Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for humeral shaft fractures (HSFs) has limitations due to malreduction and radiation exposure. To address these limitations, we integrated robotics and 3D printing by incorporating plates as reduction templates.
Method
The innovative technology facilitated closed reduction of HSFs in the operating theatre using 18 models with cortical marking holes. The dataset of the precontoured plate was imported into 3D planning software for virtual fixation and screw path planning. The models were divided into half to simulate transverse fractures. During the operation, the software generated drilling trajectories for robot navigation, and precise plate installation achieved automatic fracture reduction.
Results
The evaluation results of reduction accuracy revealed variations in length, apposition, alignment, and rotation that meet the criteria for anatomic reduction. High interoperator reliabilities were observed for all parameters.
Conclusions
The proposed technology achieved anatomic reduction in simulated bones.
背景：微创经皮钢板骨合成术治疗肱骨轴骨折（HSFs）有其局限性，原因是钢板还原不良和辐射暴露。为了解决这些局限性，我们整合了机器人技术和 3D 打印技术，将钢板作为还原模板：方法：这项创新技术利用 18 个带有皮质标记孔的模型，在手术室内完成了 HSF 的闭合复位。预轮廓钢板的数据集被导入三维规划软件，用于虚拟固定和螺钉路径规划。模型被分成两半，以模拟横向骨折。在操作过程中，软件为机器人导航生成钻孔轨迹，钢板的精确安装实现了骨折的自动复位：结果：骨折复位精确度的评估结果显示，长度、位置、对齐和旋转的变化符合解剖复位的标准。所有参数的操作员间可靠性都很高：结论：所提出的技术实现了模拟骨骼的解剖复位。
{"title":"Combining robotics and 3D printing facilitates closed reduction of humeral shaft fractures using a minimally invasive plate as a reduction template: A proof-of-concept study","authors":"Dapeng Liu, Jinghao Liang, Hongju Yang","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2656","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2656","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for humeral shaft fractures (HSFs) has limitations due to malreduction and radiation exposure. To address these limitations, we integrated robotics and 3D printing by incorporating plates as reduction templates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The innovative technology facilitated closed reduction of HSFs in the operating theatre using 18 models with cortical marking holes. The dataset of the precontoured plate was imported into 3D planning software for virtual fixation and screw path planning. The models were divided into half to simulate transverse fractures. During the operation, the software generated drilling trajectories for robot navigation, and precise plate installation achieved automatic fracture reduction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evaluation results of reduction accuracy revealed variations in length, apposition, alignment, and rotation that meet the criteria for anatomic reduction. High interoperator reliabilities were observed for all parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed technology achieved anatomic reduction in simulated bones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaoyang Cao, Yaoyao Zhao, Xinjie Zhang, Da Man, Fei Wang, Xianlei Cai
Background
Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly used for treating low rectal cancer. Its comparative effectiveness against laparoscopic surgery (LAS) in enhancing long-term anal function remains uncertain.
Methods
A meta-analysis was conducted to compare long-term anal function outcomes between patients undergoing RAS and LAS. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess available evidence. Studies published up to September 2023 in English or Chinese were included.
Results
Seven studies were identified. RAS patients exhibited lower low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) scores (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.64 to −0.15) and Wexner scores (SMD = −0.74; 95% CI: −1.20 to −0.27) compared with LAS patients. However, RAS did not significantly reduce major LARS risk (odds ratio = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.68–1.04).
Conclusions
RAS slightly improved postoperative anal function compared with LAS. Further studies with large samples are warranted to confirm or update our findings.
背景：机器人辅助手术（RAS）越来越多地用于治疗低位直肠癌。在提高长期肛门功能方面，机器人辅助手术与腹腔镜手术（LAS）的比较效果仍不确定：方法：我们进行了一项荟萃分析，比较了接受 RAS 和 LAS 手术的患者的长期肛门功能结果。为评估现有证据，进行了元回归和敏感性分析。纳入了截至 2023 年 9 月发表的英文或中文研究：结果：共发现七项研究。与LAS患者相比，RAS患者的低前切除综合征（LARS）评分（标准化平均差[SMD] = -1.39; 95%置信区间[CI]：-2.64至-0.15）和Wexner评分（SMD = -0.74; 95%置信区间[CI]：-1.20至-0.27）较低。然而，RAS并没有明显降低重大LARS风险（几率比=0.85；95% CI：0.68-1.04）：结论：与 LAS 相比，RAS 稍微改善了术后肛门功能。结论：与 LAS 相比，RAS 稍微改善了术后肛门功能。我们需要进一步开展大样本研究，以证实或更新我们的发现。
{"title":"Comparing the long-term follow-up anal function between robot-assisted and laparoscopic surgery for low rectal cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review","authors":"Gaoyang Cao, Yaoyao Zhao, Xinjie Zhang, Da Man, Fei Wang, Xianlei Cai","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2659","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2659","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly used for treating low rectal cancer. Its comparative effectiveness against laparoscopic surgery (LAS) in enhancing long-term anal function remains uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A meta-analysis was conducted to compare long-term anal function outcomes between patients undergoing RAS and LAS. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess available evidence. Studies published up to September 2023 in English or Chinese were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven studies were identified. RAS patients exhibited lower low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) scores (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.64 to −0.15) and Wexner scores (SMD = −0.74; 95% CI: −1.20 to −0.27) compared with LAS patients. However, RAS did not significantly reduce major LARS risk (odds ratio = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.68–1.04).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RAS slightly improved postoperative anal function compared with LAS. Further studies with large samples are warranted to confirm or update our findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erkin Gezgin, Alp E. Yaşar, Tuğrul Uslu, Mertcan Koçak, Didem Güzin, Seda Özbek, Gökmen A. Türkmen, Goncagül Karayaman, Rahime Alsanğur, Barış Bıdıklı, Fatih C. Can, Levent Çetin
Background
The method of stem cell transfer to narrow cochlear canals in vivo to generate hair cells is still an unclear operation. Thus, the development of any possible method that will ensure the usage of medical microrobots in small cochlear workspaces is a challenging procedure.
Methods
The current study tries to introduce a macro-micro manipulator system composed of a 6-DoF industrial serial manipulator as a macro manipulator and a proposed 5-DoF parallel manipulator with dual end effectors as a micro manipulator carrying permanent magnets for tetherless microrobot actuation inside the cochlea.
Results
Throughout the study, structural synthesis and kinematic analysis of the proposed micro manipulator were introduced. A prototype of the manipulator was manufactured and its hardware verification procedures were carried out using motion capture cameras and surgical navigation registration methodologies.
Conclusions
Following motion training, the assembled macro-micro manipulator was successfully utilised to actuate a microrobot placed inside a manufactured cochlea mockup model.
{"title":"On the design of a macro-micro parallel manipulator for cochlear microrobot operations","authors":"Erkin Gezgin, Alp E. Yaşar, Tuğrul Uslu, Mertcan Koçak, Didem Güzin, Seda Özbek, Gökmen A. Türkmen, Goncagül Karayaman, Rahime Alsanğur, Barış Bıdıklı, Fatih C. Can, Levent Çetin","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2654","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2654","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The method of stem cell transfer to narrow cochlear canals in vivo to generate hair cells is still an unclear operation. Thus, the development of any possible method that will ensure the usage of medical microrobots in small cochlear workspaces is a challenging procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study tries to introduce a macro-micro manipulator system composed of a 6-DoF industrial serial manipulator as a macro manipulator and a proposed 5-DoF parallel manipulator with dual end effectors as a micro manipulator carrying permanent magnets for tetherless microrobot actuation inside the cochlea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Throughout the study, structural synthesis and kinematic analysis of the proposed micro manipulator were introduced. A prototype of the manipulator was manufactured and its hardware verification procedures were carried out using motion capture cameras and surgical navigation registration methodologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following motion training, the assembled macro-micro manipulator was successfully utilised to actuate a microrobot placed inside a manufactured cochlea mockup model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcs.2654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seungmin Kim, Donghyun Shin, Changhyeon Lee, Daehee Yu, Jongho Cho, Hyunhee Bang, Hyunjoo Lee, Donghyun Kim, Ilhyung Park, Jaesung Hong, Sanghyun Joung
Background
Traditional open surgery for bone tumours sometimes has as a consequence an excessive removal of healthy bone tissue because of the limitations of rigid surgical instruments, increasing infection risk and recovery time.
Methods
We propose a remote robot with a 4.5-mm diameter bendable end-effector, offering four degrees of freedom for accessing the inside of the bone and performing tumour debridement. The preclinical studies evaluated the effectiveness, clinical scenario, and usability across 12 total surgeries–six phantom surgeries and six bovine bone surgeries. Evaluation criteria included skin incision size, bone window size, surgical time, removal rate, and conversion to open surgery.
Results
Preclinical studies demonstrated that the robotic approach requires significantly smaller incision size and procedure times than traditional open curettage.
Conclusion
This study validated the performance of the proposed system by assessing its preclinical effectiveness and optimising surgical methods using human phantom and bovine bone tumour models.
{"title":"Clinical efficacy and performance evaluation of a bendable remote robot system for a bone tumour surgery: A pilot animal study","authors":"Seungmin Kim, Donghyun Shin, Changhyeon Lee, Daehee Yu, Jongho Cho, Hyunhee Bang, Hyunjoo Lee, Donghyun Kim, Ilhyung Park, Jaesung Hong, Sanghyun Joung","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2653","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2653","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traditional open surgery for bone tumours sometimes has as a consequence an excessive removal of healthy bone tissue because of the limitations of rigid surgical instruments, increasing infection risk and recovery time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose a remote robot with a 4.5-mm diameter bendable end-effector, offering four degrees of freedom for accessing the inside of the bone and performing tumour debridement. The preclinical studies evaluated the effectiveness, clinical scenario, and usability across 12 total surgeries–six phantom surgeries and six bovine bone surgeries. Evaluation criteria included skin incision size, bone window size, surgical time, removal rate, and conversion to open surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preclinical studies demonstrated that the robotic approach requires significantly smaller incision size and procedure times than traditional open curettage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study validated the performance of the proposed system by assessing its preclinical effectiveness and optimising surgical methods using human phantom and bovine bone tumour models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashley Ying-Ying Wong, Michael Tim-Yun Ong, Tsz Lung Choi, Gloria Yan-Ting Lam, Xin He, Mingqian Yu, Ben Chi-Yin Choi, Daniel T. P. Fong, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung
Background
Up to 20% of patients remain unsatisfied after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), prompting the development of new implants. Bi-Cruciate Retaining (BCR) TKA preserves both the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), with the ACL beneficial for its proprioceptive qualities. The Bi-Cruciate Stabilised (BCS) TKA substitutes the ACL and PCL with a unique dual cam-post mechanism. Robotics improve accuracy and facilitate technically demanding TKA.
Methods
This was a retrospective case-control study recruited from two centres. Measured outcomes included kinematic analysis, proprioception, and functional outcomes.
Results
There was a significantly larger maximum flexion angle and range of flexion to extension in sit-to-stand and stairs in BCR when compared to BCS. Further analysis revealed more similarities between BCR and normal native knees. Proprioception and functional scores did not have any statistical difference.
Conclusion
BCR TKA demonstrated better knee flexion in weight-bearing active range of motion and showed similarities with normal knee kinematics.
{"title":"Comparison of the in vivo kinematics between robotic-assisted Bi-cruciate retaining and Bi-cruciate stabilised total knee arthroplasty","authors":"Ashley Ying-Ying Wong, Michael Tim-Yun Ong, Tsz Lung Choi, Gloria Yan-Ting Lam, Xin He, Mingqian Yu, Ben Chi-Yin Choi, Daniel T. P. Fong, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.2655","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Up to 20% of patients remain unsatisfied after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), prompting the development of new implants. Bi-Cruciate Retaining (BCR) TKA preserves both the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), with the ACL beneficial for its proprioceptive qualities. The Bi-Cruciate Stabilised (BCS) TKA substitutes the ACL and PCL with a unique dual cam-post mechanism. Robotics improve accuracy and facilitate technically demanding TKA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective case-control study recruited from two centres. Measured outcomes included kinematic analysis, proprioception, and functional outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a significantly larger maximum flexion angle and range of flexion to extension in sit-to-stand and stairs in BCR when compared to BCS. Further analysis revealed more similarities between BCR and normal native knees. Proprioception and functional scores did not have any statistical difference.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BCR TKA demonstrated better knee flexion in weight-bearing active range of motion and showed similarities with normal knee kinematics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcs.2655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) in the head and neck is difficult to diagnose and treat. This report outlines 11 cases of CUP treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS), aimed at investigating the diagnostic efficiency of primary tumour and radical resection effectiveness of TORS.
Methods
11 cases of CUP among 68 oropharyngeal cancer patients treated by TORS were analysed retrospectively.
Results
All the 11 cases received TORS with cervical lymph node dissection. Primary tumours were found in 8 cases (72.7%), 4 cases in the palatine tonsil and 4 cases in the base of the tongue. The average diameter of the primary tumour was 1.65 cm. All patients resumed eating by mouth within 24 h, no tracheotomy, no pharyngeal fistula and no postoperative death. The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 91%.
Conclusions
TORS can improve the diagnostic efficiency of primary tumour of CUP and achieve good oncology and functional results.
{"title":"Transoral robotic surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of primary unknown head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A preliminary single centre experience","authors":"Yinghui Zhi, Yabing Zhang, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.2652","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) in the head and neck is difficult to diagnose and treat. This report outlines 11 cases of CUP treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS), aimed at investigating the diagnostic efficiency of primary tumour and radical resection effectiveness of TORS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>11 cases of CUP among 68 oropharyngeal cancer patients treated by TORS were analysed retrospectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All the 11 cases received TORS with cervical lymph node dissection. Primary tumours were found in 8 cases (72.7%), 4 cases in the palatine tonsil and 4 cases in the base of the tongue. The average diameter of the primary tumour was 1.65 cm. All patients resumed eating by mouth within 24 h, no tracheotomy, no pharyngeal fistula and no postoperative death. The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 91%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TORS can improve the diagnostic efficiency of primary tumour of CUP and achieve good oncology and functional results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingchuan Ma, Etsuko Kobayashi, Siao Jin, Ken Masamune, Hideyuki Suenaga
Background
Quantitative evaluation of facial aesthetics is an important but also time-consuming procedure in orthognathic surgery, while existing 2D beauty-scoring models are mainly used for entertainment with less clinical impact.
Methods
A deep-learning-based 3D evaluation model DeepBeauty3D was designed and trained using 133 patients' CT images. The customised image preprocessing module extracted the skeleton, soft tissue, and personal physical information from raw DICOM data, and the predicting network module employed 3-input-2-output convolution neural networks (CNN) to receive the aforementioned data and output aesthetic scores automatically.
Results
Experiment results showed that this model predicted the skeleton and soft tissue score with 0.231 ± 0.218 (4.62%) and 0.100 ± 0.344 (2.00%) accuracy in 11.203 ± 2.824 s from raw CT images.
Conclusion
This study provided an end-to-end solution using real clinical data based on 3D CNN to quantitatively evaluate facial aesthetics by considering three anatomical factors simultaneously, showing promising potential in reducing workload and bridging the surgeon-patient aesthetics perspective gap.
{"title":"3D evaluation model of facial aesthetics based on multi-input 3D convolution neural networks for orthognathic surgery","authors":"Qingchuan Ma, Etsuko Kobayashi, Siao Jin, Ken Masamune, Hideyuki Suenaga","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2651","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2651","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative evaluation of facial aesthetics is an important but also time-consuming procedure in orthognathic surgery, while existing 2D beauty-scoring models are mainly used for entertainment with less clinical impact.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A deep-learning-based 3D evaluation model DeepBeauty3D was designed and trained using 133 patients' CT images. The customised image preprocessing module extracted the skeleton, soft tissue, and personal physical information from raw DICOM data, and the predicting network module employed 3-input-2-output convolution neural networks (CNN) to receive the aforementioned data and output aesthetic scores automatically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiment results showed that this model predicted the skeleton and soft tissue score with 0.231 ± 0.218 (4.62%) and 0.100 ± 0.344 (2.00%) accuracy in 11.203 ± 2.824 s from raw CT images.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provided an end-to-end solution using real clinical data based on 3D CNN to quantitatively evaluate facial aesthetics by considering three anatomical factors simultaneously, showing promising potential in reducing workload and bridging the surgeon-patient aesthetics perspective gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcs.2651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141319199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian B. Ong, Graham B. J. Buchan, Christian J. Hecht II, David Liu, Joshua Petterwood, Atul F. Kamath
Background
The purpose of this study was to compare one-year patient reported outcome measures between a novel fluoroscopy-based robotic-assisted (FL-RTHA) system and an existing computerised tomography-based robotic assisted (CT-RTHA) system.
Methods
A review of 85 consecutive FL-RTHA and 125 consecutive CT-RTHA was conducted. Outcomes included one-year post-operative Veterans RAND-12 (VR-12) Physical (PCS)/Mental (MCS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome (HOOS) Pain/Physical Function (PS)/Joint replacement, and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity scores.
Results
The FL-RTHA cohort had lower pre-operative VR-12 PCS, HOOS Pain, HOOS-PS, HOOS-JR, and UCLA Activity scores compared with patients in the CT-RTHA cohort. The FL-RTHA cohort reported greater improvements in HOOS-PS scores (−41.54 vs. −36.55; p = 0.028) than the CT-RTHA cohort. Both cohorts experienced similar rates of major post-operative complications, and had similar radiographic outcomes.
Conclusions
Use of the fluoroscopy-based robotic system resulted in greater improvements in HOOS-PS in one-year relative to the CT-based robotic technique.
{"title":"Use of a fluoroscopy-based robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty system resulted in greater improvements in hip-specific outcome measures at one-year compared to a CT-based robotic-assisted system","authors":"Christian B. Ong, Graham B. J. Buchan, Christian J. Hecht II, David Liu, Joshua Petterwood, Atul F. Kamath","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2650","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2650","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to compare one-year patient reported outcome measures between a novel fluoroscopy-based robotic-assisted (FL-RTHA) system and an existing computerised tomography-based robotic assisted (CT-RTHA) system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of 85 consecutive FL-RTHA and 125 consecutive CT-RTHA was conducted. Outcomes included one-year post-operative Veterans RAND-12 (VR-12) Physical (PCS)/Mental (MCS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome (HOOS) Pain/Physical Function (PS)/Joint replacement, and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FL-RTHA cohort had lower pre-operative VR-12 PCS, HOOS Pain, HOOS-PS, HOOS-JR, and UCLA Activity scores compared with patients in the CT-RTHA cohort. The FL-RTHA cohort reported greater improvements in HOOS-PS scores (−41.54 vs. −36.55; <i>p</i> = 0.028) than the CT-RTHA cohort. Both cohorts experienced similar rates of major post-operative complications, and had similar radiographic outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Use of the fluoroscopy-based robotic system resulted in greater improvements in HOOS-PS in one-year relative to the CT-based robotic technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhipeng Lin, Zhuoyue Yang, Ranyang Li, Shangyu Sun, Bin Yan, Yongming Yang, Hao Liu, Junjun Pan
Background
Endoscope retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a standard surgical treatment for gallbladder and pancreatic diseases. However, surgeons is at high risk and require sufficient surgical experience and skills.
Methods
(1) The simultaneous localisation and mapping technique to reconstruct the surgical environment. (2) The preoperative 3D model is transformed into the intraoperative video environment to implement the multi-modal fusion. (3) A framework for virtual-to-real projection based on hand-eye alignment. For the purpose of projecting the 3D model onto the imaging plane of the camera, it uses position data from electromagnetic sensors.
Results
Our AR-assisted navigation system can accurately guide physicians, which means a distance of registration error to be restricted to under 5 mm and a projection error of 5.76 ± 2.13, and the intubation procedure is done at 30 frames per second.
Conclusions
Coupled with clinical validation and user studies, both the quantitative and qualitative results indicate that our navigation system has the potential to be highly useful in clinical practice.
{"title":"Augmented-reality-based surgical navigation for endoscope retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A phantom study","authors":"Zhipeng Lin, Zhuoyue Yang, Ranyang Li, Shangyu Sun, Bin Yan, Yongming Yang, Hao Liu, Junjun Pan","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2649","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2649","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endoscope retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a standard surgical treatment for gallbladder and pancreatic diseases. However, surgeons is at high risk and require sufficient surgical experience and skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) The simultaneous localisation and mapping technique to reconstruct the surgical environment. (2) The preoperative 3D model is transformed into the intraoperative video environment to implement the multi-modal fusion. (3) A framework for virtual-to-real projection based on hand-eye alignment. For the purpose of projecting the 3D model onto the imaging plane of the camera, it uses position data from electromagnetic sensors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our AR-assisted navigation system can accurately guide physicians, which means a distance of registration error to be restricted to under 5 mm and a projection error of 5.76 ± 2.13, and the intubation procedure is done at 30 frames per second.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coupled with clinical validation and user studies, both the quantitative and qualitative results indicate that our navigation system has the potential to be highly useful in clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the fracture reduction robot, the position tracking accuracy and compliance are affected by dynamic loads from muscle stretching, uncertainties in robot dynamics models, and various internal and external disturbances.
Methods
A control method that integrates a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) with Nonlinear Disturbance Observer is proposed to enhance position tracking accuracy. Additionally, an admittance control is employed for force tracking to enhance the robot's compliance, thereby improving the safety.
Results
Experiments are conducted on a long bone fracture model with simulated muscle forces and the results demonstrate that the position tracking error is less than ±0.2 mm, the angular displacement error is less than ±0.3°, and the maximum force tracking error is 26.28 N. This result can meet surgery requirements.
Conclusions
The control method shows promising outcomes in enhancing the safety and accuracy of long bone fracture reduction with robotic assistance.
{"title":"Force/position tracking control of fracture reduction robot based on nonlinear disturbance observer and neural network","authors":"Jintao Lei, Zhuangzhuang Wang","doi":"10.1002/rcs.2639","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rcs.2639","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the fracture reduction robot, the position tracking accuracy and compliance are affected by dynamic loads from muscle stretching, uncertainties in robot dynamics models, and various internal and external disturbances.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A control method that integrates a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) with Nonlinear Disturbance Observer is proposed to enhance position tracking accuracy. Additionally, an admittance control is employed for force tracking to enhance the robot's compliance, thereby improving the safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiments are conducted on a long bone fracture model with simulated muscle forces and the results demonstrate that the position tracking error is less than ±0.2 mm, the angular displacement error is less than ±0.3°, and the maximum force tracking error is 26.28 N. This result can meet surgery requirements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The control method shows promising outcomes in enhancing the safety and accuracy of long bone fracture reduction with robotic assistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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