The Identity Method is a statistical technique developed to reconstruct moments of multiplicity distributions of particles produced in high-energy nuclear collisions. The method leverages principles from fuzzy logic, allowing for a more nuanced representation of particle identification by assigning degrees of membership to different particle types based on detector signals. In this contribution, a mathematical framework, based on a multivariate moment generation function, is developed that allows the derivation of the formulas used in the Identity Method in a more robust way. Moreover, within the introduced framework, the Identity Method is easily extended to cope with arbitrarily higher-order moments. The techniques developed here offer significant potential for improving the accuracy of multiplicity distribution analyses in high-energy nuclear collisions. While the primary focus of the work presented is on applications in high-energy and nuclear physics, it can also be applied in other areas where signal identification is probabilistic and data are noisy, such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and various other fields of experimental science.
{"title":"Fuzzy logic for reconstructing arbitrary moments of multiplicity distributions","authors":"Anar Rustamov","doi":"arxiv-2409.09814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09814","url":null,"abstract":"The Identity Method is a statistical technique developed to reconstruct\u0000moments of multiplicity distributions of particles produced in high-energy\u0000nuclear collisions. The method leverages principles from fuzzy logic, allowing\u0000for a more nuanced representation of particle identification by assigning\u0000degrees of membership to different particle types based on detector signals. In\u0000this contribution, a mathematical framework, based on a multivariate moment\u0000generation function, is developed that allows the derivation of the formulas\u0000used in the Identity Method in a more robust way. Moreover, within the\u0000introduced framework, the Identity Method is easily extended to cope with\u0000arbitrarily higher-order moments. The techniques developed here offer\u0000significant potential for improving the accuracy of multiplicity distribution\u0000analyses in high-energy nuclear collisions. While the primary focus of the work\u0000presented is on applications in high-energy and nuclear physics, it can also be\u0000applied in other areas where signal identification is probabilistic and data\u0000are noisy, such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and various other fields of\u0000experimental science.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A controversy about the possibility of dynamic effects in nuclear screening has been around for several decades. On the one hand, there is the claim that there are no dynamic effects, and that the classic Salpeter correction based on static Debye screening is all that is needed for astrophysical applications. The size of the correction is on the order of 5% in typical solar fusion reactions. On the other hand, numerical simulations have shown that there is a dynamical effect, which essentially cancels the Salpeter correction. The results of the numerical simulations were later independently confirmed. The astrophysical community, however, has so far largely ignored the possibility of dynamical screening. The present paper is meant to serve as a reminder of the controversy. Not only does the claim of an absence of a dynamical effect equally warrant an independent confirmation, but there is motivation for further investigation, such as the assessment of current laboratory experiments and a quantitative study of the dynamical effect in case it will turn out to be real.
{"title":"The Current State of the Controversy over Screening in Nuclear Reactions","authors":"Werner Däppen","doi":"arxiv-2409.09826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09826","url":null,"abstract":"A controversy about the possibility of dynamic effects in nuclear screening\u0000has been around for several decades. On the one hand, there is the claim that\u0000there are no dynamic effects, and that the classic Salpeter correction based on\u0000static Debye screening is all that is needed for astrophysical applications.\u0000The size of the correction is on the order of 5% in typical solar fusion\u0000reactions. On the other hand, numerical simulations have shown that there is a\u0000dynamical effect, which essentially cancels the Salpeter correction. The\u0000results of the numerical simulations were later independently confirmed. The\u0000astrophysical community, however, has so far largely ignored the possibility of\u0000dynamical screening. The present paper is meant to serve as a reminder of the\u0000controversy. Not only does the claim of an absence of a dynamical effect\u0000equally warrant an independent confirmation, but there is motivation for\u0000further investigation, such as the assessment of current laboratory experiments\u0000and a quantitative study of the dynamical effect in case it will turn out to be\u0000real.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. C. Atkinson, K. Kravvaris, S. Quaglioni, P. Navrátil
The $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be radiative capture reaction plays a key role in the creation of elements in stars as well as in the production of solar neutrinos, the observation of which is one of the main tools to study the properties of our sun. Since accurate experimental measurements of this fusion cross section at solar energies are difficult due to the strong Coulomb repulsion between the reactants, the onus falls on theory to provide a robust means for extrapolating from the region where experimental data is available down to the desired astrophysical regime. We present the first microscopic calculations of $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be with explicit inclusion of three-nucleon forces. Our prediction of the astrophysical $S$ factor qualitatively agrees with experimental data. We further incorporate experimental bound-state and scattering information in our calculation to arrive at a more quantitative description. This process reveals that our current model lacks sufficient repulsion in the $1/2^+$ channel of our model space to simultaneously reproduce elastic-scattering data. This deficit suggests that $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be probes aspects of the nuclear force that are not currently well-constrained.
{"title":"Ab initio calculation of the $^3$He$(α,γ)^7$Be astrophysical S factor with chiral two- and three-nucleon forces","authors":"M. C. Atkinson, K. Kravvaris, S. Quaglioni, P. Navrátil","doi":"arxiv-2409.09515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09515","url":null,"abstract":"The $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be radiative capture reaction plays a key role\u0000in the creation of elements in stars as well as in the production of solar\u0000neutrinos, the observation of which is one of the main tools to study the\u0000properties of our sun. Since accurate experimental measurements of this fusion\u0000cross section at solar energies are difficult due to the strong Coulomb\u0000repulsion between the reactants, the onus falls on theory to provide a robust\u0000means for extrapolating from the region where experimental data is available\u0000down to the desired astrophysical regime. We present the first microscopic\u0000calculations of $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be with explicit inclusion of\u0000three-nucleon forces. Our prediction of the astrophysical $S$ factor\u0000qualitatively agrees with experimental data. We further incorporate\u0000experimental bound-state and scattering information in our calculation to\u0000arrive at a more quantitative description. This process reveals that our\u0000current model lacks sufficient repulsion in the $1/2^+$ channel of our model\u0000space to simultaneously reproduce elastic-scattering data. This deficit\u0000suggests that $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be probes aspects of the nuclear force\u0000that are not currently well-constrained.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present an analysis of lepton-jet azimuthal decorrelation in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N$^{3}$LL) accuracy, combined with fixed-order corrections at $mathcal{O}(alpha_s^2)$. In this study, jets are defined in the lab frame using the anti-$k_T$ clustering algorithm and the winner-take-all recombination scheme. The N$^{3}$LL resummation results are derived from the transverse-momentum dependent factorization formula within the soft-collinear effective theory, while the $mathcal{O}(alpha_s^2)$ fixed-order matching distribution is calculated using the {tt NLOJET++} event generator. The azimuthal decorrelation between the jet and electron serves as a critical probe of the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon. Our numerical predictions provide a robust framework for precision studies of QCD and the nucleon's internal structure through jet observables in DIS. These results are particularly significant for analyses involving jets in HERA data and the forthcoming electron-ion collider experiments.
{"title":"N$^{mathbf{3}}$LL + $mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$ predictions of lepton-jet azimuthal angular distribution in deep-inelastic scattering","authors":"Shen Fang, Mei-Sen Gao, Hai Tao Li, Ding Yu Shao","doi":"arxiv-2409.09248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09248","url":null,"abstract":"We present an analysis of lepton-jet azimuthal decorrelation in\u0000deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic\u0000(N$^{3}$LL) accuracy, combined with fixed-order corrections at\u0000$mathcal{O}(alpha_s^2)$. In this study, jets are defined in the lab frame\u0000using the anti-$k_T$ clustering algorithm and the winner-take-all recombination\u0000scheme. The N$^{3}$LL resummation results are derived from the\u0000transverse-momentum dependent factorization formula within the soft-collinear\u0000effective theory, while the $mathcal{O}(alpha_s^2)$ fixed-order matching\u0000distribution is calculated using the {tt NLOJET++} event generator. The\u0000azimuthal decorrelation between the jet and electron serves as a critical probe\u0000of the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon. Our numerical predictions\u0000provide a robust framework for precision studies of QCD and the nucleon's\u0000internal structure through jet observables in DIS. These results are\u0000particularly significant for analyses involving jets in HERA data and the\u0000forthcoming electron-ion collider experiments.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pranjal Tambe, Debarati Chatterjee, Mark Alford, Alexander Haber
Isospin-equilibrating weak processes, called ``Urca" processes, are of fundamental importance in astrophysical environments like (proto-)neutron stars, neutron star mergers, and supernovae. In these environments, matter can reach high temperatures of tens of MeVs and be subject to large magnetic fields. We thus investigate Urca rates at different temperatures and field strengths by performing the full temperature and magnetic-field dependent rate integrals for different equations of state. We find that the magnetic fields play an important role at temperatures of a few MeV, especially close to or below the direct Urca threshold, which is softened by the magnetic field. At higher temperatures, the effect of the magnetic fields can be overshadowed by the thermal effects. We observe that the magnetic field more strongly influences the neutron decay rates than the electron capture rates, leading to a shift in chemical equilibrium.
{"title":"Effect of Magnetic Fields on Urca Rates in Neutron Star Mergers","authors":"Pranjal Tambe, Debarati Chatterjee, Mark Alford, Alexander Haber","doi":"arxiv-2409.09423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09423","url":null,"abstract":"Isospin-equilibrating weak processes, called ``Urca\" processes, are of\u0000fundamental importance in astrophysical environments like (proto-)neutron\u0000stars, neutron star mergers, and supernovae. In these environments, matter can\u0000reach high temperatures of tens of MeVs and be subject to large magnetic\u0000fields. We thus investigate Urca rates at different temperatures and field\u0000strengths by performing the full temperature and magnetic-field dependent rate\u0000integrals for different equations of state. We find that the magnetic fields\u0000play an important role at temperatures of a few MeV, especially close to or\u0000below the direct Urca threshold, which is softened by the magnetic field. At\u0000higher temperatures, the effect of the magnetic fields can be overshadowed by\u0000the thermal effects. We observe that the magnetic field more strongly\u0000influences the neutron decay rates than the electron capture rates, leading to\u0000a shift in chemical equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We calculate the complete $T$ matrices with decuplet contributions for pion-nucleon scattering to order $mathcal{O}(epsilon^3)$ in heavy baryon SU(3) chiral perturbation theory. The baryon mass in the chiral limit $M_0$ and the low-energy constants are determined by fitting to phase shifts of $pi N$, the experimental octet-baryon masses, and the value of $sigma_{pi N}$ simultaneously. By using these constants, we obtain the accurate $KN$ $sigma$ terms, $sigma_{KN}^{(1)}=(375.07pm33.02)$ MeV and $sigma_{KN}^{(2)}=(275.32pm32.24)$ MeV. An excellent description of the phase shifts is obtained for all partial waves. We also present results for scattering lengths and scattering volumes. In addition, the convergence of the approach is also discussed.
{"title":"Pion-nucleon scattering with decuplet contribution in heavy baryon SU(3) chiral perturbation theory","authors":"Jing Ou-Yang, Bo-Lin Huang","doi":"arxiv-2409.09388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09388","url":null,"abstract":"We calculate the complete $T$ matrices with decuplet contributions for\u0000pion-nucleon scattering to order $mathcal{O}(epsilon^3)$ in heavy baryon\u0000SU(3) chiral perturbation theory. The baryon mass in the chiral limit $M_0$ and\u0000the low-energy constants are determined by fitting to phase shifts of $pi N$,\u0000the experimental octet-baryon masses, and the value of $sigma_{pi N}$\u0000simultaneously. By using these constants, we obtain the accurate $KN$ $sigma$\u0000terms, $sigma_{KN}^{(1)}=(375.07pm33.02)$ MeV and\u0000$sigma_{KN}^{(2)}=(275.32pm32.24)$ MeV. An excellent description of the phase\u0000shifts is obtained for all partial waves. We also present results for\u0000scattering lengths and scattering volumes. In addition, the convergence of the\u0000approach is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. B. Wei, H. L. Wei, C. W. Ma, C. Y. Qiao, Y. F. Guo, J. Pu, K. X. Cheng, Y. T. Wang, Z. X. Wang, T. R. Zhou, D. Peng, S. T. Wang, S. W. Tang, Y. H. Yu, X. H. Zhang, Y. Z. Sun, S. Y. Jin, G. L. Zhang, X. Jiang, Z. Y. Li, Y. F. Xu, F. H. Lu, T. Q. Liu
Precise predictions for nuclei near drip lines are crucial for experiments in new generation of rare isotope facilities. A multi-models investigation of the $Q_g$ systematics for fragments production cross sections, with $Q_g$ defined as the difference of mass excess (ME) between the projectile ($Z_{p}, A_{p}$) and the fragment ($Z_{f}, A_{f}$) nuclei $Q_{g}=ME(Z_{p}, A_{p})-ME(Z_{f}, A_{f})$, has been performed to verify the model prediction abilities for light neutron-rich isotopes in measured $^{40}$Ar + $^9$Be projectile fragmentation reactions from 57$A$ MeV to 1$A$ GeV. The models used are the FRACS parametrizations and the newly developed Bayesian neural networks (BNN) model. %method The results show that FRACS, BNN, and $Q_g$ extrapolations are generally consistent, except for fragments near the nuclear mass of the projectile. Additionally, both measured data and model extrapolations provide evidence for a shell closure at $N=$ 16 in fluorine and neon, as well as the disappearance of the traditional magic number $N=$ 20 in neon, sodium and magnesium.
{"title":"Multiple-models prediction for light neutron-rich isotopes cross section by $Q_g$ systematics in $^{40}$Ar projectile fragmentation reactions","authors":"X. B. Wei, H. L. Wei, C. W. Ma, C. Y. Qiao, Y. F. Guo, J. Pu, K. X. Cheng, Y. T. Wang, Z. X. Wang, T. R. Zhou, D. Peng, S. T. Wang, S. W. Tang, Y. H. Yu, X. H. Zhang, Y. Z. Sun, S. Y. Jin, G. L. Zhang, X. Jiang, Z. Y. Li, Y. F. Xu, F. H. Lu, T. Q. Liu","doi":"arxiv-2409.09367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09367","url":null,"abstract":"Precise predictions for nuclei near drip lines are crucial for experiments in\u0000new generation of rare isotope facilities. A multi-models investigation of the\u0000$Q_g$ systematics for fragments production cross sections, with $Q_g$ defined\u0000as the difference of mass excess (ME) between the projectile ($Z_{p}, A_{p}$)\u0000and the fragment ($Z_{f}, A_{f}$) nuclei $Q_{g}=ME(Z_{p}, A_{p})-ME(Z_{f},\u0000A_{f})$, has been performed to verify the model prediction abilities for light\u0000neutron-rich isotopes in measured $^{40}$Ar + $^9$Be projectile fragmentation\u0000reactions from 57$A$ MeV to 1$A$ GeV. The models used are the FRACS\u0000parametrizations and the newly developed Bayesian neural networks (BNN) model.\u0000%method The results show that FRACS, BNN, and $Q_g$ extrapolations are\u0000generally consistent, except for fragments near the nuclear mass of the\u0000projectile. Additionally, both measured data and model extrapolations provide\u0000evidence for a shell closure at $N=$ 16 in fluorine and neon, as well as the\u0000disappearance of the traditional magic number $N=$ 20 in neon, sodium and\u0000magnesium.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Patel, D. C. Cuong, K. B. Howard, U. Garg, Dao T. Khoa, H. Akimune, G. P. A. Berg, M. Fujiwara, M. N. Harakeh, M. Itoh, C. Iwamoto, T. Kawabata, K. Kawase, J. T. Matta, T. Murakami, M. Yosoi
Angular distributions of the elastic and inelastic deuteron-nucleus scattering off $^{24}$Mg, $^{28}$Si, $^{58}$Ni, $^{90}$Zr, $^{116}$Sn, and $^{208}$Pb have been measured at a beam energy of 98 MeV/nucleon, with the goal of constraining the deuteron optical potential in this kinematical regime, and to extract the reduced transition probabilities for the ground-state transitions to low-lying excited states of these nuclei. Two potential models were used in the analysis of the measured $(d,d)$ and $(d,d')$ data within the optical model and the distorted-wave Born approximation: the phenomenological optical model potential associated with the collective model of nuclear scattering, and the semi-microscopic double-folding model of the deuteron-nucleus potential based on a realistic density-dependent M3Y interaction. The deuteron optical potential and inelastic $(d,d')$ scattering form factors were calculated using these two potential models, allowing for a direct comparison between the potential models as well as the validation of the deduced $Elambda$ transition rates.
{"title":"Optical model potentials for deuteron scattering off $^{24}$Mg, $^{28}$Si, $^{58}$Ni, $^{90}$Zr, $^{116}$Sn, and $^{208}$Pb at $sim$100 MeV/nucleon","authors":"D. Patel, D. C. Cuong, K. B. Howard, U. Garg, Dao T. Khoa, H. Akimune, G. P. A. Berg, M. Fujiwara, M. N. Harakeh, M. Itoh, C. Iwamoto, T. Kawabata, K. Kawase, J. T. Matta, T. Murakami, M. Yosoi","doi":"arxiv-2409.08517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.08517","url":null,"abstract":"Angular distributions of the elastic and inelastic deuteron-nucleus\u0000scattering off $^{24}$Mg, $^{28}$Si, $^{58}$Ni, $^{90}$Zr, $^{116}$Sn, and\u0000$^{208}$Pb have been measured at a beam energy of 98 MeV/nucleon, with the goal\u0000of constraining the deuteron optical potential in this kinematical regime, and\u0000to extract the reduced transition probabilities for the ground-state\u0000transitions to low-lying excited states of these nuclei. Two potential models\u0000were used in the analysis of the measured $(d,d)$ and $(d,d')$ data within the\u0000optical model and the distorted-wave Born approximation: the phenomenological\u0000optical model potential associated with the collective model of nuclear\u0000scattering, and the semi-microscopic double-folding model of the\u0000deuteron-nucleus potential based on a realistic density-dependent M3Y\u0000interaction. The deuteron optical potential and inelastic $(d,d')$ scattering\u0000form factors were calculated using these two potential models, allowing for a\u0000direct comparison between the potential models as well as the validation of the\u0000deduced $Elambda$ transition rates.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dana Avramescu, Vincenzo Greco, Tuomas Lappi, Heikki Mäntysaari, David Müller
We use classical equations of motion for heavy quarks to show that the pre-equilibrium glasma phase of a heavy ion collision has an extremely strong effect on heavy quark angular correlations. At the same time, the effect on the single inclusive spectrum is much more moderate. This suggests that $Doverline{D}$ meson angular correlations in future LHC measurements could provide direct experimental access to the physics of the pre-equilibrium stage.
{"title":"Heavy flavor angular correlations as a direct probe of the glasma","authors":"Dana Avramescu, Vincenzo Greco, Tuomas Lappi, Heikki Mäntysaari, David Müller","doi":"arxiv-2409.10565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.10565","url":null,"abstract":"We use classical equations of motion for heavy quarks to show that the\u0000pre-equilibrium glasma phase of a heavy ion collision has an extremely strong\u0000effect on heavy quark angular correlations. At the same time, the effect on the\u0000single inclusive spectrum is much more moderate. This suggests that\u0000$Doverline{D}$ meson angular correlations in future LHC measurements could\u0000provide direct experimental access to the physics of the pre-equilibrium stage.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ground state of QCD in sufficiently strong magnetic field at finite baryon density is an inhomogeneous state consisting of an array of solitons, called the chiral soliton lattice (CSL). It is, however, replaced in a region with higher density and/or magnetic field by the so-called domain-wall Skyrmion(DWSk) phase where Skyrmions are created on top of the CSL. This was previously proposed within the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) approximation neglecting a gauge field dynamics and taking into account its effect by a flux quantization condition. In this paper, by taking into account dynamics of the gauge field, we show that the phase boundary between the CSL and DWSk phases beyond the BPS approximation is identical to the one obtained in the BPS approximation. We also find that domain-wall Skyrmions are electrically charged with the charge one as a result of the chiral anomaly.
{"title":"Domain-wall Skyrmion phase of QCD in magnetic field: Gauge field dynamics","authors":"Yuki Amari, Minoru Eto, Muneto Nitta","doi":"arxiv-2409.08841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.08841","url":null,"abstract":"The ground state of QCD in sufficiently strong magnetic field at finite\u0000baryon density is an inhomogeneous state consisting of an array of solitons,\u0000called the chiral soliton lattice (CSL). It is, however, replaced in a region\u0000with higher density and/or magnetic field by the so-called domain-wall\u0000Skyrmion(DWSk) phase where Skyrmions are created on top of the CSL. This was\u0000previously proposed within the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS)\u0000approximation neglecting a gauge field dynamics and taking into account its\u0000effect by a flux quantization condition. In this paper, by taking into account\u0000dynamics of the gauge field, we show that the phase boundary between the CSL\u0000and DWSk phases beyond the BPS approximation is identical to the one obtained\u0000in the BPS approximation. We also find that domain-wall Skyrmions are\u0000electrically charged with the charge one as a result of the chiral anomaly.","PeriodicalId":501573,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Nuclear Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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