Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4298
Umar I., Malgwi A. M., Mamman A.
Solutions to problems of pests ravaging man’s crops abound in nature and are known to be quite soft on the environment. Extracts of leaves of Newbouldia laevis were assayed for activity against the rootknot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. The treatments which included the crude extract, 5 ml and 10 ml dilutions and Control as distilled water were used both in the laboratory and field experiments. Twelve petridishes containing 1000 nematode eggs and another 12 petridishes containing 1000 juveniles were each treated with the extracts and arranged in complete randomized design. Results showed the crude extract was the most effective in reducing the hatching of M. javanica eggs (90.33%) and caused greater mortality of juveniles (93.10%) than all other treatments. In the field experiment, twelve 2 m x 2 m-sized prepared plots were transplanted with nine three week old seedlings of ‘Eggplant cv Yar Bello’ into holes drenched with 10 ml of appropriate treatment. Ten ml of these treatments were drenched into soil around the plants weekly for eight weeks. Result showed that the crude extract performed better than other treatments in all parameters some of which included plant height (112.77 cm in 2017; 113.33 cm in 2018), number of leaves (120.00 in 2017; 120.77 in 2018), number of fruits (35.44 in 2017; 35.88 in 2018), fruit weight (73.81g in 2017; 74.44 g in 2018), yield (58.70 tons/ha in 2017;59.94 tons/ha in 2018), final nematode population (159.66 in 2017; 149.26 in 2018) and reproduction factor (0.42 in 2017; 0.39 in 2018). In conclusion, extract of N. laevis particularly the crude extract shows potential for managing M. javanica and allowing for profitable cultivation of ‘Eggplant cv Yar Bello’.
{"title":"Nematicidal Activity of Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Seem. Leaf Extract Against Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica (Treub.) Chitwood on Eggplant (Solanum spp.) in Jalingo, Nigeria","authors":"Umar I., Malgwi A. M., Mamman A.","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4298","url":null,"abstract":"Solutions to problems of pests ravaging man’s crops abound in nature and are known to be quite soft on the environment. Extracts of leaves of Newbouldia laevis were assayed for activity against the rootknot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. The treatments which included the crude extract, 5 ml and 10 ml dilutions and Control as distilled water were used both in the laboratory and field experiments. Twelve petridishes containing 1000 nematode eggs and another 12 petridishes containing 1000 juveniles were each treated with the extracts and arranged in complete randomized design. Results showed the crude extract was the most effective in reducing the hatching of M. javanica eggs (90.33%) and caused greater mortality of juveniles (93.10%) than all other treatments. In the field experiment, twelve 2 m x 2 m-sized prepared plots were transplanted with nine three week old seedlings of ‘Eggplant cv Yar Bello’ into holes drenched with 10 ml of appropriate treatment. Ten ml of these treatments were drenched into soil around the plants weekly for eight weeks. Result showed that the crude extract performed better than other treatments in all parameters some of which included plant height (112.77 cm in 2017; 113.33 cm in 2018), number of leaves (120.00 in 2017; 120.77 in 2018), number of fruits (35.44 in 2017; 35.88 in 2018), fruit weight (73.81g in 2017; 74.44 g in 2018), yield (58.70 tons/ha in 2017;59.94 tons/ha in 2018), final nematode population (159.66 in 2017; 149.26 in 2018) and reproduction factor (0.42 in 2017; 0.39 in 2018). In conclusion, extract of N. laevis particularly the crude extract shows potential for managing M. javanica and allowing for profitable cultivation of ‘Eggplant cv Yar Bello’.","PeriodicalId":504412,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4297
Nguvu, G., B. S. Wudil, Rwegasira, G. M.
Field survey was conducted to determine the occurrence and damage severity of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) in major citrus producing regions of Tanzania between December 2011 and September 2012. In total, 14,725 citrus trees and seedlings were assessed to determine the presence or absence of P. citrella as well as its associated damage severity. A total of 10,000 citrus trees (>5 years) were sampled from Morogoro Rural and Muheza Districts, while 4,725 nursery seedlings (<5 years) from Kinondoni District. The damage severity was assessed as described by Horsfall-Barratt scale. Results revealed that leafminers were recorded in nearly all surveyed areas. Kruskal Wallis analysis suggested minimal spatial distribution of the pest incidence among the surveyed locations. Kinondoni district recorded the highest (34.11%) leafminer incidence while Muheza district had the lowest (3.74). However, the damage severity indicated an increasing trend from December 2011 through June 2012 in nursery seedlings at Kinondoni. Weather variables (especially temperature) played an important role to the pest’s development and perpetuation. Further studies need to be conducted to have a wider knowledge of the pest in all the citrus growing regions in the country.
{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Damage Severity of Citrus Leafminer (Phyllocnistis spp. Stainton) in Major Citrus Producing Regions of Tanzania","authors":"Nguvu, G., B. S. Wudil, Rwegasira, G. M.","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4297","url":null,"abstract":"Field survey was conducted to determine the occurrence and damage severity of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) in major citrus producing regions of Tanzania between December 2011 and September 2012. In total, 14,725 citrus trees and seedlings were assessed to determine the presence or absence of P. citrella as well as its associated damage severity. A total of 10,000 citrus trees (>5 years) were sampled from Morogoro Rural and Muheza Districts, while 4,725 nursery seedlings (<5 years) from Kinondoni District. The damage severity was assessed as described by Horsfall-Barratt scale. Results revealed that leafminers were recorded in nearly all surveyed areas. Kruskal Wallis analysis suggested minimal spatial distribution of the pest incidence among the surveyed locations. Kinondoni district recorded the highest (34.11%) leafminer incidence while Muheza district had the lowest (3.74). However, the damage severity indicated an increasing trend from December 2011 through June 2012 in nursery seedlings at Kinondoni. Weather variables (especially temperature) played an important role to the pest’s development and perpetuation. Further studies need to be conducted to have a wider knowledge of the pest in all the citrus growing regions in the country.","PeriodicalId":504412,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"25 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4290
Md. Abdul Helim Khan, Md. Mahmudur Rahman, T. Tasmima, N. Sultana
A field experiment was conducted at MLT site, Madhupur (AEZ-28), Tangail during 2020-21 and 2021-22 to find out an optimum fertilizer dose of turmeric in Madhupur tract and increase productivity and economic return of the farmers. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five compact replications. The tested six treatment combinations were as T1: STB as per FRG’ 2018 (116-27-77-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1 ), T2 : T1 + 20% extra NK (139-27-92-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T3 :T1 + 20% extra NKS (139-27-92-9.6-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T4 :T1 + 20% extra NKSZn (139-27-92-8-1.8-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T5 : IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) and T6 : Farmers’ practice (115-50-125 kg NPK ha-1). BARI Halud-5 was used as test crop in this experiment. The unit plot size was 8m × 5m and spacing was maintained as 50 cm apart rows with plant to plant 25 cm. Seeds (rhizome) were planted @ 2000 kg ha-1 during 14-20 April, 2020 and 10-15 April 2021. The treatments showed significant differences in terms of yield and yield contributing characters. The highest fresh rhizome yield (17.13 t ha-1) was recorded from IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) treatment combination. The highest gross return (Tk.256950 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.136740 ha-1) were recorded from the (T5) same treatment The marginal benefit cost ratio (3.79) was also highest in IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) which further indicated the superiority among the treatments.
{"title":"Effect of Fertilizer Doses on Turmeric at Madhupur Tract under AEZ-28","authors":"Md. Abdul Helim Khan, Md. Mahmudur Rahman, T. Tasmima, N. Sultana","doi":"10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i4290","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at MLT site, Madhupur (AEZ-28), Tangail during 2020-21 and 2021-22 to find out an optimum fertilizer dose of turmeric in Madhupur tract and increase productivity and economic return of the farmers. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five compact replications. The tested six treatment combinations were as T1: STB as per FRG’ 2018 (116-27-77-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1 ), T2 : T1 + 20% extra NK (139-27-92-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T3 :T1 + 20% extra NKS (139-27-92-9.6-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T4 :T1 + 20% extra NKSZn (139-27-92-8-1.8-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T5 : IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) and T6 : Farmers’ practice (115-50-125 kg NPK ha-1). BARI Halud-5 was used as test crop in this experiment. The unit plot size was 8m × 5m and spacing was maintained as 50 cm apart rows with plant to plant 25 cm. Seeds (rhizome) were planted @ 2000 kg ha-1 during 14-20 April, 2020 and 10-15 April 2021. The treatments showed significant differences in terms of yield and yield contributing characters. The highest fresh rhizome yield (17.13 t ha-1) was recorded from IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) treatment combination. The highest gross return (Tk.256950 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.136740 ha-1) were recorded from the (T5) same treatment The marginal benefit cost ratio (3.79) was also highest in IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) which further indicated the superiority among the treatments.","PeriodicalId":504412,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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