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Reconstructing the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Muons Measured with the Underground Detector of the Tien Shan High-Altitude Station 重建天山高空站地下探测器测量到的宇宙Μ介子能谱
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600281
M. Yu. Azarkin, M. R. Kirakosyan, O. V. Meshkov, V. A. Ryabov, A. L. Shepetov

Abstract

This paper investigates the performance of the underground detector at the Tien Shan High-Altitude Station for the registration of cosmic muons produced in extensive air showers (EAS) using a simulation with GEANT4. The capability of reconstructing the energy spectrum of EAS muons based on the multiplicity of neutrons produced in interactions of the muons with the detector material and measured with neutron counters was analyzed. The best technique for the reconstruction of the muon energy spectrum is recommended according to the simulation results.

摘要 本文利用GEANT4进行模拟,研究了天山高空站地下探测器的性能,以登记在大范围空气淋雨(EAS)中产生的宇宙μ介子。分析了根据μ介子与探测器材料相互作用时产生的中子的倍率(用中子计数器测量)重建 EAS μ介子能谱的能力。根据模拟结果,推荐了重建μ介子能谱的最佳技术。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Chlorine Introduction on Luminescent Properties of Novel Eu3+ Coordination Compounds with β-Diketones and Unsatured Carboxylic Acids 引入氯对带有 β-二酮类和未成熟羧酸的新型 Eu3+ 配位化合物发光特性的影响
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600232
A. V. Osadchenko, D. S. Daibagya, I. A. Zakharchuk, A. S. Selyukov, S. A. Ambrozevich, A. V. Ryzhov, N. V. Pevtsov, D. N. Pevtsov

Abstract

The paper examines the effect of introducing a chlorine atom into the coordination sphere of a rare earth ion for two novel Eu3+ organometallic compounds. Using spectral and time-resolved measurements, we show that the introduction of a chlorine atom provides a way to achieve a significant increase (from 27 to 36%) in the luminescence efficiency of the studied compounds due to coordination symmetry breaking in the complexes.

摘要 本文研究了在两种新型 Eu3+ 有机金属化合物的稀土离子配位层中引入一个氯原子的效果。通过光谱和时间分辨测量,我们发现引入一个氯原子可以使所研究化合物的发光效率显著提高(从 27% 提高到 36%),这是由于配合物中的配位对称性发生了破坏。
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引用次数: 0
Features of Nonstationary Filtration Combustion Wave Propagation in a Model One-Layer Porous Medium 单层多孔介质模型中的非稳态过滤燃烧波传播特征
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335623601838
R. V. Fursenko, E. S. Odintsov, A. D. Zakharov, A. Yu. Koptev, S. S. Minaev

Abstract

Temperature characteristics of a filtration combustion wave propagating upstream against a fresh mixture in a one-layer porous medium is studied experimentally using thermal imaging. The design of a model porous burner allows one to obtain data on the time evolution of the temperature distribution of the solid phase at the pore scale. It is shown that the macroscale propagation of a flame is accompanied by local distortions of its front and the emergence and movement of hot spots and low-temperature regions at the scale of several pores. The most common pattern of the local dynamic behavior of the filtration combustion wave is identified and described.

摘要 利用热成像技术对单层多孔介质中逆新鲜混合物上游传播的过滤燃烧波的温度特性进行了实验研究。通过设计一个模型多孔燃烧器,可以获得固相温度分布在孔隙尺度上的时间演化数据。研究表明,火焰在宏观尺度上的传播伴随着火焰前沿的局部扭曲,以及若干孔隙尺度上热点和低温区域的出现和移动。确定并描述了过滤燃烧波局部动态行为的最常见模式。
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引用次数: 0
Statistical Properties of the Galactic Magnetic Field in the Dynamo Model with Fluctuations of the Alpha Effect and Turbulent Diffusion 带有阿尔法效应波动和湍流扩散的动力模型中银河系磁场的统计特性
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335623601875
D. A. Grachev, S. A. Elistratov, E. A. Mikhailov

Abstract

Magnetic fields in galaxies are usually originated through the action of a dynamo, which is based on the helicity of turbulent flows (alpha effect) and nonrigid rotation of a galaxy (differential rotation). They are opposed by dissipation, which tends to destroy the regular structures of the field. As a rule, dynamo equations contain averaged turbulence parameters. This approach presents difficulties in the case of galaxies with a highly inhomogeneous interstellar medium, associated, for example, with star formation. One way to solve the problem is to use random coefficients in the field equations. In this case, solutions require separate statistical analysis. This paper examines various statistical moments for the galactic magnetic field within the framework of a model assuming fluctuations of the alpha effect and turbulent diffusion.

摘要星系中的磁场通常是通过动力机的作用产生的,而动力机的作用是基于湍流的螺旋性(阿尔法效应)和星系的非刚性旋转(差动旋转)。它们与耗散相反,耗散往往会破坏场的规则结构。通常,动力方程包含平均湍流参数。如果星系的星际介质高度不均匀,例如与恒星形成有关,这种方法就会遇到困难。解决问题的一种方法是在场方程中使用随机系数。在这种情况下,解决方案需要单独的统计分析。本文在假设阿尔法效应波动和湍流扩散的模型框架内,研究了银河磁场的各种统计矩。
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引用次数: 0
Photonic Quantum Interface between Subcarrier Wave and Polarization Encoding of Photonic Qubits 子载波与光子量子位偏振编码之间的光子量子界面
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600578
K. S. Melnik, E. S. Moiseev, L. R. Gilyazov, S. A. Moiseev

Abstract

We report a theoretical analysis of a photonic quantum interface, which makes it possible to deterministically convert photonic qubits from subcarrier wave to polarization encoding. The interface provides unambiguous conversion of an arbitrary phase of the input signal into the corresponding polarization of the converted radiation. Possibilities of implementing this interface in an integrated optical design and its use in constructing a hybrid quantum network are discussed.

摘要 我们报告了对光子量子接口的理论分析,该接口可将光子量子比特从子载波确定性地转换为偏振编码。该接口可将输入信号的任意相位毫不含糊地转换为转换后辐射的相应偏振。本文讨论了在集成光学设计中实现该接口的可能性,以及它在构建混合量子网络中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Prospects for Using a Pulsed Tm-Doped Fiber Laser for Lithotripsy of Salivary Stones 使用脉冲掺铥光纤激光器对唾液腺结石进行碎石治疗的前景
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600554
Yu. K. Sedova, S. E. Minaev, E. O. Epifanov, D. V. Zhuchkova, S. P. Sysolyatin, V. P. Minaev, V. I. Yusupov, N. V. Minaev

Abstract

Laser lithotripsy using optical fiber to fragment salivary gland stones (sialoliths) is currently one of the most successful methods for treating salivary stone disease. It is important to reduce the fragmentation time of extremely hard salivary stones, which in practice is more than three hours in the case of large stones. We present new approaches to lithotripsy related to the use of radiation from a nanosecond thulium-doped fiber laser at a wavelength of 1.94 μm. The study is performed using gypsum phantoms and sialoliths. Parameters of laser exposure are determined that provide a high rate of lithotripsy without significant heating of surrounding tissues. It is shown that the mechanism of action of nanosecond laser radiation, which is well absorbed in water upon fragmentation of stones, is associated with the burnout of the binding organic material of sialolite and the explosive boiling of water. The results obtained can serve as the basis for the development of new promising medical technology.

摘要 使用光纤进行激光碎石以破碎唾液腺结石(涎石)是目前治疗唾液腺结石病最成功的方法之一。缩短极硬涎腺结石的碎石时间非常重要,实际上,大结石的碎石时间超过三小时。我们介绍了与使用波长为 1.94 μm 的纳秒掺铥光纤激光器辐射有关的碎石新方法。这项研究使用石膏模型和霰石进行。研究确定了激光照射的参数,这些参数既能提供较高的碎石率,又不会明显加热周围组织。结果表明,纳秒激光辐射的作用机理与结合硅藻土的有机物质的燃烧和水的爆炸性沸腾有关。所获得的结果可以作为开发新的有前途的医疗技术的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of Exciton Formation in Planar Nanostructures under the Action of a Quantum Electromagnetic Field under Nonlinearity Conditions 非线性条件下量子电磁场作用下平面纳米结构中的激子形成动力学
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600505
I. A. Tereshchenko, O. V. Tikhonova

Abstract

The features of exciton formation in planar nanostructures under the action of a nonclassical field under the conditions of Kerr phase modulation are analyzed. Excitations of various exciton channels are enhanced or suppressed depending on the nonlinearity magnitude in the system. The possibility of controlling different excitation channels by varying the frequency detuning of the field relative to the resonant transition is demonstrated, and an analytical formula for determining its optimal value is found. The effect of amplification of even excitation channels has been detected, which is caused by correlations of photons under the action of a field in a state of two-mode squeezed vacuum.

摘要 分析了在克尔相位调制条件下,非经典场作用下平面纳米结构中激子形成的特点。各种激子通道的激发会根据系统的非线性大小而增强或抑制。通过改变场相对于共振转变的频率失谐,证明了控制不同激子通道的可能性,并找到了确定其最佳值的解析公式。在双模挤压真空状态下的场作用下,光子的相关性导致了偶数激发通道的放大效应。
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引用次数: 0
Features of High-Power Uni-Traveling-Carrier InGaAs/InP Photodiodes 高功率单向移动载流子 InGaAs/InP 光电二极管的特点
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600542
N. N. Bragin, V. N. Svetogorov, Yu. L. Ryaboshtan, A. A. Marmalyuk, A. V. Ivanov, M. A. Ladugin

Abstract

A comparison is made of conventional pin photodetectors and modern uni-traveling-carrier photodetectors based on InGaAs/InP heterostructures. The differences in the designs of heterostructures of these photodetectors are considered and the resulting features of their functioning are analyzed. It is shown that with comparable photosensitivity, the saturation photocurrent of uni-traveling-carrier photodetectors is approximately four times greater than that in conventional pin photodetectors. Devices with a photosensitive area 40 μm in diameter reach the saturation current at an input optical power of 10–12 and 60–70 mW for pin and uni-traveling-carrier photodetectors, respectively (reverse bias voltage of 5 V).

摘要 比较了传统引脚光电探测器和基于 InGaAs/InP 异质结构的现代单向载流子光电探测器。研究考虑了这些光电探测器异质结构设计上的差异,并分析了由此产生的功能特点。结果表明,在光敏度相当的情况下,单漂移载流子光电探测器的饱和光电流大约是传统引脚光电探测器的四倍。光敏区直径为 40 μm 的器件在输入光功率分别为 10-12 mW 和 60-70 mW 时(反向偏置电压为 5 V),针式光电检测器和单漂移载流子光电检测器都能达到饱和电流。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Laser-Stimulated Heating of Aqueous Suspensions of Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications 氮化钛纳米粒子水悬浮液在生物医学应用中的激光刺激加热研究
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600530
A. A. Bubnov, A. V. Syui, V. Yu. Timoshenko

Abstract

We report an experimental study of optical and photothermal properties of aqueous suspensions of titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles (NPs), exhibiting plasmon resonance in the visible and near-IR spectral regions. Dependences of the rate of photoinduced heating and the value of photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) on the concentration of TiN NPs are obtained for exciting laser wavelengths of 532, 665, and 808 nm. It is found that under irradiation at 808 nm, the PCE is 1.5–2.5 times greater than that under irradiation in the visible range of the spectrum, and for all studied laser wavelengths, an increase in the PCE is observed with increasing NP concentration, reaching a value of 0.55 for an NP concentration on the order of 1 mg/ml under irradiation at a wavelength of 808 nm. The concentration dependence of the PCE is explained by the contribution of multiple scattering in combination with light absorption in ensembles of TiN NPs. The results may be useful for biomedical applications of TiN NPs in the method of local photohyperthermia under multifrequency laser excitation.

摘要 我们报告了对氮化钛(TiN)纳米粒子(NPs)水悬浮液的光学和光热特性的实验研究,这些纳米粒子在可见光和近红外光谱区表现出等离子体共振。在激发激光波长为 532、665 和 808 纳米时,光诱导加热的速率和光热转换效率(PCE)值与氮化钛纳米粒子的浓度有关。研究发现,在 808 纳米波长的照射下,PCE 是可见光谱范围内照射的 1.5-2.5 倍,而且在所有研究的激光波长下,PCE 都随着 NP 浓度的增加而增加,在 808 纳米波长的照射下,当 NP 浓度为 1 毫克/毫升时,PCE 值达到 0.55。PCE 的浓度依赖性是由 TiN NPs 组合中的多重散射和光吸收共同造成的。在多频激光激发下的局部光热疗法中,这些结果可能有助于 TiN NPs 的生物医学应用。
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引用次数: 0
Propagation of Electromagnetic Pulses with a Nonzero Electrical Area in Conducting Media 电面积不为零的电磁脉冲在导电介质中的传播
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.3103/s1068335624600517
A. V. Bogatskaya, E. A. Volkova, A. M. Popov

Abstract

The features of propagation of ultrashort electromagnetic pulses with a nonzero electric area in plasma media are considered. In the framework of the approximation of unidirectional pulse propagation, general solutions of the equation for the electric area of a pulse in a conducting medium with a linear response to an external influence were obtained. The obtained data are compared with the results of calculations of the electric pulse area based on the exact solution of the second-order wave equation.

摘要 研究了电面积不为零的超短电磁脉冲在等离子体介质中的传播特征。在近似单向脉冲传播的框架内,获得了脉冲在导电介质中的电面积方程的一般解,该方程对外部影响具有线性响应。获得的数据与基于二阶波方程精确解的电脉冲面积计算结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute
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