In September 2016, large necrotic lesions were observed on the foliage of several maples in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Symptoms resembled giant leaf blotch disease caused by Pleuroceras pseudoplatani...
{"title":"First report of Pleuroceras pseudoplatani on Acer rubrum, A. griseum, A. saccharinum, A. negundo, A. circinatum and A. macrophyllum in Scotland","authors":"M. Cleary, F. Oskay, J. Rönnberg, S. Woodward","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-022","url":null,"abstract":"In September 2016, large necrotic lesions were observed on the foliage of several maples in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Symptoms resembled giant leaf blotch disease caused by Pleuroceras pseudoplatani...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47218431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of climate on site productivity of white spruce (Picea glauca) plantations were examined. Stem analysis data collected from 93 dominant or co-dominant white spruce trees sampled from 93 plots (1 tree/plot) in even-aged monospecific plantations on 31 sites (three plots/site) in the Canadian boreal forest region of Northern Ontario were used to examine effects of climate on site productivity and to develop stand height models. Site index was used as an estimate of site productivity. Effects of site and climate on site productivity were examined by regressing site index against site and climate variables. The site specific attributes explained 33% of the variability in site index for white spruce. Stand height models were then developed by incorporating climate variables. Climatic effects specifically those of projected increased warming and rainfall on stand height growth were evaluated by predicting stand heights for three randomly selected locations (in eastern, western, and southern Ontario) for ...
{"title":"Analyzing and modelling effects of climate on site productivity of white spruce plantations","authors":"Mahadev Sharma, J. Parton","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-026","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of climate on site productivity of white spruce (Picea glauca) plantations were examined. Stem analysis data collected from 93 dominant or co-dominant white spruce trees sampled from 93 plots (1 tree/plot) in even-aged monospecific plantations on 31 sites (three plots/site) in the Canadian boreal forest region of Northern Ontario were used to examine effects of climate on site productivity and to develop stand height models. Site index was used as an estimate of site productivity. Effects of site and climate on site productivity were examined by regressing site index against site and climate variables. The site specific attributes explained 33% of the variability in site index for white spruce. Stand height models were then developed by incorporating climate variables. Climatic effects specifically those of projected increased warming and rainfall on stand height growth were evaluated by predicting stand heights for three randomly selected locations (in eastern, western, and southern Ontario) for ...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70893185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Oszako, D. Voitka, M. Tkaczyk, N. Keča, L. Belbahri, J. Nowakowska
Silver birch, (Betula pendula), is an important forest tree species in Poland used for afforestation in rural areas and planted in wet forest types to ameliorate excess water. Physiological stress may increase susceptibility of trees to disease and it is hypothesized that insect defoliation can predispose birch to Phytophthora plurivora infection. In order to evaluate the effect of defoliation stress and phytophthora infection, removal of all (100%) or partial (50%) foliage from one-year-old B. pendula seedlings simulating insect damage was carried out in the greenhouse. Inoculation with P. plurivora mycelium at the base of the stem was performed by cutting the bark tissue 5–7 cm above the soil. Stem damage was assessed after 70 days in 2016 and after 365 days (at the end of the next growing season in September 2017) by measuring lesions sizes. We found that B. pendula can serve as a host of the soil-borne pathogen P. plurivora which causes mortality of birch seedlings in Polish nurseries. The results als...
{"title":"Assessment of interactions between defoliation and Phytophthora plurivora stem infections of birch seedlings","authors":"T. Oszako, D. Voitka, M. Tkaczyk, N. Keča, L. Belbahri, J. Nowakowska","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-021","url":null,"abstract":"Silver birch, (Betula pendula), is an important forest tree species in Poland used for afforestation in rural areas and planted in wet forest types to ameliorate excess water. Physiological stress may increase susceptibility of trees to disease and it is hypothesized that insect defoliation can predispose birch to Phytophthora plurivora infection. In order to evaluate the effect of defoliation stress and phytophthora infection, removal of all (100%) or partial (50%) foliage from one-year-old B. pendula seedlings simulating insect damage was carried out in the greenhouse. Inoculation with P. plurivora mycelium at the base of the stem was performed by cutting the bark tissue 5–7 cm above the soil. Stem damage was assessed after 70 days in 2016 and after 365 days (at the end of the next growing season in September 2017) by measuring lesions sizes. We found that B. pendula can serve as a host of the soil-borne pathogen P. plurivora which causes mortality of birch seedlings in Polish nurseries. The results als...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47288315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La maitrise de la vegetation concurrente est essentielle afin que les plantations presentent les rendements escomptes, mais ses effets dependent de son moment d’application. Ainsi, notre objectif etait d’evaluer l’effet, apres 15–20 ans, d’un delai d’application du degagement mecanique par rapport au moment requis selon les procedures operationnelles au Quebec (Canada) pour des plantations de Picea glauca et Picea mariana. Nous avons utilise trois dispositifs experimentaux de reboisement hâtif comprenant les traitements suivants : i) temoin, non degage; ii) degagement mecanique l’annee requise (Requis); iii) degagement mecanique avec un delai d’une annee par rapport a Requis (Requis+1); et, iv) degagement mecanique avec un delai de deux annees (Requis+2). Nos resultats montrent que dans un scenario de reboisement hâtif comprenant un traitement de nettoiement au stade gaulis, il n’y a pas d’impact significatif sur la croissance a retarder l’application d’un degagement mecanique jusqu’a deux annees apres le...
{"title":"Résultats d’un délai d’application du dégagement mécanique en plantations d’épinettes blanche et noire dans un scénario de reboisement hâtif","authors":"Urlipar Morgane, BarretteMartin, LeducAlain, ThiffaultNelson","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-027","url":null,"abstract":"La maitrise de la vegetation concurrente est essentielle afin que les plantations presentent les rendements escomptes, mais ses effets dependent de son moment d’application. Ainsi, notre objectif etait d’evaluer l’effet, apres 15–20 ans, d’un delai d’application du degagement mecanique par rapport au moment requis selon les procedures operationnelles au Quebec (Canada) pour des plantations de Picea glauca et Picea mariana. Nous avons utilise trois dispositifs experimentaux de reboisement hâtif comprenant les traitements suivants : i) temoin, non degage; ii) degagement mecanique l’annee requise (Requis); iii) degagement mecanique avec un delai d’une annee par rapport a Requis (Requis+1); et, iv) degagement mecanique avec un delai de deux annees (Requis+2). Nos resultats montrent que dans un scenario de reboisement hâtif comprenant un traitement de nettoiement au stade gaulis, il n’y a pas d’impact significatif sur la croissance a retarder l’application d’un degagement mecanique jusqu’a deux annees apres le...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46667163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As international communities and economies become increasingly inter-connected, introductions of non-native species have the potential to increase in frequency. With more and more real-world examples demonstrating the ecological and economic impacts that invasive non-native species can have, governments around the globe are becoming increasingly aware that action is necessary to address these threats. This paper reviews some of the key actions that Ontario has recently undertaken to tackle the invasive species issue, including implementing the Ontario Invasive Species Strategic Plan, and putting into force the Invasive Species Act. For this special issue on forest pathogens, several invasive pathogens of concern in Ontario are highlighted, with a brief discussion of how these new provincial policies could play a role in protecting forest health moving forward.
{"title":"Invasive species in Ontario: The threat, the strategy, and the law","authors":"NienhuisSarah, WilsonRichard","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-015","url":null,"abstract":"As international communities and economies become increasingly inter-connected, introductions of non-native species have the potential to increase in frequency. With more and more real-world examples demonstrating the ecological and economic impacts that invasive non-native species can have, governments around the globe are becoming increasingly aware that action is necessary to address these threats. This paper reviews some of the key actions that Ontario has recently undertaken to tackle the invasive species issue, including implementing the Ontario Invasive Species Strategic Plan, and putting into force the Invasive Species Act. For this special issue on forest pathogens, several invasive pathogens of concern in Ontario are highlighted, with a brief discussion of how these new provincial policies could play a role in protecting forest health moving forward.","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42501070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of genetics on the level of damage caused by Lophodermium needle cast to Scots pine was assessed in an openpollinated progeny trial (226 families from 12 provenances) and in a control-cr...
{"title":"Damage caused by Lophodermium needle cast in open-pollinated and control-crossed progeny trials of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)","authors":"NeimaneUna, PolmanisKaspars, ZaļumaAstra, KļaviņaDārta, GaitnieksTālis, JansonsĀris","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-024","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of genetics on the level of damage caused by Lophodermium needle cast to Scots pine was assessed in an openpollinated progeny trial (226 families from 12 provenances) and in a control-cr...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shoot blight, canker, and collar rot diseases caused by the fungus Diplodia sapinea damage red pine (Pinus resinosa) seedlings in forest tree nurseries in the northcentral USA. Application of fungicides, including the methyl benzimidazole carbamate chemical thiophanate-methyl (TM), have been used to reduce disease incidence. But because Diplodia sapinea is known to persist on or in asysmptomatic seedlings in sprayed beds and to subsequently proliferate and kill outplanted seedlings, we tested the effects of various concentrations of TM on D. sapinea in vitro.Mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) was greatly inhibited at concentrations of ≥ 1 μg TM ml-1. However, frequencies of conidial germination on water agar (WA) were not reduced even at 1000 μg TM ml-1 (compared to those on non-amended WA). Although exposure to concentrations ≥ 1 μg TM ml-1 in WA resulted in deformed germ tubes and hyphae, colonies resulting from germination and growth for four hours on WA amended with up to 1000 μg TM ml-1 re...
{"title":"Sublethal effects of the methyl benzimidazole carbamate \"fungicide\" thiophanate-methyl applied to prevent Diplodia shoot blight of pines.","authors":"Denise R. Smith, G. Stanosz","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-016","url":null,"abstract":"Shoot blight, canker, and collar rot diseases caused by the fungus Diplodia sapinea damage red pine (Pinus resinosa) seedlings in forest tree nurseries in the northcentral USA. Application of fungicides, including the methyl benzimidazole carbamate chemical thiophanate-methyl (TM), have been used to reduce disease incidence. But because Diplodia sapinea is known to persist on or in asysmptomatic seedlings in sprayed beds and to subsequently proliferate and kill outplanted seedlings, we tested the effects of various concentrations of TM on D. sapinea in vitro.Mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) was greatly inhibited at concentrations of ≥ 1 μg TM ml-1. However, frequencies of conidial germination on water agar (WA) were not reduced even at 1000 μg TM ml-1 (compared to those on non-amended WA). Although exposure to concentrations ≥ 1 μg TM ml-1 in WA resulted in deformed germ tubes and hyphae, colonies resulting from germination and growth for four hours on WA amended with up to 1000 μg TM ml-1 re...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46077855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twenty-one isolates of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) of 15 different species were tested in vitro for mycelial growth and spore germination against two isolates each of Fusarium oxysporum and ...
{"title":"In vitro antagonism of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi against Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides","authors":"J. Suárez, J. Pajares, J. Diez","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-018","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-one isolates of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) of 15 different species were tested in vitro for mycelial growth and spore germination against two isolates each of Fusarium oxysporum and ...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44946250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Old growth forests (OGF) represent ecological continuity and are rich in biodiversity. These unique landscapes are becoming increasingly rare in Canada, especially within the Acadian Forest Region that covers the Maritime Provinces. Less than 1% of the total forest cover in these provinces is OGF — this is drastically lower than the 55% represented in British Columbia’s Temperate Coastal Rainforest. The authors of this paper conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of old forest policies and regulatory frameworks in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and British Columbia to offer recommendations for improving the conservation and stewardship of OGF in the Maritimes. The analysis revealed that in Nova Scotia there is a strong old forest policy underpinned by a quantitative scoresheet, coordinator, and database. In New Brunswick and Nova Scotia the conservation targets are up to 8% on Crown land, but neither have a regulatory framework nor have evidence of achieving these targets. British Columbia has integra...
{"title":"Old forest policy and regulatory frameworks in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick with a comparison to British Columbia","authors":"BerryAmy, LaversAmanda, MitchellLisa","doi":"10.5558/TFC2018-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5558/TFC2018-003","url":null,"abstract":"Old growth forests (OGF) represent ecological continuity and are rich in biodiversity. These unique landscapes are becoming increasingly rare in Canada, especially within the Acadian Forest Region that covers the Maritime Provinces. Less than 1% of the total forest cover in these provinces is OGF — this is drastically lower than the 55% represented in British Columbia’s Temperate Coastal Rainforest. The authors of this paper conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of old forest policies and regulatory frameworks in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and British Columbia to offer recommendations for improving the conservation and stewardship of OGF in the Maritimes. The analysis revealed that in Nova Scotia there is a strong old forest policy underpinned by a quantitative scoresheet, coordinator, and database. In New Brunswick and Nova Scotia the conservation targets are up to 8% on Crown land, but neither have a regulatory framework nor have evidence of achieving these targets. British Columbia has integra...","PeriodicalId":50433,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Chronicle","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5558/TFC2018-003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49434524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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