Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.15
Basman Younis Hamid, Sabah Hussein Ali
The cultivation of wheat and barley crops is one of the most important crops cultivated in Iraq, which contributes to the economic and social development in the country. Iraq seeks to adopt economic policies aimed at cultivating the two crops and undermining their import with the aim of self-sufficiency in them. The current study relied on studying the spatial distribution of the two crops in Nimrud sub-district and the possibility of distinguishing between them by remote sensing data, where a landsat 8 images acquired on March 5, 2020 were used, then a digital processing was performed on them. The spectral signature of the two crops was measured, the NDVI was calculated, then the supervised classification was performed by (ILWIS) program. The results showed the appropriateness of choosing the satellite image in March, which is the season for planting these two crops, as they constitute the two main crops in this period before planting other summer agricultural crops, which helped in identifying and distinguishing the two crops. The results also showed that the wheat crop is predominantly cultivated in the region, with an area of (271,797) km2, while the area of land cultivated with barley was small, with an area of (7,303) km2.
{"title":"Integration Between Satellite Images and Spectral Analysis Using The ASD Device to Distinguish Wheat and Barley Plants","authors":"Basman Younis Hamid, Sabah Hussein Ali","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.15","url":null,"abstract":"The cultivation of wheat and barley crops is one of the most important crops cultivated in Iraq, which contributes to the economic and social development in the country. Iraq seeks to adopt economic policies aimed at cultivating the two crops and undermining their import with the aim of self-sufficiency in them. The current study relied on studying the spatial distribution of the two crops in Nimrud sub-district and the possibility of distinguishing between them by remote sensing data, where a landsat 8 images acquired on March 5, 2020 were used, then a digital processing was performed on them. The spectral signature of the two crops was measured, the NDVI was calculated, then the supervised classification was performed by (ILWIS) program. The results showed the appropriateness of choosing the satellite image in March, which is the season for planting these two crops, as they constitute the two main crops in this period before planting other summer agricultural crops, which helped in identifying and distinguishing the two crops. The results also showed that the wheat crop is predominantly cultivated in the region, with an area of (271,797) km2, while the area of land cultivated with barley was small, with an area of (7,303) km2.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.16
Noora Abdulateef Turki Alani, Moshtaq Ahmed Gharbi, Mohammed Musa Hammadi
The recurrent study was in including lots scientific details on land deterioration for Almehmedi valley basin. This basin is represented as distinguish sites because it possesses different morphology, geological properties, climate pattern, various land resources such as soils, vegetation and water resources. Conceptualization of this study was entirely prepared then results were different to discover the range of land degradation using field evolution on this basin, which its area was 1971.49 km2. Therefore basin lands were divided into six land unites via geomorphological terms. These terms were done using optical explanation on Land sat 8 satellite image. These unites are high plateaus, flat plateaus, unbath, valleys, alluvial fans, flood plain. Moreover field investigation was applied using GLASOD physical, biological, chemical and saline deterioration. Thus, their cause was explained and measured the deterioration amounts within land units using tables maps. The research study could clouded basin field spatial differences resulted in differing the valley basin from other lands. Furthermore, it resulted in spatial relations amongst human iturimm and natural in this area.
这项经常性研究旨在为阿尔梅赫梅迪河谷盆地的土地退化提供大量科学细节。由于该盆地拥有不同的形态、地质特征、气候模式、各种土地资源（如土壤、植被和水资源），因此被视为不同的地点。该流域面积为 1971.49 平方公里，在对该流域进行实地考察后，发现了不同的土地退化范围。因此，通过地貌术语将盆地土地划分为六个土地单元。这些术语是通过 Land sat 8 卫星图像的光学解释得出的。这些单元包括高原、平原、洼地、谷地、冲积扇、冲积平原。此外，还利用 GLASOD 对物理、生物、化学和盐碱劣化进行了实地调查。因此，利用表格地图解释了其原因并测量了土地单元内的退化量。研究结果表明，浑浊盆地的空间差异导致了河谷盆地与其他土地的不同。此外，研究还得出了该地区人类活动与自然之间的空间关系。
{"title":"Field Evaluation of Land Deterioration in Al - Mohammadi Basin Valley at Western Desert","authors":"Noora Abdulateef Turki Alani, Moshtaq Ahmed Gharbi, Mohammed Musa Hammadi","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.16","url":null,"abstract":"The recurrent study was in including lots scientific details on land deterioration for Almehmedi valley basin. This basin is represented as distinguish sites because it possesses different morphology, geological properties, climate pattern, various land resources such as soils, vegetation and water resources. Conceptualization of this study was entirely prepared then results were different to discover the range of land degradation using field evolution on this basin, which its area was 1971.49 km2. Therefore basin lands were divided into six land unites via geomorphological terms. These terms were done using optical explanation on Land sat 8 satellite image. These unites are high plateaus, flat plateaus, unbath, valleys, alluvial fans, flood plain. Moreover field investigation was applied using GLASOD physical, biological, chemical and saline deterioration. Thus, their cause was explained and measured the deterioration amounts within land units using tables maps. The research study could clouded basin field spatial differences resulted in differing the valley basin from other lands. Furthermore, it resulted in spatial relations amongst human iturimm and natural in this area.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.14
Zaid. F. Makki Makki, A. H. Al-hamami
The complexity of our way of life has increased due to the numerous parts of life developing quickly, which results in ongoing issues. To address these issues and respond to these rapid changes in the environment, solutions that were practical, quick, and easy to implement were needed. The use of geographic information tools, a contemporary innovation, allows for the implementation of difficult issues by enhancing users' abilities to comprehend problems thoroughly through the analysis of spatial data and the creation of digital maps. This allows decision-makers to save time, effort, and money by making informed choices that will result in the best possible solution to the issue at hand. In addition to a significant urban expansion, an increase in the number of people using vehicles, and a significant emigration of people from rural and small towns, the traffic jams that have recently engulfed much of the world, particularly in the major capitals and cities, are a result of these factors for transportation, have contributed to a complex problem in modern times. The goal of this study is to examine proposed elements and gauge their impact on the issue of traffic bottlenecks. It then suggests both long- and short-term remedies for this issue based on the study's findings, which are generally not found in the pertinent departments. In order to create a unique surface for these components and provide a comprehensive picture of the research region, it also makes satellite photos of the area available. geographical database for each of them, evaluate each layer's influence on the traffic jam independently by analyzing it, and then merge these levels to create full map that shows their location and the extent to which they affect the study problems. This process was done in order to arrive at the aforementioned solution.
{"title":"Analysis and Improvement of Geographic Information Systems for Problem Solving and Decision Making","authors":"Zaid. F. Makki Makki, A. H. Al-hamami","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.14","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of our way of life has increased due to the numerous parts of life developing quickly, which results in ongoing issues. To address these issues and respond to these rapid changes in the environment, solutions that were practical, quick, and easy to implement were needed. The use of geographic information tools, a contemporary innovation, allows for the implementation of difficult issues by enhancing users' abilities to comprehend problems thoroughly through the analysis of spatial data and the creation of digital maps. This allows decision-makers to save time, effort, and money by making informed choices that will result in the best possible solution to the issue at hand. In addition to a significant urban expansion, an increase in the number of people using vehicles, and a significant emigration of people from rural and small towns, the traffic jams that have recently engulfed much of the world, particularly in the major capitals and cities, are a result of these factors for transportation, have contributed to a complex problem in modern times. The goal of this study is to examine proposed elements and gauge their impact on the issue of traffic bottlenecks. It then suggests both long- and short-term remedies for this issue based on the study's findings, which are generally not found in the pertinent departments. In order to create a unique surface for these components and provide a comprehensive picture of the research region, it also makes satellite photos of the area available. geographical database for each of them, evaluate each layer's influence on the traffic jam independently by analyzing it, and then merge these levels to create full map that shows their location and the extent to which they affect the study problems. This process was done in order to arrive at the aforementioned solution.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.13
Ahmed. M. Saleh, Ramadan Khamakhm
The research aims to assess the role of human capital (knowledge, training, capacities) and its reflection on enhancing security crises management (damage containment, recovery and learning). The sample was chosen from the leaderships at the Ministry of Interior(MOI)/Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency .The sample size was (160) and the total research community reached (230), distributed between (General Director, Directorate Director, Department Director), and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was used, and the questionnaire was the main tool for data collection, and the conclusions were drawn from its analysis through the analytical method and statistical programs, as the dimensions of human capital have achieved paths of direct and moral impact in the security crises management .This requires paying attention to the human capital working in the agency’s formations. As well as many recommendations were presented the most important of them was the necessity of MOI /Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency focusing on the quality of human capital, for the purpose of maintaining a good relationship, especially in the security crises management.
{"title":"The Role of Human Capital in Security Crises Management An Exploratory Study in A number of the Iraq Ministry of Interior (MOI) Departments","authors":"Ahmed. M. Saleh, Ramadan Khamakhm","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.13","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to assess the role of human capital (knowledge, training, capacities) and its reflection on enhancing security crises management (damage containment, recovery and learning). The sample was chosen from the leaderships at the Ministry of Interior(MOI)/Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency .The sample size was (160) and the total research community reached (230), distributed between (General Director, Directorate Director, Department Director), and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was used, and the questionnaire was the main tool for data collection, and the conclusions were drawn from its analysis through the analytical method and statistical programs, as the dimensions of human capital have achieved paths of direct and moral impact in the security crises management .This requires paying attention to the human capital working in the agency’s formations. As well as many recommendations were presented the most important of them was the necessity of MOI /Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency focusing on the quality of human capital, for the purpose of maintaining a good relationship, especially in the security crises management.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"235 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.4
Nour Muhammad Salih, Abbas F. Nori, Hassan J. Alatta, Salman Z. Khalaf
The research delves into Iraq's escalating sand and dust storms, primarily linked to dwindling vegetation and desertification. Its focus lies in understanding, analyzing, and offering solutions for these environmental occurrences. Notably, it emphasizes the efficacy of programs increasing vegetation and controlling desertification in reducing storm frequency. Utilizing a comparative analysis drawn from diverse data sources, the paper scrutinizes the causes, impacts (ranging from environmental to economic and health effects), and proposes various strategies. These include implementing enhanced monitoring systems, effective land-use management, and promoting public awareness campaigns. Ultimately, the paper stands as a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners seeking to grapple with the challenges posed by these storms in Iraq. Its comprehensive insights serve to aid in decision-making and formulation of strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of sand and dust storms in the region.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis for Dust and Sand Storms In Iraq: A Survey","authors":"Nour Muhammad Salih, Abbas F. Nori, Hassan J. Alatta, Salman Z. Khalaf","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.4","url":null,"abstract":"The research delves into Iraq's escalating sand and dust storms, primarily linked to dwindling vegetation and desertification. Its focus lies in understanding, analyzing, and offering solutions for these environmental occurrences. Notably, it emphasizes the efficacy of programs increasing vegetation and controlling desertification in reducing storm frequency. Utilizing a comparative analysis drawn from diverse data sources, the paper scrutinizes the causes, impacts (ranging from environmental to economic and health effects), and proposes various strategies. These include implementing enhanced monitoring systems, effective land-use management, and promoting public awareness campaigns. Ultimately, the paper stands as a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners seeking to grapple with the challenges posed by these storms in Iraq. Its comprehensive insights serve to aid in decision-making and formulation of strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of sand and dust storms in the region.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":" March","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.5
Alaa Hussein Al-hamami, Zaki Saeed Tawfik
Disasters lead to many violent strikes in terms of material, human and humanitarian losses, and destruction of property and infrastructure of the state. The term "emergency management" refers to a diverse range of activities. The primary responsibility for disaster response rests with the government at all levels (Peiris P. S. H. 2020, Opadey. 2021). Disaster management is still limited in Iraq, as long as necessary are in place to warn of these disasters. Therefore, we will use in this prepare the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) to mitigate disasters effects and focus on sandstorm, landslides also study prediction and prepare the prediction and GIS earthquake of east of Iraq. The Risk management systems are useful and effective tools for disaster management in Iraq and by using database on expected disaster for future. The future is to forecast, reduce damage, and assess the severity of these disasters. This essay will list emergency management initiatives and explain how geographic information systems can be used (GIS) and Remote System (RS) technologies play a critically important role in mitigating disasters.
灾害导致许多暴力打击，造成物质、人员和人道主义损失，以及国家财产和基础设施的破坏。应急管理 "一词指的是一系列不同的活动。救灾的主要责任在于各级政府（Peiris P. S. H. 2020 年，Opadey.）在伊拉克，只要有必要的灾害预警措施，灾害管理仍然是有限的。因此，我们将利用遥感（RS）和地理信息系统（GIS）来减轻灾害影响，重点关注沙尘暴、山体滑坡和伊拉克东部地震的预测和地理信息系统。风险管理系统是伊拉克灾害管理的有用和有效工具，通过使用未来预期灾害数据库。未来将预测、减少损失并评估这些灾害的严重程度。本文将列举应急管理措施，并解释如何利用地理信息系统（GIS）和远程系统（RS）技术在减轻灾害方面发挥至关重要的作用。
{"title":"Risk and Emergency Management System to Mitigate Disasters","authors":"Alaa Hussein Al-hamami, Zaki Saeed Tawfik","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.5","url":null,"abstract":"Disasters lead to many violent strikes in terms of material, human and humanitarian losses, and destruction of property and infrastructure of the state. The term \"emergency management\" refers to a diverse range of activities. The primary responsibility for disaster response rests with the government at all levels (Peiris P. S. H. 2020, Opadey. 2021). Disaster management is still limited in Iraq, as long as necessary are in place to warn of these disasters. Therefore, we will use in this prepare the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) to mitigate disasters effects and focus on sandstorm, landslides also study prediction and prepare the prediction and GIS earthquake of east of Iraq. The Risk management systems are useful and effective tools for disaster management in Iraq and by using database on expected disaster for future. The future is to forecast, reduce damage, and assess the severity of these disasters. This essay will list emergency management initiatives and explain how geographic information systems can be used (GIS) and Remote System (RS) technologies play a critically important role in mitigating disasters.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbas. H. Al-Shukry, Zain E. Mansor, Nada. A. Abd Al -Hussein Al -Hussein
Iron and copper mixtures were quantitatively determined in aqueous solutions for the first time using the analytical method in this approach with the aid of T60U Spectrophotometer. The method is so simple, fast, economic, and can be carried out easily on a bench. The absorbencies for iron, copper and iron-copper mixtures in aqueous solution were measured using T60U adopted with UVWin6 software UV -VIS Spectrometer (pg instruments United Kingdom) by filling two 5 ml quartz cells of dimensions 1*1*5 cm, the first is filled with the blank solution which is a solution containing all the constituents of the sample except iron and copper and the other quartz cell is filled with the stock solution iron and/or copper under investigation. Absorbency of iron was determined by setting T60U spectrometer wavelength at 504 nm, meanwhile for copper absorbency measurements the apparatus is set at 304 nm. Iron, copper, and iron-copper mixture calibration curves were of very high accuracy with the least linear regression value of ≤ 1, i, e the measured data were of relative standard deviation value (RSD) of ≤ 1.5%.
{"title":"Simultaneous Determination of Iron and Copper in Aqueous Solution Using Spectrophotometry","authors":"Abbas. H. Al-Shukry, Zain E. Mansor, Nada. A. Abd Al -Hussein Al -Hussein","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Iron and copper mixtures were quantitatively determined in aqueous solutions for the first time using the analytical method in this approach with the aid of T60U Spectrophotometer. The method is so simple, fast, economic, and can be carried out easily on a bench. The absorbencies for iron, copper and iron-copper mixtures in aqueous solution were measured using T60U adopted with UVWin6 software UV -VIS Spectrometer (pg instruments United Kingdom) by filling two 5 ml quartz cells of dimensions 1*1*5 cm, the first is filled with the blank solution which is a solution containing all the constituents of the sample except iron and copper and the other quartz cell is filled with the stock solution iron and/or copper under investigation. Absorbency of iron was determined by setting T60U spectrometer wavelength at 504 nm, meanwhile for copper absorbency measurements the apparatus is set at 304 nm. Iron, copper, and iron-copper mixture calibration curves were of very high accuracy with the least linear regression value of ≤ 1, i, e the measured data were of relative standard deviation value (RSD) of ≤ 1.5%.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"112 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.36371/port.2023.special.1
Asmaa S. Qasim, F. K. M. Al-ramahi, Zaid F. Maki
The research aims to identify and analyze the concentration of drug users, pinpoint areas with high levels of criminal activities, understand the work environments of criminals, and determine their motivations. The study focused on the city of Baghdad, covering both the Karkh and Rusafa sides of the Tigris River, with a particular emphasis on the Rusafa side. Data from the ten months of 2022 was used to analyze drug dealers and users. The study utilized Global Positioning System (GPS) devices to geographically locate the samples, and the GIS V10.4 software was employed for data storage, processing, and analysis, along with various statistical analysis tools. The research identified hotspots of drug user prevalence based on statistical methods and theories, distinguishing the most influential hotspots and the least influential cold spots. Notable hotspots included Sadr City, Al-Shaab, Al-Kifah, Al-Fadl, New Baghdad, Municipalities, and Al-Obeidi, predominantly in the Rusafa side, encompassing slum areas and transgressions. An important aspect of the study was the creation of various spatial analysis maps, aiding decision-makers in implementing suitable measures for controlling and detecting drug users early.
{"title":"Application Of Spatial Analysis To Detect The Focal Density Of Drug Users In The Rusafa Side Of Baghdad City","authors":"Asmaa S. Qasim, F. K. M. Al-ramahi, Zaid F. Maki","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.special.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.special.1","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to identify and analyze the concentration of drug users, pinpoint areas with high levels of criminal activities, understand the work environments of criminals, and determine their motivations. The study focused on the city of Baghdad, covering both the Karkh and Rusafa sides of the Tigris River, with a particular emphasis on the Rusafa side. Data from the ten months of 2022 was used to analyze drug dealers and users. The study utilized Global Positioning System (GPS) devices to geographically locate the samples, and the GIS V10.4 software was employed for data storage, processing, and analysis, along with various statistical analysis tools. The research identified hotspots of drug user prevalence based on statistical methods and theories, distinguishing the most influential hotspots and the least influential cold spots. Notable hotspots included Sadr City, Al-Shaab, Al-Kifah, Al-Fadl, New Baghdad, Municipalities, and Al-Obeidi, predominantly in the Rusafa side, encompassing slum areas and transgressions. An important aspect of the study was the creation of various spatial analysis maps, aiding decision-makers in implementing suitable measures for controlling and detecting drug users early.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dina H. Obaid, Rusul J. Hadi, A. F. Albo Hassan, Nameer Al-Taai
One of the most important complications of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of white spot lesions (WSL) which represent the first clinical observation of dental caries. Fluoride is an efficient prophylaxis for WSL; however, its excessive use may lead to fluorosis. In addition, other chemicals (e.g., chlorhexidine) that have bactericidal effects may negatively affect the oral microflora. In the last decade, interest has shifted to using natural products that have beneficial effects on health. Using dental products (toothpaste, mouthwash, or oral gel) containing herbal extracts, has been shown to inhibit pathogenesis of cariogenic bacteria and consequently reduces enamel demineralization. Future longitudinal and in vivo studies are needed to explore the advantages and disadvantages of dental products containing herbs.
{"title":"Herbal Extract and White Spot Lesion: A Review","authors":"Dina H. Obaid, Rusul J. Hadi, A. F. Albo Hassan, Nameer Al-Taai","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important complications of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of white spot lesions (WSL) which represent the first clinical observation of dental caries. Fluoride is an efficient prophylaxis for WSL; however, its excessive use may lead to fluorosis. In addition, other chemicals (e.g., chlorhexidine) that have bactericidal effects may negatively affect the oral microflora. In the last decade, interest has shifted to using natural products that have beneficial effects on health. Using dental products (toothpaste, mouthwash, or oral gel) containing herbal extracts, has been shown to inhibit pathogenesis of cariogenic bacteria and consequently reduces enamel demineralization. Future longitudinal and in vivo studies are needed to explore the advantages and disadvantages of dental products containing herbs.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within the complex realm of DNA sequencing, discerning protein coding areas from non-coding segments proves challenging due to the pervasive 1/f background disturbance. Traditional digital signal processing (DSP) methodologies, while widely adopted, may inadvertently overlook the inherent nuances and intricacies of DNA sequences. This paper critically examines these established DSP-centric methodologies, underscoring their potential inadequacies in capturing the salient characteristics intrinsic to DNA. Notably, nucleotides within the DNA exhibit distinct attributes, such as their triadic configurations, specific structural significance, and particularized density distributions in codons, among other characteristics. By harnessing these inherent features of nucleotides, computational approaches can effectively counteract signal disruptions, enhancing the precision in identifying protein coding regions.
在复杂的 DNA 测序领域，由于普遍存在的 1/f 背景干扰，要从非编码片段中分辨出蛋白质编码区具有挑战性。传统的数字信号处理（DSP）方法虽然被广泛采用，但可能会无意中忽略 DNA 序列固有的细微差别和错综复杂性。本文对这些以 DSP 为中心的成熟方法进行了批判性研究，强调了这些方法在捕捉 DNA 固有显著特征方面可能存在的不足。值得注意的是，DNA 中的核苷酸表现出独特的属性，如三元组构型、特定的结构意义、密码子中特定的密度分布等。通过利用核苷酸的这些固有特征，计算方法可以有效抵消信号干扰，提高识别蛋白质编码区的精确度。
{"title":"Advancing DNA Signal Processing: Integrating Digital and Biological Nuances for Enhanced Identification of Coding Regions","authors":"A. A. Sakran, S. Hadi, W. Al-Jawher","doi":"10.36371/port.2023.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Within the complex realm of DNA sequencing, discerning protein coding areas from non-coding segments proves challenging due to the pervasive 1/f background disturbance. Traditional digital signal processing (DSP) methodologies, while widely adopted, may inadvertently overlook the inherent nuances and intricacies of DNA sequences. This paper critically examines these established DSP-centric methodologies, underscoring their potential inadequacies in capturing the salient characteristics intrinsic to DNA. Notably, nucleotides within the DNA exhibit distinct attributes, such as their triadic configurations, specific structural significance, and particularized density distributions in codons, among other characteristics. By harnessing these inherent features of nucleotides, computational approaches can effectively counteract signal disruptions, enhancing the precision in identifying protein coding regions.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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