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Effect of Interest Rate Spread on Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya 利率差对肯尼亚商业银行业绩的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.3.2286
George Ndiritu, Cyrus Iraya, Kennedy O. Okiro, Samuel Nyandemo
The interest rate spread has, over a long time, generated a lot of attentiveness in the banking sector in Kenya. This has been due to the huge gap that prevailed between the deposit rate and the lending rate and its impact on the performance of the banking sector. Thus, the objective of the study is to determine the effect of interest rate spread on the performance of commercial banks in Kenya. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing secondary data from 42 commercial banks in Kenya spanning from 2008 to 2018. A random effects model was used to assess the existence of the causal effect between the two variables. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between interest rate spread and the performance of the banks.
长期以来,肯尼亚银行业一直非常关注利差问题。这是由于存款利率和贷款利率之间存在巨大差距,以及这种差距对银行业业绩的影响。因此,本研究的目的是确定利差对肯尼亚商业银行业绩的影响。研究采用了描述性研究设计,利用了肯尼亚 42 家商业银行 2008 年至 2018 年的二手数据。研究采用随机效应模型来评估两个变量之间是否存在因果效应。研究结果表明,利率差与银行业绩之间存在积极而重要的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Mining Industry: Exploring Perspectives of Host Communities in a Developing Country 采矿业的企业社会责任:探索发展中国家东道国社区的观点
Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.2.2164
G. Amos, Seth Boahen
This paper aims to explore the social and environmental issues that are of priority/importance to the mining host communities in a developing country-Ghana. To explore the social and environmental issues that are of priority/importance to the mining host communities in a developing country, this study used Ghana as a test case and conducted 18 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with respondents drawn from the mining host communities of Prestea and Bogosu. The findings show that members of the host communities–the group deemed to be the most powerful and legitimacy-conferring stakeholder placed pressure (i.e., expectations and/or concerns) on the mining firms that operate in the host communities in terms of their social and environmental performance. Five themes, i.e., general categories, emerged from the data of this study in terms of the social and environmental issues that are of priority/importance to the host communities: a prioritisation of community development projects, environmental/sustainability-related issues, employment of indigenes/local enterprise development, communication of social responsibility information and preservation of local culture and tradition. This study is an exploratory study based on only 18 in-depth, semi-structured interviews, i.e., using purposive sampling. The implication of this study is that because developing countries have similar socioeconomic, cultural, and geopolitical features, the finding of this study may be relevant to researchers and policymakers in developing countries where multinational mining companies (MMCs) operate. Although mining communities’ awareness regarding corporate social responsibility has increased in recent decades, to date, we know little about the social and environmental issues that are of priority/importance to the host communities of mining firms in developing countries.
本文旨在探讨一个发展中国家--加纳--矿业所在社区优先考虑/重视的社会和环境问题。为了探讨发展中国家矿业东道社区优先考虑/重视的社会和环境问题,本研究以加纳为试验案例,对普雷斯塔和博戈苏矿业东道社区的受访者进行了 18 次深入的半结构式访谈。研究结果表明,矿业所在社区的成员--被认为是最强大和最具合法性的利益相关者--对在矿业所在社区运营的矿业公司在社会和环境绩效方面施加了压力(即期望和/或担忧)。就东道社区优先考虑/重视的社会和环境问题而言,本研究的数据产生了五个主题,即一般类别:优先考虑社区发展项目、环境/可持续发展相关问题、当地人就业/当地企业发展、社会责任信息沟通以及保护当地文化和传统。本研究是一项探索性研究,只进行了 18 次深入的半结构式访谈,即采用目的性抽样。本研究的意义在于,由于发展中国家具有相似的社会经济、文化和地缘政治特征,本研究的发现可能与跨国矿业公司(MMC)运营所在的发展中国家的研究人员和政策制定者相关。尽管近几十年来矿业社区对企业社会责任的认识有所提高,但迄今为止,我们对发展中国家矿业公司所在社区优先关注/重视的社会和环境问题知之甚少。
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引用次数: 0
Mediating Role of Customer Relationship Quality between the Customer Value Co-creation Behavior and Customer Loyalty 客户关系质量在客户价值共创行为和客户忠诚度之间的中介作用
Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.2.2131
Adel R. M. Rayan, Ahmed Sayed Mohamed Sbaie, Yasser S. A. Hussien, Hadeer Murad Mabrouk
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of customer relationship quality in mediating the relationship between customer value co-creation behavior and customer loyalty in Egyptian private hospitals and medical centers in Assiut Governorate. The descriptive analytical method was used in the study. 445 of the 500 patients in the sample were collected by a questionnaire, which was valid for statistical analysis. The study’s findings supported the mediating role of customer relationship quality in the relationship between customer value co-creation behavior and customer loyalty. Implications, recommendations, and potential future studies in the subject of study were discussed.
本研究旨在确定客户关系质量在埃及阿西乌特省私立医院和医疗中心客户价值共创行为与客户忠诚度之间的中介作用。研究采用了描述性分析方法。通过问卷调查收集了 500 名样本患者中的 445 人,问卷调查结果对统计分析有效。研究结果支持了客户关系质量在客户价值共创行为与客户忠诚度之间的中介作用。研究还讨论了该研究课题的意义、建议和未来可能开展的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Leveraging up Profitability in the Oil and Gas Industry: Economic Evaluation of the Continuity of Monobore Drilling Well Architecture in PT Pertamina Hulu Indonesia Zone 9 in Structure-X 提高石油天然气行业的盈利能力:对 PT Pertamina Hulu Indonesia 第九区结构-X 中单孔钻井结构连续性的经济评估
Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.2.2206
Alvine W. Tammala, O. Y. Sudrajad
In the context of the high-risk, high-investment oil and gas industry, operational efficiency plays a pivotal role in profitability, making Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) a crucial focal point. In 2021, the oil production downturn in PEP TSS, particularly in the drilling sector, raised concerns about the financial outlook. The condition became tamed after merging with PHSS, which created an opportunity to transfer knowledge from one another. This actually prompts a critical examination of the potential for implementing monobore well architecture, notably in Structure-X. Monobore design, renowned for its cost-effective approach to wellbore design, production, and completion, emerges as a promising avenue for financial recovery for PEP TSS. The research stages encompass a thorough literature review, analysis of primary and secondary data, and quantitative assessments. Assumptions revolve around the cost-effectiveness and performance improvements achievable through monobore, supported by the hypothesis that it can outperform conventional well architecture with a high chance of success findings indicating a mere 14% probability of NPV < 0 and an estimated $0.54 million USD increase in profitability compared to conventional well architecture, suggesting significant potential for financial gains in the industry.
在高风险、高投资的石油天然气行业,运营效率对盈利能力起着举足轻重的作用,因此关键绩效指标(KPI)成为一个重要的焦点。2021 年,PEP TSS 的石油产量下滑,尤其是钻井部门,引发了对财务前景的担忧。与 PHSS 合并后,情况有所缓和,这为相互传授知识创造了机会。这实际上促使我们对实施单孔井结构的潜力进行严格审查,特别是在 Structure-X 中。单井筒设计以其在井筒设计、生产和完井方面的成本效益而闻名,因此成为 PEP TSS 财务回收的一条大有可为的途径。研究阶段包括全面的文献综述、一级和二级数据分析以及定量评估。假设围绕单井筒可实现的成本效益和性能改进,并提出单井筒可超越传统油井结构的假设,成功几率很高。研究结果表明,与传统油井结构相比,净现值小于 0 的概率仅为 14%,利润率估计可增加 54 万美元,这表明该行业的财务收益潜力巨大。
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引用次数: 0
Investment Analysis of New Fire Truck: A Case Study of Purchase or Rent Option 新消防车的投资分析:购买或租赁选择案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2096
Dannys Setyadi Wibawa, Subiakto Sukarno
PKT, as a petrochemical company with high potential hazards, prioritizes emergency preparedness and response by complying with regulations and standards. In addition to serving its own needs, PKT’s fire and rescue department also provides emergency services to four neighboring companies through an annual fee cooperation scheme. To enhance the emergency response services, PKT conducted an evaluation and identified the need for an additional fire truck unit with up-to-date technology. To determine the most suitable option, PKT is considering purchasing or renting the new fire truck units. A financial modeling analysis was conducted using income from health and safety services. The financial feasibility analysis, considering parameters such as NPV, IRR, and discounted payback period, resulted in a feasible outcome. The Purchase option exhibited better economic value, with a predicted NPV of Rp. 569,276,495, an IRR of 11.56% (higher than the discount rate of 10.5%), and a discounted payback period of 9.35 years. Sensitivity analysis, using tornado and spider charts, revealed that the annual fee from clients or joint venture companies had the most significant impact on the project’s financial performance, followed by manpower costs. A 20% increase in annual fees led to a significant increase in NPV Rp. 6,639,013,466, while a 20% decrease resulted in a significant decrease in NPV (−Rp. 5,500,460,477). Similarly, a 20% increase in manpower costs resulted in a decreased NPV of Rp. −3,500,609,667. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the two significant factors influencing the purchase option were identified as the annual fee and manpower cost. Recommendations that are also put forward for this study are identification to anticipate increases in labor costs and to keep manpower costs under control. The increase in manpower costs must be accompanied by an increase in income. Exploring opportunities to attract additional clients, particularly companies in the industrial complex that do not yet have an agreement with PKT, is also advised. By implementing these recommendations and ensuring cost control, PKT can optimize its emergency response services and maintain a financially viable operation.
PKT 作为一家具有高潜在危险性的石化企业,将遵守法规和标准作为应急准备和响应的优先事项。除了满足自身需求外,PKT 的消防和救援部门还通过年费合作计划为周边四家公司提供应急服务。为了加强应急响应服务,PKT 进行了一次评估,确定需要增加一辆配备最新技术的消防车。为了确定最合适的方案,PKT 正在考虑购买或租用新的消防车。利用卫生和安全服务的收入进行了财务模型分析。财务可行性分析考虑了净现值、内部收益率和贴现投资回收期等参数,得出了可行的结果。购买方案表现出更好的经济价值,预测净现值为 569,276,495 印尼盾,内部收益率为 11.56%(高于 10.5%的贴现率),贴现回收期为 9.35 年。利用龙卷风图和蜘蛛图进行的敏感性分析表明,客户或合资公司的年费对项目的财务 业绩影响最大,其次是人力成本。年费增加 20% 会导致净现值大幅增加 6,639,013,466 印尼盾,而减少 20% 则会导致净现值大幅减少(-5,500,460,477 印尼盾)。同样,人力成本增加 20% 会导致净现值减少(-3,500,609,676 印尼盾)。-3,500,609,667.根据敏感性分析,年费和人力成本是影响购买方案的两个重要因素。为本研究提出的建议还包括识别劳动力成本的增长并控制人力成本。在增加人力成本的同时,必须增加收入。此外,还建议探索吸引更多客户的机会,特别是尚未与 PKT 签订协议的工业园区内的公司。通过实施这些建议并确保成本控制,PKT 可以优化其应急响应服务,并保持财务上的可持续运营。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting: A Study of the Views of MNC Subsidiary Managers in an African Context 企业社会责任报告:非洲跨国公司子公司经理的观点研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2165
G. Amos, Jonathan Banahene
There is a general lack of research which directly seeks the views of MNC subsidiary managers about what internal and external pressures they perceive are imposed on them, and how such pressures, in turn, impact their CSR reporting in developing countries. To fill this gap and improve our understanding of CSR reporting practices of MNC subsidiaries, this study aims to investigate how MNC subsidiaries operationalise CSR reporting practices in an African context–Ghana. This study comprises analysis of CSR reports, websites and other publicly-available reports using qualitative data analysis and 15 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with respondents drawn from 8 MNC subsidiaries using legitimacy theory and institutional theory as lenses. The analysis identifies reporting relationships between MNC subsidiary and parent-company (as internal factors), and the supervisory relationships between MNC subsidiaries and local regulatory institutions (as external factors), as factors that induce/sensitise MNC subsidiaries managers to voluntarily disclose social responsibility information. The adoption of voluntary global standards for CSR such as GRI appeared to influence MNC subsidiaries’ CSR reporting practices. Additionally, locally espoused (or ingrained) values/expectations and norms that frown on actions and/or inactions that are deemed not to be socially acceptable corporate behaviours appeared to inform the CSR initiatives that MNC subsidiaries voluntarily disclose in order to acquire a sense of legitimacy. The results of this study have implications for research and practice. Generally speaking, MNC subsidiaries operating in an African context may require more local knowledge and support in relation to social and environmental responsibility. Limitations of this study include limited data available, particularly interviews, which provides opportunity for future research.
目前普遍缺乏直接征求跨国公司子公司经理意见的研究,即他们认为施加给他们的内部和外部压力是什么,以及这些压力反过来如何影响他们在发展中国家的企业社会责任报告。为了填补这一空白,增进我们对跨国公司子公司企业社会责任报告实践的了解,本研究旨在调查跨国公司子公司如何在非洲--加纳--实施企业社会责任报告实践。本研究以合法性理论和制度理论为视角,分析了企业社会责任报告、网站和其他公开发布的报告,并对 8 家跨国公司子公司的受访者进行了 15 次深入的半结构式访谈。分析认为,跨国公司子公司与母公司之间的报告关系(作为内部因素),以及跨国公司子公司与当地监管机构之间的监督关系(作为外部因素),是诱导/促使跨国公司子公司管理者自愿披露社会责任信息的因素。企业社会责任自愿性全球标准(如全球报告倡议组织)的采用似乎影响了跨国公司子公司的企业社会责任报告实践。此外,当地信奉的(或根深蒂固的)价值观/期望和规范,对那些被认为不为社会所接受的企业行为的作为和/或不作为持否定态度,这似乎为跨国公司子公司自愿披露企业社会责任倡议提供了信息,以获得一种合法性。本研究的结果对研究和实践都有影响。一般来说,在非洲开展业务的跨国公司子公司可能需要更多与社会和环境责任相关的当地知识和支持。本研究的局限性包括可用数据有限,尤其是访谈数据,这为今后的研究提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
Does Corporate Sustainability Reporting Influence Financial Performance? Evidence from Kenyan Listed Companies 企业可持续发展报告是否影响财务业绩?肯尼亚上市公司的证据
Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2270
C. K. Masila, W. Nyamute, Kennedy O. Okiro, Moris Irungu
Corporate sustainability reporting is currently a prominent issue in the global business world, with companies worldwide actively publishing sustainability reports to meet the demands of different stakeholders regarding social, environmental, economic, and governance concerns. The existing literature has proved that companies that participate aggressively in corporate sustainability reporting tend to have higher firm value, experience tremendous growth rates in terms of size and profitability, have a high capital and asset base, are lowly geared, and gain a competitive edge in the industry in which they operate. The study examines the link between corporate sustainability reporting and the financial performance of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Corporate governance, social, environmental, and economic pillars were used as indicators of corporate sustainability reporting. The Global Reporting Initiative framework will be employed to establish the corporate sustainability reporting scores and construct the sustainability reporting index. Financial performance was measured by return on assets. The study is anchored on the stakeholder theory supported by legitimacy and the tripled bottom-line theories. The target population comprises sixty-seven companies listed in Kenya. Secondary data was collected from the company integrated reports, published accounts, and the accounts filed with the Nairobi Securities Exchange for the period 2011 to 2020. The study adopted a cross-sectional correlational research design. Descriptive statistical tests carried out include mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness. Correlation analysis was done to test and establish the direction of the relationship between the study variables. Regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses of the study. Generally, the study findings are that corporate sustainability reporting had a significant positive effect on financial performance. The empirical results of this study showed that corporate sustainability reporting led to improved financial performance among listed companies, although sustainability reporting in Kenya was purely voluntary. Therefore, Kenya’s Capital Markets Authority should consider making corporate sustainability reporting compulsory for all listed companies. Further research can be extended to include non-listed companies and the application of other sustainability reporting frameworks.Keywords: Corporate Sustainability Reporting, Financial Performance, Global Reporting Initiative, Nairobi Securities Exchange.
企业可持续发展报告是当前全球商界的一个突出问题,世界各地的公司都在积极发布可持续发展报告,以满足不同利益相关者在社会、环境、经济和治理方面的需求。现有文献证明,积极参与企业可持续发展报告的公司往往拥有更高的公司价值,在规模和盈利能力方面经历巨大的增长率,拥有较高的资本和资产基础,资产负债率较低,并在所处行业中获得竞争优势。本研究探讨了企业可持续发展报告与在内罗毕证券交易所上市的公司财务业绩之间的联系。公司治理、社会、环境和经济支柱被用作公司可持续发展报告的指标。研究将采用全球报告倡议组织框架来确定企业可持续发展报告得分并构建可持续发展报告指数。财务绩效以资产回报率来衡量。本研究以利益相关者理论为基础,辅以合法性和三重底线理论。研究对象包括 67 家在肯尼亚上市的公司。从公司综合报告、公布的账目以及向内罗毕证券交易所提交的 2011 年至 2020 年账目中收集了二手数据。研究采用了横截面相关研究设计。进行的描述性统计测试包括平均值、标准差、峰度和偏度。相关分析用于检验和确定研究变量之间的关系方向。采用回归分析来检验研究假设。总体而言,研究结果表明,企业可持续发展报告对财务业绩有显著的积极影响。本研究的实证结果表明,尽管肯尼亚的可持续发展报告纯属自愿性质,但企业可持续发展报告提高了上市公司的财务业绩。因此,肯尼亚资本市场管理局应考虑强制所有上市公司提交企业可持续发展报告。进一步的研究可以扩展到非上市公司以及其他可持续发展报告框架的应用:企业可持续发展报告、财务业绩、全球报告倡议组织、内罗毕证券交易所。
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引用次数: 0
Strategy Implementation Model for Commercial Banks in a Developing Economy: A Resource-Capability Approach 发展中经济体商业银行的战略实施模式:资源能力法
Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2271
Desalegne Assefa Yegzaw, Getie Andualem Imiru
Extensive research in strategic management has shown that more than half of the business strategies fail to accomplish their intended objectives due to problems with strategy implementation. However, in comparison to strategy formulation, strategy implementation has received insufficient attention both at the theoretical and empirical levels. The objective of the study was to develop a comprehensive model that augments the effectiveness of strategy implementation in the context of a developing economy. A sample of 229 top and middle-level managers of commercial banks was chosen to collect quantitative data, and around 187 (82%) questionnaires were returned. The quantitative data analysis was carried out using structural equation modelling. By operationalizing strategy implementation capability as a second-order reflective-formative construct, the study established an empirically informed strategy implementation model that entails three components, namely, critical strategy implementation-related resources, key elements of strategy implementation capability and strategy implementation performance. The study contributes to the existing knowledge on strategy implementation by expanding the extant strategy implementation frameworks/models to a broad-based and integrative model.
战略管理方面的大量研究表明,半数以上的商业战略由于战略实施方面的问题而未能实现预期目标。然而,与战略制定相比,战略实施在理论和实证层面都没有得到足够的重视。本研究旨在开发一个综合模型,以提高发展中经济体战略实施的有效性。研究选取了 229 位商业银行中高层管理人员作为样本,收集定量数据,共收回约 187 份问卷(占 82%)。定量数据分析采用结构方程模型进行。通过将战略实施能力操作化为二阶反思-形成性构造,该研究建立了一个有实证依据的战略实施模型,该模型包含三个组成部分,即与战略实施相关的关键资源、战略实施能力的关键要素和战略实施绩效。该研究将现有的战略实施框架/模型扩展为一个基础广泛的综合模型,为现有的战略实施知识做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Scenario Planning of Pertamina Patra Niaga Business Strategy to Address the Growth of the Indonesian Electric Vehicle Market Pertamina Patra Niaga 公司应对印尼电动汽车市场增长的业务战略情景规划
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2258
Wawan Sulistyo Dwi Istanto, Sonny Rustiadi
PT Pertamina Patra Niaga is facing an era of energy transition, and one of the biggest phenomena is the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Massive EV adoption will impact Patra Niaga’s future business, and they must prepare a strategy to deal with these changes. This research aims to determine the factors that influence EV adoption in Indonesia and propose strategies that need to be carried out by Patra Niaga. The literature review shows that internal and external factors are very influential in determining Patra Niaga’s strategy. The research design is qualitative, with data obtained from primary sources from interviews and secondary data sources, including industry documents, reports, and journals. Using the scenario planning method with the PESTEL approach, the paper identifies four possible scenarios for the future of EV adoption in Indonesia. The possible scenarios are green tech frontier, policy-driven change, market-led innovation, and stagnant development. Environment analysis conducted both external analysis and internal analysis. The research uses Porter’s Five Forces to identify rivalry among the industry players for external analysis. Meanwhile, the internal analysis uses the use VRIO Framework to identify the competitive advantage of the company and the strength and weakness analysis to determine the opportunities and threats for the company. Finally, the research uses the BCG Matrix to develop a strategy for each scenario. Based on the BCG Matrix, the proposed strategies are to invest more in the EV infrastructure where the scenario is green tech frontier, to invest or divest where the scenario is policy-driven, to keep the EV infrastructure business running where the scenario is market-led innovation, and to s liquidated where the scenario is stagnant development. The chosen strategy is suggested to be implemented based on the probability of occurrence for each of the scenarios within a timeframe from the year 2024 to 2035 by involving various divisions in the company, including marketing, business development, and project leader of the EV division.
PT Pertamina Patra Niaga 正面临能源转型时代,其中最大的现象之一就是电动汽车(EV)的采用。电动汽车的大规模应用将对 Patra Niaga 的未来业务产生影响,因此他们必须制定战略来应对这些变化。本研究旨在确定影响印尼采用电动汽车的因素,并提出 Patra Niaga 需要实施的战略。文献综述显示,内部和外部因素对 Patra Niaga 的战略具有很大的影响力。研究设计为定性研究,数据来源于访谈的第一手资料以及行业文件、报告和期刊等第二手资料。通过使用 PESTEL 方法中的情景规划法,本文确定了印尼未来采用电动汽车的四种可能情景。这四种情景分别是绿色科技前沿、政策驱动变革、市场主导创新和发展停滞。环境分析包括外部分析和内部分析。外部分析采用波特五力分析法来确定行业参与者之间的竞争关系。同时,内部分析使用 VRIO 框架来确定公司的竞争优势,并通过强弱分析来确定公司的机会和威胁。最后,研究使用 BCG 矩阵为每种情景制定战略。根据 BCG 矩阵,建议的战略是:在绿色科技前沿的情景下,加大对电动汽车基础设施的投资;在政策驱动的情景下,进行投资或剥离;在市场主导的创新情景下,保持电动汽车基础设施业务的运行;在发展停滞的情景下,进行清算。建议在 2024 年至 2035 年的时间框架内,通过公司各部门(包括市场营销、业务开发和电动汽车部门的项目负责人)的参与,根据每种情景发生的概率实施所选战略。
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引用次数: 0
Scenario Planning of Pertamina Patra Niaga Business Strategy to Address the Growth of the Indonesian Electric Vehicle Market Pertamina Patra Niaga 公司应对印尼电动汽车市场增长的业务战略情景规划
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.24018/ejbmr.2024.9.1.2258
Wawan Sulistyo Dwi Istanto, Sonny Rustiadi
PT Pertamina Patra Niaga is facing an era of energy transition, and one of the biggest phenomena is the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Massive EV adoption will impact Patra Niaga’s future business, and they must prepare a strategy to deal with these changes. This research aims to determine the factors that influence EV adoption in Indonesia and propose strategies that need to be carried out by Patra Niaga. The literature review shows that internal and external factors are very influential in determining Patra Niaga’s strategy. The research design is qualitative, with data obtained from primary sources from interviews and secondary data sources, including industry documents, reports, and journals. Using the scenario planning method with the PESTEL approach, the paper identifies four possible scenarios for the future of EV adoption in Indonesia. The possible scenarios are green tech frontier, policy-driven change, market-led innovation, and stagnant development. Environment analysis conducted both external analysis and internal analysis. The research uses Porter’s Five Forces to identify rivalry among the industry players for external analysis. Meanwhile, the internal analysis uses the use VRIO Framework to identify the competitive advantage of the company and the strength and weakness analysis to determine the opportunities and threats for the company. Finally, the research uses the BCG Matrix to develop a strategy for each scenario. Based on the BCG Matrix, the proposed strategies are to invest more in the EV infrastructure where the scenario is green tech frontier, to invest or divest where the scenario is policy-driven, to keep the EV infrastructure business running where the scenario is market-led innovation, and to s liquidated where the scenario is stagnant development. The chosen strategy is suggested to be implemented based on the probability of occurrence for each of the scenarios within a timeframe from the year 2024 to 2035 by involving various divisions in the company, including marketing, business development, and project leader of the EV division.
PT Pertamina Patra Niaga 正面临能源转型时代,其中最大的现象之一就是电动汽车(EV)的采用。电动汽车的大规模应用将对 Patra Niaga 的未来业务产生影响,因此他们必须制定战略来应对这些变化。本研究旨在确定影响印尼采用电动汽车的因素,并提出 Patra Niaga 需要实施的战略。文献综述显示,内部和外部因素对 Patra Niaga 的战略具有很大的影响力。研究设计为定性研究,数据来源于访谈的第一手资料以及行业文件、报告和期刊等第二手资料。通过使用 PESTEL 方法中的情景规划法,本文确定了印尼未来采用电动汽车的四种可能情景。这四种情景分别是绿色科技前沿、政策驱动变革、市场主导创新和发展停滞。环境分析包括外部分析和内部分析。外部分析采用波特五力分析法来确定行业参与者之间的竞争关系。同时,内部分析使用 VRIO 框架来确定公司的竞争优势,并通过强弱分析来确定公司的机会和威胁。最后,研究使用 BCG 矩阵为每种情景制定战略。根据 BCG 矩阵,建议的战略是:在绿色科技前沿的情景下,加大对电动汽车基础设施的投资;在政策驱动的情景下,进行投资或剥离;在市场主导的创新情景下,保持电动汽车基础设施业务的运行;在发展停滞的情景下,进行清算。建议在 2024 年至 2035 年的时间框架内,通过公司各部门(包括市场营销、业务开发和电动汽车部门的项目负责人)的参与,根据每种情景发生的概率实施所选战略。
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European Journal of Business and Management Research
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