Abstract. Sexual dimorphism in the size and shape of the Sardinian cave salamander (Atylodes genei) was analysed using morphometric measurements. Males and females are roughly equal in body size (mean snout-vent length SVL: 53.8 and 53.4 mm, respectively) but differed in body shape. Relative to their SVL, males had comparatively larger heads, longer limbs and tails than females, which agrees with patterns of sexual dimorphism in other closely related species. This suggests the existence of phylogenetic conservatism in sexual differences in body shape. The lack of dimorphism in body size could be an ancestral trait in Atylodes genei.
{"title":"Sexual dimorphism in the endemic Sardinian cave salamander (Atylodes genei)","authors":"F. Amat, Xavier Rivera, A. Romano, G. Sotgiu","doi":"10.25225/fozo.047.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.047.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Sexual dimorphism in the size and shape of the Sardinian cave salamander (Atylodes genei) was analysed using morphometric measurements. Males and females are roughly equal in body size (mean snout-vent length SVL: 53.8 and 53.4 mm, respectively) but differed in body shape. Relative to their SVL, males had comparatively larger heads, longer limbs and tails than females, which agrees with patterns of sexual dimorphism in other closely related species. This suggests the existence of phylogenetic conservatism in sexual differences in body shape. The lack of dimorphism in body size could be an ancestral trait in Atylodes genei.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"13 1","pages":"11 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88894656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Han, D. Blank, Muyang Wang, Weikang Yang, A. Silva, Joana Alves
Abstract. A study on group size and composition in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) was conducted in the Eastern Tien-Shan Mountains. We found that small groups (1-5 individuals) were most common for this species. Generally, mixed-sex groups were larger than male and female groups. Since males have more ability for fiber digestion, because of their larger body size than females, they are less selective in food quality. Due to this, males gathered into larger single-sex groups in August-September, when forage was at its maximal biomass, and into smaller groups when the amount of food was limited (winter-early-spring). During birthing period, pregnant females typically separated from groups to give birth, returning to the female groups in May-June, when high-quality food was at its maximal availability, making female groups largest in this period. Similar to other sexually dimorphic species, Siberian ibex females and males stayed together in mixed-sex groups during rutting season, demonstrating sexual segregation outside of the rutting season, particularly during summer. Nevertheless, there are still a significant number of males and females that stay in mixed-sex groups throughout the year. In conclusion, the grouping pattern and social organization of Siberian ibex were closely correlated to the availability and quality of their food supply and yearly breeding cycle. Accordingly, Siberian ibexes changed their feeding strategy: being mixed feeders they behaved similar to concentrate selectors when food was scant and preferred small sized groups; while they enlarged their group sizes during seasons when the enriching of forage conditions allowed them to do that. However, group enlarging happened in different months depending on group typology (i.e. mixed-sex, male or female groups) depending on the feeding strategy of their individuals.
{"title":"Grouping patterns and social organization in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica): feeding strategy matters","authors":"Lei Han, D. Blank, Muyang Wang, Weikang Yang, A. Silva, Joana Alves","doi":"10.25225/fozo.065.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.065.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A study on group size and composition in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) was conducted in the Eastern Tien-Shan Mountains. We found that small groups (1-5 individuals) were most common for this species. Generally, mixed-sex groups were larger than male and female groups. Since males have more ability for fiber digestion, because of their larger body size than females, they are less selective in food quality. Due to this, males gathered into larger single-sex groups in August-September, when forage was at its maximal biomass, and into smaller groups when the amount of food was limited (winter-early-spring). During birthing period, pregnant females typically separated from groups to give birth, returning to the female groups in May-June, when high-quality food was at its maximal availability, making female groups largest in this period. Similar to other sexually dimorphic species, Siberian ibex females and males stayed together in mixed-sex groups during rutting season, demonstrating sexual segregation outside of the rutting season, particularly during summer. Nevertheless, there are still a significant number of males and females that stay in mixed-sex groups throughout the year. In conclusion, the grouping pattern and social organization of Siberian ibex were closely correlated to the availability and quality of their food supply and yearly breeding cycle. Accordingly, Siberian ibexes changed their feeding strategy: being mixed feeders they behaved similar to concentrate selectors when food was scant and preferred small sized groups; while they enlarged their group sizes during seasons when the enriching of forage conditions allowed them to do that. However, group enlarging happened in different months depending on group typology (i.e. mixed-sex, male or female groups) depending on the feeding strategy of their individuals.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"1 1","pages":"35 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90932724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The phylogeographic analyses of the common hamster revealed the existence of five mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages. However, the analyses did not include Ukraine and the area outside Carpathian arch located in Romania that is important for the species as presumably refugial territory. We investigated both areas and described phylogeographic relationships of the populations on the basis of a partial cytochrome b (cytb, 904 bp) region of the mtDNA. Haplotype network and gene tree analyses did not produce a clear phylogeographic pattern for investigated territories that is typical for refugial populations. The highest diversity was found at the left bank of the River Dnieper and the area was called the Dnieper Lowland Refugial Area. Moreover only three from five described phylogeographic lineages (North, Pannonia and Caucasus) were fully separate on the network and gene trees. The haplotypes of other two lineages described previously from Eastern Europe (E1 and E0 lineages) mixed together with haplotypes from Ukraine and Moldovian Plateau. This study highlights the need for a re-examination of the phylogeography divisions of the common hamster.
{"title":"Filling the gap: the common hamster, Cricetus cricetus, phylogeography – a case study of Ukraine as potential refugial area","authors":"Zofia Korbut, M. Rusin, K. Neumann, A. Banaszek","doi":"10.25225/fozo.068.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.068.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The phylogeographic analyses of the common hamster revealed the existence of five mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages. However, the analyses did not include Ukraine and the area outside Carpathian arch located in Romania that is important for the species as presumably refugial territory. We investigated both areas and described phylogeographic relationships of the populations on the basis of a partial cytochrome b (cytb, 904 bp) region of the mtDNA. Haplotype network and gene tree analyses did not produce a clear phylogeographic pattern for investigated territories that is typical for refugial populations. The highest diversity was found at the left bank of the River Dnieper and the area was called the Dnieper Lowland Refugial Area. Moreover only three from five described phylogeographic lineages (North, Pannonia and Caucasus) were fully separate on the network and gene trees. The haplotypes of other two lineages described previously from Eastern Europe (E1 and E0 lineages) mixed together with haplotypes from Ukraine and Moldovian Plateau. This study highlights the need for a re-examination of the phylogeography divisions of the common hamster.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"21 1","pages":"48 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88553407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Pasquale, O. Dondina, Elisa Scancarello, A. Meriggi
Abstract. In the last decades European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) expanded its range, recolonizing also highly anthropized areas. In northern Italy this species recently reached the Po Plain, suggesting the possibility for the future settlement of a metapopulation in the whole plain. In this process, a key role may be played by internal source areas, such as Ticino Natural Park, where roe deer was reintroduced in 1990s. We carried out drive counts and surveys in a sample area of Ticino NP, in order to investigate about the current status of this population. Population Viability Analysis (PVA) was applied to infer about the population viability and its potentiality as source for dispersals. Our results showed a high-density population (30.7 ± 4.1 individuals per km2), with quite low proportion of juveniles (10.7 %), litter size (1.35 fawns/mother) and proportion of successful breeding females (24.6 %). Considering the high density of this population, its low productivity is most likely due to the onset of density-dependent factors and the approach to the carrying capacity. Neverthless, the PVA showed that in the next 30 years this population is likely to remain viable, representing an important potential source for a roe deer expansion in the fragmented lowland area of northern Italy.
{"title":"Long-term viability of a reintroduced population of roe deer Capreolus capreolus, in a lowland area of northern Italy","authors":"D. Pasquale, O. Dondina, Elisa Scancarello, A. Meriggi","doi":"10.25225/fozo.045.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.045.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the last decades European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) expanded its range, recolonizing also highly anthropized areas. In northern Italy this species recently reached the Po Plain, suggesting the possibility for the future settlement of a metapopulation in the whole plain. In this process, a key role may be played by internal source areas, such as Ticino Natural Park, where roe deer was reintroduced in 1990s. We carried out drive counts and surveys in a sample area of Ticino NP, in order to investigate about the current status of this population. Population Viability Analysis (PVA) was applied to infer about the population viability and its potentiality as source for dispersals. Our results showed a high-density population (30.7 ± 4.1 individuals per km2), with quite low proportion of juveniles (10.7 %), litter size (1.35 fawns/mother) and proportion of successful breeding females (24.6 %). Considering the high density of this population, its low productivity is most likely due to the onset of density-dependent factors and the approach to the carrying capacity. Neverthless, the PVA showed that in the next 30 years this population is likely to remain viable, representing an important potential source for a roe deer expansion in the fragmented lowland area of northern Italy.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"63 1","pages":"20 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74589737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Invasive alien species, once introduced, may affect local biodiversity, both directly (e.g. by predation) and indirectly (e.g. by reducing the vegetation cover). Among those, rats (Rodentia, Muridae) are listed among the most invasive species, exerting strong impacts particularly when introduced to island ecosystems. Accordingly, black rats Rattus rattus have been eradicated from a number of islands in the Mediterranean basin to protect breeding seabirds. Where the larger Norway rat Rattus norvegicus is present, extent of damage may be even higher. In our work, we present the results of the first eradication program dealing with Norway rats in a small Mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Sicily, Southern Italy). The eradication took place in 2007-2008 and, since then, no rat has been observed on the island, thus proving the success of the management action. Vegetal cover increased on the island after rat eradication. Furthermore, the Sardinian warbler and the blackbird started to breed on the island.
摘要外来入侵物种一旦引入，可能会直接(例如通过捕食)和间接(例如通过减少植被覆盖)影响当地的生物多样性。其中，大鼠(啮齿目，鼠科)被列为最具入侵性的物种之一，特别是被引入岛屿生态系统时，会产生强烈的影响。因此，为了保护正在繁殖的海鸟，黑鼠(Rattus Rattus)已经从地中海盆地的一些岛屿上被消灭。在体型较大的挪威鼠褐家鼠存在的地方，损害的程度可能更高。在我们的工作中，我们介绍了在地中海小岛(Isola delle Femmine，意大利南部西西里岛)处理挪威鼠的第一个根除计划的结果。灭鼠工作于2007-2008年进行，从那时起，在岛上没有观察到老鼠，从而证明了管理行动的成功。消灭老鼠后，岛上的植被增加了。此外，撒丁岛莺和黑鹂开始在岛上繁殖。
{"title":"First successful eradication of invasive Norway rats Rattus norvegicus from a small Mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Italy)","authors":"D. Canale, V. D. Dio, B. Massa, E. Mori","doi":"10.25225/fozo.060.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.060.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Invasive alien species, once introduced, may affect local biodiversity, both directly (e.g. by predation) and indirectly (e.g. by reducing the vegetation cover). Among those, rats (Rodentia, Muridae) are listed among the most invasive species, exerting strong impacts particularly when introduced to island ecosystems. Accordingly, black rats Rattus rattus have been eradicated from a number of islands in the Mediterranean basin to protect breeding seabirds. Where the larger Norway rat Rattus norvegicus is present, extent of damage may be even higher. In our work, we present the results of the first eradication program dealing with Norway rats in a small Mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Sicily, Southern Italy). The eradication took place in 2007-2008 and, since then, no rat has been observed on the island, thus proving the success of the management action. Vegetal cover increased on the island after rat eradication. Furthermore, the Sardinian warbler and the blackbird started to breed on the island.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"46 1","pages":"29 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81796883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. A water vole Arvicola amphibius population inhabiting midfield ponds was studied by live-trapping, radio-telemetry and with camera traps. Within the midfield ponds, water voles did not prefer any particular type of littoral vegetation and avoided open water areas within the ponds. The mean distance of daily movements was 118 m for males and 53 m for females. The maximum distance between two locations of a radio-tracked individual within its home range during the whole study period was 450 m. Water vole movements between the studied ponds were very limited. Most of the hiding places were located in the areas around ponds. Water voles were active mostly during the night.
{"title":"Space use, habitat selection and daily activity of water voles Arvicola amphibius co-occurring with the invasive American mink Neovison vison","authors":"M. Brzeziński, Jan Jedlikowski, Ewa Komar","doi":"10.25225/fozo.040.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.040.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A water vole Arvicola amphibius population inhabiting midfield ponds was studied by live-trapping, radio-telemetry and with camera traps. Within the midfield ponds, water voles did not prefer any particular type of littoral vegetation and avoided open water areas within the ponds. The mean distance of daily movements was 118 m for males and 53 m for females. The maximum distance between two locations of a radio-tracked individual within its home range during the whole study period was 450 m. Water vole movements between the studied ponds were very limited. Most of the hiding places were located in the areas around ponds. Water voles were active mostly during the night.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"31 1","pages":"21 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90319076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Zapletal, M. Andreas, Z. Adámek, J. Špaček, L. Mikl, J. Mareš
Abstract. Oxbow lakes are specialised standing water bodies that often support unique macrophyte and animal communities. Between 2015 and 2016, we assessed the diet composition of adult rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) in one such macrophyte-rich lake. Over 2016, we also undertook a series of feeding behaviour tests under artificial conditions, the aim being to assess whether adult rudd represent a threat to the endangered sharp-leaved pondweed (Potamogeton acutifolius). In total, we examined 100 digestive tracts of rudd feeding under natural conditions and 100 from rudd feeding under artificial conditions. Our results show that i) P. acutifolius is deliberately consumed by rudd, and ii) pondweeds, periphyton and invertebrates were the dominant dietary components in the diet. A reluctance to consume cleaned P. acutifolius suggests a link with periphyton and invertebrate consumption. While rudd clearly consume P. acutifolius, we found no evidence of any negative impact on either pondweed development or on the macrophyte community as a whole.
{"title":"Endangered aquatic macrophytes in the diet of rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus)","authors":"T. Zapletal, M. Andreas, Z. Adámek, J. Špaček, L. Mikl, J. Mareš","doi":"10.25225/fozo.066.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.066.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Oxbow lakes are specialised standing water bodies that often support unique macrophyte and animal communities. Between 2015 and 2016, we assessed the diet composition of adult rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) in one such macrophyte-rich lake. Over 2016, we also undertook a series of feeding behaviour tests under artificial conditions, the aim being to assess whether adult rudd represent a threat to the endangered sharp-leaved pondweed (Potamogeton acutifolius). In total, we examined 100 digestive tracts of rudd feeding under natural conditions and 100 from rudd feeding under artificial conditions. Our results show that i) P. acutifolius is deliberately consumed by rudd, and ii) pondweeds, periphyton and invertebrates were the dominant dietary components in the diet. A reluctance to consume cleaned P. acutifolius suggests a link with periphyton and invertebrate consumption. While rudd clearly consume P. acutifolius, we found no evidence of any negative impact on either pondweed development or on the macrophyte community as a whole.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90083745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Earthworms are an important food resource for a large number of mammals and one of the most largely used method to assess their contribution to mammals' diet is the search for chaetae in faecal samples. Nevertheless, the observation and the identification of these bristles often require properly trained operators and suitable instruments, since their detection can be difficult and time-consuming. We tested the “standard” method for chaetae detection by washing 1046 scats – belonging to four mammal species of the Western Italian Alps (Vulpes vulpes, Martes spp., Lutra lutra, Sus scrofa) – through three sieves differing in mesh size (1.00, 0.54 and 0.21 mm). Mesh size significantly affected the detection of earthworm chaetae, suggesting that the use of three sieves should be recommended in faecal analyses. Moreover, both earthworm size and mean number of chaetae per individual should be assessed in each study area prior to diet analysis.
摘要蚯蚓是许多哺乳动物的重要食物来源，评估蚯蚓对哺乳动物饮食贡献的最常用方法之一是在粪便样本中寻找毛纲。然而，观察和识别这些刚毛通常需要经过适当培训的操作人员和合适的仪器，因为它们的检测可能是困难和耗时的。我们测试了毛纲检测的“标准”方法，通过三种不同网目大小(1.00,0.54和0.21 mm)的筛子洗涤1046种属于意大利西部阿尔卑斯山脉的四种哺乳动物(Vulpes Vulpes, Martes spp.， Lutra Lutra, Sus scrofa)。筛孔大小对蚯蚓毛囊的检测有显著影响，建议在粪便分析中推荐使用三筛。此外，在饮食分析之前，应评估每个研究区域的蚯蚓大小和每个个体的平均毛纲数量。
{"title":"Detection of earthworm chaetae in mammal faeces: methodological implications","authors":"A. Battisti, D. Giuliano, A. Balestrieri","doi":"10.25225/fozo.075.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.075.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Earthworms are an important food resource for a large number of mammals and one of the most largely used method to assess their contribution to mammals' diet is the search for chaetae in faecal samples. Nevertheless, the observation and the identification of these bristles often require properly trained operators and suitable instruments, since their detection can be difficult and time-consuming. We tested the “standard” method for chaetae detection by washing 1046 scats – belonging to four mammal species of the Western Italian Alps (Vulpes vulpes, Martes spp., Lutra lutra, Sus scrofa) – through three sieves differing in mesh size (1.00, 0.54 and 0.21 mm). Mesh size significantly affected the detection of earthworm chaetae, suggesting that the use of three sieves should be recommended in faecal analyses. Moreover, both earthworm size and mean number of chaetae per individual should be assessed in each study area prior to diet analysis.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"44 1","pages":"43 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72386196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Bryja, Y. Meheretu, R. Šumbera, L. Lavrenchenko
Abstract. We provide an annotated checklist of rodents of Ethiopia. For each species we show a distributional map based on critically revised data from: (1) published literature; (2) museum collections, including records in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF); and (3) recent field surveys performed in the last three decades as part of the Joint Ethio-Russian Biological Expedition (JERBE) and Ethio-Czech Research Projects. In most cases recent material was analysed in detail using genetic and/or morphometric approaches. In total, the Ethiopian rodent fauna consists of 104 species (40 genera, 10 families). Compared to previous studies we were not able to confirm the presence of 12 species, probably due to a lack of data from arid lowland areas, though some of these species may be extinct. We report the occurrence of > 40 species not previously included in a checklist published in 1996 (with many species still requiring formal description). Of the total number of species recorded, a high proportion are endemics of Ethiopian Highlands (43 species = 41.3 %), followed by those living in Somali-Masai (27) and Sudanian (13) savanna. The checklist confirms an unusually high level of Ethiopian rodent biodiversity, which should serve as a basis for conservation.
{"title":"Annotated checklist, taxonomy and distribution of rodents in Ethiopia","authors":"J. Bryja, Y. Meheretu, R. Šumbera, L. Lavrenchenko","doi":"10.25225/fozo.030.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25225/fozo.030.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We provide an annotated checklist of rodents of Ethiopia. For each species we show a distributional map based on critically revised data from: (1) published literature; (2) museum collections, including records in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF); and (3) recent field surveys performed in the last three decades as part of the Joint Ethio-Russian Biological Expedition (JERBE) and Ethio-Czech Research Projects. In most cases recent material was analysed in detail using genetic and/or morphometric approaches. In total, the Ethiopian rodent fauna consists of 104 species (40 genera, 10 families). Compared to previous studies we were not able to confirm the presence of 12 species, probably due to a lack of data from arid lowland areas, though some of these species may be extinct. We report the occurrence of > 40 species not previously included in a checklist published in 1996 (with many species still requiring formal description). Of the total number of species recorded, a high proportion are endemics of Ethiopian Highlands (43 species = 41.3 %), followed by those living in Somali-Masai (27) and Sudanian (13) savanna. The checklist confirms an unusually high level of Ethiopian rodent biodiversity, which should serve as a basis for conservation.","PeriodicalId":50436,"journal":{"name":"Folia Zoologica","volume":"3 1","pages":"117 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78859163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v67.i3-4.a9.2018
Vipin, Vinita Sharma, S. Gupta, C. Sharma, K. Sankar, S. Goyal
Abstract. We developed a protocol which determines age in spotted deer, Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777) through cementum layers in the tooth which is economical and requires lesser time (±19 hours). The permanent first incisor teeth from mandibles of known estimated ages (2, 4, 5, 8 and 9 years) were ground longitudinally on median plane on a set of sandpapers with hand to a thickness of around 57 μm, decalcified, stained with hematoxylin, differentiated in acid alcohol and mounted on a glass slide and count cementum layers under microscope at 100 or 200× magnification. Presence of 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8 cementum layers was observed for the tooth of ages of 2, 4, 5, 8 and 9 years, respectively. The final age in the year was calculated by adding one to the counted number of cementum layer. Our results were in compliance with the pre-estimated age of the mandibles. This suggested protocol saves time and money and is easy to perform with minimum requirements. The technique was validated using “blind” duplicate test (n = 2) and the first molar tooth of known estimated age (n = 1). Our suggested protocol has significant relevance for estimating the age of other animals and wildlife forensics.
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