Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.42
Haifa T. Abu Tbeekh, Hamoodi Aliwi Mosa, Mohammed Hamoudi Alsunboli
Anal fissure are common causes of rectal bleeding; often necessitate effective local medicinal treatments to avoid surgical intervention. This study evaluates the efficacy of a novel combination therapy using verapamil and zinc oxide ointment for the management of chronic anal fissure. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, reduces sphincter pressure, while zinc oxide promotes healing through its anti-inflammatory properties. Conducted as a prospective randomized controlled trial, 65 patients were divided into three groups: a control group treated with Vaseline, a group treated with 15% verapamil ointment, and a group treated with 15% verapamil ointment and 10% zinc oxide ointment. Over a six-week period, the combination therapy group demonstrated significantly higher healing rates and pain relief compared to the other groups. The results suggest that verapamil combined with zinc oxide is a promising and effective treatment option for chronic anal fissures, with manageable side effects.
{"title":"Efficacy of Verapamil Combined with Zinc Oxide for Anal Fissure Management","authors":"Haifa T. Abu Tbeekh, Hamoodi Aliwi Mosa, Mohammed Hamoudi Alsunboli","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.42","url":null,"abstract":"Anal fissure are common causes of rectal bleeding; often necessitate effective local medicinal treatments to avoid surgical intervention. This study evaluates the efficacy of a novel combination therapy using verapamil and zinc oxide ointment for the management of chronic anal fissure. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, reduces sphincter pressure, while zinc oxide promotes healing through its anti-inflammatory properties. Conducted as a prospective randomized controlled trial, 65 patients were divided into three groups: a control group treated with Vaseline, a group treated with 15% verapamil ointment, and a group treated with 15% verapamil ointment and 10% zinc oxide ointment. Over a six-week period, the combination therapy group demonstrated significantly higher healing rates and pain relief compared to the other groups. The results suggest that verapamil combined with zinc oxide is a promising and effective treatment option for chronic anal fissures, with manageable side effects.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new image encryption algorithm based on the Arnold transform and URUK chaotic maps is proposed to deal with the issues of inadequate security and low encryption efficiency. Colored images consist of three linked channels used in the scheme. This method uses different keys to break the correlations between adjacent pixels in each channel. First, the plain image is split into RGB channels to encrypt each channel separately. Second, the Arnold transform performs pixel permutation, resulting in scrambled channels. third, the URUK chaotic maps generate three key vectors to perform pixel diffusion, resulting in diffused channels used as input for the following step. Finally, the GWO shuffles each channel independently, to get the minimum correlation between image pixels, which are then merged to obtain a cipher image. This method generates the cipher image with great unpredictability and security. The security is evaluated using various measures. The results demonstrated a high level of security attained by successfully encrypting colored images. Recent encryption algorithms are compared in terms of entropy, correlation coefficients, and attack robustness. The proposed method provided outstanding security and outperformed existing image encryption algorithms.
本文提出了一种基于 Arnold 变换和 URUK 混沌图的新型图像加密算法，以解决安全性不足和加密效率低的问题。该方案中使用的彩色图像由三个相连的通道组成。该方法使用不同的密钥来破解每个通道中相邻像素之间的相关性。首先，将普通图像分割成 RGB 通道，分别对每个通道进行加密。第三，URUK 混沌图生成三个密钥矢量来进行像素扩散，从而生成扩散通道作为下一步的输入。最后，GWO 对每个信道进行独立洗牌，以获得图像像素之间的最小相关性，然后将其合并，得到密码图像。这种方法生成的密码图像具有极高的不可预测性和安全性。使用各种测量方法对安全性进行了评估。结果表明，成功加密彩色图像具有很高的安全性。还从熵值、相关系数和攻击鲁棒性等方面对最新的加密算法进行了比较。所提出的方法具有出色的安全性，优于现有的图像加密算法。
{"title":"Optimized Color Image Encryption Using Arnold Transform, URUK Chaotic Map and GWO Algorithm","authors":"Qutaiba K. Abed, W. A. Al-Jawher","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"A new image encryption algorithm based on the Arnold transform and URUK chaotic maps is proposed to deal with the issues of inadequate security and low encryption efficiency. Colored images consist of three linked channels used in the scheme. This method uses different keys to break the correlations between adjacent pixels in each channel. First, the plain image is split into RGB channels to encrypt each channel separately. Second, the Arnold transform performs pixel permutation, resulting in scrambled channels. third, the URUK chaotic maps generate three key vectors to perform pixel diffusion, resulting in diffused channels used as input for the following step. Finally, the GWO shuffles each channel independently, to get the minimum correlation between image pixels, which are then merged to obtain a cipher image. This method generates the cipher image with great unpredictability and security. The security is evaluated using various measures. The results demonstrated a high level of security attained by successfully encrypting colored images. Recent encryption algorithms are compared in terms of entropy, correlation coefficients, and attack robustness. The proposed method provided outstanding security and outperformed existing image encryption algorithms.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.43
Ahmed Al-Husaini
In this research , it was possible to include the porosity distribution factor among the factors affecting solubility instead of the surface area by developing a mathematical mode which based on equations Owtwald-Freundlich, Gibbs-Thomson and Kaptay’s derivations which one of dependence on the surface area. Two sample of ammonium perchlorate were applied , the first sample at normal state, and the second model which had changes were made to the surfaces of the particles. The results of the porosity tests for them were found different. Conducting a mathematical analysis of the results and introducing the pore distribution variable. The surface area of the second model increased by ( 26% ) in which the pore volume size between ( 30-4000) Å. The results indicate that the solubility increased in sample No. (2 ) by (12,28% ) and this is due to the increase in the pore distribution in the second model. in this case the larger surface area in the porosity distribution is the reason for the resulting increase in the solubility value, by the noting of the mechanism dissolution process which adopted , that can provide an explanation for the increase in it. The idea of pore distribution can be applied to enhance the quality of drugs through depending it's on the amount of solubility which required in order to perform its function well. For this, the aim of this research was to draw attention to the challenges of solubility measurement and to present new techniques and detection methods that provide more accurate results by introduce the concept of pore size distribution to the particle instead of radii and surface area. It has been applied on ammonium perchlorate and determine the effective porosity distribution to obtain the best or required solubility based on the results obtained from studying the laboratory-wise and applying the results to mathematical models that are derived for.
{"title":"Influence the Distributions of Porosity on the Performance of Solubility Functions","authors":"Ahmed Al-Husaini","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.43","url":null,"abstract":"In this research , it was possible to include the porosity distribution factor among the factors affecting solubility instead of the surface area by developing a mathematical mode which based on equations Owtwald-Freundlich, Gibbs-Thomson and Kaptay’s derivations which one of dependence on the surface area. Two sample of ammonium perchlorate were applied , the first sample at normal state, and the second model which had changes were made to the surfaces of the particles. The results of the porosity tests for them were found different. Conducting a mathematical analysis of the results and introducing the pore distribution variable. The surface area of the second model increased by ( 26% ) in which the pore volume size between ( 30-4000) Å. The results indicate that the solubility increased in sample No. (2 ) by (12,28% ) and this is due to the increase in the pore distribution in the second model. in this case the larger surface area in the porosity distribution is the reason for the resulting increase in the solubility value, by the noting of the mechanism dissolution process which adopted , that can provide an explanation for the increase in it. The idea of pore distribution can be applied to enhance the quality of drugs through depending it's on the amount of solubility which required in order to perform its function well. For this, the aim of this research was to draw attention to the challenges of solubility measurement and to present new techniques and detection methods that provide more accurate results by introduce the concept of pore size distribution to the particle instead of radii and surface area. It has been applied on ammonium perchlorate and determine the effective porosity distribution to obtain the best or required solubility based on the results obtained from studying the laboratory-wise and applying the results to mathematical models that are derived for.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"54 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.41
Elaf Abdulghani Al-Yozbakey, R. Esmaeel
This study addresses an important issue in higher education: the quality of educational services and its impact on student satisfaction. The research particularly focuses on services provided by universities and higher education institutions. The study aims to determine the extent to which various dimensions of quality of educational services, including the academic background of professors, curriculum, infrastructure and facilities, employment prospects, safety and security, and students' skills development are impacted the student satisfaction in the Department of Industrial Management at the College of Administration and Economics at the University of Mosul. A descriptive analytical approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyze data collected through questionnaires distributed to a random sample of 93 students. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of quality of educational services and student satisfaction, suggesting that improving service quality leads to higher satisfaction. Furthermore, the study found that these dimensions have a significant impact on students' overall satisfaction with the educational services provided. Based on these results, the study provides several important recommendations that highlight the need to pay attention to the quality of educational services provided at the university. This includes focusing on both weaknesses and strengths and repeating the measurement of service quality to ensure continuous improvement. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the relationship between the quality of educational services and student satisfaction and provides guidance for higher education decision makers to develop effective strategies to improve service quality and ultimately increase student satisfaction.
{"title":"The Role of Educational Service Quality in Enhancing Student Satisfaction / an Exploratory Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Students of the Department of Industrial Management","authors":"Elaf Abdulghani Al-Yozbakey, R. Esmaeel","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.41","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses an important issue in higher education: the quality of educational services and its impact on student satisfaction. The research particularly focuses on services provided by universities and higher education institutions. The study aims to determine the extent to which various dimensions of quality of educational services, including the academic background of professors, curriculum, infrastructure and facilities, employment prospects, safety and security, and students' skills development are impacted the student satisfaction in the Department of Industrial Management at the College of Administration and Economics at the University of Mosul. A descriptive analytical approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyze data collected through questionnaires distributed to a random sample of 93 students. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of quality of educational services and student satisfaction, suggesting that improving service quality leads to higher satisfaction. Furthermore, the study found that these dimensions have a significant impact on students' overall satisfaction with the educational services provided. Based on these results, the study provides several important recommendations that highlight the need to pay attention to the quality of educational services provided at the university. This includes focusing on both weaknesses and strengths and repeating the measurement of service quality to ensure continuous improvement. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the relationship between the quality of educational services and student satisfaction and provides guidance for higher education decision makers to develop effective strategies to improve service quality and ultimately increase student satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to study the extent to which digital litigation achieves legal protection of the rights of litigants. The research will focus on studying the definition of digital litigation, its advantages, the challenges it faces, and the guarantees of the rights of litigants, then studying models of international experiences of digital litigation systems. The study concluded that it is possible to keep up with national legislation for the digital litigation system in Under legislative texts that are compatible with the rules of the Code of Procedure, or developing the rules of traditional litigation procedures to be compatible with this type of litigation, the research concluded that digital litigation is not considered effective unless legal and material means are available to it so that it does not constitute a violation of the rights of litigants. The study recommended benefiting from experiences Countries that have adopted digital litigation, such as the Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and others, and carried out legislative reform to keep pace with scientific and technological development.
{"title":"The Extent to Which Digital Litigation Achieves Legal Protection for the Rights of Litigants","authors":"Rajaei Abdulrahman Abdulqader, Anmar Haitham Naama","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.40","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to study the extent to which digital litigation achieves legal protection of the rights of litigants. The research will focus on studying the definition of digital litigation, its advantages, the challenges it faces, and the guarantees of the rights of litigants, then studying models of international experiences of digital litigation systems. The study concluded that it is possible to keep up with national legislation for the digital litigation system in Under legislative texts that are compatible with the rules of the Code of Procedure, or developing the rules of traditional litigation procedures to be compatible with this type of litigation, the research concluded that digital litigation is not considered effective unless legal and material means are available to it so that it does not constitute a violation of the rights of litigants. The study recommended benefiting from experiences Countries that have adopted digital litigation, such as the Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and others, and carried out legislative reform to keep pace with scientific and technological development.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.39
Salah Hassan Al-Arbawi
It seems we are sleepwalking towards a climate catastrophe," and "The era of global warming has ended, and the era of global boiling has begun," are two quotes from UN Secretary-General António Guterres, the first in March 2022 and the latter in July 2023. He warns of countries neglecting their climate commitments and many, both developed and others, not adhering to the implementation of sustainable development plans. Sustainable development is no longer just a term or concept to be added to the field of other terms and concepts; it is an urgent necessity, and neglecting it signals a serious danger. The World Commission on Environment and Development defines it in its 1987 report titled "Our Common Future" presented to the United Nations as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." It is clear that the issue of sustainable development is not new or emergent; it was discussed in the 1980s. Nor is it a secondary or marginal issue; it is supported by the United Nations. It is surprising that the Iraqi Constitution of 2005 does not mention sustainable development, even though it was written nearly a quarter-century after the term became widespread. The current constitution refers to the word "development" without specifying its meaning or content, whereas some constitutions, such as the amended Egyptian Constitution of 2014, clearly and explicitly refer to sustainable development and the rights of future generations. Respecting the rights of future generations is one of the most important topics that constitutional lawmakers should include at the core of the constitutional document to grant it both substantive and formal supremacy, giving it the necessary priority and care.
{"title":"Sustainable Development and the Rights of Future Generations in the Iraqi Constitution of 2005: A Comparative Study","authors":"Salah Hassan Al-Arbawi","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.39","url":null,"abstract":"It seems we are sleepwalking towards a climate catastrophe,\" and \"The era of global warming has ended, and the era of global boiling has begun,\" are two quotes from UN Secretary-General António Guterres, the first in March 2022 and the latter in July 2023. He warns of countries neglecting their climate commitments and many, both developed and others, not adhering to the implementation of sustainable development plans. Sustainable development is no longer just a term or concept to be added to the field of other terms and concepts; it is an urgent necessity, and neglecting it signals a serious danger. The World Commission on Environment and Development defines it in its 1987 report titled \"Our Common Future\" presented to the United Nations as \"development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.\" It is clear that the issue of sustainable development is not new or emergent; it was discussed in the 1980s. Nor is it a secondary or marginal issue; it is supported by the United Nations. It is surprising that the Iraqi Constitution of 2005 does not mention sustainable development, even though it was written nearly a quarter-century after the term became widespread. The current constitution refers to the word \"development\" without specifying its meaning or content, whereas some constitutions, such as the amended Egyptian Constitution of 2014, clearly and explicitly refer to sustainable development and the rights of future generations. Respecting the rights of future generations is one of the most important topics that constitutional lawmakers should include at the core of the constitutional document to grant it both substantive and formal supremacy, giving it the necessary priority and care.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.37
Firas Karim Ali, A. A. Kadhum
The current research aims to assess the impact of research and development (R&D) capabilities and innovation capabilities on the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. To this end, a factory specializing in LED energy-efficient lighting production was chosen as the research sample, located in Taji. The descriptive-analytical method was employed using a questionnaire to collect data from a research population consisting of 173 workers. A randomized sample of 138 workers was selected. SPSS V.24 software and a range of statistical methods such as Cronbach's alpha coefficient, mean, standard deviation, variance ratio, and simple linear regression were utilized. Among the significant findings of this study is the existence of a correlation and impact between R&D capabilities and innovation capabilities, and the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. In other words, enhancing focus on R&D and innovation capabilities increases the likelihood of achieving the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. Regarding key recommendations drawn from the research to enhance the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing, the factory should prioritize the improvement and modernization of production lines while concentrating on delivering products aligned with technological advancements and meeting market needs."
{"title":"The Impact of Research & Development Capabilities & Innovation Capabilities on the Environmental and Economic Dimension of Sustainable Marketing- An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of workers in the energy-saving lighting factory","authors":"Firas Karim Ali, A. A. Kadhum","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.37","url":null,"abstract":"The current research aims to assess the impact of research and development (R&D) capabilities and innovation capabilities on the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. To this end, a factory specializing in LED energy-efficient lighting production was chosen as the research sample, located in Taji. The descriptive-analytical method was employed using a questionnaire to collect data from a research population consisting of 173 workers. A randomized sample of 138 workers was selected. SPSS V.24 software and a range of statistical methods such as Cronbach's alpha coefficient, mean, standard deviation, variance ratio, and simple linear regression were utilized. Among the significant findings of this study is the existence of a correlation and impact between R&D capabilities and innovation capabilities, and the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. In other words, enhancing focus on R&D and innovation capabilities increases the likelihood of achieving the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing. Regarding key recommendations drawn from the research to enhance the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainable marketing, the factory should prioritize the improvement and modernization of production lines while concentrating on delivering products aligned with technological advancements and meeting market needs.\"","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"6 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.38
Raghad Hammad Raja
Legislation is an essential tool for achieving development in any society. It provides the legal framework to stimulate economic and social growth, protects the rights of individuals and companies, and creates a sustainable environment for business and investment. Achieving development, improvement and equal educational opportunities in Iraq is achieved through development and legislation. Quality education contributes to building and strengthening the social and economic structure of Iraq, developing the capabilities of young people and their participation in the labor market, which helps to reduce social disparities and enhance justice in society.
{"title":"Towards achieving quality and equal educational opportunities in Iraq: the role of development and law enforcement in achieving the required change","authors":"Raghad Hammad Raja","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.38","url":null,"abstract":"Legislation is an essential tool for achieving development in any society. It provides the legal framework to stimulate economic and social growth, protects the rights of individuals and companies, and creates a sustainable environment for business and investment. Achieving development, improvement and equal educational opportunities in Iraq is achieved through development and legislation. Quality education contributes to building and strengthening the social and economic structure of Iraq, developing the capabilities of young people and their participation in the labor market, which helps to reduce social disparities and enhance justice in society.","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"25 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markov Chains can be a valuable tool for analyzing expected awarded grades in the International Baccalaureate (IB) program for secondary schools. A core principle of the IB program is the emphasis on student progress throughout the two-year Diploma Programme (DP). Markov Chains excel at modeling transitions between states, which in this case, could represent different grade levels (e.g., predicted grade of 4 transitioning to a final awarded grade of 5). One of the complicated parts in the teaching system is how to conduct the evaluation process. The absence of an ideal evaluation standard is a problem in the teaching system at all [4, 5]. In this study, it is aimed to implement Markov mathematics in analyzing and modeling the IB Diploma Statistical Bulletin of May examination sessions, which is interesting and the most common to any IB student. Markov model will be realized using students’ grades which were contained the awarded grades for each of the six EE groups. The data are examination results from 427452 students in 2211 schools for nine years of the IB Diploma statistical bulletin of May examination sessions 2006 – 2014 [6].
{"title":"Markov Model Simulation and Analysis for Future Expectation of Awarded Grades for IB Secondary Schools","authors":"M. W. Ameen","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Markov Chains can be a valuable tool for analyzing expected awarded grades in the International Baccalaureate (IB) program for secondary schools. A core principle of the IB program is the emphasis on student progress throughout the two-year Diploma Programme (DP). Markov Chains excel at modeling transitions between states, which in this case, could represent different grade levels (e.g., predicted grade of 4 transitioning to a final awarded grade of 5). \u0000One of the complicated parts in the teaching system is how to conduct the evaluation process. The absence of an ideal evaluation standard is a problem in the teaching system at all [4, 5]. In this study, it is aimed to implement Markov mathematics in analyzing and modeling the IB Diploma Statistical Bulletin of May examination sessions, which is interesting and the most common to any IB student. Markov model will be realized using students’ grades which were contained the awarded grades for each of the six EE groups. The data are examination results from 427452 students in 2211 schools for nine years of the IB Diploma statistical bulletin of May examination sessions 2006 – 2014 [6].","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.36371/port.2024.special.36
Rajab Mohammed Nada
Inspection is considered one of the most important methods of proof and direct evidence by the judiciary, because it relates to proven facts, in order to prove the truth in judicial disputes brought by the judiciary. Inspection may be carried out by the court itself, by asking one of the other litigants to inspect the disputed objects, whether they are Movable or immovable, or, if possible, by bringing it to court to do so or by changing the judge who undertakes it, it has jurisdiction over the subject of the dispute. Inspection is the most important method of proof approved by the Egyptian legislator, as it allows judges to personally inspect the subject of the dispute to ensure the validity of the other party’s claims, and it is a direct means of proof in administrative lawsuits . This study aimed to clarify the legal nature of inspection in Egyptian legislation, as well as to explain its importance, its controls, and the relationship between it and the judge’s ruling with his knowledge. The problem of
{"title":"Inspection as a Means of Evidence in Administrative Judiciary","authors":"Rajab Mohammed Nada","doi":"10.36371/port.2024.special.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2024.special.36","url":null,"abstract":" Inspection is considered one of the most important methods of proof and direct evidence by the judiciary, because it relates to proven facts, in order to prove the truth in judicial disputes brought by the judiciary. Inspection may be carried out by the court itself, by asking one of the other litigants to inspect the disputed objects, whether they are Movable or immovable, or, if possible, by bringing it to court to do so or by changing the judge who undertakes it, it has jurisdiction over the subject of the dispute. Inspection is the most important method of proof approved by the Egyptian legislator, as it allows judges to personally inspect the subject of the dispute to ensure the validity of the other party’s claims, and it is a direct means of proof in administrative lawsuits . This study aimed to clarify the legal nature of inspection in Egyptian legislation, as well as to explain its importance, its controls, and the relationship between it and the judge’s ruling with his knowledge. The problem of","PeriodicalId":502904,"journal":{"name":"Journal Port Science Research","volume":"56 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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