F. Al-Khikani, Hassan Tahir Fareeq, Hassan Abbas Mohammed, Baraa Waleed Jassem, Baraa Wissam Abdul-Hussein, Aya Abdul-Kadhim Banay, Baneen Abd-Ali Jawad, Tabarak Hakeem Hamza, Balqees Malik Hilal
Escherichia coli with antimicrobial resistance has become a frequent global problem in recent decades, which makes it challenging to treat with conventional medicines. This study aimed to evaluate different strategies for managing microbial resistance. E. coli was isolated from wounds and the urinary tract infections and then cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and EMB media. The well diffusion method was used to evaluate the activity of vinegar (5%) alone and combined with three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%) of sodium bicarbonate (SBC). The diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Statistical analyses were performed using Excel and the SPSS 26 software. Of the 24 E. coli isolates, approximately 66.6% were sensitive to vinegar combined with 5% SBC compared to 75% sensitivity to vinegar alone. Furthermore, 41.66% of the bacteria were sensitive to vinegar combined with 10% SBC. This study showed that 33.33% of the bacteria were sensitive to vinegar combined with 20% SBC. Comparison of the mean of the inhibition zone for vinegar 13 ± 6.04 mm alone with 20% SBC plus vinegar 7.83 ± 5.56 mm was significant (P = 0.01). Vinegar combined with 10% SBC had an inhibitory effect (antagonism) on the antibacterial activity of vinegar (P = 0.02). The antibacterial efficacy of vinegar with SBC decreased with increasing SBC concentrations, demonstrating an antagonistic effect owing to sodium acetate formation.
{"title":"Synergistic and antagonistic effects of vinegar and sodium bicarbonate on antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli","authors":"F. Al-Khikani, Hassan Tahir Fareeq, Hassan Abbas Mohammed, Baraa Waleed Jassem, Baraa Wissam Abdul-Hussein, Aya Abdul-Kadhim Banay, Baneen Abd-Ali Jawad, Tabarak Hakeem Hamza, Balqees Malik Hilal","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_82_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_82_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Escherichia coli with antimicrobial resistance has become a frequent global problem in recent decades, which makes it challenging to treat with conventional medicines. This study aimed to evaluate different strategies for managing microbial resistance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 E. coli was isolated from wounds and the urinary tract infections and then cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and EMB media. The well diffusion method was used to evaluate the activity of vinegar (5%) alone and combined with three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%) of sodium bicarbonate (SBC). The diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Statistical analyses were performed using Excel and the SPSS 26 software.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Of the 24 E. coli isolates, approximately 66.6% were sensitive to vinegar combined with 5% SBC compared to 75% sensitivity to vinegar alone. Furthermore, 41.66% of the bacteria were sensitive to vinegar combined with 10% SBC. This study showed that 33.33% of the bacteria were sensitive to vinegar combined with 20% SBC. Comparison of the mean of the inhibition zone for vinegar 13 ± 6.04 mm alone with 20% SBC plus vinegar 7.83 ± 5.56 mm was significant (P = 0.01). Vinegar combined with 10% SBC had an inhibitory effect (antagonism) on the antibacterial activity of vinegar (P = 0.02).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The antibacterial efficacy of vinegar with SBC decreased with increasing SBC concentrations, demonstrating an antagonistic effect owing to sodium acetate formation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502560,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mamoun Mohamed Ahmed Ali, Rajesh Gupta, Mohamed Mustafa, Imad Hamad, Devdutt Nayak, Alhaitham Omar, Ahmed El-Barkouky
Echinococcosis, alternatively referred to as hydatid disease, is caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus. The primary agents of human infections are Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis. The present case report pertains to an individual who relocated from an endemic region to the United Arab Emirates and subsequently manifested symptoms of hydropneumothorax. The 44-year-old male patient presented with a 4-day fever and right-sided chest pain, accompanied by cough and breathlessness for 2 weeks. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed right hydropneumothorax and a ruptured hydatid cyst with consolidation. The patient was diagnosed with a ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst based on a strongly positive hydatid serology and the presence of hydatid tissue on histopathological examination. The patient underwent surgical decortication with cyst removal and received medical treatment with ceftriaxone and albendazole. He was discharged in good condition after a 10-day hospitalisation period. Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease that most often affects the liver and lungs. Although more than half of the patients do not show any symptoms, the main symptoms observed during presentation include dry cough, haemoptysis, and chest pain. Plain radiographs or chest CT scans are used for diagnosis. Surgery is considered the primary treatment for pulmonary hydatid cysts and medical treatment with benzimidazoles (albendazole and mebendazole) is recommended. Complicated pulmonary hydatid disease can manifest in various ways, including hydropneumothorax, as observed in the present case. Early diagnosis, surgical intervention combined with medical treatment, and multidisciplinary teamwork can significantly improve patient outcomes.
{"title":"Hydropneumothorax as a rare manifestation of primary pulmonary hydatid disease","authors":"Mamoun Mohamed Ahmed Ali, Rajesh Gupta, Mohamed Mustafa, Imad Hamad, Devdutt Nayak, Alhaitham Omar, Ahmed El-Barkouky","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_85_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_85_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Echinococcosis, alternatively referred to as hydatid disease, is caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus. The primary agents of human infections are Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis. The present case report pertains to an individual who relocated from an endemic region to the United Arab Emirates and subsequently manifested symptoms of hydropneumothorax. The 44-year-old male patient presented with a 4-day fever and right-sided chest pain, accompanied by cough and breathlessness for 2 weeks. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed right hydropneumothorax and a ruptured hydatid cyst with consolidation. The patient was diagnosed with a ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst based on a strongly positive hydatid serology and the presence of hydatid tissue on histopathological examination. The patient underwent surgical decortication with cyst removal and received medical treatment with ceftriaxone and albendazole. He was discharged in good condition after a 10-day hospitalisation period. Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease that most often affects the liver and lungs. Although more than half of the patients do not show any symptoms, the main symptoms observed during presentation include dry cough, haemoptysis, and chest pain. Plain radiographs or chest CT scans are used for diagnosis. Surgery is considered the primary treatment for pulmonary hydatid cysts and medical treatment with benzimidazoles (albendazole and mebendazole) is recommended. Complicated pulmonary hydatid disease can manifest in various ways, including hydropneumothorax, as observed in the present case. Early diagnosis, surgical intervention combined with medical treatment, and multidisciplinary teamwork can significantly improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":502560,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":"84 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2(SARS-CoV-2) that affects the respiratory system and causes varying symptoms including fever and cough. Throughout the current COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have confirmed that raw wastewater may contain the SARS-CoV-2 genome as the virus is shed from excreta of infected individuals. This review examined the literature from 2020 to 2023 on occupational health, safety, wastewater, and SARS-CoV-2, excluding clinical aspects. Relevant publications from previous epidemics (SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) were also considered. Quantitative microbial risk assessments have been used previously and in the current pandemic to assess the risk of inhaling aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 generated during the wastewater treatment processes. Meanwhile, water-based epidemiology (WBE) has been effective in identifying and tracking high incidence hotspots as well as mitigating the spread of the disease. Inefficient processes in wastewater treatment plants may be a source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to workers employed at such plants as well as to personnel handling treated wastewater for reuse purposes such as irrigation and recreation, more so in the gulf countries owing to the extreme limitation of freshwater in this region; thus, exploring the implications of SARS-CoV-2 genome in wastewater to safeguard occupational and public health is crucial. WBE can assist in the pandemic prevention and control measures by investigating SARS-CoV-2 virus survival and transmission through the wastewater treatment and effective control measures. This review presents an overview of occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater aerosols and elucidates its implications, while recommending preventive and mitigation measures.
{"title":"Review of occupational exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in wastewater and its implications in the gulf region","authors":"Rami Elhadi, Anthony Okoh, Lucy Semerjian","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_38_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_38_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2(SARS-CoV-2) that affects the respiratory system and causes varying symptoms including fever and cough. Throughout the current COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have confirmed that raw wastewater may contain the SARS-CoV-2 genome as the virus is shed from excreta of infected individuals. This review examined the literature from 2020 to 2023 on occupational health, safety, wastewater, and SARS-CoV-2, excluding clinical aspects. Relevant publications from previous epidemics (SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) were also considered. Quantitative microbial risk assessments have been used previously and in the current pandemic to assess the risk of inhaling aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 generated during the wastewater treatment processes. Meanwhile, water-based epidemiology (WBE) has been effective in identifying and tracking high incidence hotspots as well as mitigating the spread of the disease. Inefficient processes in wastewater treatment plants may be a source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to workers employed at such plants as well as to personnel handling treated wastewater for reuse purposes such as irrigation and recreation, more so in the gulf countries owing to the extreme limitation of freshwater in this region; thus, exploring the implications of SARS-CoV-2 genome in wastewater to safeguard occupational and public health is crucial. WBE can assist in the pandemic prevention and control measures by investigating SARS-CoV-2 virus survival and transmission through the wastewater treatment and effective control measures. This review presents an overview of occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater aerosols and elucidates its implications, while recommending preventive and mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":502560,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":"10 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technology is rapidly advancing and becoming increasingly critical in the health profession education. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the humanization of its implementation to provide students with a personalized, meaningful, and supportive learning experience. Various strategies can be employed to achieve this goal, including humanizing learning institutions, leveraging the urbanization of higher education, revitalizing educational ecosystems, and preparing health-care learners for a changing world. In addition, it is essential to understand the needs of students, use technology as a complementary tool, foster a sense of community, provide training and support, and consider accessibility to ensure the equitable and effective implementation of these strategies. By collaboratively working to humanize technology in health profession education, we can provide students with the education they deserve to excel in their careers.
{"title":"Strategies for humanizing technology in health profession education","authors":"Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_90_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_90_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Technology is rapidly advancing and becoming increasingly critical in the health profession education. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the humanization of its implementation to provide students with a personalized, meaningful, and supportive learning experience. Various strategies can be employed to achieve this goal, including humanizing learning institutions, leveraging the urbanization of higher education, revitalizing educational ecosystems, and preparing health-care learners for a changing world. In addition, it is essential to understand the needs of students, use technology as a complementary tool, foster a sense of community, provide training and support, and consider accessibility to ensure the equitable and effective implementation of these strategies. By collaboratively working to humanize technology in health profession education, we can provide students with the education they deserve to excel in their careers.","PeriodicalId":502560,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Oghenemavwe, C. Orupabo, Shaka Ogheneochuko Praise
Skeletal remains are often subjected to unexpected and adverse conditions which can eventually distort evidence. Therefore, understanding the factors that alter skeletal remains is crucial. A total of human femur fragments obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of the University of Port Harcourt were used. Bone samples were divided into four groups. Group 1 is the control sample comprising bone fragments not exposed to heat, Group 2 had bones exposed to heat at 20°C, Group 3 had bones exposed to heat at 100°C, and Group 4 had bones exposed to heat at 200°C. Ground bone sections were prepared using Modified Frost’s manual method of bone preparation. Morphometric analysis of the micrographs was performed using the ImageJ software. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The mean values of the Haversian canal area and diameter demonstrated a nonsignificant increase in the bone samples exposed to heat compared to the samples not exposed to heat. The osteon count was slightly higher, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The results demonstrated that histomorphometric features of bones are not altered at the temperature of 200°C. This information is useful in forensic investigations.
{"title":"Heat-induced changes in the histomorphometry of human femur bone","authors":"L. Oghenemavwe, C. Orupabo, Shaka Ogheneochuko Praise","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_67_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_67_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Skeletal remains are often subjected to unexpected and adverse conditions which can eventually distort evidence. Therefore, understanding the factors that alter skeletal remains is crucial.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of human femur fragments obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of the University of Port Harcourt were used. Bone samples were divided into four groups. Group 1 is the control sample comprising bone fragments not exposed to heat, Group 2 had bones exposed to heat at 20°C, Group 3 had bones exposed to heat at 100°C, and Group 4 had bones exposed to heat at 200°C. Ground bone sections were prepared using Modified Frost’s manual method of bone preparation. Morphometric analysis of the micrographs was performed using the ImageJ software.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The mean values of the Haversian canal area and diameter demonstrated a nonsignificant increase in the bone samples exposed to heat compared to the samples not exposed to heat. The osteon count was slightly higher, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results demonstrated that histomorphometric features of bones are not altered at the temperature of 200°C. This information is useful in forensic investigations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502560,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：