Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1899
Emmanuel Chijioke Uwakwe, E. Ikobho, Ugoji DARLINTON-PETER CHIBUZOR, Idika Mba Idika, Cletus Uchechukwu Onwe, Kelvin E. Ortuanya, Chinomnso Stella MARCEL-ONWUDIWE
Background: Vaginal douching is the process of intravaginal cleansing with a liquid solution. It is a harmful practice performed by millions of women all over the world with little knowledge about its harmful effect on their reproductive and overall health. Vaginal douching changes the microflora of the vagina thereby predisposing the individual to vaginal infections and its complications. Aim: This study was aimed to determine the knowledge attitude and practice of vaginal douching in non-medical undergraduates of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire. The sociodemographic factors of the respondents alongside their knowledge, attitude and practice of vaginal douching were assessed. The results were analyzed using the Epi info version 7. The level of significance was set at p<0. 05. Results: The prevalence of vaginal douching obtained was 52%. Forty-eight percent of them were introduced to vaginal douching by their mother. 66. 4% of them were sexually active. Forty-seven respondents (54. 2%) of them have been involved in vaginal douching. One hundred and thirty-three respondents (49. 1%) have had vaginal symptoms in the past. The presence of vaginal symptoms occurred in 71% of the respondents that are douching. While these vaginal symptoms occurred in 29% of the respondents that are not douching. Conclusion: The study showed high prevalence practice of vaginal douching with its attendance sequale. Therefore, Health enlighten programs should be advocated and laws prohibiting the sale of douching products should be instituted.
{"title":"Knowlegde, Attitude and Practice of Vaginal Douching in Non-Medical Undergraduates in a South Eastern Nigerian University","authors":"Emmanuel Chijioke Uwakwe, E. Ikobho, Ugoji DARLINTON-PETER CHIBUZOR, Idika Mba Idika, Cletus Uchechukwu Onwe, Kelvin E. Ortuanya, Chinomnso Stella MARCEL-ONWUDIWE","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1899","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaginal douching is the process of intravaginal cleansing with a liquid solution. It is a harmful practice performed by millions of women all over the world with little knowledge about its harmful effect on their reproductive and overall health. Vaginal douching changes the microflora of the vagina thereby predisposing the individual to vaginal infections and its complications. Aim: This study was aimed to determine the knowledge attitude and practice of vaginal douching in non-medical undergraduates of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire. The sociodemographic factors of the respondents alongside their knowledge, attitude and practice of vaginal douching were assessed. The results were analyzed using the Epi info version 7. The level of significance was set at p<0. 05. Results: The prevalence of vaginal douching obtained was 52%. Forty-eight percent of them were introduced to vaginal douching by their mother. 66. 4% of them were sexually active. Forty-seven respondents (54. 2%) of them have been involved in vaginal douching. One hundred and thirty-three respondents (49. 1%) have had vaginal symptoms in the past. The presence of vaginal symptoms occurred in 71% of the respondents that are douching. While these vaginal symptoms occurred in 29% of the respondents that are not douching. Conclusion: The study showed high prevalence practice of vaginal douching with its attendance sequale. Therefore, Health enlighten programs should be advocated and laws prohibiting the sale of douching products should be instituted.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1893
D. Chakravarthy, Kiran Gawade, Santosh Kumar Mathpati, Neelesh G., Manjula V.
The principles in treating complex mandibular fractures have changed recently, although the objective of re-establishing the occlusion and masticatory function remains the same. Technological upgrades like 3D-printed customized plates and implants have replaced traditional stock plates by achieving safe and desirable anatomical and functional restoration with reduced operative time. In this case report, we aimed to design and employ customized 3D-printed titanium plates for mandibular reconstruction in a case with complex mandibular fracture. A preoperative CT scan of the patient was taken to evaluate the displacement between the fractured segments. Virtual surgical planning was done, and 3D-printed titanium plates were simulated, customized, fabricated, and placed following Champy’s line of osteosynthesis for the approximation of fractured segments and to guide the occlusion during surgery. A postoperative CT scan was taken and overlapped with the preoperative virtual surgical plan scan to assess the interfragmentary gap after reduction and the amount of deviation. The result achieved was satisfactory, with no complications reported. The use of customized 3D printed-Ti plates in the treatment of mandibular fracture had better accuracy and adaptability to the bone, avoided the need for plate bending, improved operator efficiency, and resulted in fracture reduction with satisfactory outcomes.
尽管重建咬合和咀嚼功能的目标没有改变，但治疗复杂下颌骨骨折的原则最近发生了变化。三维打印定制钢板和种植体等技术的升级取代了传统的钢板，实现了安全、理想的解剖和功能修复，并缩短了手术时间。在本病例报告中，我们旨在为一例复杂下颌骨骨折患者设计并使用定制的 3D 打印钛板进行下颌骨重建。术前对患者进行了 CT 扫描，以评估骨折节段之间的移位情况。进行了虚拟手术规划，并模拟、定制、制作了三维打印钛板，然后按照 Champy 骨合成线放置，以逼近骨折节段，并在手术中引导咬合。术后进行了 CT 扫描，并与术前的虚拟手术计划扫描重叠，以评估缩小后的节段间隙和偏差量。使用定制的三维打印钛板治疗下颌骨骨折具有更好的准确性和对骨骼的适应性，避免了钢板弯曲，提高了操作者的效率，并使骨折复位取得了令人满意的结果。
{"title":"3D Printed Maxillofacial Trauma Plates as a Valuable Alternative to Conventional Miniplates: A Case Report","authors":"D. Chakravarthy, Kiran Gawade, Santosh Kumar Mathpati, Neelesh G., Manjula V.","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1893","url":null,"abstract":"The principles in treating complex mandibular fractures have changed recently, although the objective of re-establishing the occlusion and masticatory function remains the same. Technological upgrades like 3D-printed customized plates and implants have replaced traditional stock plates by achieving safe and desirable anatomical and functional restoration with reduced operative time. In this case report, we aimed to design and employ customized 3D-printed titanium plates for mandibular reconstruction in a case with complex mandibular fracture. A preoperative CT scan of the patient was taken to evaluate the displacement between the fractured segments. Virtual surgical planning was done, and 3D-printed titanium plates were simulated, customized, fabricated, and placed following Champy’s line of osteosynthesis for the approximation of fractured segments and to guide the occlusion during surgery. A postoperative CT scan was taken and overlapped with the preoperative virtual surgical plan scan to assess the interfragmentary gap after reduction and the amount of deviation. The result achieved was satisfactory, with no complications reported.\u0000The use of customized 3D printed-Ti plates in the treatment of mandibular fracture had better accuracy and adaptability to the bone, avoided the need for plate bending, improved operator efficiency, and resulted in fracture reduction with satisfactory outcomes.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":"26 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1885
Aysha Mohmmed Amer Alsoqae, Safia Belal
Background: Academic achievement is a crucial requirement for students to graduate, but its definition is complex and multifaceted. Academic aspects play a crucial role in nursing education, affecting students' success and development. Aim: The present study was conducted with aim to determine the student's perception about academic success also to assess the factors that affect students' academic success among nursing students is Saudi Arabia. Method: This research adopts a descriptive cross-sectional design to investigate factors influencing academic success among nursing students in selected Saudi Arabian colleges. The study is conducted at King Faisal University and Najran University, with a sample size of 400 nursing students chosen through purposive convenient sampling. Data is collected via a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, learning styles, and perceptions of academic success. Findings: Results reveal a majority of nursing students who are predominantly female, aged 18-23, hailing from urban areas, and single. Most students willingly chose nursing, appreciate their specialty, and exhibit positive perceptions of academic success. Learning style preferences indicate a preference for cooperative learning, discovery learning, and self-education. Significant associations are identified between university choice and various demographic and academic factors. Perceptions about personal, psychological, college/university-related, home-related, and teacher-related factors are generally positive. Correlations between university choice and these perceptions are established. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the intricate factors influencing academic success among nursing students in Saudi Arabian colleges. Emphasizing the importance of university-specific dynamics in shaping students' experiences and perceptions, the findings contribute crucial information for tailoring educational strategies and interventions. Keywords: Academic Success Factors, Nursing, Saudi Arabia, Student.
{"title":"Student Academic Success Factors in Selected Nursing Collages in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Aysha Mohmmed Amer Alsoqae, Safia Belal","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i06/1885","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Academic achievement is a crucial requirement for students to graduate, but its definition is complex and multifaceted. Academic aspects play a crucial role in nursing education, affecting students' success and development. Aim: The present study was conducted with aim to determine the student's perception about academic success also to assess the factors that affect students' academic success among nursing students is Saudi Arabia. Method: This research adopts a descriptive cross-sectional design to investigate factors influencing academic success among nursing students in selected Saudi Arabian colleges. The study is conducted at King Faisal University and Najran University, with a sample size of 400 nursing students chosen through purposive convenient sampling. Data is collected via a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, learning styles, and perceptions of academic success. Findings: Results reveal a majority of nursing students who are predominantly female, aged 18-23, hailing from urban areas, and single. Most students willingly chose nursing, appreciate their specialty, and exhibit positive perceptions of academic success. Learning style preferences indicate a preference for cooperative learning, discovery learning, and self-education. Significant associations are identified between university choice and various demographic and academic factors. Perceptions about personal, psychological, college/university-related, home-related, and teacher-related factors are generally positive. Correlations between university choice and these perceptions are established. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the intricate factors influencing academic success among nursing students in Saudi Arabian colleges. Emphasizing the importance of university-specific dynamics in shaping students' experiences and perceptions, the findings contribute crucial information for tailoring educational strategies and interventions.\u0000Keywords: Academic Success Factors, Nursing, Saudi Arabia, Student.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1868
Lucian Trocadero, D. Brezeanu, Ana-Maria Brezeanu, Vlad-Iustin Tica
Background: The medical condition known as placenta increta was first described in 1937. If a pregnant woman experiences this condition, a multidisciplinary team that includes an obstetrician, surgeon, urologist, and anesthesiologist must address the case. Case Report: A 32-year-old woman, who has had two prior pregnancies, sought medical attention at our emergency department during her 28th week of gestation. She reported experiencing abdominal pain over the past two days and reduced vaginal bleeding for 12 hours. The patient was admitted to the hospital with a provisional diagnosis of placenta accreta and underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging and multiple multidisciplinary consultations due to her numerous comorbidities. Despite a planned elective cesarean delivery scheduled for 34 weeks of gestation, the patient underwent an emergent cesarean delivery at 33 weeks due to heavy vaginal bleeding. Following the delivery of the baby, a subtotal hysterectomy was conducted while the placenta was left on site. Although an effort was made to preserve both ovaries, the bilateral adnexectomy was performed due to intense adherent syndrome and significant bleeding from both ovaries. After being hospitalized for nine days, the patient was discharged and followed up at 40 days and six months after surgery. The infant was also discharged 40 days after birth. The histopathological appearance was consistent with a diagnosis of placental increta. Conclusions: This presentation outlines a unique case of placenta increta, characterized by central placenta previa and velamentous cord insertion, that was associated with multiple comorbidities. Despite these challenges, the mother and the child made a full recovery.
{"title":"Multidisciplinary Approach of a Rare Case of Placenta Increta with Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report","authors":"Lucian Trocadero, D. Brezeanu, Ana-Maria Brezeanu, Vlad-Iustin Tica","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1868","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The medical condition known as placenta increta was first described in 1937. If a pregnant woman experiences this condition, a multidisciplinary team that includes an obstetrician, surgeon, urologist, and anesthesiologist must address the case. Case Report: A 32-year-old woman, who has had two prior pregnancies, sought medical attention at our emergency department during her 28th week of gestation. She reported experiencing abdominal pain over the past two days and reduced vaginal bleeding for 12 hours. The patient was admitted to the hospital with a provisional diagnosis of placenta accreta and underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging and multiple multidisciplinary consultations due to her numerous comorbidities. Despite a planned elective cesarean delivery scheduled for 34 weeks of gestation, the patient underwent an emergent cesarean delivery at 33 weeks due to heavy vaginal bleeding. Following the delivery of the baby, a subtotal hysterectomy was conducted while the placenta was left on site. Although an effort was made to preserve both ovaries, the bilateral adnexectomy was performed due to intense adherent syndrome and significant bleeding from both ovaries. After being hospitalized for nine days, the patient was discharged and followed up at 40 days and six months after surgery. The infant was also discharged 40 days after birth. The histopathological appearance was consistent with a diagnosis of placental increta. Conclusions: This presentation outlines a unique case of placenta increta, characterized by central placenta previa and velamentous cord insertion, that was associated with multiple comorbidities. Despite these challenges, the mother and the child made a full recovery.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140683774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1869
Lucian Trocadero, D. Brezeanu, M. Boșoteanu, Raluca Ioana Vodă, Vadym Rotar, Paris Ionescu, Ana-Maria Brezeanu
Atypical endometrial hyperplasia is a condition that denotes the presence of precancerous lesions in the endometrial layer of the uterus. This condition is often linked with several risk factors such as early menarche, nulliparity, diabetes, and obesity. Recently, a 65-year-old woman visited Saint Andrew Hospital Constanta with complaints of postmenopausal menstrual bleeding. Upon examination, her uterus was found to be enlarged, similar to the size of a uterus in the fifth month of pregnancy. Additionally, the uterine wall was relatively firm. To diagnose the condition, the patient underwent a curettage procedure based on transvaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging results. The pathological findings confirmed the presence of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Fortunately, the patient was cured after undergoing a total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy. This treatment approach is often recommended for patients with this condition. In conclusion, it is essential to obtain a histo-pathological sample from patients at menopause with suspect intrauterine images that may suggest malignancy. This helps in the early detection and proper management of atypical endometrial hyperplasia.
{"title":"Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia or Endometrial Cancer in A 65-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report","authors":"Lucian Trocadero, D. Brezeanu, M. Boșoteanu, Raluca Ioana Vodă, Vadym Rotar, Paris Ionescu, Ana-Maria Brezeanu","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1869","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical endometrial hyperplasia is a condition that denotes the presence of precancerous lesions in the endometrial layer of the uterus. This condition is often linked with several risk factors such as early menarche, nulliparity, diabetes, and obesity.\u0000Recently, a 65-year-old woman visited Saint Andrew Hospital Constanta with complaints of postmenopausal menstrual bleeding. Upon examination, her uterus was found to be enlarged, similar to the size of a uterus in the fifth month of pregnancy. Additionally, the uterine wall was relatively firm. To diagnose the condition, the patient underwent a curettage procedure based on transvaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging results.\u0000The pathological findings confirmed the presence of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Fortunately, the patient was cured after undergoing a total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy.\u0000This treatment approach is often recommended for patients with this condition. In conclusion, it is essential to obtain a histo-pathological sample from patients at menopause with suspect intrauterine images that may suggest malignancy. This helps in the early detection and proper management of atypical endometrial hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140685416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancers of internal organs is not commonly to metastasize to skin or subcuticular tissue and almost none has been to show metastasis to rectus muscle. We present our preoperative approach with botulinum toxin type A (BTA) and surgical oncoplastic technique to make an abdominal wall block resection in a 55-year-old woman with an ovarian metastasis lesion in rectus abdominis to achieve the closure of aponeurotic midline.
内脏器官癌症通常不会转移到皮肤或皮下组织，几乎没有直肌转移的病例。我们介绍了术前使用 A 型肉毒毒素（BTA）和外科肿瘤整形技术对一名腹直肌有卵巢转移病灶的 55 岁女性进行腹壁块切除的方法，以实现肌腱中线的闭合。
{"title":"Botulinum Toxin Preoperatory for Oncoplastic Abdominal Wall Resection of Ovarian Metastasis in Rectus Abdominis: Case Report","authors":"Cuauhtémoc Aguilar-Barragán, Daniel Sánchez-Ávila, Sergio Sandoval-Tapia, Samantha Colchado-Mariscal, Arianna Ruiz-Berrones, Jorge Flores-Filio","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1865","url":null,"abstract":"Cancers of internal organs is not commonly to metastasize to skin or subcuticular tissue and almost none has been to show metastasis to rectus muscle. We present our preoperative approach with botulinum toxin type A (BTA) and surgical oncoplastic technique to make an abdominal wall block resection in a 55-year-old woman with an ovarian metastasis lesion in rectus abdominis to achieve the closure of aponeurotic midline.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1872
L. Lekic, Bojan Pavlović
It is estimated that over a billion people worldwide have low vitamin D concentrations, justifying the term "pandemic" of vitamin D deficiency, with severe consequences for public health. Vitamin D is a key factor in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis as it promotes the intestinal absorption of calcium, which is a fundamental prerequisite for normal bone homeostasis. Numerous therapeutic options are available for the prevention and treatment of bone loss, particularly crucial for postmenopausal women and older individuals. The primary measures for preventing bone loss include proper nutrition, physical activity, and adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium. Endocrine societies worldwide provide guidelines recommending calcium and vitamin D intake, typically ranging from 800 to 1200 mg of calcium (from food and supplements) and 800–2000 IU of vitamin D for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis leads to a reduction in bone density and quality, exposing women to a higher risk of fractures even with minor injuries or spontaneous falls. The risk of osteoporosis in individuals over 50 is estimated to be about 50% higher in women and 20% higher in men, meaning that women are 2.5 times more likely to be at risk. Vitamin D deficiency also increases the risk of other diseases (comorbidities) such as diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma, and heart disease. Our research focused on the transdermal application of vitamin D, especially in diseases like osteoporosis and osteopenia. The results show that after 2 months of transdermal vitamin D application (twice daily: morning and evening), osteopenia in participants subsided, and the findings returned to normal. Transdermal application of vitamin D is scarcely represented in literature and research, making our study one of the first to address this issue and providing a foundation for further research.
据估计，全球有超过 10 亿人的维生素 D 含量偏低，因此维生素 D 缺乏症被称为 "大流行病"，对公众健康造成严重影响。维生素 D 是预防和治疗骨质疏松症的关键因素，因为它能促进肠道对钙的吸收，而钙是骨骼正常平衡的基本前提。预防和治疗骨质流失有许多治疗方法，尤其是对绝经后妇女和老年人至关重要。预防骨质流失的主要措施包括适当的营养、体育锻炼以及摄入充足的维生素 D 和钙。世界各地的内分泌学会都提供了钙和维生素 D 摄入量的指南建议，绝经后妇女骨质疏松症患者的钙摄入量通常为 800 至 1200 毫克（从食物和补充剂中摄取），维生素 D 摄入量为 800-2000 IU。骨质疏松症会导致骨密度和骨质量下降，使女性即使在轻微受伤或自发跌倒时也面临更高的骨折风险。据估计，50 岁以上的人患骨质疏松症的风险，女性高出约 50%，男性高出 20%，这意味着女性的风险是男性的 2.5 倍。缺乏维生素 D 还会增加罹患糖尿病、高血压、哮喘和心脏病等其他疾病（合并症）的风险。我们的研究重点是维生素 D 的透皮应用，尤其是对骨质疏松症和骨质增生等疾病的治疗。研究结果表明，经过 2 个月的透皮维生素 D 应用（每天早晚两次），参与者的骨质疏松症得到缓解，研究结果恢复正常。维生素 D 的透皮应用在文献和研究中很少见，因此我们的研究是最早解决这一问题的研究之一，并为进一步的研究奠定了基础。
{"title":"Transdermal Application of Vitamin D Cream in Individuals with Osteoporosis and Osteopenia","authors":"L. Lekic, Bojan Pavlović","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1872","url":null,"abstract":"It is estimated that over a billion people worldwide have low vitamin D concentrations, justifying the term \"pandemic\" of vitamin D deficiency, with severe consequences for public health. Vitamin D is a key factor in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis as it promotes the intestinal absorption of calcium, which is a fundamental prerequisite for normal bone homeostasis. Numerous therapeutic options are available for the prevention and treatment of bone loss, particularly crucial for postmenopausal women and older individuals. The primary measures for preventing bone loss include proper nutrition, physical activity, and adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium. Endocrine societies worldwide provide guidelines recommending calcium and vitamin D intake, typically ranging from 800 to 1200 mg of calcium (from food and supplements) and 800–2000 IU of vitamin D for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis leads to a reduction in bone density and quality, exposing women to a higher risk of fractures even with minor injuries or spontaneous falls. The risk of osteoporosis in individuals over 50 is estimated to be about 50% higher in women and 20% higher in men, meaning that women are 2.5 times more likely to be at risk. Vitamin D deficiency also increases the risk of other diseases (comorbidities) such as diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma, and heart disease. Our research focused on the transdermal application of vitamin D, especially in diseases like osteoporosis and osteopenia. The results show that after 2 months of transdermal vitamin D application (twice daily: morning and evening), osteopenia in participants subsided, and the findings returned to normal. Transdermal application of vitamin D is scarcely represented in literature and research, making our study one of the first to address this issue and providing a foundation for further research.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1867
Rawan Almutairi, Abeer Albazzali
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), a type of non-melanoma skin cancer, is the most common cancer worldwide that originates within the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis. Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun considered the main cause of this disease. Many risk factors increase the chance of developing BCC including environmental, lifestyle, and genetic risk factors. These factors range from exposure to UV radiation, occupational hazards, chemical exposures, family history of BCC, genetic mutations, inherited skin conditions, sun exposure and tanning habits, smoking and tobacco use, to weakened immune system. Once the risk factors are understood, preventive steps such as mitigating sun exposure and avoiding harmful chemicals can be taken to significantly reduce the likelihood of developing the cancer. By identifying the people who are most likely to get the cancer and providing the necessary preventive options, such as regular check-ups and lifestyle advice, the burden of BCC can potentially be decreased.
{"title":"An Insight of Basal Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors","authors":"Rawan Almutairi, Abeer Albazzali","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1867","url":null,"abstract":"Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), a type of non-melanoma skin cancer, is the most common cancer worldwide that originates within the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis. Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun considered the main cause of this disease. Many risk factors increase the chance of developing BCC including environmental, lifestyle, and genetic risk factors. These factors range from exposure to UV radiation, occupational hazards, chemical exposures, family history of BCC, genetic mutations, inherited skin conditions, sun exposure and tanning habits, smoking and tobacco use, to weakened immune system. Once the risk factors are understood, preventive steps such as mitigating sun exposure and avoiding harmful chemicals can be taken to significantly reduce the likelihood of developing the cancer. By identifying the people who are most likely to get the cancer and providing the necessary preventive options, such as regular check-ups and lifestyle advice, the burden of BCC can potentially be decreased.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1850
Kunal Khanna, J. Jakhar, T. Dagar, Titiksha, Dr. Meenu Gill, Vijay Pal, Gajender Yadav
Background: Hanging and ligature strangulation are violent forms of asphyxia deaths. Forensic histopathology of these cases, a microscopic analysis of various changes at cellular or tissue level helps to find out the cause of death including solving a crime mystery. Aim & objectives: To differentiate between the cases of hanging and ligature strangulation by histo-pathological examination of skin and subcutaneous tissues of ligature mark. To differentiate between ante-mortem and post-mortem hanging by studying the histo-morphological features of ligature mark. Material & methods: Skin and subcutaneous tissues of ligature mark in 64 post-mortem cases brought for autopsy with alleged history of hanging and ligature strangulation are studied in a tertiary care centre of Haryana. 60 cases were of hanging while 04 were of ligature strangulation. Results: Out of 60 cases of hanging, compression was present in 59 (98%) cases, breaking in 58 (96%) cases, wrinkling in 55 (92%) cases, and all three were present in 53 (88%) cases. All three features were also present in 04 (100%) cases of strangulation. And out of 60 cases of hanging, congestion was present in 51 (85%) cases, infiltration in 38 (63%) cases, haemorrhage in 34 (57%) cases and all three were present in 25 (41%) cases. All three features were also present in 04 (100%) cases of strangulation. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the implementation of histopathological examination of skin in all the cases of asphyxial death where compression of neck took place, as a routine procedure. It concludes that a detailed evaluation of the gross and histopathological findings of the neck structures, if undertaken as a routine would be more conclusive in establishing the cause and manner of death to aid the administration of justice.
{"title":"Histopathological Examination Findings in Ligature Mark in Post-Mortem Cases of Asphyxial Deaths: A Prospective Study","authors":"Kunal Khanna, J. Jakhar, T. Dagar, Titiksha, Dr. Meenu Gill, Vijay Pal, Gajender Yadav","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1850","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hanging and ligature strangulation are violent forms of asphyxia deaths. Forensic histopathology of these cases, a microscopic analysis of various changes at cellular or tissue level helps to find out the cause of death including solving a crime mystery. Aim & objectives: To differentiate between the cases of hanging and ligature strangulation by histo-pathological examination of skin and subcutaneous tissues of ligature mark. To differentiate between ante-mortem and post-mortem hanging by studying the histo-morphological features of ligature mark. Material & methods: Skin and subcutaneous tissues of ligature mark in 64 post-mortem cases brought for autopsy with alleged history of hanging and ligature strangulation are studied in a tertiary care centre of Haryana. 60 cases were of hanging while 04 were of ligature strangulation. Results: Out of 60 cases of hanging, compression was present in 59 (98%) cases, breaking in 58 (96%) cases, wrinkling in 55 (92%) cases, and all three were present in 53 (88%) cases. All three features were also present in 04 (100%) cases of strangulation. And out of 60 cases of hanging, congestion was present in 51 (85%) cases, infiltration in 38 (63%) cases, haemorrhage in 34 (57%) cases and all three were present in 25 (41%) cases. All three features were also present in 04 (100%) cases of strangulation. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the implementation of histopathological examination of skin in all the cases of asphyxial death where compression of neck took place, as a routine procedure. It concludes that a detailed evaluation of the gross and histopathological findings of the neck structures, if undertaken as a routine would be more conclusive in establishing the cause and manner of death to aid the administration of justice.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1866
Vivian N Akagbue, E. Ugboma
Objective: To examine the relationships between fetal Doppler indices and perinatal outcomes in women with preeclampsia and normotensive controls. Methods: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery (UA) PI, and cerebroumbilical PI ratio were measured in women with preeclampsia (n=50) and normotensive controls (n=50). Associations with birth weight, gestational age at delivery, and 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were evaluated. Predictive accuracy of indices for adverse outcomes was also assessed. Results: In pre-eclamptics, MCA PI correlated with birth weight, Apgar scores, and gestational age (p<0.05). UA PI correlated negatively with all outcomes (p<0.05). Cerebroumbilical ratio correlated positively with birth weight and Apgar scores, and negatively with gestational age and 1-minute Apgar (p<0.05). UA PI demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for predicting outcomes except prematurity. Cerebroumbilical ratio showed balanced sensitivity and specificity except for stillbirths. Conclusions: Fetal Doppler indices provide valuable prognostic information in preeclampsia. UA PI may be optimal for predicting adverse outcomes. Cerebroumbilical ratio balances sensitivity and specificity. Larger multicenter studies are needed to standardize criteria and validate predictive accuracy across disease severity. Fetal Doppler surveillance warrants further research to optimize preeclampsia management.
目的研究子痫前期妇女和血压正常对照组妇女的胎儿多普勒指数与围产期结局之间的关系。方法：采用多普勒测量法：测量子痫前期妇女（50 人）和血压正常对照组妇女（50 人）的大脑中动脉（MCA）搏动指数（PI）、脐动脉（UA）PI 和大脑脐动脉 PI 比值。评估了这些指标与出生体重、分娩时胎龄、1 分钟和 5 分钟阿普加评分的关系。同时还评估了不良结局指数的预测准确性。结果显示在先兆子痫患者中，MCA PI 与出生体重、Apgar 评分和胎龄相关（P<0.05）。UA PI 与所有结果均呈负相关（P<0.05）。脑淤血比率与出生体重和Apgar评分呈正相关，与胎龄和1分钟Apgar呈负相关（P<0.05）。除早产儿外，UA PI 对预测其他结果具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。除死胎外，脑膜比值显示出均衡的敏感性和特异性。结论胎儿多普勒指数为子痫前期的预后提供了有价值的信息。UA PI可能是预测不良预后的最佳指标。脑室比值平衡了敏感性和特异性。需要进行更大规模的多中心研究，以统一标准并验证不同疾病严重程度的预测准确性。胎儿多普勒监测值得进一步研究，以优化子痫前期的管理。
{"title":"Ultrasound Evaluation of the Impact of Disparities of the Pulsatility Indices on Fetal Outcomes in Preeclamptic Pregnancies: A Pilot Study from a Tertiary Hospital in South South Nigeria","authors":"Vivian N Akagbue, E. Ugboma","doi":"10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i04/1866","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the relationships between fetal Doppler indices and perinatal outcomes in women with preeclampsia and normotensive controls. Methods: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery (UA) PI, and cerebroumbilical PI ratio were measured in women with preeclampsia (n=50) and normotensive controls (n=50). Associations with birth weight, gestational age at delivery, and 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were evaluated. Predictive accuracy of indices for adverse outcomes was also assessed. Results: In pre-eclamptics, MCA PI correlated with birth weight, Apgar scores, and gestational age (p<0.05). UA PI correlated negatively with all outcomes (p<0.05). Cerebroumbilical ratio correlated positively with birth weight and Apgar scores, and negatively with gestational age and 1-minute Apgar (p<0.05). UA PI demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for predicting outcomes except prematurity. Cerebroumbilical ratio showed balanced sensitivity and specificity except for stillbirths. Conclusions: Fetal Doppler indices provide valuable prognostic information in preeclampsia. UA PI may be optimal for predicting adverse outcomes. Cerebroumbilical ratio balances sensitivity and specificity. Larger multicenter studies are needed to standardize criteria and validate predictive accuracy across disease severity. Fetal Doppler surveillance warrants further research to optimize preeclampsia management.","PeriodicalId":503777,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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