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Espaço para a Saúde - Revista de Saúde Pública do Paraná最新文献

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O uso de metronidazol em feridas neoplásicas malignas de pacientes sob cuidados paliativos em uma instituição pública no Distrito Federal, Brasil 甲硝唑在巴西联邦区一家公立机构接受姑息治疗的恶性肿瘤患者伤口中的应用
Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e1009
Laís Manuela Borges Ribeiro, Diel Gomes da Silva Junior, Alliny do Nascimento Martins, Emília Vitória da Silva, Debora Cristyna Ferreira Reis
Palliative care (PC) is essential for oncology patients, especially those with malignant neoplastic wounds (MNW) that produce unpleasant odor, causing impacts such as vomiting and social isolation. Metronidazole is often used off-label to treat this symptom. This descriptive, cross-sectional study investigated the profile of patients who received metronidazole for odor control in MNW and evaluated the benefits of this treatment. Conducted from January 2018 to December 2022 at a CP reference hospital in the Federal District, with patients admitted to the oncology ward for palliative care, retrospective chart analysis revealed that 87.04% of patients benefited from the medication. Head and neck cancer was the predominant diagnosis among the 30 patients included, 17 of whorm were men (56.67%). The study demonstrates consistent improvements in odor control in MNW with the use of metronidazole, reinforcing its efficacy in this specific clinical context.
姑息治疗(PC)对肿瘤患者至关重要,尤其是那些患有恶性肿瘤伤口(MNW)的患者,这些伤口会产生难闻的气味,造成呕吐和社交孤立等影响。甲硝唑常被用于治疗这一症状。这项描述性横断面研究调查了接受甲硝唑治疗以控制MNW气味的患者情况,并评估了这种治疗方法的益处。该研究于2018年1月至2022年12月在联邦区一家CP参考医院进行,研究对象为肿瘤病房收治的姑息治疗患者,回顾性病历分析显示,87.04%的患者从药物治疗中获益。在纳入的 30 名患者中,头颈部癌症是主要诊断,其中 17 人为男性(56.67%)。该研究表明,使用甲硝唑后,多发性骨髓瘤患者的气味控制情况得到了持续改善,从而巩固了甲硝唑在这一特殊临床环境中的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Navegando pelas estradas do Ensino de Imunologia na Graduação e Pós-Graduação em Saúde no Brasil 在巴西本科生和研究生健康课程免疫学教学的道路上前行
Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e1019
Debora Mariana da Silva Marioto, E. D. Sotta, Rosiane Guetter Mello
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引用次数: 0
Conhecimento do profissional de enfermagem da atenção primária à saúde acerca do comportamento suicida 初级保健护理专业人员对自杀行为的了解
Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e994
Ernandes Gonçalves Dias, Samara Soares de Almeida, Milene Oliveira Rocha, Lyliane Martins Campos, Maiza Barbosa Caldeira
The objective was to investigate the knowledge and practices of nursing professionals in Primary Health Care in a city in the north of Minas Gerais, in coping with suicidal behavior. This is a descriptive, qualitative study, carried out with nine professionals. Data was collected between August and September 2023 from a semi-structured interview and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. The study revealed gaps in academic training in relation to suicidal behavior and the possibility of carrying out training. In professional practice, it was recognized that it was important to establish a bond with users, welcome them with empathy, support and work in a multidisciplinary team. That said, the need for training professionals is highlighted, as with the development of knowledge it may be possible to identify early signs of an increased risk of suicide and act in advance.
本研究旨在调查米纳斯吉拉斯州北部某市初级卫生保健机构的护理专业人员在应对自杀行为方面的知识和实践。这是一项描述性定性研究,有九名专业人员参与。数据是在 2023 年 8 月至 9 月期间通过半结构式访谈收集的,并使用主题分析法进行了分析。研究揭示了与自杀行为有关的学术培训方面的差距以及开展培训的可能性。在专业实践中,人们认识到与使用者建立联系、以同理心欢迎他们、提供支持以及在多学科团队中开展工作非常重要。尽管如此,培训专业人员的必要性也得到了强调,因为随着知识的发展,有可能识别自杀风险增加的早期迹象并提前采取行动。
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引用次数: 0
Competências para o atendimento multiprofissional da PCR em pediatria: percepções da equipe de enfermagem 儿科心脏骤停多专业护理能力:护理团队的看法
Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e999
Mayara Benevides Alonso Camilo, Fabiane Frigotto de Barros
Descriptive, quantitative exploratory study, carried out in a philanthropic pediatric hospital, with the objective of understanding the nursing professional competencies in the care of cardiorespiratory arrests in pediatrics, besides investigating. 30 professionals from the nursing team participated and data was collected using a closed questionnaire. The results, analyzed using descriptive statistics, showed that the majority of nursing professionals had knowledge about the care of the investigated emergency. In relation to their perceptions about the necessary technical skills, the majority of participants perceived themselves to be confident in resuscitation maneuvers and the administration of medications during care. However, when approaching the handling of the defibrillator and performing a venipuncture, most of the sample stated that they did not feel complete confidence for these activities. Study concluded that the majority of participants had theoretical-practical knowledge to perform the service.
在一家慈善儿科医院开展的描述性定量探索研究,旨在了解儿科心肺骤停护理中的护理专业能力,并进行调查。来自护理团队的 30 名专业人员参与了研究,研究采用封闭式问卷收集数据。使用描述性统计进行分析的结果显示,大多数护理专业人员对所调查的急诊护理有所了解。在对必要的技术技能的认识方面,大多数参与者认为自己对复苏操作和护理过程中的用药有信心。然而,在操作除颤器和进行静脉穿刺时,大多数样本表示他们对这些活动没有十足的信心。研究得出的结论是,大多数参与者都掌握了执行服务的理论和实践知识。
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引用次数: 0
Acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico entre profissionais de enfermagem no Paraná 巴拉那州护理专业人员接触生物材料的工伤事故
Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e997
Luiz Henrique Castilho da Silva, L. Rozin
The objective was to analyze the epidemiological profile of notifications of work accidents with exposure to biological material among nursing professionals in Parana, through the historical series determined for the years 2013 to 2022. Descriptive observational epidemiological study of the survey type, based on descriptive epidemiology, based on data from the System Information on Notifiable Diseases and the National Registry of Health Establishments. 48,405 cases were identified, with a prevalence of 98.54/1,000. More occurrences among female nursing technicians aged between 31 and 40 years old, from the Metropolitan Health Regional Facilities, in year 2019, stand out. Among nurses, the age range was between 18 and 30 years old, with discharge progressing without serological conversion and negative sources of disease. The high number of abandoned treatments and underreporting stands out. Investing in professional training, continuing education, quality protective equipment and implementing protocols for prophylactic treatment are essential to prevent the disease.
目的是通过确定 2013 年至 2022 年的历史序列,分析巴拉那州护理专业人员因接触生物材料而发生工伤事故的流行病学概况。该研究以描述性流行病学为基础,以 "应呈报疾病信息系统 "和 "国家卫生机构登记册 "中的数据为依据,开展了描述性观察流行病学调查研究。共发现 48 405 个病例,发病率为 98.54/1 000。2019 年,大都会卫生地区机构中 31 至 40 岁的女性护理技术人员发病率较高。在护士中,年龄介于 18 岁至 30 岁之间,出院进展无血清学转换,病源阴性。放弃治疗和漏报现象突出。投资于专业培训、继续教育、优质防护设备和实施预防性治疗方案对于预防该疾病至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Enfrentamento do burnout em preceptores e residentes de medicina: explorando estratégias 应对戒酒师和住院医生的职业倦怠:探索策略
Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e996
S. Grunewald
Burnout syndrome comprises symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of achievement,associated with stressful work environments. Medical residents and preceptors are at a high risk for the emergence of burnout. This study aimed to review institutional and individual strategies for addressing burnout in this population. It is an integrative review, with data collected from the PubMed database. Among organizational strategies, emphasis is placed on modifying work processes, organizing professional demands, improving communication, encouraging professional development, and establishing support services to prevent and manage burnout. From an individual perspective, healthy habits, spiritual pursuits, dedication to hobbies, meditation, and coping are highlighted. Burnout is an emerging mental health issue in residents and preceptors, necessitating the active involvement of institutions and professionals in the diagnosis and management of this condition.
职业倦怠综合征由情绪衰竭、人格解体和成就感减退等症状组成,与紧张的工作环境有关。医学住院医师和实习医生是出现职业倦怠的高危人群。本研究旨在回顾解决这一人群职业倦怠问题的机构和个人策略。这是一篇综合性综述,数据来自 PubMed 数据库。在机构策略中,重点强调了修改工作流程、组织专业需求、改善沟通、鼓励专业发展和建立支持服务,以预防和管理职业倦怠。从个人角度来看,则强调了健康的生活习惯、精神追求、业余爱好、冥想和应对方法。职业倦怠是住院医师和实习医生中新出现的心理健康问题,需要机构和专业人员积极参与诊断和管理。
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引用次数: 0
Marcos de competência para a formação de enfermeiros no Brasil: revisão de escopo 巴西护士培训能力框架:范围界定审查
Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e1000
Stefhanye Christiane Vitorino Camargo, Débora Maria Vargas Makuch, K. R. P. Ogradowski, Karyna Turra Osternack
Higher education in Nursing is constantly changing, stimulating the use of active methodologies that contribute to the development of competencies. The objective was to present an overview of the competency milestones for nurse training in Brazil. This is a Scoping Review, carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, Capes, Portal and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases, from 2012 to 2022. The descriptors “Based Education Skills”, “Profile of Nurses' Skills”; “Nurse Education” and “Competency” were used in English and Spanish, with the Boolean “AND”. The 11 selected studies showed a change in the paradigm of competency-based training, using the National Curriculum Guidelines, clarifying the concept of competency and the competency milestones. In the Brazilian reality, the theme is incipient, with initiatives inscribed in records of management skills, leadership, promotion and health education.
护理领域的高等教育在不断变化,激励着人们使用有助于培养能力的积极方法。本文旨在概述巴西护士培训的能力里程碑。这是一项范围审查,在虚拟健康图书馆 (VHL)、PubMed、Capes、门户网站和科学电子图书馆在线 (SciELO) 数据库中进行,时间跨度为 2012 年至 2022 年。在英文和西班牙文中使用了 "基于教育技能"、"护士技能概况"、"护士教育 "和 "能力 "等描述符,并使用了布尔 "AND"。所选的 11 项研究表明,以能力为基础的培训范式发生了变化,采用了国家课程指导方 针,明确了能力概念和能力里程碑。在巴西的现实中,这一主题刚刚起步,在管理技能、领导能力、宣传和健康教育记录中都有相关的举措。
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引用次数: 0
Fatores correlacionados a Síndrome de Burnout entre acadêmicos: Estudo Transversal 与学术界倦怠综合征相关的因素:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e995
Mell Gomes Resende, Carlos Antonio Bueno dos Santos, Daniela Filgueira Lima, Luana Rodrigues Barbosa, Giovana Resende de Souza, Gustavo Carrijo Barbosa
Despite being predominant in the workplace, Burnout Syndrome (BS) is becoming more and more frequent in the university environment. With the objective of verifying the prevalence of BS among students and correlating this variable with sociodemographic and health aspects, this cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 72 participants.The evaluation protocol consisted of a sociodemographic questionnaire, evaluation of Burnout Syndrome, depressive symptoms, general health, social aspects, and musculoskeletal symptoms. Spearman's correlation was used for statistical analysis. There was a predominance of BS among the sample (65.2%). Significant correlations were observed between social aspects and disbelief (p=0.016; r=-0.283), student efficacy (p=<0.001; r=-0.399) and depressive symptoms (p=<0.001; r=-0.547), as well as between general health and depressive symptoms (p=0.012; r=-0.295). Establishing this type of measure allows planning actions aimed at student assistance, prioritizing interventions and preventive practices that collaborate with health promotion in the university environment.
尽管职业倦怠综合症(BS)在工作场所很普遍,但在大学环境中却越来越常见。为了验证倦怠综合征在学生中的流行程度,并将这一变量与社会人口学和健康方面联系起来,本横断面研究对 72 名参与者进行了抽样调查。评估方案包括社会人口学问卷、倦怠综合征评估、抑郁症状、一般健康状况、社会方面和肌肉骨骼症状。统计分析采用斯皮尔曼相关性。在样本中,BS 占多数(65.2%)。社会方面与不信任感(p=0.016;r=-0.283)、学生效能感(p=<0.001;r=-0.399)和抑郁症状(p=<0.001;r=-0.547)之间,以及一般健康状况与抑郁症状(p=0.012;r=-0.295)之间均存在显著相关性。有了这种测量方法,就可以规划旨在帮助学生的行动,确定干预措施和预防措施的优先次序,从而在大学环境中促进健康。
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引用次数: 0
Competências gerais, específicas e dificuldades para a atuação dos farmacêuticos como preceptores: revisão integrativa 药剂师担任指导员的一般和特殊能力及困难:综合评述
Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e975
Alana Gomes de Souza, Fernanda Sardinha de Abreu Tacon, Lagerson Mauad Freitas
The present study aimed aimed at describing and analyzing the general and specific skills and difficulties for pharmacists to act as preceptors. To this end, a literature review was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus, for articles published on general and specific competencies of pharmaceutical preceptors. The initial search identified 355 articles and 14 using articles published met the inclusion criteria. The main general competencies were found to be: communication skills, knowledge, problem solving, development of critical thinking and professionalism; as specific: feedback, interpersonal relationships, activities based on student needs, planning, shared expectations and leadership; and the main difficulties were seen as: need for greater qualification of preceptors and lack of time to carry out preceptorship activities. Knowledge of these skills and difficulties can contribute to a better workforce in academic and experiential pharmacy education.
本研究旨在描述和分析药剂师担任戒律指导者的一般和特殊技能及困难。为此,我们在 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase 和 Scopus 等电子数据库中进行了文献综述,以查找已发表的有关药剂师戒律指导的一般和特殊能力的文章。初步搜索发现了 355 篇文章,其中 14 篇符合纳入标准。发现主要的一般能力包括:沟通技巧、知识、解决问题、发展批判性思维和专业精神;具体能力包括:反馈、人际关系、基于学生需求的活动、计划、共同期望和领导力;主要困难包括:需要提高戒酒师的资质和缺乏开展戒酒活动的时间。对这些技能和困难的了解有助于在学术和体验式药学教育中培养更好的人才。
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引用次数: 0
CONSUMO DE BEBIDA ALCOÓLICA POR ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA: UM PANORAMA GLOBAL 医学生饮酒情况:全球概览
Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.22421/1517-7130/es.2024v25.e983
Celio Natal dos Santos, Nicoli Aparecida Lourenço, Maria Cecília Da Lozzo Garbelini
The consumption of alcoholic drinks represents one of the main risk factors for the involvement in traffic accidents. The objective of this study was to analyze the general panorama of alcohol consumption by medical students and the implications for traffic accidents. SciELO, PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases were consulted, and ten full articles available between 2010 and 2022, in Portuguese and English, were included. The results obtained were that the consumption of alcoholic drinks by students ranged from 76.6% to 81.2%, and that alcohol drinking exposes drivers to involvement in 68% more traffic accidents than those who are not exposed to such factor. It was concluded that medical students, a young population, have a high rate of consumption of alcoholic beverages, and the reasons involved point to the level of pressure of the medical school, high workload, seniority in the program, academic parties, and living without the parents.
饮酒是导致交通事故的主要风险因素之一。本研究旨在分析医学生饮酒的总体情况及其对交通事故的影响。研究人员查阅了 SciELO、PubMed 和虚拟健康图书馆数据库,收录了 2010 年至 2022 年间发表的 10 篇葡萄牙语和英语的完整文章。研究结果表明,学生饮用酒精饮料的比例从76.6%到81.2%不等,与不饮酒的学生相比,饮酒导致的交通事故要多出68%。得出的结论是,医学生作为一个年轻群体,其酒精饮料的消费率很高,其原因在于医学院的压力水平、高负荷的工作量、课程的年限、学术聚会以及没有父母陪伴的生活。
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引用次数: 0
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Espaço para a Saúde - Revista de Saúde Pública do Paraná
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