In this paper, we study right quantum calculus on finite intervals with respect to another function. We present new definitions on the right quantum derivative and right quantum integral of a function with respect to another function and study their basic properties. The new definitions generalize the previous existing results in the literature. We provide applications of the newly defined quantum calculus by obtaining new Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for convex, h-convex, and modified h-convex functions.
{"title":"Right Quantum Calculus on Finite Intervals with Respect to Another Function and Quantum Hermite–Hadamard Inequalities","authors":"A. Cuntavepanit, Sotiris K. Ntouyas, J. Tariboon","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070466","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study right quantum calculus on finite intervals with respect to another function. We present new definitions on the right quantum derivative and right quantum integral of a function with respect to another function and study their basic properties. The new definitions generalize the previous existing results in the literature. We provide applications of the newly defined quantum calculus by obtaining new Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for convex, h-convex, and modified h-convex functions.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"36 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Wang, Valer-Daniel Breaz, Y. S. Hamed, Luminița-Ioana Cotîrlă, Xuewu Zuo
In this paper, we establish several Milne-type inequalities for fuzzy number mappings and investigate their relationships with other inequalities. Specifically, we utilize Aumann’s integral and the fuzzy Kulisch–Miranker order, as well as the newly defined class, ħ-Godunova–Levin convex fuzzy number mappings, to derive Ostrowski’s and Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for fuzzy number mappings. Using the fuzzy Kulisch–Miranker order, we also establish connections with Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities. Furthermore, we explore novel ideas and results based on Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér and provide examples and applications to illustrate our findings. Some very interesting examples are also provided to discuss the validation of the main results. Additionally, some new exceptional and classical outcomes have been obtained, which can be considered as applications of our main results.
{"title":"Fuzzy Milne, Ostrowski, and Hermite–Hadamard-Type Inequalities for ħ-Godunova–Levin Convexity and Their Applications","authors":"Juan Wang, Valer-Daniel Breaz, Y. S. Hamed, Luminița-Ioana Cotîrlă, Xuewu Zuo","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070465","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we establish several Milne-type inequalities for fuzzy number mappings and investigate their relationships with other inequalities. Specifically, we utilize Aumann’s integral and the fuzzy Kulisch–Miranker order, as well as the newly defined class, ħ-Godunova–Levin convex fuzzy number mappings, to derive Ostrowski’s and Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for fuzzy number mappings. Using the fuzzy Kulisch–Miranker order, we also establish connections with Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities. Furthermore, we explore novel ideas and results based on Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér and provide examples and applications to illustrate our findings. Some very interesting examples are also provided to discuss the validation of the main results. Additionally, some new exceptional and classical outcomes have been obtained, which can be considered as applications of our main results.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we study the univariate quantitative smooth approximations, including both real and complex and ordinary and fractional approximations, under different functions. The approximators presented here are neural network operators activated by Richard’s curve, a parametrized form of logistic sigmoid function. All domains used are obtained from the whole real line. The neural network operators used here are of the quasi-interpolation type: basic ones, Kantorovich-type ones, and those of the quadrature type. We provide pointwise and uniform approximations with rates. We finish with their applications.
{"title":"Smooth Logistic Real and Complex, Ordinary and Fractional Neural Network Approximations over Infinite Domains","authors":"G. Anastassiou","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070462","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we study the univariate quantitative smooth approximations, including both real and complex and ordinary and fractional approximations, under different functions. The approximators presented here are neural network operators activated by Richard’s curve, a parametrized form of logistic sigmoid function. All domains used are obtained from the whole real line. The neural network operators used here are of the quasi-interpolation type: basic ones, Kantorovich-type ones, and those of the quadrature type. We provide pointwise and uniform approximations with rates. We finish with their applications.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"124 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marko Stefanović, Nenad O. Vesic, Dušan J. Simjanović, B. Randjelovic
In this paper, we obtained the geometrical objects that are common in different definitions of the generalized Riemannian spaces. These objects are analogies to the Thomas projective parameter and the Weyl projective tensor. After that, we obtained some geometrical objects important for applications in physics.
{"title":"Special Geometric Objects in Generalized Riemannian Spaces","authors":"Marko Stefanović, Nenad O. Vesic, Dušan J. Simjanović, B. Randjelovic","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070463","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we obtained the geometrical objects that are common in different definitions of the generalized Riemannian spaces. These objects are analogies to the Thomas projective parameter and the Weyl projective tensor. After that, we obtained some geometrical objects important for applications in physics.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"114 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A kind of reduced-dimension method based on a weighted explicit finite difference scheme and the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique for diffusion equations with Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives in space are discussed. The constructed approximation method written in matrix form can not only ensure a sufficient accuracy order but also reduce the degrees of freedom, decrease storage requirements, and accelerate the computation rate. Uniqueness, stabilization, and error estimation are demonstrated by matrix analysis. The procedural steps of the POD algorithm, which reduces dimensionality, are outlined. Numerical simulations to assess the viability and effectiveness of the reduced-dimension weighted explicit finite difference method are given. A comparison between the reduced-dimension method and the classical weighted explicit finite difference scheme is presented, including the error in the L2 norm, the accuracy order, and the CPU time.
讨论了一种基于加权显式有限差分方案和适当正交分解（POD）技术的空间黎曼-刘维尔分数导数扩散方程的降维方法。所构建的以矩阵形式编写的近似方法不仅能确保足够的精度阶次，还能减少自由度、降低存储要求并加快计算速度。通过矩阵分析证明了唯一性、稳定性和误差估计。概述了 POD 算法的程序步骤，该算法可降低维度。通过数值模拟评估了降维加权显式有限差分法的可行性和有效性。比较了降维方法和经典的加权显式有限差分方案，包括 L2 准则误差、精度阶次和 CPU 时间。
{"title":"A Reduced-Dimension Weighted Explicit Finite Difference Method Based on the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Technique for the Space-Fractional Diffusion Equation","authors":"Xuehui Ren, Hong Li","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070461","url":null,"abstract":"A kind of reduced-dimension method based on a weighted explicit finite difference scheme and the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique for diffusion equations with Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives in space are discussed. The constructed approximation method written in matrix form can not only ensure a sufficient accuracy order but also reduce the degrees of freedom, decrease storage requirements, and accelerate the computation rate. Uniqueness, stabilization, and error estimation are demonstrated by matrix analysis. The procedural steps of the POD algorithm, which reduces dimensionality, are outlined. Numerical simulations to assess the viability and effectiveness of the reduced-dimension weighted explicit finite difference method are given. A comparison between the reduced-dimension method and the classical weighted explicit finite difference scheme is presented, including the error in the L2 norm, the accuracy order, and the CPU time.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"104 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a computational method for the reliability of 2-separable networks. Based on graph theory and probability theory, this method simplifies the calculation process by constructing a network equivalent model and designing corresponding algorithms to achieve the efficient evaluation of reliability. Considering independent random failures of edges with equal probability q, this method can accurately calculate the reliability of 2-separable networks, and its effectiveness and accuracy are verified through examples. In addition, to demonstrate the generality of our method, we have also applied it to other 2-separable networks with fractal structures and proposed linear algorithms for calculating their all-terminal reliability.
{"title":"A Method for Calculating the Reliability of 2-Separable Networks and Its Applications","authors":"Jing Liang, Haixing Zhao, Sun Xie","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070459","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a computational method for the reliability of 2-separable networks. Based on graph theory and probability theory, this method simplifies the calculation process by constructing a network equivalent model and designing corresponding algorithms to achieve the efficient evaluation of reliability. Considering independent random failures of edges with equal probability q, this method can accurately calculate the reliability of 2-separable networks, and its effectiveness and accuracy are verified through examples. In addition, to demonstrate the generality of our method, we have also applied it to other 2-separable networks with fractal structures and proposed linear algorithms for calculating their all-terminal reliability.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is generally known that in order to solve the split equality fixed-point problem (SEFPP), it is necessary to compute the norm of bounded and linear operators, which is a challenging task in real life. To address this issue, we studied the SEFPP involving a class of quasi-pseudocontractive mappings in Hilbert spaces and constructed novel algorithms in this regard, and we proved the algorithms’ convergences both with and without prior knowledge of the operator norm for bounded and linear mappings. Additionally, we gave applications and numerical examples of our findings. A variety of well-known discoveries revealed in the literature are generalized by the findings presented in this work.
{"title":"The Split Equality Fixed-Point Problem and Its Applications","authors":"L. B. Mohammed, Adem Kilicman","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070460","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally known that in order to solve the split equality fixed-point problem (SEFPP), it is necessary to compute the norm of bounded and linear operators, which is a challenging task in real life. To address this issue, we studied the SEFPP involving a class of quasi-pseudocontractive mappings in Hilbert spaces and constructed novel algorithms in this regard, and we proved the algorithms’ convergences both with and without prior knowledge of the operator norm for bounded and linear mappings. Additionally, we gave applications and numerical examples of our findings. A variety of well-known discoveries revealed in the literature are generalized by the findings presented in this work.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marlon Moscoso-Martínez, F. Chicharro, A. Cordero, J. Torregrosa, Gabriela Ureña-Callay
In this manuscript, we introduce a novel parametric family of multistep iterative methods designed to solve nonlinear equations. This family is derived from a damped Newton’s scheme but includes an additional Newton step with a weight function and a “frozen” derivative, that is, the same derivative than in the previous step. Initially, we develop a quad-parametric class with a first-order convergence rate. Subsequently, by restricting one of its parameters, we accelerate the convergence to achieve a third-order uni-parametric family. We thoroughly investigate the convergence properties of this final class of iterative methods, assess its stability through dynamical tools, and evaluate its performance on a set of test problems. We conclude that there exists one optimal fourth-order member of this class, in the sense of Kung–Traub’s conjecture. Our analysis includes stability surfaces and dynamical planes, revealing the intricate nature of this family. Notably, our exploration of stability surfaces enables the identification of specific family members suitable for scalar functions with a challenging convergence behavior, as they may exhibit periodical orbits and fixed points with attracting behavior in their corresponding dynamical planes. Furthermore, our dynamical study finds members of the family of iterative methods with exceptional stability. This property allows us to converge to the solution of practical problem-solving applications even from initial estimations very far from the solution. We confirm our findings with various numerical tests, demonstrating the efficiency and reliability of the presented family of iterative methods.
{"title":"Achieving Optimal Order in a Novel Family of Numerical Methods: Insights from Convergence and Dynamical Analysis Results","authors":"Marlon Moscoso-Martínez, F. Chicharro, A. Cordero, J. Torregrosa, Gabriela Ureña-Callay","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070458","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript, we introduce a novel parametric family of multistep iterative methods designed to solve nonlinear equations. This family is derived from a damped Newton’s scheme but includes an additional Newton step with a weight function and a “frozen” derivative, that is, the same derivative than in the previous step. Initially, we develop a quad-parametric class with a first-order convergence rate. Subsequently, by restricting one of its parameters, we accelerate the convergence to achieve a third-order uni-parametric family. We thoroughly investigate the convergence properties of this final class of iterative methods, assess its stability through dynamical tools, and evaluate its performance on a set of test problems. We conclude that there exists one optimal fourth-order member of this class, in the sense of Kung–Traub’s conjecture. Our analysis includes stability surfaces and dynamical planes, revealing the intricate nature of this family. Notably, our exploration of stability surfaces enables the identification of specific family members suitable for scalar functions with a challenging convergence behavior, as they may exhibit periodical orbits and fixed points with attracting behavior in their corresponding dynamical planes. Furthermore, our dynamical study finds members of the family of iterative methods with exceptional stability. This property allows us to converge to the solution of practical problem-solving applications even from initial estimations very far from the solution. We confirm our findings with various numerical tests, demonstrating the efficiency and reliability of the presented family of iterative methods.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helicoidal surfaces of constant mean curvature were fully described by do Carmo and Dajczer. However, the obtained parameterizations are given in terms of somewhat complicated integrals, and as a consequence, not many examples of such surfaces are visualized. In this paper, by using these methods in some particular cases, we provide several interesting visualizations involving these surfaces, mostly as an isometric deformation of a rotational surface. We also give interpretations of some older results involving helicoidal surfaces, motivated by the work carried out by Malkowsky and Veličković. All of the graphics in this paper were created in Wolfram Mathematica.
do Carmo 和 Dajczer 对恒定平均曲率的斜面进行了全面描述。然而，所获得的参数化是以有些复杂的积分给出的，因此，可视化这类曲面的例子并不多。在本文中，通过在一些特殊情况下使用这些方法，我们提供了涉及这些曲面的几个有趣的可视化例子，其中大部分是旋转曲面的等距变形。我们还对一些涉及螺旋曲面的较早成果进行了解释，这些成果是由马尔科夫斯基和韦利奇科维奇的研究成果促成的。本文中的所有图形都是用 Wolfram Mathematica 制作的。
{"title":"Visualization of Isometric Deformations of Helicoidal CMC Surfaces","authors":"Filip Vukojević, M. Antić","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070457","url":null,"abstract":"Helicoidal surfaces of constant mean curvature were fully described by do Carmo and Dajczer. However, the obtained parameterizations are given in terms of somewhat complicated integrals, and as a consequence, not many examples of such surfaces are visualized. In this paper, by using these methods in some particular cases, we provide several interesting visualizations involving these surfaces, mostly as an isometric deformation of a rotational surface. We also give interpretations of some older results involving helicoidal surfaces, motivated by the work carried out by Malkowsky and Veličković. All of the graphics in this paper were created in Wolfram Mathematica.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering a representation space for a group of unimodular diag(1, −1, −1)-matrices, we construct several bases whose elements are eigenfunctions of Casimir infinitesimal operators related to a reduction in the group to some one-parameter subgroups. Finding the kernels of base transformation integral operators in terms of special functions, we consider the compositions of some of these transformations. Since composition is a ‘closed’ operation on the set of base transformations, we obtain some integral relations for the special functions involved in the above kernels.
{"title":"Concerning Transformations of Bases Associated with Unimodular diag(1, −1, −1)-Matrices","authors":"I. Shilin, Junesang Choi","doi":"10.3390/axioms13070452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms13070452","url":null,"abstract":"Considering a representation space for a group of unimodular diag(1, −1, −1)-matrices, we construct several bases whose elements are eigenfunctions of Casimir infinitesimal operators related to a reduction in the group to some one-parameter subgroups. Finding the kernels of base transformation integral operators in terms of special functions, we consider the compositions of some of these transformations. Since composition is a ‘closed’ operation on the set of base transformations, we obtain some integral relations for the special functions involved in the above kernels.","PeriodicalId":502355,"journal":{"name":"Axioms","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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