Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1429
Saad D. Oleiwi
Diabetes is believed to be one of the most important challenges that are facing societies around the world. The research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of 150 mg/ml of Spirulina platensis and 10 mg/ml of silver nanoparticles Ag-NPs on the sugar level, lipid profile, and liver enzyme concentration in male rats. Diabetes was induced with alloxan and bred for four weeks. The rats were divided randomly into five groups and every single group contained five rats; M1 was the control group, M2 was a treated diabetic rat, M3 treated diabetic rats with 10 mg/ml Ag-NPs, M4 treated diabetic rats with 150 mg/ml S. platensis and M5 group with diabetic rats that were treated with 10 mg/ml Ag-NPs + 150 mg/ml S. platensis. The results showed that the group of rats infected with Alloxan (M2) caused negative effects at a significant level (P<0.05) on the blood sugar level, while the group of rats treated with Ag-NPs (M3) or S. platensis (M4) or both (M5) showed a positive effect on the blood glucose rate, which reached 292.6, 210.5, and 199.3 mg/dl, respectively, compared to the (M2) group, which was 441.8 mg/dl. The results of the lipids profile, the group with diabetes (M2) showed an increase in the level of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and a decrease in the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). The treatment groups M3, M4, and M5 improved significantly positive blood lipid levels. The same situation applied to the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP, whose values decreased significantly in the treatment groups (M3, M4, and M5) compared to the infection group (M2).
{"title":"Effect of oral dosage of Spirulina platensis and silver nanoparticles on glucose, lipid profile, and liver enzymes in male rats induced di-abetics by alloxan","authors":"Saad D. Oleiwi","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1429","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is believed to be one of the most important challenges that are facing societies around the world. The research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of 150 mg/ml of Spirulina platensis and 10 mg/ml of silver nanoparticles Ag-NPs on the sugar level, lipid profile, and liver enzyme concentration in male rats. Diabetes was induced with alloxan and bred for four weeks. The rats were divided randomly into five groups and every single group contained five rats; M1 was the control group, M2 was a treated diabetic rat, M3 treated diabetic rats with 10 mg/ml Ag-NPs, M4 treated diabetic rats with 150 mg/ml S. platensis and M5 group with diabetic rats that were treated with 10 mg/ml Ag-NPs + 150 mg/ml S. platensis. The results showed that the group of rats infected with Alloxan (M2) caused negative effects at a significant level (P<0.05) on the blood sugar level, while the group of rats treated with Ag-NPs (M3) or S. platensis (M4) or both (M5) showed a positive effect on the blood glucose rate, which reached 292.6, 210.5, and 199.3 mg/dl, respectively, compared to the (M2) group, which was 441.8 mg/dl. The results of the lipids profile, the group with diabetes (M2) showed an increase in the level of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and a decrease in the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). The treatment groups M3, M4, and M5 improved significantly positive blood lipid levels. The same situation applied to the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP, whose values decreased significantly in the treatment groups (M3, M4, and M5) compared to the infection group (M2). \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1454
H. G. A. Al-Kraiti, Zaidoun S. Ch. Hadi, N. J. Muhammad, Sarah H. Alshurayfy, N. N. Jawad
A field experiment was conducted in the spring of 2022 in one of the trial fields connected to Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School. This field was north of Karbala Governorate. We wanted to find out what happened to maize yield and seed quality when different amounts of G-power Ca were sprayed at different times. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and two factors. The first factor includes different concentrations of the nano fertilizer G-power Ca (0,2,4,6) ml L-1 L-1 for all. The second set of factors includes three different times for foliar spraying: 20 days after planting, 40 days after planting, and 60 days after planting. It was found that the foliar spray treatment with G-Power Calcium at a concentration of (6 ml L-1) was much better at increasing the number of rows per ear (row ear-1) and the number of grains in a row (grain row-1). It was also much better at increasing the weight of 500 grains (g), the concentration of nitrogen in the grains (%), and the percentage of protein in the grains (%). It also gave them the highest averages for all of these traits.
{"title":"Effect of nano-foliar spraying with G-power Ca organic fertilizer and spraying stages on some yield and seed quality characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.)","authors":"H. G. A. Al-Kraiti, Zaidoun S. Ch. Hadi, N. J. Muhammad, Sarah H. Alshurayfy, N. N. Jawad","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1454","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted in the spring of 2022 in one of the trial fields connected to Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School. This field was north of Karbala Governorate. We wanted to find out what happened to maize yield and seed quality when different amounts of G-power Ca were sprayed at different times. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and two factors. The first factor includes different concentrations of the nano fertilizer G-power Ca (0,2,4,6) ml L-1 L-1 for all. The second set of factors includes three different times for foliar spraying: 20 days after planting, 40 days after planting, and 60 days after planting. It was found that the foliar spray treatment with G-Power Calcium at a concentration of (6 ml L-1) was much better at increasing the number of rows per ear (row ear-1) and the number of grains in a row (grain row-1). It was also much better at increasing the weight of 500 grains (g), the concentration of nitrogen in the grains (%), and the percentage of protein in the grains (%). It also gave them the highest averages for all of these traits.","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"8 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1441
Sundus Yaseen Shneen, Muna I. Jassem, Kiaser Abdulsajjad M. Hussain
The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate pesticides on the southern cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Experiments were conducted using three different concentrations (1, 1.5, 2) ml/1 liter (distilled water) of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate on 10 selected insects (5 males, 5 females) placed on 10 grams of treated cowpea seeds. The results showed that Tondexir effectively eliminated C. maculatus, achieving a 100% mortality rate after 5 days at a concentration of 2 mL. In contrast, the biopesticide Emamectin benzoate showed high mortality rates for adult southern cowpea beetles, reaching 100% after one day at the same concentration. This confirms the effectiveness and superiority of Emamectin benzoate compared to the control group, which did not show any fatalities. Different concentrations of pesticides had varying effects on spawning rates, with significant differences observed between the treatment and control groups. These results indicate the effect of the pesticides Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate on the egg-laying process of the Southern Cowpea beetle. The study showed that different concentrations of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate did not lead to egg hatching, while the control group showed a high hatching rate of about 90-93%. This confirms the ability of these pesticides to combat the southern cowpea beetle. In conclusion, the study highlighted the effectiveness of Emamectin benzoate in combating the Southern Cowpea beetle, as the pesticide Emamectin benzoate showed superior results. It also greatly affected egg productivity and hampered the egg-hatching process. These results indicated the possibility of using tondexir and Emamectin benzoate as effective substances to control Callosobruchus maculaus in Cowpea crops.
{"title":"Studying the effect of the pesticides Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate on some biological aspects of the southern cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus","authors":"Sundus Yaseen Shneen, Muna I. Jassem, Kiaser Abdulsajjad M. Hussain","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1441","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate pesticides on the southern cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Experiments were conducted using three different concentrations (1, 1.5, 2) ml/1 liter (distilled water) of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate on 10 selected insects (5 males, 5 females) placed on 10 grams of treated cowpea seeds. The results showed that Tondexir effectively eliminated C. maculatus, achieving a 100% mortality rate after 5 days at a concentration of 2 mL. In contrast, the biopesticide Emamectin benzoate showed high mortality rates for adult southern cowpea beetles, reaching 100% after one day at the same concentration. This confirms the effectiveness and superiority of Emamectin benzoate compared to the control group, which did not show any fatalities. Different concentrations of pesticides had varying effects on spawning rates, with significant differences observed between the treatment and control groups. These results indicate the effect of the pesticides Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate on the egg-laying process of the Southern Cowpea beetle. The study showed that different concentrations of Tondexir and Emamectin benzoate did not lead to egg hatching, while the control group showed a high hatching rate of about 90-93%. This confirms the ability of these pesticides to combat the southern cowpea beetle. In conclusion, the study highlighted the effectiveness of Emamectin benzoate in combating the Southern Cowpea beetle, as the pesticide Emamectin benzoate showed superior results. It also greatly affected egg productivity and hampered the egg-hatching process. These results indicated the possibility of using tondexir and Emamectin benzoate as effective substances to control Callosobruchus maculaus in Cowpea crops.","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"13 s3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1451
Sajjad Majid Amin Al-Zubaie, Kadum Abdullah
The experiment ran from the middle of February until the start of November 2023 under the plant canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) as a factorial experiment, with two pomegranate varieties (Yamani and Bashkan) as the first factor and various combinations of natural and chemical rootings as the second factor. These included extracts of moringa leaves (M0, M1) and licorice roots (L0, L1) at concentrations of 0 and 15 g L-1 each, as well as indole butyric acid at a concentration of 0 and 10 mg L-1 (B0, B1). The majority of the root features of the resultant seedlings demonstrated that, overall, the Bashkan variety outperformed the Yamani variety; however, this superiority varied when combined with other rooting combinations. Between the rooting stimulant combinations utilized in the study, the cuttings' dipping results differed. When it came to the quantity, size, and fresh and dry weight of the root system, indole butyric acid in combination with B1M0L0 performed better. It resulted in 250.000 root seedlings-1, 2.270 cm3, 20,680 g, and 6,650 g, respectively. In contrast, the B0M0L1 licorice root treatment demonstrated superior root length, reaching 38,100 cm. Both the percentage of rooting and the average root diameter were the largest in the combination including both extracts, B0M1L1, reaching 5.170% and 1.603 mm, respectively. Given that natural extracts have outperformed chemical radicals in the majority of the rooting qualities under study—such as licorice root extract and moringa leaf extract—it is possible to conclude from the aforementioned results on their suitability for usage as an alternative.
{"title":"Effects of natural and chemical rooting stimulants on some root traits of two varieties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cuttings","authors":"Sajjad Majid Amin Al-Zubaie, Kadum Abdullah","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1451","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment ran from the middle of February until the start of November 2023 under the plant canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) as a factorial experiment, with two pomegranate varieties (Yamani and Bashkan) as the first factor and various combinations of natural and chemical rootings as the second factor. These included extracts of moringa leaves (M0, M1) and licorice roots (L0, L1) at concentrations of 0 and 15 g L-1 each, as well as indole butyric acid at a concentration of 0 and 10 mg L-1 (B0, B1). The majority of the root features of the resultant seedlings demonstrated that, overall, the Bashkan variety outperformed the Yamani variety; however, this superiority varied when combined with other rooting combinations. Between the rooting stimulant combinations utilized in the study, the cuttings' dipping results differed. When it came to the quantity, size, and fresh and dry weight of the root system, indole butyric acid in combination with B1M0L0 performed better. It resulted in 250.000 root seedlings-1, 2.270 cm3, 20,680 g, and 6,650 g, respectively. In contrast, the B0M0L1 licorice root treatment demonstrated superior root length, reaching 38,100 cm. Both the percentage of rooting and the average root diameter were the largest in the combination including both extracts, B0M1L1, reaching 5.170% and 1.603 mm, respectively. Given that natural extracts have outperformed chemical radicals in the majority of the rooting qualities under study—such as licorice root extract and moringa leaf extract—it is possible to conclude from the aforementioned results on their suitability for usage as an alternative.","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"56 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1450
Mariam hashem Al-helu, Zhongtian Xu, Junman Li, Adnan A. Lahuf
Erysiphe necator is a devastating fungal phytopathogen that has caused powdery mildew on several genera within the Vitaceae family worldwide. In the current investigation, next-generation sequencing of RNA extracted from the okra crop, besides the bioinformatics analysis, was operated to examine the virome associated with the okra crop. Although E. necator fungus was not identified in the okra tissues, the mycovirus-related sequence of Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1 was detected. This mycovirus sequence showed a high similarity ranging between 80.38-93.48% and 100% coverage with the four distinct global isolates of the Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1. This genomic data postulates comprehension of the existence of the mycoviruses in plant hosts without their primary host, the fungus. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1 in Iraq
{"title":"Next-generation sequencing-based detection reveals Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1 in okra plants","authors":"Mariam hashem Al-helu, Zhongtian Xu, Junman Li, Adnan A. Lahuf","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1450","url":null,"abstract":"Erysiphe necator is a devastating fungal phytopathogen that has caused powdery mildew on several genera within the Vitaceae family worldwide. In the current investigation, next-generation sequencing of RNA extracted from the okra crop, besides the bioinformatics analysis, was operated to examine the virome associated with the okra crop. Although E. necator fungus was not identified in the okra tissues, the mycovirus-related sequence of Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1 was detected. This mycovirus sequence showed a high similarity ranging between 80.38-93.48% and 100% coverage with the four distinct global isolates of the Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1. This genomic data postulates comprehension of the existence of the mycoviruses in plant hosts without their primary host, the fungus. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of Erysiphe necator-associated virus 1 in Iraq","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1438
Nesreen Kadhim Ali Al- Mayahi, Susan Mohammed Al- Rubaei, Manar Abd Falhe Hassan
The study was conducted for the period from 20/3 to 20/9/2023 to study the Effect of spraying marine algae extract and adding Humax on the growth traits of the roots of two varieties of pomegranate seedlings. The experiment was implemented relying on the completely randomized block design (RCBD) as a factorial experiment of three factors: the first was pomegranate varieties (Wonderful and Slimi), the second was marine algae extract with three concentrations (0, 1.5, and 3 ml L-1), and the third was Humax with three concentrations (0, 0.25, and 0.50 g L-1), comprising three replicates of each. On September 20 2023 measurements were taken and the results were analyzed according to the statistical design used, and the averages were compared according to the selection of the least significant difference and at the level of probability 0.05, and the most important results reached: The variety Wonderful was significantly superior to the Slimi variety in most root traits studied except the root diameter trait. The treatment of the marine algae extract at a concentration of 3ml L-1 showed significant superiority for all root traits studied, The Humax treatment at a concentration of 0.50 g L-1 showed significant superiority for all the root traits studied. The binary interaction between the varieties and the marine algae extract significantly affected all studied traits, as the variety Wonderful, when treated with 3ml L-1 increased in most root traits, while cultivar Slimi recoded highest average in the root diameter. The binary interaction between the varieties and Humax was significantly effective; when treating the variety Wonderful with 0.50 g L-1 of Humax increased all root traits significantly. The binary interaction between marine algae extract and Humax significantly affected all root traits. Treating seedlings with 3ml L-1 of marine algae extract and 0.50g L-1 of Humax.
{"title":"The effect of spraying with marine algae extract and adding Humax on growth traits of the roots of two varieties of pomegranate seed-lings","authors":"Nesreen Kadhim Ali Al- Mayahi, Susan Mohammed Al- Rubaei, Manar Abd Falhe Hassan","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1438","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted for the period from 20/3 to 20/9/2023 to study the Effect of spraying marine algae extract and adding Humax on the growth traits of the roots of two varieties of pomegranate seedlings. The experiment was implemented relying on the completely randomized block design (RCBD) as a factorial experiment of three factors: the first was pomegranate varieties (Wonderful and Slimi), the second was marine algae extract with three concentrations (0, 1.5, and 3 ml L-1), and the third was Humax with three concentrations (0, 0.25, and 0.50 g L-1), comprising three replicates of each. On September 20 2023 measurements were taken and the results were analyzed according to the statistical design used, and the averages were compared according to the selection of the least significant difference and at the level of probability 0.05, and the most important results reached: The variety Wonderful was significantly superior to the Slimi variety in most root traits studied except the root diameter trait. The treatment of the marine algae extract at a concentration of 3ml L-1 showed significant superiority for all root traits studied, The Humax treatment at a concentration of 0.50 g L-1 showed significant superiority for all the root traits studied. The binary interaction between the varieties and the marine algae extract significantly affected all studied traits, as the variety Wonderful, when treated with 3ml L-1 increased in most root traits, while cultivar Slimi recoded highest average in the root diameter. The binary interaction between the varieties and Humax was significantly effective; when treating the variety Wonderful with 0.50 g L-1 of Humax increased all root traits significantly. The binary interaction between marine algae extract and Humax significantly affected all root traits. Treating seedlings with 3ml L-1 of marine algae extract and 0.50g L-1 of Humax.","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"30 2‐3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1430
Maryam Maitham Ali Al-Baik, A. Alamery
A field experiment was carried out during the 2022 agricultural season in one of the experimental fields affiliated with Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School, located in Karbala Governorate, to study the effect of NPK combinations on the growth and yield traits of two varieties of Roselle plant. The experiment was carried out in with three replicates, according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor included combinations of NPK fertilizers and according to the as follows: C0= 0 NPK kg ha-1, C1= 50,25,25 NPK kg ha-1, C2 = 75,50,50 NPK kg ha-1, C3 =100,75,75 NPK kg ha-1, C4 = 125,100,100 NPK kg ha-1, C5 = 150,125,125 NPK kg ha-1, C6 = 175,150,150 NPK kg ha-1. The second factor was two varieties of Roselle plants: white (W) and red (R). The results showed that the red variety excelled in most of the studied traits, such as growth traits, plant height 173.27 cm, leaves number 295.65 leaf plant-1, leaf area 3.48 m2,total chlorophyll content in leaves 6.61 mg g-1, fresh weight 2188.57 g plant-1, yield characteristics, number of nuts 137.65 nut plant-1, total nut yield 6298. 44 kg ha-1 and total yield of calyx leaves 1558.01 kg ha-1. C5 and C6 combinations were superior in plant height (189.05 and 195.05 cm), leaves number (331.0 and 348.0 leaf plant-1), chlorophyll a ( 6.10 and 6.45 mg g-1), chlorophyll b( 4.23, and 4.72 mg g-1 , Total chlorophyll(10.36 and 10.96 mg g-1), number of nuts (141.90 and 143.30 nut plant-1), total nut yield (6815.82 and 7090.42 kg ha-1), total yield of calyx leaves(1769.68 and 1967.81 kg ha-1 and fresh weight (2845and 2969 g plant-1) respectively. The C6 treatment was significantly superior to the C5 treatment in the characteristics of chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, fresh weight, total nut yield, and total yield of calyx leaves.
{"title":"Effect of NPK combinations on some growth and yield indicators of two varieties of roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)","authors":"Maryam Maitham Ali Al-Baik, A. Alamery","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1430","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out during the 2022 agricultural season in one of the experimental fields affiliated with Ibn Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School, located in Karbala Governorate, to study the effect of NPK combinations on the growth and yield traits of two varieties of Roselle plant. The experiment was carried out in with three replicates, according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor included combinations of NPK fertilizers and according to the as follows: C0= 0 NPK kg ha-1, C1= 50,25,25 NPK kg ha-1, C2 = 75,50,50 NPK kg ha-1, C3 =100,75,75 NPK kg ha-1, C4 = 125,100,100 NPK kg ha-1, C5 = 150,125,125 NPK kg ha-1, C6 = 175,150,150 NPK kg ha-1. The second factor was two varieties of Roselle plants: white (W) and red (R). The results showed that the red variety excelled in most of the studied traits, such as growth traits, plant height 173.27 cm, leaves number 295.65 leaf plant-1, leaf area 3.48 m2,total chlorophyll content in leaves 6.61 mg g-1, fresh weight 2188.57 g plant-1, yield characteristics, number of nuts 137.65 nut plant-1, total nut yield 6298. 44 kg ha-1 and total yield of calyx leaves 1558.01 kg ha-1. C5 and C6 combinations were superior in plant height (189.05 and 195.05 cm), leaves number (331.0 and 348.0 leaf plant-1), chlorophyll a ( 6.10 and 6.45 mg g-1), chlorophyll b( 4.23, and 4.72 mg g-1 , Total chlorophyll(10.36 and 10.96 mg g-1), number of nuts (141.90 and 143.30 nut plant-1), total nut yield (6815.82 and 7090.42 kg ha-1), total yield of calyx leaves(1769.68 and 1967.81 kg ha-1 and fresh weight (2845and 2969 g plant-1) respectively. The C6 treatment was significantly superior to the C5 treatment in the characteristics of chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, fresh weight, total nut yield, and total yield of calyx leaves. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1452
Majid Hamid Rasool, Ali J. Al-Nuaimi, Juman Khaleel Al-Sabbagh
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor and an environmental pollutant; it can produce free radicals, which cause damage in various tissues. Curcumin has been demonstrated to help with a variety of male reproductive diseases, as well as to scavenge free radicals and function as an antioxidant. The aim is to estimate the protective role of Curcumin against the toxic effect of BPA in male rats by determining the levels of antioxidants and sexual hormones, before and after treatment with this herb. The effect of curcumin as a protective role against BPA on the oxidative stress parameters showed that Curcumin could decrease MDA concentration and at the same time increase the concentration of both catalase and SOD. Also, the results revealed that Curcumin could increase the concentration of LH, FSH, and testosterone as compared to the BPA-treated group.
双酚 A（BPA）是一种内分泌干扰物和环境污染物；它能产生自由基，对各种组织造成损害。姜黄素被证明有助于治疗多种男性生殖疾病，还能清除自由基，发挥抗氧化剂的作用。本研究的目的是通过测定使用姜黄素治疗前后雄性大鼠体内的抗氧化剂和性激素水平，评估姜黄素对双酚 A 毒性作用的保护作用。姜黄素对双酚 A 的氧化应激参数的保护作用表明，姜黄素可以降低 MDA 浓度，同时提高过氧化氢酶和 SOD 的浓度。此外，与双酚 A 组相比，姜黄素还能提高 LH、FSH 和睾酮的浓度。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1437
Emad Adil Obayes Al-Taee, A. Alamery
A field experiment was conducted in spring season of 2022 according to a randomized complete block design with three replications (RCBD). The experiment included three factors. The first included three levels of agricultural sulfur (0, 1500, and 3000 kg ha-1). The second factor included two levels of thiobacillus bacteria, which are the control treatment (no addition) and the treatment with bacteria. The third factor included three concentrations of nano-zinc (0, 50, and 100 mg L-1). The results showed an excellent level of sulfur (3000 kg ha-1) in the grain yield (8.06 Mg ha-1), the percentage of nitrogen in the grains (1.72%), the percentage of phosphorus in the grains (0.53%) and the percentage of protein in grains is (10.79%), and the percentage of sulfur in grains is (0.270%). As the results showed that the second factor was superior when adding thiobacillus bacteria in the weight of 500 grains and the total grain yield (154.64 g and 7.52 Mg ha-1, respectively). As for nano-zinc, the third level (100 mg L-1) excelled in percentage of nitrogen (1.62%), phosphorus (0.41%), protein (10.79%) and sulfur (0.239%) in Grains, and the weight of 500 grains (155.53 g), with the exception of the total yield characteristic in which the level excelled (50 mg L-1) with an average of (8.01 mg L-1). The interaction between the three factors also gave a positive effect on most of the traits under study.
2022 年春季进行了一项田间试验，采用了三次重复的随机整群设计（RCBD）。试验包括三个因素。第一个因素包括三个水平的农用硫（0、1500 和 3000 kg ha-1）。第二个因素包括两个硫杆菌水平，即对照处理（不添加）和添加细菌的处理。第三个因素包括三种浓度的纳米锌（0、50 和 100 mg L-1）。结果表明，硫（3000 kg ha-1）在谷物产量（8.06 Mg ha-1）、谷物中氮的百分比（1.72%）、谷物中磷的百分比（0.53%）和谷物中蛋白质的百分比（10.79%）以及谷物中硫的百分比（0.270%）方面都达到了极佳水平。结果表明，添加硫杆菌后，第二因子在 500 粒重和总产量方面（分别为 154.64 g 和 7.52 Mg ha-1）更优。至于纳米锌，第三个水平（100 毫克/升-1）在谷物中的氮百分比（1.62%）、磷百分比（0.41%）、蛋白质百分比（10.79%）和硫百分比（0.239%）以及 500 粒重（155.53 克）方面均表现出色，但在总产量特性方面，第三个水平（50 毫克/升-1）表现出色，平均为（8.01 毫克/升-1）。三个因子之间的交互作用也对所研究的大多数性状产生了积极影响。
{"title":"Response of maize grown in calcareous soils to levels of agricultur-al sulfur, thiobacillus bacteria and nano-zinc","authors":"Emad Adil Obayes Al-Taee, A. Alamery","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1437","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted in spring season of 2022 according to a randomized complete block design with three replications (RCBD). The experiment included three factors. The first included three levels of agricultural sulfur (0, 1500, and 3000 kg ha-1). The second factor included two levels of thiobacillus bacteria, which are the control treatment (no addition) and the treatment with bacteria. The third factor included three concentrations of nano-zinc (0, 50, and 100 mg L-1). The results showed an excellent level of sulfur (3000 kg ha-1) in the grain yield (8.06 Mg ha-1), the percentage of nitrogen in the grains (1.72%), the percentage of phosphorus in the grains (0.53%) and the percentage of protein in grains is (10.79%), and the percentage of sulfur in grains is (0.270%). As the results showed that the second factor was superior when adding thiobacillus bacteria in the weight of 500 grains and the total grain yield (154.64 g and 7.52 Mg ha-1, respectively). As for nano-zinc, the third level (100 mg L-1) excelled in percentage of nitrogen (1.62%), phosphorus (0.41%), protein (10.79%) and sulfur (0.239%) in Grains, and the weight of 500 grains (155.53 g), with the exception of the total yield characteristic in which the level excelled (50 mg L-1) with an average of (8.01 mg L-1). The interaction between the three factors also gave a positive effect on most of the traits under study.","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1445
H. A. Sideeq, Hewa A. Mohammed
The treatment of ozone is widely used for post-harvest fruit and vegetable processing because of its high activity and safety. As opposed to the gaseous form, the aqueous form is more active. The technique and commodities are major factors in determining the ozone efficiency ratio. Fresh products are a source of pathogen organisms such as Fecal coliform (FC) that are considered a threat to quality and health. This study applied to evaluate the quality and safety of some fruits such (as apples and oranges) with some fruit vegetables like (tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant, cucumber, and squash), as well as some vegetables such as (lettuce, and arugula) by detection ratio of FC microorganisms. These classes of products were exposed to (3 mg/L) aqueous ozone for 5 minutes. Overall, these concentrations improved entire products. Ozon application lowered the overall activity of contaminants about 25 times from 2792.26 to 105.96 RLU/cm2 after processing. Most of the commodities as eggplant, lettuce, apples, and orange were disinfected and other products significantly decreased. The system is capable of inactivating about 6935.3 relative light units (RLU/cm2) of FC in an ideal situation
由于臭氧的高活性和安全性，臭氧处理被广泛用于采后水果和蔬菜加工。与气态臭氧相比，水态臭氧的活性更高。技术和商品是决定臭氧效率比的主要因素。新鲜产品是粪大肠菌群（FC）等病原体的来源，这些病原体被认为是对质量和健康的威胁。本研究通过检测 FC 微生物的比率来评估一些水果（如苹果和橘子）、一些果蔬（如西红柿、甜椒、茄子、黄瓜和南瓜）以及一些蔬菜（如生菜和芝麻菜）的质量和安全性。将这些产品暴露在（3 毫克/升）水臭氧中 5 分钟。总体而言，这些浓度能改善整个产品。加工后，臭氧可将污染物的总体活性降低约 25 倍，从 2792.26 RLU/cm2 降至 105.96 RLU/cm2。大多数商品如茄子、莴苣、苹果和橘子都得到了消毒，而其他产品的消毒效果则明显下降。在理想情况下，该系统能够灭活约 6935.3 个相对光单位（RLU/cm2）的 FC
{"title":"Assessment of the efficiency of ozone application for post-harvest microbial disinfection of some fruits and vegetables","authors":"H. A. Sideeq, Hewa A. Mohammed","doi":"10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i1.1445","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of ozone is widely used for post-harvest fruit and vegetable processing because of its high activity and safety. As opposed to the gaseous form, the aqueous form is more active. The technique and commodities are major factors in determining the ozone efficiency ratio. Fresh products are a source of pathogen organisms such as Fecal coliform (FC) that are considered a threat to quality and health. This study applied to evaluate the quality and safety of some fruits such (as apples and oranges) with some fruit vegetables like (tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant, cucumber, and squash), as well as some vegetables such as (lettuce, and arugula) by detection ratio of FC microorganisms. These classes of products were exposed to (3 mg/L) aqueous ozone for 5 minutes. Overall, these concentrations improved entire products. Ozon application lowered the overall activity of contaminants about 25 times from 2792.26 to 105.96 RLU/cm2 after processing. Most of the commodities as eggplant, lettuce, apples, and orange were disinfected and other products significantly decreased. The system is capable of inactivating about 6935.3 relative light units (RLU/cm2) of FC in an ideal situation","PeriodicalId":502941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"52 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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