Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci, Mark Fenwick, Michael Lowery Wilson, Nikolaus Forgo, Till Baernighausen
This introductory chapter briefly outlines the main theme of this volume, namely, to review the new opportunities and risks of digital healthcare from various disciplinary perspectives. These perspectives include law, public policy, organisational studies, and applied ethics. Based on this interdisciplinary approach, we hope that effective strategies may arise to ensure that benefits of this on-going revolution are deployed in a responsible and sustainable manner. The second part of the chapter comprises a brief review of the four parts and fourteen substantive chapters that comprise this volume.
{"title":"Mapping the Digital Healthcare Revolution","authors":"Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci, Mark Fenwick, Michael Lowery Wilson, Nikolaus Forgo, Till Baernighausen","doi":"arxiv-2407.20300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.20300","url":null,"abstract":"This introductory chapter briefly outlines the main theme of this volume,\u0000namely, to review the new opportunities and risks of digital healthcare from\u0000various disciplinary perspectives. These perspectives include law, public\u0000policy, organisational studies, and applied ethics. Based on this\u0000interdisciplinary approach, we hope that effective strategies may arise to\u0000ensure that benefits of this on-going revolution are deployed in a responsible\u0000and sustainable manner. The second part of the chapter comprises a brief review\u0000of the four parts and fourteen substantive chapters that comprise this volume.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly impacted the field of Natural Language Processing and has transformed conversational tasks across various domains because of their widespread integration in applications and public access. The discussion surrounding the application of LLMs in education has raised ethical concerns, particularly concerning plagiarism and policy compliance. Despite the prowess of LLMs in conversational tasks, the limitations of reliability and hallucinations exacerbate the need to guardrail conversations, motivating our investigation of RAG in computer science higher education. We developed Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) applications for the two tasks of virtual teaching assistants and teaching aids. In our study, we collected the ratings and opinions of faculty members in undergraduate and graduate computer science university courses at various levels, using our personalized RAG systems for each course. This study is the first to gather faculty feedback on the application of LLM-based RAG in education. The investigation revealed that while faculty members acknowledge the potential of RAG systems as virtual teaching assistants and teaching aids, certain barriers and features are suggested for their full-scale deployment. These findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on the integration of advanced language models in educational settings, highlighting the need for careful consideration of ethical implications and the development of appropriate safeguards to ensure responsible and effective implementation.
{"title":"Faculty Perspectives on the Potential of RAG in Computer Science Higher Education","authors":"Sagnik Dakshit","doi":"arxiv-2408.01462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.01462","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly impacted the\u0000field of Natural Language Processing and has transformed conversational tasks\u0000across various domains because of their widespread integration in applications\u0000and public access. The discussion surrounding the application of LLMs in\u0000education has raised ethical concerns, particularly concerning plagiarism and\u0000policy compliance. Despite the prowess of LLMs in conversational tasks, the\u0000limitations of reliability and hallucinations exacerbate the need to guardrail\u0000conversations, motivating our investigation of RAG in computer science higher\u0000education. We developed Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) applications for\u0000the two tasks of virtual teaching assistants and teaching aids. In our study,\u0000we collected the ratings and opinions of faculty members in undergraduate and\u0000graduate computer science university courses at various levels, using our\u0000personalized RAG systems for each course. This study is the first to gather\u0000faculty feedback on the application of LLM-based RAG in education. The\u0000investigation revealed that while faculty members acknowledge the potential of\u0000RAG systems as virtual teaching assistants and teaching aids, certain barriers\u0000and features are suggested for their full-scale deployment. These findings\u0000contribute to the ongoing discussion on the integration of advanced language\u0000models in educational settings, highlighting the need for careful consideration\u0000of ethical implications and the development of appropriate safeguards to ensure\u0000responsible and effective implementation.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On July 14th, 2022, the Danish Data Protection Authority issued a reprimand against Helsingor Municipality. It imposed a general ban on using Google Chromebooks and Google Workspace for education in primary schools in the Municipality. The Danish DPA banned such processing and suspended any related data transfers to the United States (U.S.) until it is brought in line with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The suspension took effect immediately, and the Municipality had until August 3rd, 2022, to withdraw and terminate the processing, as well as delete data already transferred. Finally, in a new decision on August 18th, 2022, the Danish DPA has ratified the ban to the use of Google Chromebooks and Workspace. In the eyes of the Danish DPA, the Municipality failed for example to document that they have assessed and reduced the relevant risks to the rights and freedoms of the pupils. This article is structured as follows: section II provides the background concerning the unfolding events after the Schrems II ruling. Section III discusses the origins and facts of the Danish DPA case. Section IV examines the reasoning and critical findings of the Danish DPA decision. Finally, section V concludes with some general recommendations the Danish municipalities must follow based on the ensuing effects stemming from this case.
2022 年 7 月 14 日，丹麦数据保护局对赫尔辛格市政府进行了谴责。该局全面禁止该市小学使用 GoogleChromebooks 和 Google Workspace 进行教育。丹麦数据保护局禁止进行此类处理，并暂停向美国（U.S. ）传输任何相关数据，直至符合《一般数据保护条例》（GDPR）。暂停立即生效，市政府可在 2022 年 8 月 3 日前撤销和终止处理，并删除已传输的数据。最后，在 2022 年 8 月 18 日的一项新决定中，丹麦 DPA 批准禁止使用谷歌 Chromebook 和 Workspace。在丹麦 DPA 看来，市政府未能证明他们已经评估并降低了学生权利和自由所面临的相关风险。本文结构如下：第 II 部分介绍了 Schrems II 裁决后事件发展的背景。第 III 部分讨论了丹麦 DPA 案件的起源和事实。第 IV 部分探讨了丹麦 DPA 判决的推理和关键结论。最后，第 V 部分总结了丹麦市政当局在本案诉讼影响的基础上必须遵循的一些一般性建议。
{"title":"Danish DPA Banned the Use of Google Chromebooks and Google Workspace in Schools in Helsingor Municipality","authors":"Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci","doi":"arxiv-2407.19377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.19377","url":null,"abstract":"On July 14th, 2022, the Danish Data Protection Authority issued a reprimand\u0000against Helsingor Municipality. It imposed a general ban on using Google\u0000Chromebooks and Google Workspace for education in primary schools in the\u0000Municipality. The Danish DPA banned such processing and suspended any related\u0000data transfers to the United States (U.S.) until it is brought in line with the\u0000General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The suspension took effect\u0000immediately, and the Municipality had until August 3rd, 2022, to withdraw and\u0000terminate the processing, as well as delete data already transferred. Finally,\u0000in a new decision on August 18th, 2022, the Danish DPA has ratified the ban to\u0000the use of Google Chromebooks and Workspace. In the eyes of the Danish DPA, the\u0000Municipality failed for example to document that they have assessed and reduced\u0000the relevant risks to the rights and freedoms of the pupils. This article is\u0000structured as follows: section II provides the background concerning the\u0000unfolding events after the Schrems II ruling. Section III discusses the origins\u0000and facts of the Danish DPA case. Section IV examines the reasoning and\u0000critical findings of the Danish DPA decision. Finally, section V concludes with\u0000some general recommendations the Danish municipalities must follow based on the\u0000ensuing effects stemming from this case.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"1402 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santiago Berrezueta-Guzman, Ivan Parmacli, Stephan Krusche, Stefan Wagner
Enhancing interaction and feedback collection in a first-semester computer science course poses a significant challenge due to students' diverse needs and engagement levels. To address this issue, we created and integrated a command-based chatbot on the course communication server on Discord. The DiscordBot enables students to provide feedback on course activities through short surveys, such as exercises, quizzes, and lectures, facilitating stress-free communication with instructors. It also supports attendance tracking and introduces lectures before they start. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of the DiscordBot as a communication tool. The ongoing feedback allowed course instructors to dynamically adjust and improve the difficulty level of upcoming activities and promote discussion in subsequent tutor sessions. The data collected reveal that students can accurately perceive the activities' difficulty and expected results, providing insights not possible through traditional end-of-semester surveys. Students reported that interaction with the DiscordBot was easy and expressed a desire to continue using it in future semesters. This responsive approach ensures the course meets the evolving needs of students, thereby enhancing their overall learning experience.
{"title":"Interactive Learning in Computer Science Education Supported by a Discord Chatbot","authors":"Santiago Berrezueta-Guzman, Ivan Parmacli, Stephan Krusche, Stefan Wagner","doi":"arxiv-2407.19266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.19266","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing interaction and feedback collection in a first-semester computer\u0000science course poses a significant challenge due to students' diverse needs and\u0000engagement levels. To address this issue, we created and integrated a\u0000command-based chatbot on the course communication server on Discord. The\u0000DiscordBot enables students to provide feedback on course activities through\u0000short surveys, such as exercises, quizzes, and lectures, facilitating\u0000stress-free communication with instructors. It also supports attendance\u0000tracking and introduces lectures before they start. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of the DiscordBot as a\u0000communication tool. The ongoing feedback allowed course instructors to\u0000dynamically adjust and improve the difficulty level of upcoming activities and\u0000promote discussion in subsequent tutor sessions. The data collected reveal that\u0000students can accurately perceive the activities' difficulty and expected\u0000results, providing insights not possible through traditional end-of-semester\u0000surveys. Students reported that interaction with the DiscordBot was easy and\u0000expressed a desire to continue using it in future semesters. This responsive\u0000approach ensures the course meets the evolving needs of students, thereby\u0000enhancing their overall learning experience.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To harness the power of quantum computing (QC) in the near future, tight and efficient integration of QC with high performance computing (HPC) infrastructure (both on the software (SW) and the hardware (HW) level) is crucial. This paper addresses the development of a unified quantum platform (UQP) and how it is being integrated into the HPC ecosystem. It builds on the concepts of hybrid high performance computing - quantum computing (HPCQC) workflows and a unified HPCQC toolchain, introduced in our previous work and makes the next needed step: it unifies the low-level interface between the existing classical HPC systems and the emerging quantum hardware technologies, including but not limited to machines based on superconducting qubits, neutral atoms or trapped ions. The UQP consists of three core components: a runtime library, an instruction set architecture (ISA) and a quantum control processor (QCP) micro-architecture. In particular, this work contributes a unified HPCQC runtime library that bridges the gap between programming systems built on quantum intermediate representation (QIR) standard with a novel, unified hybrid ISA. It then introduces the initial extension of an ISA and QCP micro-architecture to be platform and technology agnostic and enables it as an efficient execution platform. The UQP has been verified to ensure correctness. Further, our performance analysis shows that the execution time and memory requirements of the runtime library scale super-linearly with number of qubits, which is critical to support scalability efforts in QC hardware.
要在不久的将来利用量子计算（QC）的力量，就必须将量子计算与高性能计算（HPC）基础设施（包括软件（SW）和硬件（HW）层面）紧密而高效地整合在一起。本文探讨了统一量子平台（UQP）的开发以及如何将其集成到高性能计算生态系统中。它建立在高性能计算-量子计算（HPCQC）混合工作流和统一HPCQC工具链的概念基础之上，并迈出了下一步：它统一了现有经典HPC系统与新兴量子硬件技术（包括但不限于基于超导量子比特、中性原子或被困离子的机器）之间的底层接口。UQP 由三个核心部分组成：运行时库、指令集架构（ISA）和量子控制处理器（QCP）微架构。特别是，这项工作贡献了一个统一的 HPCQCruntime 库，它通过一个新颖、统一的混合ISA，弥合了基于量子中间表示（QIR）标准的编程系统之间的差距。然后，它介绍了 ISA 和 QCP 微体系结构的初步扩展，使其与平台和技术无关，并使其成为一个高效的执行平台。此外，我们的性能分析表明，运行库的执行时间和内存需求与量子比特数呈超线性扩展，这对于支持 QC 硬件的可扩展性至关重要。
{"title":"Integration of Quantum Accelerators into HPC: Toward a Unified Quantum Platform","authors":"Amr Elsharkawy, Xiaorang Guo, Martin Schulz","doi":"arxiv-2407.18527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.18527","url":null,"abstract":"To harness the power of quantum computing (QC) in the near future, tight and\u0000efficient integration of QC with high performance computing (HPC)\u0000infrastructure (both on the software (SW) and the hardware (HW) level) is\u0000crucial. This paper addresses the development of a unified quantum platform\u0000(UQP) and how it is being integrated into the HPC ecosystem. It builds on the\u0000concepts of hybrid high performance computing - quantum computing (HPCQC)\u0000workflows and a unified HPCQC toolchain, introduced in our previous work and\u0000makes the next needed step: it unifies the low-level interface between the\u0000existing classical HPC systems and the emerging quantum hardware technologies,\u0000including but not limited to machines based on superconducting qubits, neutral\u0000atoms or trapped ions. The UQP consists of three core components: a runtime\u0000library, an instruction set architecture (ISA) and a quantum control processor\u0000(QCP) micro-architecture. In particular, this work contributes a unified HPCQC\u0000runtime library that bridges the gap between programming systems built on\u0000quantum intermediate representation (QIR) standard with a novel, unified hybrid\u0000ISA. It then introduces the initial extension of an ISA and QCP\u0000micro-architecture to be platform and technology agnostic and enables it as an\u0000efficient execution platform. The UQP has been verified to ensure correctness.\u0000Further, our performance analysis shows that the execution time and memory\u0000requirements of the runtime library scale super-linearly with number of qubits,\u0000which is critical to support scalability efforts in QC hardware.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad M. Nazar, Mohamed Y. Selim, Ashraf Gaffar, Shakil Ahmed
Integrating Generative AI (GenAI) into educational contexts presents a transformative potential for enhancing learning experiences. This paper introduces CourseGPT, a generative AI tool designed to support instructors and enhance the educational experiences of undergraduate students. Built on open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) from Mistral AI, CourseGPT offers continuous instructor support and regular updates to course materials, enriching the learning environment. By utilizing course-specific content, such as slide decks and supplementary readings and references, CourseGPT provides precise, dynamically generated responses to student inquiries. Unlike generic AI models, CourseGPT allows instructors to manage and control the responses, thus extending the course scope without overwhelming details. The paper demonstrates the application of CourseGPT using the CPR E 431 - Basics of Information System Security course as a pilot. This course, with its large enrollments and diverse curriculum, serves as an ideal testbed for CourseGPT. The tool aims to enhance the learning experience, accelerate feedback processes, and streamline administrative tasks. The study evaluates CourseGPT's impact on student outcomes, focusing on correctness scores, context recall, and faithfulness of responses. Results indicate that the Mixtral-8x7b model, with a higher parameter count, outperforms smaller models, achieving an 88.0% correctness score and a 66.6% faithfulness score. Additionally, feedback from former students and teaching assistants on CourseGPT's accuracy, helpfulness, and overall performance was collected. The outcomes revealed that a significant majority found CourseGPT to be highly accurate and beneficial in addressing their queries, with many praising its ability to provide timely and relevant information.
{"title":"Revolutionizing Undergraduate Learning: CourseGPT and Its Generative AI Advancements","authors":"Ahmad M. Nazar, Mohamed Y. Selim, Ashraf Gaffar, Shakil Ahmed","doi":"arxiv-2407.18310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.18310","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating Generative AI (GenAI) into educational contexts presents a\u0000transformative potential for enhancing learning experiences. This paper\u0000introduces CourseGPT, a generative AI tool designed to support instructors and\u0000enhance the educational experiences of undergraduate students. Built on\u0000open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) from Mistral AI, CourseGPT offers\u0000continuous instructor support and regular updates to course materials,\u0000enriching the learning environment. By utilizing course-specific content, such\u0000as slide decks and supplementary readings and references, CourseGPT provides\u0000precise, dynamically generated responses to student inquiries. Unlike generic\u0000AI models, CourseGPT allows instructors to manage and control the responses,\u0000thus extending the course scope without overwhelming details. The paper\u0000demonstrates the application of CourseGPT using the CPR E 431 - Basics of\u0000Information System Security course as a pilot. This course, with its large\u0000enrollments and diverse curriculum, serves as an ideal testbed for CourseGPT.\u0000The tool aims to enhance the learning experience, accelerate feedback\u0000processes, and streamline administrative tasks. The study evaluates CourseGPT's\u0000impact on student outcomes, focusing on correctness scores, context recall, and\u0000faithfulness of responses. Results indicate that the Mixtral-8x7b model, with a\u0000higher parameter count, outperforms smaller models, achieving an 88.0%\u0000correctness score and a 66.6% faithfulness score. Additionally, feedback from\u0000former students and teaching assistants on CourseGPT's accuracy, helpfulness,\u0000and overall performance was collected. The outcomes revealed that a significant\u0000majority found CourseGPT to be highly accurate and beneficial in addressing\u0000their queries, with many praising its ability to provide timely and relevant\u0000information.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mudathir Muhammad Salahudeen, Muhammad Auwal Mukhtar, Saadu Salihu Abubakar, Salawu I. S
Over time, agriculture is the most consistent activity, and it evolves every day. It contributes to a vast majority of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Nigeria but as ironic as it may be, there is still hunger in significant parts of the country due to low productivity in the agricultural sector and comparison to the geometric population growth. During the first half of 2022, agriculture contributed about 23% of the country's GDP while the industry and services sector had a share of the remaining 77%. This showed that with the high rate of agricultural activities, Nigeria has not achieved food security for the teeming population. and more productivity levels can be attained. Technology can/will assist Nigeria in overcoming global poverty and hunger quicker in both rural and urban areas. Today, there are many types of agricultural technologies available for farmers all over the world to increase productivity. Major technological advancements include indoor vertical farming, automation, robotics, livestock technology, modern greenhouse practices, precision agriculture, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. Mobile phones have one of the highest adoption rates of technologies developed within the last century. Digitalization will bring consumers and farmers closer together to access the shortest supply chain possible and reduce rural poverty and hunger. The paper will review the different agricultural technologies and propose a mobile solution, code Sell Harvest, to make farming more sustainable and secure food. Keywords: Sell Harvest, Agriculture, Technology, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Farming.
{"title":"Mobile Technology: A Panacea to Food Insecurity In Nigeria -- A Case Study of SELL HARVEST Application","authors":"Mudathir Muhammad Salahudeen, Muhammad Auwal Mukhtar, Saadu Salihu Abubakar, Salawu I. S","doi":"arxiv-2407.16614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.16614","url":null,"abstract":"Over time, agriculture is the most consistent activity, and it evolves every\u0000day. It contributes to a vast majority of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of\u0000Nigeria but as ironic as it may be, there is still hunger in significant parts\u0000of the country due to low productivity in the agricultural sector and\u0000comparison to the geometric population growth. During the first half of 2022,\u0000agriculture contributed about 23% of the country's GDP while the industry and\u0000services sector had a share of the remaining 77%. This showed that with the\u0000high rate of agricultural activities, Nigeria has not achieved food security\u0000for the teeming population. and more productivity levels can be attained.\u0000Technology can/will assist Nigeria in overcoming global poverty and hunger\u0000quicker in both rural and urban areas. Today, there are many types of\u0000agricultural technologies available for farmers all over the world to increase\u0000productivity. Major technological advancements include indoor vertical farming,\u0000automation, robotics, livestock technology, modern greenhouse practices,\u0000precision agriculture, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. Mobile phones\u0000have one of the highest adoption rates of technologies developed within the\u0000last century. Digitalization will bring consumers and farmers closer together\u0000to access the shortest supply chain possible and reduce rural poverty and\u0000hunger. The paper will review the different agricultural technologies and\u0000propose a mobile solution, code Sell Harvest, to make farming more sustainable\u0000and secure food. Keywords: Sell Harvest, Agriculture, Technology, Artificial Intelligence, and\u0000Digital Farming.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The arrival of Large Language Models (LLMs) has stirred up philosophical debates about the possibility of realizing agency in an artificial manner. In this work we contribute to the debate by presenting a theoretical model that can be used as a threshold conception for artificial agents. The model defines agents as systems whose actions and goals are always influenced by a dynamic framework of factors that consists of the agent's accessible history, its adaptive repertoire and its external environment. This framework, in turn, is influenced by the actions that the agent takes and the goals that it forms. We show with the help of the model that state-of-the-art LLMs are not agents yet, but that there are elements to them that suggest a way forward. The paper argues that a combination of the agent architecture presented in Park et al. (2023) together with the use of modules like the Coscientist in Boiko et al. (2023) could potentially be a way to realize agency in an artificial manner. We end the paper by reflecting on the obstacles one might face in building such an artificial agent and by presenting possible directions for future research.
{"title":"Artificial Agency and Large Language Models","authors":"Maud Van Lier, Gorka Muñoz-Gil","doi":"arxiv-2407.16190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.16190","url":null,"abstract":"The arrival of Large Language Models (LLMs) has stirred up philosophical\u0000debates about the possibility of realizing agency in an artificial manner. In\u0000this work we contribute to the debate by presenting a theoretical model that\u0000can be used as a threshold conception for artificial agents. The model defines\u0000agents as systems whose actions and goals are always influenced by a dynamic\u0000framework of factors that consists of the agent's accessible history, its\u0000adaptive repertoire and its external environment. This framework, in turn, is\u0000influenced by the actions that the agent takes and the goals that it forms. We\u0000show with the help of the model that state-of-the-art LLMs are not agents yet,\u0000but that there are elements to them that suggest a way forward. The paper\u0000argues that a combination of the agent architecture presented in Park et al.\u0000(2023) together with the use of modules like the Coscientist in Boiko et al.\u0000(2023) could potentially be a way to realize agency in an artificial manner. We\u0000end the paper by reflecting on the obstacles one might face in building such an\u0000artificial agent and by presenting possible directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Providing authoritative information tailored to a student's specific doubt is a hurdle in this era where search engines return an overwhelming number of article links. Large Language Models such as GPTs fail to provide answers to questions that were derived from sensitive confidential information. This information which is specific to some organisations is not available to LLMs due to privacy constraints. This is where knowledge-augmented retrieval techniques become particularly useful. The proposed platform is designed to cater to the needs of learners from divergent fields. Today, the most common format of learning is video and books, which our proposed platform allows learners to interact and ask questions. This increases learners' focus time exponentially by restricting access to pertinent content and, at the same time allowing personalized access and freedom to gain in-depth knowledge. Instructor's roles and responsibilities are significantly simplified allowing them to train a larger audience. To preserve privacy, instructors can grant course access to specific individuals, enabling personalized conversation on the provided content. This work includes an extensive spectrum of software development and product management skills, which also circumscribe knowledge of cloud computing for running Large Language Models and maintaining the application. For Frontend development, which is responsible for user interaction and user experience, Streamlit and React framework have been utilized. To improve security and privacy, the server is routed to a domain with an SSL certificate, and all the API key/s are stored securely on an AWS EC2 instance, to enhance user experience, web connectivity to an Android Studio-based mobile app has been established, and in-process to publish the app on play store, thus addressing all major software engineering disciplines
在搜索引擎返回大量文章链接的时代，针对学生的具体疑问提供权威信息是一个障碍。大型语言模型（如 GPT）无法提供源自敏感机密信息的问题答案。由于隐私方面的限制，LLM 无法获得这些特定于某些组织的信息。这正是知识增强检索技术特别有用的地方。拟议的平台旨在满足不同领域学习者的需求。如今，最常见的学习形式是视频和书籍，而我们提出的平台允许学习者进行互动和提问。通过限制对相关内容的访问，学习者的专注时间成倍增加，同时允许个性化访问和自由获取深入知识。为了保护个人隐私，讲师可以将课程访问权授予特定的个人，从而可以就所提供的内容进行个性化对话。这项工作包括广泛的软件开发和产品管理技能，还包括运行大型语言模型和维护应用程序的云计算知识。前端开发负责用户交互和用户体验，使用了 Streamlit 和 React 框架。为了提高安全性和私密性，服务器被路由到一个具有 SSL 证书的域，所有 API 密钥都安全地存储在 AWSEC2 实例中，为了增强用户体验，建立了与基于 AndroidStudio 的移动应用程序的网络连接，并正在 play 商店发布应用程序，从而解决了所有主要软件工程学科的问题
{"title":"VidyaRANG: Conversational Learning Based Platform powered by Large Language Model","authors":"Chitranshu Harbola, Anupam Purwar","doi":"arxiv-2407.16209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.16209","url":null,"abstract":"Providing authoritative information tailored to a student's specific doubt is\u0000a hurdle in this era where search engines return an overwhelming number of\u0000article links. Large Language Models such as GPTs fail to provide answers to\u0000questions that were derived from sensitive confidential information. This\u0000information which is specific to some organisations is not available to LLMs\u0000due to privacy constraints. This is where knowledge-augmented retrieval\u0000techniques become particularly useful. The proposed platform is designed to\u0000cater to the needs of learners from divergent fields. Today, the most common\u0000format of learning is video and books, which our proposed platform allows\u0000learners to interact and ask questions. This increases learners' focus time\u0000exponentially by restricting access to pertinent content and, at the same time\u0000allowing personalized access and freedom to gain in-depth knowledge.\u0000Instructor's roles and responsibilities are significantly simplified allowing\u0000them to train a larger audience. To preserve privacy, instructors can grant\u0000course access to specific individuals, enabling personalized conversation on\u0000the provided content. This work includes an extensive spectrum of software\u0000development and product management skills, which also circumscribe knowledge of\u0000cloud computing for running Large Language Models and maintaining the\u0000application. For Frontend development, which is responsible for user\u0000interaction and user experience, Streamlit and React framework have been\u0000utilized. To improve security and privacy, the server is routed to a domain\u0000with an SSL certificate, and all the API key/s are stored securely on an AWS\u0000EC2 instance, to enhance user experience, web connectivity to an Android\u0000Studio-based mobile app has been established, and in-process to publish the app\u0000on play store, thus addressing all major software engineering disciplines","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CXL (Compute Express Link) is an emerging open industry-standard interconnect between processing and memory devices that is expected to revolutionize the way systems are designed in the near future. It enables cache-coherent shared memory pools in a disaggregated fashion at unprecedented scales, allowing algorithms to interact with a variety of storage devices using simple loads and stores in a cacheline granularity. Alongside with unleashing unique opportunities for a wide range of applications, CXL introduces new challenges of data management and crash consistency. Alas, CXL lacks an adequate programming model, which makes reasoning about the correctness and expected behaviors of algorithms and systems on top of it nearly impossible. In this work, we present CXL0, the first programming model for concurrent programs running on top of CXL. We propose a high-level abstraction for CXL memory accesses and formally define operational semantics on top of that abstraction. We provide a set of general transformations that adapt concurrent algorithms to the new disruptive technology. Using these transformations, every linearizable algorithm can be easily transformed into its provably correct version in the face of a full-system or sub-system crash. We believe that this work will serve as the stepping stone for systems design and modelling on top of CXL, and support the development of future models as software and hardware evolve.
{"title":"A Programming Model for Disaggregated Memory over CXL","authors":"Gal Assa, Michal Friedman, Ori Lahav","doi":"arxiv-2407.16300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.16300","url":null,"abstract":"CXL (Compute Express Link) is an emerging open industry-standard interconnect\u0000between processing and memory devices that is expected to revolutionize the way\u0000systems are designed in the near future. It enables cache-coherent shared\u0000memory pools in a disaggregated fashion at unprecedented scales, allowing\u0000algorithms to interact with a variety of storage devices using simple loads and\u0000stores in a cacheline granularity. Alongside with unleashing unique\u0000opportunities for a wide range of applications, CXL introduces new challenges\u0000of data management and crash consistency. Alas, CXL lacks an adequate\u0000programming model, which makes reasoning about the correctness and expected\u0000behaviors of algorithms and systems on top of it nearly impossible. In this work, we present CXL0, the first programming model for concurrent\u0000programs running on top of CXL. We propose a high-level abstraction for CXL\u0000memory accesses and formally define operational semantics on top of that\u0000abstraction. We provide a set of general transformations that adapt concurrent\u0000algorithms to the new disruptive technology. Using these transformations, every\u0000linearizable algorithm can be easily transformed into its provably correct\u0000version in the face of a full-system or sub-system crash. We believe that this\u0000work will serve as the stepping stone for systems design and modelling on top\u0000of CXL, and support the development of future models as software and hardware\u0000evolve.","PeriodicalId":501168,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Emerging Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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