Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2275
N. C. Temegne, W. Gouertoumbo, Annie Stéphanie Nana, V. Taffouo, E. Youmbi
Aims: To evaluate the effect of water deficit (WD) and P-fertilizer on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut. Study Design: The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three factors: landraces (L1, L2, and L3), single superphosphate doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg P2O5.kg-1), and watering regime (90% (control), 60%, and 30% of field capacity (FC)). Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I for three months. Methodology: The seedlings (radicle at 2 mm) were sown in the polyethylene pots filled with substrate with the appropriate P-doses. The plants were grown for up to four weeks under normal watering level (90%_FC). Four weeks after sowing (WAS), the WD was applied by stopping irrigation and maintaining the desired FC. At harvest (8WAS), growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results: P-fertilizer significantly improved growth and biochemical composition under WD or none. The plant height increased from 20.3% from 0 to 100 mg P2O5 at 30%_FC to L2 at the 8th week. At 90%_FC, the doses 20, 40, 60, 100 mg increased sugars content by 52.6, 59.4, 64.6, and 90.4%, respectively, compared to 0 mg at L3. Proline content at 30%_FC was twice (2.5) that of 90%_FC at L2. Increased accumulation of sugars, proline, and amino acids in leaves was recorded at the severe level of WD. Conclusion: P-fertilizer mitigated the adverse effect of WD on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut. A sufficient P-supply (60 mg P2O5.kg-1) was recommended to help Bambara groundnut plants tolerate WD. L1 and L3 appear to be more tolerant than L2 and can be recommended to farmers. As the adaptation mechanisms of these landraces to WD are different, it would be advisable to evaluate their performance in the field to better assess their behavior.
{"title":"Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Morpho-physiological, and Biochemical Traits of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Plants Under Water Deficit","authors":"N. C. Temegne, W. Gouertoumbo, Annie Stéphanie Nana, V. Taffouo, E. Youmbi","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2275","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To evaluate the effect of water deficit (WD) and P-fertilizer on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut. \u0000Study Design: The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three factors: landraces (L1, L2, and L3), single superphosphate doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg P2O5.kg-1), and watering regime (90% (control), 60%, and 30% of field capacity (FC)). \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I for three months. \u0000Methodology: The seedlings (radicle at 2 mm) were sown in the polyethylene pots filled with substrate with the appropriate P-doses. The plants were grown for up to four weeks under normal watering level (90%_FC). Four weeks after sowing (WAS), the WD was applied by stopping irrigation and maintaining the desired FC. At harvest (8WAS), growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. \u0000Results: P-fertilizer significantly improved growth and biochemical composition under WD or none. The plant height increased from 20.3% from 0 to 100 mg P2O5 at 30%_FC to L2 at the 8th week. At 90%_FC, the doses 20, 40, 60, 100 mg increased sugars content by 52.6, 59.4, 64.6, and 90.4%, respectively, compared to 0 mg at L3. Proline content at 30%_FC was twice (2.5) that of 90%_FC at L2. Increased accumulation of sugars, proline, and amino acids in leaves was recorded at the severe level of WD. \u0000Conclusion: P-fertilizer mitigated the adverse effect of WD on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut. A sufficient P-supply (60 mg P2O5.kg-1) was recommended to help Bambara groundnut plants tolerate WD. L1 and L3 appear to be more tolerant than L2 and can be recommended to farmers. As the adaptation mechanisms of these landraces to WD are different, it would be advisable to evaluate their performance in the field to better assess their behavior.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"102 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2274
Maria Eduarda Pereira dos Santos, Paulo César Ferreira Linhares, Thiffany Louhanne Alves Dantas, Lunara De Sousa Alves, R. P. Sousa, U. L. D. Silva, Walter Martins Rodrigues, Joaquim Odilon Pereira, Pedro Ramualyson Fernandes Sampaio, Diego Zidane Fernandes da Costa, Débora Viviane Alves, Joyce Fernandes de Medeiros, Irene Leticia de Lima Cipriano Carlos
Cowpea cultivation is of great importance for farmers who work in this agricultural activity, in this sense, we evaluated the agronomic characteristics of cowpea {Vigna unguiculata (L.)} Creole cultivar (Semper verde), in the semi-arid region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out from November 2021 to February 2022 at the Rafael Fernandes experimental farm, in the district of Alagoinha (5º03'37 "S, 37º23'50" W), northwest of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, with an area of 400 hectares. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments, which will consist of planting densities (35,714; 71,428; 107,142; 142,856 and 17,8570 plants ha-1) with four replications. Each plot consisted of dimensions of 5.0 m x 4.0 m, with six rows of 5.0 m in length, with a total area of 20.0 m2. The spacing used between rows was 0.70 m, while intra-row spacing was 0.40m. The characteristics evaluated were: pod length, expressed in cm (PL), number of grains, expressed in pod-1 units (NG), Pod weight, expressed in grams (PW), number of grains, expressed in pod-1 units (NG), Weight of 100 grains, expressed in grams (P100G) and grain production, expressed in kg ha-1 (PG) of cowpea, Creole cultivar (Sempre verde).Planting densities contributed greatly to cowpea productivity, with productivity of 184.82 kg ha-1, at a density of 142,856 plants ha-1. The cowpea cultivar (Semper Verde) is agronomically viable for planting in the semi-arid region.
{"title":"Effect of Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in the Semi Arid Region of Brazil","authors":"Maria Eduarda Pereira dos Santos, Paulo César Ferreira Linhares, Thiffany Louhanne Alves Dantas, Lunara De Sousa Alves, R. P. Sousa, U. L. D. Silva, Walter Martins Rodrigues, Joaquim Odilon Pereira, Pedro Ramualyson Fernandes Sampaio, Diego Zidane Fernandes da Costa, Débora Viviane Alves, Joyce Fernandes de Medeiros, Irene Leticia de Lima Cipriano Carlos","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2274","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea cultivation is of great importance for farmers who work in this agricultural activity, in this sense, we evaluated the agronomic characteristics of cowpea {Vigna unguiculata (L.)} Creole cultivar (Semper verde), in the semi-arid region of Brazil. \u0000The experiment was carried out from November 2021 to February 2022 at the Rafael Fernandes experimental farm, in the district of Alagoinha (5º03'37 \"S, 37º23'50\" W), northwest of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, with an area of 400 hectares. \u0000A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments, which will consist of planting densities (35,714; 71,428; 107,142; 142,856 and 17,8570 plants ha-1) with four replications. Each plot consisted of dimensions of 5.0 m x 4.0 m, with six rows of 5.0 m in length, with a total area of 20.0 m2. The spacing used between rows was 0.70 m, while intra-row spacing was 0.40m. \u0000The characteristics evaluated were: pod length, expressed in cm (PL), number of grains, expressed in pod-1 units (NG), Pod weight, expressed in grams (PW), number of grains, expressed in pod-1 units (NG), Weight of 100 grains, expressed in grams (P100G) and grain production, expressed in kg ha-1 (PG) of cowpea, Creole cultivar (Sempre verde).Planting densities contributed greatly to cowpea productivity, with productivity of 184.82 kg ha-1, at a density of 142,856 plants ha-1. \u0000The cowpea cultivar (Semper Verde) is agronomically viable for planting in the semi-arid region.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2273
Nice Afroz, S. A. Zomo, Jesmin Zaman, Md. Obayedul Hoque Reza, Md. Omar Kayess
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period to study the effect of nitrogen on the yield of Boro rice cv. BRRI dhan47. The experiment consisted of four levels of nitrogen viz. 0, 80, 100, and 120 kg N ha-1 as treatment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The level of nitrogen significantly influenced all the parameters except the weight of 1000-grain. The tallest plant (99.18 cm), highest number of total tillers hill1 (13.23), maximum number of non-effective tillers hill-1 (4.18), uppermost panicle length (24.60 cm), highest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (18.50), top number of total spikelets panicle-1 (153.82) and highest straw yield (6.84 t ha-1) were obtained from 120 kg N ha-1. The greater number of effective tillers hill-1 (10.32), uppermost number of grains panicle-1 (135.32), maximum grain yield (5.36 t ha-1), top biological yield (12.01 t ha-1), and the highest harvest index (44.59%) were recorded from 100 kg N ha-1. The dwarf plant (84.47 cm), lowest number of total tillers hill-1 (7.40), minimum number of effective tillers hill-1 (5.83), bottommost non-effective tillers hill-1 (1.57), shortest panicle length (21.09), lowest number of grains panicle-1 (84.90), minimum number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (11.90), fewer total spikelets panicle-1 (100.88), the minimum grain yield (3.20 t ha-1), the least straw yield (4.67 t ha-1), lowest biological yield (7.87 t ha-1) and the lowest harvest index (40.71%) were obtained from the control treatment (0 kg N ha-1). Based on the findings of the study, it can be suggested that the use of 100 kg N ha-1 would be a promising practice to maximize the growth and grain yield of BRRI dhan47.
在此期间，孟加拉国农业大学农艺田间实验室在迈门辛进行了一项实验，研究氮对 Boro 水稻品种 BRRI dhan47 产量的影响。BRRI dhan47。试验包括四个氮素水平，即 0、80、100 和 120 千克/公顷。试验采用随机完全区组设计，三次重复。除千粒重外，氮肥水平对所有参数都有明显影响。120 kg N ha-1 的处理获得了最高植株（99.18 cm）、最高总茎蘖数1（13.23）、最大非有效茎蘖数1（4.18）、最上部圆锥花序长度（24.60 cm）、最高不育穗数1（18.50）、最高总穗数1（153.82）和最高秸秆产量（6.84 t ha-1）。100 千克氮（公顷-1）的有效分蘖丘数（10.32）、穗粒数（135.32）、谷物产量（5.36 吨-公顷-1）、生物产量（12.01 吨-公顷-1）和收获指数（44.59%）最高。植株矮小（84.47 厘米）、总茎蘖数最少（7.40）、有效茎蘖数最少（5.83）、非有效茎蘖数最少（1.57）、圆锥花序长度最短（21.09）、圆锥花序穗粒数最少（84.90）、圆锥花序不育穗数最少（11.对照处理（0 kg N ha-1）的谷粒产量最低（3.20 t ha-1），秸秆产量最少（4.67 t ha-1），生物产量最低（7.87 t ha-1），收获指数最低（40.71%）。根据研究结果，可以认为，使用 100 千克氮（公顷-1）是使 BRRI dhan47 的生长和谷物产量最大化的一种有前途的做法。
{"title":"Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilizer Dose for the Growth and Development of BRRI Dhan47","authors":"Nice Afroz, S. A. Zomo, Jesmin Zaman, Md. Obayedul Hoque Reza, Md. Omar Kayess","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2273","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period to study the effect of nitrogen on the yield of Boro rice cv. BRRI dhan47. The experiment consisted of four levels of nitrogen viz. 0, 80, 100, and 120 kg N ha-1 as treatment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The level of nitrogen significantly influenced all the parameters except the weight of 1000-grain. The tallest plant (99.18 cm), highest number of total tillers hill1 (13.23), maximum number of non-effective tillers hill-1 (4.18), uppermost panicle length (24.60 cm), highest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (18.50), top number of total spikelets panicle-1 (153.82) and highest straw yield (6.84 t ha-1) were obtained from 120 kg N ha-1. The greater number of effective tillers hill-1 (10.32), uppermost number of grains panicle-1 (135.32), maximum grain yield (5.36 t ha-1), top biological yield (12.01 t ha-1), and the highest harvest index (44.59%) were recorded from 100 kg N ha-1. The dwarf plant (84.47 cm), lowest number of total tillers hill-1 (7.40), minimum number of effective tillers hill-1 (5.83), bottommost non-effective tillers hill-1 (1.57), shortest panicle length (21.09), lowest number of grains panicle-1 (84.90), minimum number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (11.90), fewer total spikelets panicle-1 (100.88), the minimum grain yield (3.20 t ha-1), the least straw yield (4.67 t ha-1), lowest biological yield (7.87 t ha-1) and the lowest harvest index (40.71%) were obtained from the control treatment (0 kg N ha-1). Based on the findings of the study, it can be suggested that the use of 100 kg N ha-1 would be a promising practice to maximize the growth and grain yield of BRRI dhan47.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"26 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during boro season to assess the comparative performance of prilled urea (PU) and urea super granule (USG) on the growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake of BRRI dhan29. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment combinations were T1: Control, T2: PU at 7 days after transplanting (DAT)+27 DAT+47 DAT, T3: PU at 10 DAT+30 DAT+50 DAT, T4: PU at 15 DAT+35 DAT+55 DAT, T5: USG at transplanting, T6: USG at 7 DAT, T7: USG at 10 DAT and T8: USG at 10 DAT+30 DAT where PU and USG were applied @ 216 kg N ha-1. PU was applied as surface broadcasting whereas USG was placed at 6-8 cm depth by hand between four hills at every alternate row. The results revealed that all the treatments showed better performances than control (T1). Results found that yield components, yield, and nitrogen uptake of BRRI dhan29 responded significantly to deep placement of USG than PU. Treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) produced the highest grain and straw yields of 6.56 t ha-1 and 6.95 t ha-1 respectively. Treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) also showed the highest grain yield increase (57.16%) and straw yield increase (52.37%) over control. The highest grain, straw, and total N uptake of 87.28, 32.71 and 120 kg ha-1 respectively were obtained in the treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT). The overall results clearly indicate that deep placement of USG at 7 DAT in rice field increases rice yield and efficient uptake of the applied N. So, treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) could be recommended as best treatment for reducing N losses, conserving environment and improving sustainable production of rice.
在孟加拉农业大学（位于迈门辛）的土壤科学田间实验室进行了一项田间试验，以评估粒状尿素（PU）和超微颗粒尿素（USG）对 BRRI dhan29 的生长、产量和氮吸收的影响。试验采用随机完全区组设计，三次重复。处理组合为 T1：对照；T2：移栽后 7 天（DAT）+27 天（DAT）+47 天（DAT）施用 PU；T3：移栽后 10 天（DAT）+30 天（DAT）施用 PU：T3：在 10 DAT+30 DAT+50 DAT 加 PU，T4：在 15 DAT+35 DAT 加 PU：T5：移栽时施用 USG，T6：7 DAT 时施用 USG，T7：10 DAT 时施用 USG，T8：10 DAT+30 DAT 时施用 USG，其中 PU 和 USG 的施用量为 216 kg N ha-1。聚氨酯以表面撒施的方式施用，而 USG 则以人工方式在每隔一行的四座小山之间施用，深度为 6-8 厘米。结果表明，所有处理的表现都优于对照（T1）。结果发现，BRRI dhan29 的产量成分、产量和氮吸收率对 USG 的深施反应明显优于 PU。处理 T6（7 DAT 时使用 USG）的谷物和秸秆产量最高，分别为 6.56 吨/公顷和 6.95 吨/公顷。与对照相比，处理 T6（7 DAT 时使用 USG）的谷物产量增幅（57.16%）和秸秆产量增幅（52.37%）也最高。处理 T6（7 DAT 时使用 USG）的谷物、秸秆和总氮吸收量最高，分别为 87.28、32.71 和 120 kg ha-1。总体结果清楚地表明，在水稻田中于 7 DAT 深施 USG 可提高水稻产量和对所施氮的有效吸收，因此，处理 T6（7 DAT 施 USG）可被推荐为减少氮损失、保护环境和提高水稻可持续生产的最佳处理。
{"title":"Enhancing Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Boro Rice with Urea Super Granules","authors":"Md. Mazedul Huq, Israt Jahan, Md Anamul Hoque, Md. Rafiqul Islam","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i2272","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during boro season to assess the comparative performance of prilled urea (PU) and urea super granule (USG) on the growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake of BRRI dhan29. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment combinations were T1: Control, T2: PU at 7 days after transplanting (DAT)+27 DAT+47 DAT, T3: PU at 10 DAT+30 DAT+50 DAT, T4: PU at 15 DAT+35 DAT+55 DAT, T5: USG at transplanting, T6: USG at 7 DAT, T7: USG at 10 DAT and T8: USG at 10 DAT+30 DAT where PU and USG were applied @ 216 kg N ha-1. PU was applied as surface broadcasting whereas USG was placed at 6-8 cm depth by hand between four hills at every alternate row. The results revealed that all the treatments showed better performances than control (T1). Results found that yield components, yield, and nitrogen uptake of BRRI dhan29 responded significantly to deep placement of USG than PU. Treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) produced the highest grain and straw yields of 6.56 t ha-1 and 6.95 t ha-1 respectively. Treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) also showed the highest grain yield increase (57.16%) and straw yield increase (52.37%) over control. The highest grain, straw, and total N uptake of 87.28, 32.71 and 120 kg ha-1 respectively were obtained in the treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT). The overall results clearly indicate that deep placement of USG at 7 DAT in rice field increases rice yield and efficient uptake of the applied N. So, treatment T6 (USG at 7 DAT) could be recommended as best treatment for reducing N losses, conserving environment and improving sustainable production of rice.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"341 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141385852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1258
M. Aluko
Aims: The continuous increase in human population warrants more food production. Amaranthus spp. is one of the most consumed leafy vegetables globally. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekit Nigeria to assess the effects of fertilizers and bio-stimulants on the growth and performance of Amaranthus dubius. Methodology: The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The Amaranthus dubius seeds were sown under open field conditions and the treatments included aqueous moringa leaf extract (AMLE), NPK 15:15:15, poultry manure, grand humus, and super gro which were applied at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after sowing WAS. Data were collected 7 days after each application on on leaf area (cm3), plant height (cm), stem girth (cm), and total fresh biomass (g). The collected data were analysed using IRRI STAR 2.0. Results: The result revealed that all the treatments were significantly different (P>0.05) for all the parameters studied. AMLE recorded the highest value for all the parameters studied while control had the lowest values. For the total fresh biomass, AMLE recorded the highest mean value (1981.33) followed by NPK 15:15:15 (1535.00) and poultry manure (140.67) respectively while control had the least mean value (640.33). Conclusion: Amaranthus dubius was a short live plant response to AMLE and NPK 15:15:15 than the other treatment applied. It is therefore recommended that AMLE should be applied to boost the performance of Amaranthus dubius.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effects of Fertilizers and Bio-stimulants on Field Performance of Amaranthus dubius","authors":"M. Aluko","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1258","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The continuous increase in human population warrants more food production. Amaranthus spp. is one of the most consumed leafy vegetables globally. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekit Nigeria to assess the effects of fertilizers and bio-stimulants on the growth and performance of Amaranthus dubius.\u0000Methodology: The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The Amaranthus dubius seeds were sown under open field conditions and the treatments included aqueous moringa leaf extract (AMLE), NPK 15:15:15, poultry manure, grand humus, and super gro which were applied at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after sowing WAS. Data were collected 7 days after each application on on leaf area (cm3), plant height (cm), stem girth (cm), and total fresh biomass (g). The collected data were analysed using IRRI STAR 2.0.\u0000Results: The result revealed that all the treatments were significantly different (P>0.05) for all the parameters studied. AMLE recorded the highest value for all the parameters studied while control had the lowest values. For the total fresh biomass, AMLE recorded the highest mean value (1981.33) followed by NPK 15:15:15 (1535.00) and poultry manure (140.67) respectively while control had the least mean value (640.33).\u0000Conclusion: Amaranthus dubius was a short live plant response to AMLE and NPK 15:15:15 than the other treatment applied. It is therefore recommended that AMLE should be applied to boost the performance of Amaranthus dubius.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"89 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1246
Manish Kumar, Gyan Prakash, Shiv Kumar Rana
In the present paper, the time series analysis of wheat production in some selected states of India has been carried out by fitting well-known statistical models, viz. linear, exponential and cubic models. The selection of wheat growing states has been made on the basis of criteria of higher production and consistent growth pattern. The secondary time series data on wheat production have been utilized for the analysis. The trend values have been computed on fitting the concerned models, and the validity of the models has been tested on using the chi-square test statistic. Moreover, the coefficient of determination ( ), root mean square error (RMSE), and relative mean absolute percentage error (RMAPE) have been computed to reveal the suitability of the concerned models for exploring the trend patterns of wheat production in the concerned states of India. The findings of the investigation reveal that the above mentioned models are appropriate for forecasting of future trend of wheat production in the concerned states.
{"title":"Statistical Modeling for Analysis of Growth and Trend Pattern of Wheat Production in Selected States of India","authors":"Manish Kumar, Gyan Prakash, Shiv Kumar Rana","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1246","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, the time series analysis of wheat production in some selected states of India has been carried out by fitting well-known statistical models, viz. linear, exponential and cubic models. The selection of wheat growing states has been made on the basis of criteria of higher production and consistent growth pattern. The secondary time series data on wheat production have been utilized for the analysis. The trend values have been computed on fitting the concerned models, and the validity of the models has been tested on using the chi-square test statistic. Moreover, the coefficient of determination ( ), root mean square error (RMSE), and relative mean absolute percentage error (RMAPE) have been computed to reveal the suitability of the concerned models for exploring the trend patterns of wheat production in the concerned states of India. The findings of the investigation reveal that the above mentioned models are appropriate for forecasting of future trend of wheat production in the concerned states.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":" 493","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1245
T. Surekha, P. Anusha
Pisum Sativum is one of the commonest crops grown in India. Therefore, increasing the yield of green pea plants without harming the soil with chemicals are important. In places wherever there is deficiency of phosphorus in soil resulted in decreased production of green pea plants. The parameters were analysed by using statistical tool ANOVA test. The Conclusion derived from the study was Phosphorus 200C has significantly influenced in the growth and yield of Pisum Sativum plant in regards to Height of the plant, Number of Pods per Plant, Length of the Pod, and Number of Seeds per Pod.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Phosphorus 30C and 200C Potencies on the Growth and Yield of Pisum Sativum (Green Pea)","authors":"T. Surekha, P. Anusha","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1245","url":null,"abstract":"Pisum Sativum is one of the commonest crops grown in India. Therefore, increasing the yield of green pea plants without harming the soil with chemicals are important. In places wherever there is deficiency of phosphorus in soil resulted in decreased production of green pea plants. The parameters were analysed by using statistical tool ANOVA test. The Conclusion derived from the study was Phosphorus 200C has significantly influenced in the growth and yield of Pisum Sativum plant in regards to Height of the plant, Number of Pods per Plant, Length of the Pod, and Number of Seeds per Pod.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1244
Emmanuel Momolu Pope, W. Opile, L. Ngode, Emmy Chepkoech
Water stress is one of the most important crop growth limiting factors which leads to low crop productivity and yield instability. Water stress affects crop growth and development, especially during the germination and seedling period. The experiment was conducted in the growth chamber at the seed physiology laboratory of the Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, University of Eldoret to evaluate sixteen upland rice varieties to water stress tolerance at germination and early seedling growth stage. These varieties were tested against four levels of water stress imposed by Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG - 6000) at 0%, 5%,10% and 15% concentration. The lay out of the experiment was complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Osmotic stress induced by PEG levels significantly (P<.001) reduced plant growth parameters. The result showed that the germination percentage, germination index, Relative seedling height (%), seedling dry weight, Seedling fresh weight, Seedling length, seedling vigor index and mean germination time of all tested rice varieties were found decreasing trends with increasing the levels of PEG from 0 to 15% concentration levels. Among all the sixteen varieties, NERICA rice varieties followed by MWUR, White rice, Kpatawee, and Komboka had an outstanding performed in terms of germination percentage, germination index, seedling height, seedling dry weight, root length and relative dry weight under water induced stress by using PEG concentration levels compared to other varieties. Therefore, these varieties could be useful in breeding programs and can be cultivated in arid and semi-arid environment or where water shortage is a regular constraint.
{"title":"Evaluation of Upland Rice Response to Water Stress Using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG -6000) at Germination and Early Seedling Stage","authors":"Emmanuel Momolu Pope, W. Opile, L. Ngode, Emmy Chepkoech","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1244","url":null,"abstract":"Water stress is one of the most important crop growth limiting factors which leads to low crop productivity and yield instability. Water stress affects crop growth and development, especially during the germination and seedling period. The experiment was conducted in the growth chamber at the seed physiology laboratory of the Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, University of Eldoret to evaluate sixteen upland rice varieties to water stress tolerance at germination and early seedling growth stage. These varieties were tested against four levels of water stress imposed by Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG - 6000) at 0%, 5%,10% and 15% concentration. The lay out of the experiment was complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Osmotic stress induced by PEG levels significantly (P<.001) reduced plant growth parameters. The result showed that the germination percentage, germination index, Relative seedling height (%), seedling dry weight, Seedling fresh weight, Seedling length, seedling vigor index and mean germination time of all tested rice varieties were found decreasing trends with increasing the levels of PEG from 0 to 15% concentration levels. Among all the sixteen varieties, NERICA rice varieties followed by MWUR, White rice, Kpatawee, and Komboka had an outstanding performed in terms of germination percentage, germination index, seedling height, seedling dry weight, root length and relative dry weight under water induced stress by using PEG concentration levels compared to other varieties. Therefore, these varieties could be useful in breeding programs and can be cultivated in arid and semi-arid environment or where water shortage is a regular constraint.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"25 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-13DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1243
Victoria Chioma Ayozie- Samuel
Biochar is considered as universal conditioner to improve soil quality, but its effect on different soil types and rates on soil properties,bacterial community and plant growth are still unclear,particularly in the typical acid soil in southeastern Nigeria. This study was done to know the changes in soil chemical composition which could be caused by dissolution and release of nutrients from biochar in an incubation experiment. The study was conducted during rainy season in 2022 in Sobioma Agro Farms LTD using loamy sand with acidic pH (5.7). The soil were collected from the same farm. Soil was filled in separate plastic bucket with lid (2kg capacity) and treatments imposed as per the treatment details; T1: Corn Cob charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1 T2: Rice husk charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha -1 and T3: Poultry manure charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1. The treatments were replicated thrice, then repeated for different days of incubation (15,30 and 45days respectively). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). In this study, the biochar carbon content and Total N ranges from 95.9 to 181.4 gkg" 1 and 5.2 to 8.9 gkg' 1 respectively with the highest values on rice husk biochar (Table 3). Poultry manure showed highest significant (P O.05) effect in Cu (1.61 mgkg- 1), Mn (5.26 mgkg- 1 ) and Fe (6.54 mgkg 1 ) compared to rice husk biochar and corn cob biochar (Table 4). The Cations Exchange Capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) increased after amendment of the acidic soil with PMB (5.51 cmolkg' 1 and 85.4% respectively). The results revealed that, application of different biochar increased the pH and other soil chemical properties evaluated with slight increase only in exchangeable k and Na and a decrease in exchange acidity (A l and H) of soil. During the incubation experiment changes were noticed, some nutrient element showed a continuous increase with incubation time (exchangeable Al and H in Corn cob and poultry manure biochar respectively) while some reached its maximum at the mid incubation time (CEC, BS, TN, Av.P and OM in poultry manure biochar). In some cases a decline was observed up to the mid incubation period after which an increase was observed (Exchangeable Ca and Mg in corn cob biorchar and Exchangeable k and Na in Rice husk buiochar). This work stresses the importance of biochar to soil quality improvement.
{"title":"Effect of Incubation of Biochars Amendment on the Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil","authors":"Victoria Chioma Ayozie- Samuel","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1243","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar is considered as universal conditioner to improve soil quality, but its effect on different soil types and rates on soil properties,bacterial community and plant growth are still unclear,particularly in the typical acid soil in southeastern Nigeria. This study was done to know the changes in soil chemical composition which could be caused by dissolution and release of nutrients from biochar in an incubation experiment. The study was conducted during rainy season in 2022 in Sobioma Agro Farms LTD using loamy sand with acidic pH (5.7). The soil were collected from the same farm. Soil was filled in separate plastic bucket with lid (2kg capacity) and treatments imposed as per the treatment details; T1: Corn Cob charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1 T2: Rice husk charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha -1 and T3: Poultry manure charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1. The treatments were replicated thrice, then repeated for different days of incubation (15,30 and 45days respectively). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). In this study, the biochar carbon content and Total N ranges from 95.9 to 181.4 gkg\" 1 and 5.2 to 8.9 gkg' 1 respectively with the highest values on rice husk biochar (Table 3). Poultry manure showed highest significant (P O.05) effect in Cu (1.61 mgkg- 1), Mn (5.26 mgkg- 1 ) and Fe (6.54 mgkg 1 ) compared to rice husk biochar and corn cob biochar (Table 4). The Cations Exchange Capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) increased after amendment of the acidic soil with PMB (5.51 cmolkg' 1 and 85.4% respectively). \u0000The results revealed that, application of different biochar increased the pH and other soil chemical properties evaluated with slight increase only in exchangeable k and Na and a decrease in exchange acidity (A l and H) of soil. During the incubation experiment changes were noticed, some nutrient element showed a continuous increase with incubation time (exchangeable Al and H in Corn cob and poultry manure biochar respectively) while some reached its maximum at the mid incubation time (CEC, BS, TN, Av.P and OM in poultry manure biochar). In some cases a decline was observed up to the mid incubation period after which an increase was observed (Exchangeable Ca and Mg in corn cob biorchar and Exchangeable k and Na in Rice husk buiochar). This work stresses the importance of biochar to soil quality improvement.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1242
Abd El-Naby, S. S. M., A. El-Ghandor
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Rice Department, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt throughout 2020 and 2021 summer seasons to identify an efficient chemical control program against Ipomea sp. as perennial Convolvulaceae weed in drill seeded-rice. The experimental design was split-plot with three replications. Three times of herbicidal application at 20, 30 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) were allocated randomly in main plots, while in sub-plots, six weed control treatments were randomly distributed included three single herbicides application (bentazone at rate of 1.714 kg ai ha-1, fluroxypyr at rate of 0.0952 kg ai ha-1 and bensulfuron-methyl at rate of 0.0714 kg ai ha-1) in addition to two herbicide mixtures were bentazone + fluroxypyr (1.344 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1) and bensulfuron + fluroxypyr (0.0714 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1) as compared to un-treated (weedy check) plots. Chemical control at early stage (20 DAS) achieved the best Ipomea control and recorded the lowest values of tillers number m-2, fresh and dry weights during 2020 and 2021, consequently recorded the highest rice dry matter, panicles number m-2, panicle weight and grain yield during both seasons. The results also showed that herbicide mixtures exceeded single application of herbicide in controlling Ipomea as broad leaf weed, bentazon + fluroxypyr ranked first in weed control efficiency percentage and recorded the lowest weed density m-2, fresh and dry weights of Ipomea during the two seasons of study as well as achieved the best values in rice dry matter, panicles per square meter, panicle weight and grain yield during 2020 and 2021 seasons, while the mixture of bensulfuron + fluroxypyr ranked second in this respect. The combination of bentazone + fluroxypyr sprayed at 20 DAS recorded the best Ipomea chemical control efficiency (95.4 %) and recorded the best rice grain yield (9.322 t ha-1) as an average for Giza 178 cv under drill seeded-rice conditions.
2020 年和 2021 年夏季，在埃及 Kafrelsheikh 的 Sakha 农业研究站水稻部实验农场进行了两项田间试验，以确定针对多年生旋花科杂草 Ipomea sp.的高效化学防治方案。实验设计为分小区，三次重复。在主小区随机分配播种后 20、30 和 40 天（DAS）三次除草剂施用，在副小区随机分配六种除草处理，包括三种单一除草剂施用（苯达松，用量为 1.714 kg ai ha-1；氟吡氧乙酸，用量为 0.0952 kg ai ha-1 和苄嘧磺隆 0.0714 kg ai ha-1），此外还有两种除草剂混合物，分别是苯达松+氟吡草胺（1.344 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1）和苄嘧磺隆+氟吡草胺（0.0714 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1）。在 2020 年和 2021 年，早期（20 DAS）化学防治对 Ipomea 的控制效果最好，记录的分蘖数 m-2、鲜重和干重值最低，因此在这两季中记录的水稻干物质、圆锥花序数 m-2、圆锥花序重和谷物产量最高。结果还显示，除草剂混合物在控制阔叶杂草苕子方面超过了单一施用除草剂，苄嘧磺隆+氟吡草胺在除草效率百分比方面排名第一，在研究的两个季节中记录了最低的杂草密度 m-2、苕子鲜重和干重，并在 2020 年和 2021 年的水稻干物质、每平方米圆锥花序数、圆锥花序重和谷物产量方面取得了最佳值，而苄嘧磺隆+氟吡草胺混合物在这方面排名第二。在 20 DAS 期喷施苯噻隆+氟吡甲禾灵的组合，对 Giza 178 作物的苕子化学防治效率最高（95.4%），在耧种水稻条件下，平均稻谷产量最高（9.322 吨/公顷-1）。
{"title":"Chemical Control Against Aggressive Broad Leaves Weed Ipomea sp. in Drill Seeded-rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Abd El-Naby, S. S. M., A. El-Ghandor","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2024/v9i1242","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Rice Department, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt throughout 2020 and 2021 summer seasons to identify an efficient chemical control program against Ipomea sp. as perennial Convolvulaceae weed in drill seeded-rice. The experimental design was split-plot with three replications. Three times of herbicidal application at 20, 30 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) were allocated randomly in main plots, while in sub-plots, six weed control treatments were randomly distributed included three single herbicides application (bentazone at rate of 1.714 kg ai ha-1, fluroxypyr at rate of 0.0952 kg ai ha-1 and bensulfuron-methyl at rate of 0.0714 kg ai ha-1) in addition to two herbicide mixtures were bentazone + fluroxypyr (1.344 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1) and bensulfuron + fluroxypyr (0.0714 kg ai ha-1 + 0.0952 kg ai ha-1) as compared to un-treated (weedy check) plots. Chemical control at early stage (20 DAS) achieved the best Ipomea control and recorded the lowest values of tillers number m-2, fresh and dry weights during 2020 and 2021, consequently recorded the highest rice dry matter, panicles number m-2, panicle weight and grain yield during both seasons. The results also showed that herbicide mixtures exceeded single application of herbicide in controlling Ipomea as broad leaf weed, bentazon + fluroxypyr ranked first in weed control efficiency percentage and recorded the lowest weed density m-2, fresh and dry weights of Ipomea during the two seasons of study as well as achieved the best values in rice dry matter, panicles per square meter, panicle weight and grain yield during 2020 and 2021 seasons, while the mixture of bensulfuron + fluroxypyr ranked second in this respect. The combination of bentazone + fluroxypyr sprayed at 20 DAS recorded the best Ipomea chemical control efficiency (95.4 %) and recorded the best rice grain yield (9.322 t ha-1) as an average for Giza 178 cv under drill seeded-rice conditions.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"45 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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