2 位逻辑单元的 Szilard 引擎。详细的模拟显示,它具有极高的热力学效率,同时还能像麦克斯韦恶魔一样运行。然而,约瑟夫森结制造工艺的变化会带来不对称,从而导致能效低下和运行保真度低。我们提供的设计解决方案可以缓解这些实际挑战。由此产生的平台非常适合探测远离平衡状态的信息处理设备的热力学基础。
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引用次数: 0
Unsupervised Reservoir Computing for Multivariate Denoising of Severely Contaminated Signals 用于严重污染信号多变量去噪的无监督储层计算
Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: arxiv-2407.18759
Jaesung Choi, Pilwon Kim
The interdependence and high dimensionality of multivariate signals presentsignificant challenges for denoising, as conventional univariate methods oftenstruggle to capture the complex interactions between variables. A successfulapproach must consider not only the multivariate dependencies of the desiredsignal but also the multivariate dependencies of the interfering noise. In ourprevious research, we introduced a method using machine learning to extract themaximum portion of ``predictable information" from univariate signal. We extendthis approach to multivariate signals, with the key idea being to properlyincorporate the interdependencies of the noise back into the interdependentreconstruction of the signal. The method works successfully for variousmultivariate signals, including chaotic signals and highly oscillatingsinusoidal signals which are corrupted by spatially correlated intensive noise.It consistently outperforms other existing multivariate denoising methodsacross a wide range of scenarios.
多变量信号的相互依赖性和高维性为去噪带来了重大挑战,因为传统的单变量方法往往难以捕捉变量之间复杂的相互作用。成功的方法不仅要考虑期望信号的多元依赖性,还要考虑干扰噪声的多元依赖性。在之前的研究中,我们介绍了一种利用机器学习从单变量信号中提取最大部分 "可预测信息 "的方法。我们将这一方法扩展到多变量信号,其关键思路是将噪声的相互依赖关系适当地纳入信号的相互依赖关系重构中。该方法成功地适用于各种多变量信号,包括混沌信号和被空间相关的密集噪声干扰的高振荡正弦信号。
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引用次数: 0
Vibrational resonance in vibro-impact oscillator through fast harmonic excitation 通过快速谐波激励实现振动冲击振荡器中的振动共振
Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: arxiv-2407.17849
Somnath Roy, Sayan Gupta
This study focuses on extending the concept of weak signal enhancement fromdynamical systems based on vibrational resonance of nonlinear systems, tonon-smooth systems. A Van der Pol- Duffing oscillator with a one-sided barrier,subjected to harmonic excitations, has been considered an archetypicallow-order model, whose response is weak. It is shown that the system responsecan be significantly enhanced by applying an additional harmonic excitation butwith much higher frequencies. The reasons for the underlying physics areinvestigated analytically using multiple-scale analysis and the Blekhamperturbation approach (direct partition motion). The analytical predictions arequalitatively validated using numerical simulations. This approach yieldsvaluable insights into the intricate interplay between fast and slowexcitations in non-smooth systems.
本研究的重点是将弱信号增强的概念从基于非线性系统振动共振的动力系统扩展到非平稳系统。带有单侧屏障的范德尔波尔-达芬振荡器受到谐波激励,被认为是反应微弱的典型allow-order 模型。研究表明,通过使用频率更高的额外谐波激励,可以显著增强系统响应。通过多尺度分析和 Blekhamperturbation 方法(直接分区运动),对基本物理原因进行了分析研究。分析预测结果通过数值模拟得到了定性验证。这种方法为了解非光滑系统中快速和慢速激振之间错综复杂的相互作用提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Interplay between two mechanisms of resistivity 电阻率两种机制之间的相互作用
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: arxiv-2407.16284
Anton Kapustin, Gregory Falkovich
Mechanisms of resistivity can be divided into two basic classes: one isdissipative (like scattering on phonons) and another is quasi-elastic (likescattering on static impurities). They are often treated by the empiricalMatthiessen rule, which says that total resistivity is just the sum of thesetwo contributions, which are computed separately. This is quite misleading fortwo reasons. First, the two mechanisms are generally correlated. Second,computing the elastic resistivity alone masks the fundamental fact that thelinear-response approximation has a vanishing validity interval at vanishingdissipation. Limits of zero electric field and zero dissipation do not commutefor the simple reason that one needs to absorb the Joule heat quadratic in theapplied field. Here, we present a simple model that illustrates these twopoints. The model also illuminates the role of variational principles fornon-equilibrium steady states.
电阻率的机理可分为两个基本类别:一类是耗散型(如声子散射),另一类是准弹性型(如静态杂质散射)。人们通常用经验马特西森法则来处理它们,该法则认为总电阻率只是这两种贡献的总和,而这两种贡献是分别计算的。这种说法有两个误导性。首先,这两种机制通常是相关的。其次,单独计算弹性电阻率掩盖了一个基本事实,即线性响应近似在耗散消失时有一个消失的有效区间。零电场和零耗散的极限并不相等,原因很简单,我们需要吸收焦耳热量与所施加电场的二次方。在此,我们提出一个简单的模型来说明这两点。该模型还阐明了变分原理在非平衡稳态中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Taming Cluster Synchronization 控制群集同步
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: arxiv-2407.10638
Cinzia Tomaselli, Lucia Valentina Gambuzza, Gui-Quan Sun, Stefano Boccaletti, Mattia Frasca
Synchronization is a widespread phenomenon observed across natural andartificial networked systems. It often manifests itself by clusters of unitsexhibiting coincident dynamics. These clusters are a direct consequence of theorganization of the Laplacian matrix eigenvalues into spectral localizedblocks. We show how the concept of spectral blocks can be leveraged to designstraightforward yet powerful controllers able to fully manipulate clustersynchronization of a generic network, thus shaping at will its parallelfunctioning. Specifically, we demonstrate how to induce the formation ofspectral blocks in networks where such structures would not exist, and how toachieve precise mastering over the synchronizability of individual clusters bydictating the sequence in which each of them enters or exits thesynchronization stability region as the coupling strength varies. Our resultsunderscore the pivotal role of cluster synchronization control in shaping theparallel operation of networked systems, thereby enhancing their efficiency andadaptability across diverse applications.
同步是在自然和人工网络系统中观察到的一种普遍现象。它通常表现为显示重合动态的单元集群。这些集群是拉普拉斯矩阵特征值组织成谱局部块的直接结果。我们展示了如何利用频谱块的概念来设计直接而强大的控制器,从而能够完全操纵通用网络的群集同步,从而随意塑造其并行功能。具体来说,我们展示了如何在不存在谱块结构的网络中诱导形成谱块,以及如何随着耦合强度的变化,通过规定每个谱块进入或退出同步稳定区域的顺序,实现对单个谱块同步性的精确控制。我们的研究结果进一步证明了集群同步控制在塑造网络系统并行运行中的关键作用,从而提高了它们在各种应用中的效率和适应性。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum Chaos in Liouville CFT 柳维尔 CFT 中的量子混沌
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: arxiv-2407.11124
Julian Sonner, Benjamin Strittmatter
Fast scrambling is a distinctive feature of quantum gravity, which by meansof holography is closely tied to the behaviour of large$-c$ conformal fieldtheories. We study this phenomenon in the context of semiclassical Liouvilletheory, providing both insights into the mechanism of scrambling in CFTs andinto the structure of Liouville theory, finding that it exhibits a maximalLyapunov exponent despite not featuring the identity in its spectrum. However,as we show, the states contributing to the relevant correlation function can bethought of as dressed scramblons. At a technical level we we first use the pathintegral picture in order to derive the Euclidean four-point function in anexplicit compact form. Next, we demonstrate its equivalence to a conformalblock expansion, revealing an explicit but non-local map between path integralsaddles and conformal blocks. By analytically continuing both expressions toLorentzian times, we obtain two equivalent formulations of the OTOC, which weuse to study the onset of chaos in Liouville theory. We take advantage of thecompact form in order to extract a Lyapunov exponent and a scrambling time.From the conformal block expansion formulation of the OTOC we learn thatscrambling shifts the dominance of conformal blocks from heavy primaries atearly times to the lightest primary at late times. Finally, we discuss ourresults in the context of holography.
快速扰动是量子引力的一个显著特征,它通过全息技术与大$-c$共形场论的行为紧密联系在一起。我们在半经典刘维尔理论的背景下研究了这一现象,提供了对 CFT 争用机制和刘维尔理论结构的见解,发现尽管刘维尔理论的谱中没有特征,但它表现出最大的李雅普诺夫指数。然而,正如我们所展示的,对相关相关函数做出贡献的态可以被认为是掺杂的扰动。在技术层面上,我们首先利用路径积分图,以一种显式紧凑形式推导出欧氏四点函数。接下来,我们证明了它与共形块展开的等价性,揭示了路径积分和共形块之间显式但非局部的映射。通过分析将这两个表达式延续到洛伦兹时间,我们得到了 OTOC 的两个等价形式,并将其用于研究柳维尔理论中混沌的发生。从 OTOC 的共形块展开公式中,我们了解到扰动会将共形块的优势从早期的重主块转移到晚期的最轻主块。最后,我们结合全息技术讨论了我们的结果。
{"title":"Quantum Chaos in Liouville CFT","authors":"Julian Sonner, Benjamin Strittmatter","doi":"arxiv-2407.11124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.11124","url":null,"abstract":"Fast scrambling is a distinctive feature of quantum gravity, which by means\u0000of holography is closely tied to the behaviour of large$-c$ conformal field\u0000theories. We study this phenomenon in the context of semiclassical Liouville\u0000theory, providing both insights into the mechanism of scrambling in CFTs and\u0000into the structure of Liouville theory, finding that it exhibits a maximal\u0000Lyapunov exponent despite not featuring the identity in its spectrum. However,\u0000as we show, the states contributing to the relevant correlation function can be\u0000thought of as dressed scramblons. At a technical level we we first use the path\u0000integral picture in order to derive the Euclidean four-point function in an\u0000explicit compact form. Next, we demonstrate its equivalence to a conformal\u0000block expansion, revealing an explicit but non-local map between path integral\u0000saddles and conformal blocks. By analytically continuing both expressions to\u0000Lorentzian times, we obtain two equivalent formulations of the OTOC, which we\u0000use to study the onset of chaos in Liouville theory. We take advantage of the\u0000compact form in order to extract a Lyapunov exponent and a scrambling time.\u0000From the conformal block expansion formulation of the OTOC we learn that\u0000scrambling shifts the dominance of conformal blocks from heavy primaries at\u0000early times to the lightest primary at late times. Finally, we discuss our\u0000results in the context of holography.","PeriodicalId":501167,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Chaotic Dynamics","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141722320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Weak Chaos, Anomalous Diffusion, and Weak Ergodicity Breaking in Systems with Delay 有延迟系统中的弱混沌、反常扩散和弱均衡性破坏
Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: arxiv-2407.09449
Tony Albers, Lukas Hille, David Müller-Bender, Günter Radons
We demonstrate that standard delay systems with a linear instantaneous and adelayed nonlinear term show weak chaos, asymptotically subdiffusive behavior,and weak ergodicity breaking if the nonlinearity is chosen from a specificclass of functions. In the limit of large constant delay times, anomalousbehavior may not be observable due to exponentially large crossover times. Aperiodic modulation of the delay causes a strong reduction of the effectivedimension of the chaotic phases, leads to hitherto unknown types of solutions,and the occurrence of anomalous diffusion already at short times. The observedanomalous behavior is caused by non-hyperbolic fixed points in function space.
我们证明,具有线性瞬时项和延迟非线性项的标准延迟系统,如果从特定函数类别中选择非线性,则会出现弱混沌、渐近亚扩散行为和弱遍历性破坏。在大恒定延迟时间的极限,由于指数级的大交叉时间,可能无法观测到异常行为。延迟的非周期性调制会大大降低混沌阶段的效应维度,导致迄今未知的解类型,并在短时间内出现异常扩散。观察到的反常行为是由函数空间中的非双曲定点引起的。
{"title":"Weak Chaos, Anomalous Diffusion, and Weak Ergodicity Breaking in Systems with Delay","authors":"Tony Albers, Lukas Hille, David Müller-Bender, Günter Radons","doi":"arxiv-2407.09449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.09449","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate that standard delay systems with a linear instantaneous and a\u0000delayed nonlinear term show weak chaos, asymptotically subdiffusive behavior,\u0000and weak ergodicity breaking if the nonlinearity is chosen from a specific\u0000class of functions. In the limit of large constant delay times, anomalous\u0000behavior may not be observable due to exponentially large crossover times. A\u0000periodic modulation of the delay causes a strong reduction of the effective\u0000dimension of the chaotic phases, leads to hitherto unknown types of solutions,\u0000and the occurrence of anomalous diffusion already at short times. The observed\u0000anomalous behavior is caused by non-hyperbolic fixed points in function space.","PeriodicalId":501167,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Chaotic Dynamics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
arXiv - PHYS - Chaotic Dynamics
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