Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3616
Swem M. M, Amuta E. U, Houmsou R. S, Okon K, Swem C.I. A, Akwa V. Y
Malaria is a major public health problem, particularly among the vulnerable population of children aged less than 5years and pregnant women. Clinical impact of malaria disease is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Consequential effect of malaria disease is the congenital transmission to neonates that result in diverse clinical syndrome, ranging from neonatal sepsis to jaundice. For better understanding of malaria epidemiology in pregnant women, the study eval_uate the preval_ence of malaria parasitaemia, associated risk factors and congenital transmission, using polymerase chain reaction technique to determine the Plasmodium speciation and genetic diversity. Study population was pregnant women at different gestational stage attending antenatal clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi Benue State. Systemic random sampling was employed in recruiting the study subjects, and a well-standardized questionnaire was administered before sample (blood) collection. The samples were analyzed using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Microscopic Smear Examination and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Overall malaria parasite detection was 3.6 % by PCR, 2.0% by RDT and 4.3% by Microscopy. Comparing the demographic variables with malaria parasitaemia, high level was recorded among pregnant women within age-group <20years(16.7%, 1/5) Location had high positivity among pregnant women in rural areas (10.5%,2/17,occupation(students, 6.0%,3/50), educational background(secondary, 6.2%, 8/121), marital status(non-married, 9.1%,2/20), parity(Secundigravidae)(4.8% 6/120), Malaria preventive measures, use of mosquito coil(8.0%,2/23), intermittent preventive therapy(Yes, 5.9%,8/127) and haematinic intake(Yes, 4.3%,4/89), Drainage provided(4.3% 4/90), source of water(well, 6.7%,6/83) High malaria parasitaemia reported in second trimester (7.3%, 7/96). eval_uating the effect of malaria parasitaemia on haematological indices, high malaria parasitaemia was recorded among pregnant women with haemoglobin (<11g/dl)(4.5%, 7/150). Significant difference was observed in malaria parasitaemia and PCV(0.37-0.47, 18.2%, 2/9).3.8%(11/282) in white blood cell count within 5-11X109, pregnant women with normal neutrophil count(40-60)(5.7%, 4/66), 5.9%(2/32) in pregnant women with increased lymphocyte, 4.1%(7/102)in monocytopenia cases, 9.1%(2/20) in eosinophilia(>4), 12.5%(1/7) in basophilia and 5.0%(2/38) in thrombocytopenia(<150000). The diagnostic technique, RDT vs PCR shows a significant difference (Kappa=0.898). Using the MSP-1 and MSP-2 primer of amplified Plasmodium falciparum species, msp-1 amplified two clones,K1 and MAD20, MSP-2 amplified two clones, FC27 and 3D7.All families amplified at different frequencies and varied base pairs, indicative of genetic diversity. In conclusion, the preval_ence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women was low, the genetic diversity of the various clones identified is consistent with studies conducted in Nigeria and sub-Sah
疟疾是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是在 5 岁以下儿童和孕妇等弱势群体中。疟疾疾病的临床影响与高发病率和高死亡率有关。疟疾疾病的后果是先天性传染给新生儿，导致从新生儿败血症到黄疸等多种临床综合症。为了更好地了解孕妇中的疟疾流行病学，本研究评估了疟疾寄生虫血症的流行率、相关风险因素和先天性传播，并使用聚合酶链反应技术确定了疟原虫的种类和遗传多样性。研究对象是在贝努埃州马库尔迪联邦医疗中心产前门诊就诊的处于不同妊娠阶段的孕妇。在招募研究对象时采用了系统随机抽样法，并在采集样本（血液）前进行了标准化问卷调查。样本通过快速诊断检测（RDT）、显微镜涂片检查和聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分析。通过 PCR、RDT 和显微涂片检查，疟原虫总检出率分别为 3.6%、2.0% 和 4.3%。将人口统计学变量与疟原虫血症进行比较后发现，孕妇中疟原虫血症水平较高的年龄组为 4 岁，嗜碱性粒细胞增多症为 12.5%（1/7），血小板减少症（<150000）为 5.0%（2/38）。RDT 与 PCR 的诊断技术差异显著（Kappa=0.898）。 使用扩增恶性疟原虫的 MSP-1 和 MSP-2 引物，msp-1 扩增出两个克隆：K1 和 MAD20，MSP-2 扩增出两个克隆：FC27 和 3D7.All families amplified at different frequencies and varied base pairs, indicative of genetic diversity.总之，孕妇疟疾寄生虫病的发病率较低，所发现的各种克隆的遗传多样性与尼日利亚和撒哈拉以南非洲的研究结果一致，表明存在抗疟治疗的选择性压力。新生儿中没有先天性寄生虫病。
{"title":"Congenital Parasitaemia Among Neonates, the Malaria Risk Factors and Haematological Parameters Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"Swem M. M, Amuta E. U, Houmsou R. S, Okon K, Swem C.I. A, Akwa V. Y","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3616","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a major public health problem, particularly among the vulnerable population of children aged less than 5years and pregnant women. Clinical impact of malaria disease is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Consequential effect of malaria disease is the congenital transmission to neonates that result in diverse clinical syndrome, ranging from neonatal sepsis to jaundice. For better understanding of malaria epidemiology in pregnant women, the study eval_uate the preval_ence of malaria parasitaemia, associated risk factors and congenital transmission, using polymerase chain reaction technique to determine the Plasmodium speciation and genetic diversity. Study population was pregnant women at different gestational stage attending antenatal clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi Benue State. Systemic random sampling was employed in recruiting the study subjects, and a well-standardized questionnaire was administered before sample (blood) collection. The samples were analyzed using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Microscopic Smear Examination and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Overall malaria parasite detection was 3.6 % by PCR, 2.0% by RDT and 4.3% by Microscopy. Comparing the demographic variables with malaria parasitaemia, high level was recorded among pregnant women within age-group <20years(16.7%, 1/5) Location had high positivity among pregnant women in rural areas (10.5%,2/17,occupation(students, 6.0%,3/50), educational background(secondary, 6.2%, 8/121), marital status(non-married, 9.1%,2/20), parity(Secundigravidae)(4.8% 6/120), Malaria preventive measures, use of mosquito coil(8.0%,2/23), intermittent preventive therapy(Yes, 5.9%,8/127) and haematinic intake(Yes, 4.3%,4/89), Drainage provided(4.3% 4/90), source of water(well, 6.7%,6/83) High malaria parasitaemia reported in second trimester (7.3%, 7/96). eval_uating the effect of malaria parasitaemia on haematological indices, high malaria parasitaemia was recorded among pregnant women with haemoglobin (<11g/dl)(4.5%, 7/150). Significant difference was observed in malaria parasitaemia and PCV(0.37-0.47, 18.2%, 2/9).3.8%(11/282) in white blood cell count within 5-11X109, pregnant women with normal neutrophil count(40-60)(5.7%, 4/66), 5.9%(2/32) in pregnant women with increased lymphocyte, 4.1%(7/102)in monocytopenia cases, 9.1%(2/20) in eosinophilia(>4), 12.5%(1/7) in basophilia and 5.0%(2/38) in thrombocytopenia(<150000). The diagnostic technique, RDT vs PCR shows a significant difference (Kappa=0.898). Using the MSP-1 and MSP-2 primer of amplified Plasmodium falciparum species, msp-1 amplified two clones,K1 and MAD20, MSP-2 amplified two clones, FC27 and 3D7.All families amplified at different frequencies and varied base pairs, indicative of genetic diversity. In conclusion, the preval_ence of malaria parasitaemia among pregnant women was low, the genetic diversity of the various clones identified is consistent with studies conducted in Nigeria and sub-Sah","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"1 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3617
Okonofua Eghe Patricia, B. C. David, Nuhu Tubasen Hannah, Odii Josephine Ngozi, Ayodele Rebecca, Umahi Onu Odii
Silver nanoparticles from plant extracts are novel compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. Studies on antibiofilm activity of Ag-NPs synthesized from seed extracts of Garcinnia kola (G. kola) were carried out. Garcinnia kola seed were obtained from Keffi market, Nigeria. Green synthesis of Ag-NPs from the seed was carried using 2.0mm silver-nitrate by use of standard method. The Ag-NPs synthesized from the seed were characterized using former transmission infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and scanning election microscope. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag-NPs against Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp) isolates were carried out using agar dilution method. The biofilm formation by the isolates as well as the inhibition and dissolution by Ag-NPs were eval_uated using microplate method. The functional groups detected in the Ag-NPs were N-H, C-O, N-O, and CΞC with peaks 906.5cm-1,1282.2cm-2, 13344cm-1, 1550.6cm-1 and 217.1cm-1 respectively. The size of the particles ranges from 179-296nm. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MICs) of the particles and meropenem against the isolates were 250µg/l and 4.0µg/l. The functional inhibiting concentrates of the particles were 1.0. The optical clarity of biofilm formed by the isolates was 2.073 and 2.049. the percentage biofilm inhibiting effects of the particles was highest apart. KpC (K. Pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1075) with percentage inhibit ranges from 27.28-21.67% at 80-12.5% of the MICs. The percentage inhibiting effect of Ag-NPs in with meropenem was highest at MICs but low in MIC 12.5 with percentage inhibition 28.26% and 27.18%. The Ag-NPs alone and antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibiting effect while Ag-NPs in with meropenem had effect but against isolate but with potential antibiofilm activity.
{"title":"Antibiofilm Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Seed Extract of Garcinia Kola","authors":"Okonofua Eghe Patricia, B. C. David, Nuhu Tubasen Hannah, Odii Josephine Ngozi, Ayodele Rebecca, Umahi Onu Odii","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3617","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles from plant extracts are novel compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. Studies on antibiofilm activity of Ag-NPs synthesized from seed extracts of Garcinnia kola (G. kola) were carried out. Garcinnia kola seed were obtained from Keffi market, Nigeria. Green synthesis of Ag-NPs from the seed was carried using 2.0mm silver-nitrate by use of standard method. The Ag-NPs synthesized from the seed were characterized using former transmission infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and scanning election microscope. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag-NPs against Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp) isolates were carried out using agar dilution method. The biofilm formation by the isolates as well as the inhibition and dissolution by Ag-NPs were eval_uated using microplate method. The functional groups detected in the Ag-NPs were N-H, C-O, N-O, and CΞC with peaks 906.5cm-1,1282.2cm-2, 13344cm-1, 1550.6cm-1 and 217.1cm-1 respectively. The size of the particles ranges from 179-296nm. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MICs) of the particles and meropenem against the isolates were 250µg/l and 4.0µg/l. The functional inhibiting concentrates of the particles were 1.0. The optical clarity of biofilm formed by the isolates was 2.073 and 2.049. the percentage biofilm inhibiting effects of the particles was highest apart. KpC (K. Pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1075) with percentage inhibit ranges from 27.28-21.67% at 80-12.5% of the MICs. The percentage inhibiting effect of Ag-NPs in with meropenem was highest at MICs but low in MIC 12.5 with percentage inhibition 28.26% and 27.18%. The Ag-NPs alone and antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibiting effect while Ag-NPs in with meropenem had effect but against isolate but with potential antibiofilm activity.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"91 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3444
Ikwuoche John David, Danjuma Idi
This research investigates foreign direct investment (FDI) impact on the unemployment rate (UPR) in Nigeria by employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study made use of data from the period 1985-2021. Initial assessment of the data involved the application of rolling correlation to test the significance of signals between FDI and UPR. Subsequently, the research employs the ARDL bounds test methodology to examine cointegration among FDI and UPR. Additionally, an Error Correction Model (ECM) is utilized to explore the causal relationship between these economic variables in the short run. The Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test suggests that the variables attain stationarity at first differences (I(1)). The findings indicate that at 5% FDI significantly impacted on UPR in the long run but not in the short run where it was significant at 10%. Also, the selected best fitted model for the sampled period is ARDL(1, 1) but the plot of the cumulative sum squared chart showed that the parameter estimates were unstable for the sampled period. The results suggest more investment in FDI is necessary for reducing Nigeria unemployment rate in the long run and stabilizing it in the short run.
{"title":"Inference from Modelling FDI and Unemployment Rate in Nigeria","authors":"Ikwuoche John David, Danjuma Idi","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3444","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates foreign direct investment (FDI) impact on the unemployment rate (UPR) in Nigeria by employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study made use of data from the period 1985-2021. Initial assessment of the data involved the application of rolling correlation to test the significance of signals between FDI and UPR. Subsequently, the research employs the ARDL bounds test methodology to examine cointegration among FDI and UPR. Additionally, an Error Correction Model (ECM) is utilized to explore the causal relationship between these economic variables in the short run. The Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test suggests that the variables attain stationarity at first differences (I(1)). The findings indicate that at 5% FDI significantly impacted on UPR in the long run but not in the short run where it was significant at 10%. Also, the selected best fitted model for the sampled period is ARDL(1, 1) but the plot of the cumulative sum squared chart showed that the parameter estimates were unstable for the sampled period. The results suggest more investment in FDI is necessary for reducing Nigeria unemployment rate in the long run and stabilizing it in the short run.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3419
Isaac Oritsejubemi Akpienbi, Emmanuel Tanto Ezra
Mathematical model was developed in this paper in the form of SEIR model to study NSE market dynamics of the interaction between potential investor, conservative investor, equity analyst and quitting investor in Nigeria. The equilibrium points of the model were determined and their stability analysis was performed. The research investigates the stability of the free NSE financial market equilibrium in Nigeria, revealing that it is locally and globally asymptotically stable. Local stability analysis shows the market's ability to recover from small perturbations, while global stability analysis confirms that it will stabilize over time regardless of the magnitude of disturbances. These findings provide real-life investors with confidence in the Nigerian financial market's resilience to both minor and significant shocks. The assurance that the market will return to equilibrium despite fluctuations in stock prices, trading volumes, or larger economic events encourages long-term investments and participation in the NSE.
{"title":"Dyanamics Model of Finacial Analyst Impact in Nigerian Stock Exchange","authors":"Isaac Oritsejubemi Akpienbi, Emmanuel Tanto Ezra","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3419","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical model was developed in this paper in the form of SEIR model to study NSE market dynamics of the interaction between potential investor, conservative investor, equity analyst and quitting investor in Nigeria. The equilibrium points of the model were determined and their stability analysis was performed. The research investigates the stability of the free NSE financial market equilibrium in Nigeria, revealing that it is locally and globally asymptotically stable. Local stability analysis shows the market's ability to recover from small perturbations, while global stability analysis confirms that it will stabilize over time regardless of the magnitude of disturbances. These findings provide real-life investors with confidence in the Nigerian financial market's resilience to both minor and significant shocks. The assurance that the market will return to equilibrium despite fluctuations in stock prices, trading volumes, or larger economic events encourages long-term investments and participation in the NSE.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3418
Isaac Oritsejubemi Akpienbi, Jude Iroka
In this research, mathematical modelling of treatment control of substance abuse in Nigeria was carried out. We present a deterministic model for the of control treatment of substance abuse in which impatient and outpatient were both important for the disease control. We calculated the basic reproduction number using next generation matrix method and The analytical results reveal that the substance abuse model is mathematically well-posed and defined within the positive region of the parameter space, Λ. The existence of equilibrium states is established, with both the substance abuse-free equilibrium (SAFE) and the substance abuse-endemic equilibrium (SAEE) found to be locally and asymptotically stable under certain conditions, and unstable otherwise. Furthermore, the global stability analysis of the SAEE indicates that it is asymptotically stable. The study also deduces that the control methods employed can effectively reduce the progression rate of substance abuse. Importantly, the analysis highlights that individual involvement and commitment will play a vital role in the successful control of the substance abuse menace in Nigeria. This study provides valuable insights into the mathematical modelling and analysis of substance abuse dynamics, which can inform the development of effective intervention strategies and policies to address this critical public health challenge in the Nigerian.
{"title":"Analysis of Substance Abuse Control Model in Nigeria","authors":"Isaac Oritsejubemi Akpienbi, Jude Iroka","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3418","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, mathematical modelling of treatment control of substance abuse in Nigeria was carried out. We present a deterministic model for the of control treatment of substance abuse in which impatient and outpatient were both important for the disease control. We calculated the basic reproduction number using next generation matrix method and The analytical results reveal that the substance abuse model is mathematically well-posed and defined within the positive region of the parameter space, Λ. The existence of equilibrium states is established, with both the substance abuse-free equilibrium (SAFE) and the substance abuse-endemic equilibrium (SAEE) found to be locally and asymptotically stable under certain conditions, and unstable otherwise. Furthermore, the global stability analysis of the SAEE indicates that it is asymptotically stable. The study also deduces that the control methods employed can effectively reduce the progression rate of substance abuse. Importantly, the analysis highlights that individual involvement and commitment will play a vital role in the successful control of the substance abuse menace in Nigeria. This study provides valuable insights into the mathematical modelling and analysis of substance abuse dynamics, which can inform the development of effective intervention strategies and policies to address this critical public health challenge in the Nigerian.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"97 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3348
K. G. Fwah, Adebayo John Idowu, Abiodun Dasofunjo
This study investigated the virtual classroom proficiencies needed by Electrical Installation and Maintenance Works trade teachers in Technical Colleges in Yobe State, Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey research design, the population of the study was 69 individuals, comprising 53 teachers and 16 ICT experts from eight Technical Colleges in Yobe State, Nigeria. Due to the manageable size of the population, the entire population was included in the study, eliminating the need for sampling. Data collection utilized the "Technical Colleges Virtual Classroom Competency Questionnaire (TCVCCQ)," structured with responses on a 5-point scale. Validation of the instrument was performed by three experts from the Department of Electrical/Electronic Technology Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Potiskum, Yobe State, resulting in a reliability index of 0.82 determined through the Cronbach Alpha technique. Mean statistics were employed to analyze data for the research questions, while hypotheses were tested at a significance level of 0.05 using a t-test. The findings revealed a lack of proficiency among teachers in utilizing participant panels and video play features within virtual classrooms. The study recommends that principals arrange in-house workshops for teachers to acquire requisite proficiency in using participant panel features, and further suggests consultation with video experts to enhance the quality of instructional videos for improved utilization of video play features within virtual classrooms.
{"title":"Virtual Classroom Competences Required by Electrical Installation and Maintenance Works Trade Teachers in Technical Colleges in Yobe State, Nigeria","authors":"K. G. Fwah, Adebayo John Idowu, Abiodun Dasofunjo","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3348","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the virtual classroom proficiencies needed by Electrical Installation and Maintenance Works trade teachers in Technical Colleges in Yobe State, Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey research design, the population of the study was 69 individuals, comprising 53 teachers and 16 ICT experts from eight Technical Colleges in Yobe State, Nigeria. Due to the manageable size of the population, the entire population was included in the study, eliminating the need for sampling. Data collection utilized the \"Technical Colleges Virtual Classroom Competency Questionnaire (TCVCCQ),\" structured with responses on a 5-point scale. Validation of the instrument was performed by three experts from the Department of Electrical/Electronic Technology Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Potiskum, Yobe State, resulting in a reliability index of 0.82 determined through the Cronbach Alpha technique. Mean statistics were employed to analyze data for the research questions, while hypotheses were tested at a significance level of 0.05 using a t-test. The findings revealed a lack of proficiency among teachers in utilizing participant panels and video play features within virtual classrooms. The study recommends that principals arrange in-house workshops for teachers to acquire requisite proficiency in using participant panel features, and further suggests consultation with video experts to enhance the quality of instructional videos for improved utilization of video play features within virtual classrooms.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"99 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3314
Zubaida Abubakar Ladan
Currently, many people are battling with infectious and chronic diseases in the country. More especially, the chronic diseases are associated with the level of ingredients in the food we take in, therefore, the easiest way to remedy our challenges is to monitor levels of chemicals in foods, especially the ones around us at affordable prices. Watermelon is a typical fruit that is conspicuous in the state, and can be a source of important natural chemicals for body health. The objective of this study was to perform a phytochemical and an elemental analysis of water melon grown in Sokoto state, Nigeria. The phytochemicals were determined with appropriate methods and chemicals of analytical grade, and elements are determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Regarding phytochemicals, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids were determined. Sodium levels in the seed, pulp, and peel reveals 0.40±0.02 (ppm), 3.0±0.01 (ppm), 2.00±0.01(ppm) respectively; potassium levels in the seed, pulp, and peel reveals, 5.000 ±0.04(ppm), 0.15±0.02 (ppm), 3.00±0.02 (ppm) respectively. Calcium determination shows values 20±1.0 (ppm), 20.0±1.00 (ppm), 20.30±0.3 (ppm) in seed, pulp, and peel respectively; and magnesium levels in seed, pulp, and peel are, 2.20±0.001 (ppm), 6.0±0.01 (ppm), and 0.40±0.03 (ppm) respectively. Iron levels of seed, pulp, and peel of watermelon reveals, 1.01±0.02 (ppm), 0.10±0.01(ppm), 15.00±0.2 (ppm) respectively; and Zinc 15±0.20 (ppm), 20.0±2.0 (ppm), and 10.00±1.05 (ppm) respectively. The watermelon contains significant amount of phytochemicals like flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids useful in many purposes such as antimicrobial agents in neutralising the infectious diseases, a burden in the state. Also, the fruit contains useful elements in significant amount like, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc, that can be used in people that suffers specific nutritional problems.
{"title":"Determination of Phytochemicals and Some Elemental Compositions of Watermelon from Sokoto, Nigeria","authors":"Zubaida Abubakar Ladan","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3314","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, many people are battling with infectious and chronic diseases in the country. More especially, the chronic diseases are associated with the level of ingredients in the food we take in, therefore, the easiest way to remedy our challenges is to monitor levels of chemicals in foods, especially the ones around us at affordable prices. Watermelon is a typical fruit that is conspicuous in the state, and can be a source of important natural chemicals for body health. The objective of this study was to perform a phytochemical and an elemental analysis of water melon grown in Sokoto state, Nigeria. The phytochemicals were determined with appropriate methods and chemicals of analytical grade, and elements are determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Regarding phytochemicals, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids were determined. Sodium levels in the seed, pulp, and peel reveals 0.40±0.02 (ppm), 3.0±0.01 (ppm), 2.00±0.01(ppm) respectively; potassium levels in the seed, pulp, and peel reveals, 5.000 ±0.04(ppm), 0.15±0.02 (ppm), 3.00±0.02 (ppm) respectively. Calcium determination shows values 20±1.0 (ppm), 20.0±1.00 (ppm), 20.30±0.3 (ppm) in seed, pulp, and peel respectively; and magnesium levels in seed, pulp, and peel are, 2.20±0.001 (ppm), 6.0±0.01 (ppm), and 0.40±0.03 (ppm) respectively. Iron levels of seed, pulp, and peel of watermelon reveals, 1.01±0.02 (ppm), 0.10±0.01(ppm), 15.00±0.2 (ppm) respectively; and Zinc 15±0.20 (ppm), 20.0±2.0 (ppm), and 10.00±1.05 (ppm) respectively. The watermelon contains significant amount of phytochemicals like flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids useful in many purposes such as antimicrobial agents in neutralising the infectious diseases, a burden in the state. Also, the fruit contains useful elements in significant amount like, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc, that can be used in people that suffers specific nutritional problems.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3306
N. Jailani
This study aims to analyze in depth halal standards and regulations and their implications for producers and consumers. In addition, this study aims to identify and understand the challenges faced by producers in complying with halal standards, as well as their impact on consumer purchasing decisions. This research was carried out using the library research method, using a qualitative approach. The data sources used are secondary data sources, namely collecting and then understanding, and analyzing previous articles, news, and books with relevant topics, be it journal articles or online media, as well as books that discuss halal standards and regulations. The data collection techniques used in this study are literature and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique applied in this study is a descriptive method. In this study, the limitations of the review are first, the articles or journals used are those published in 2016-2024. The results of the study show that the implementation of halal standards has been proven to have a positive influence on the producers company's internal operations, although then, at the same time they as producers face complex challenges such as the heterogeneity of halal standards, questionable raw materials, unethical practices, communication gaps, acceptance variability, human resource management issues, supply chain bottlenecks, and improper Islamic marketing orientation. For consumers, halal standards play an important role in shaping purchasing decisions, especially in the Muslim community. Consumer awareness of halal regulations is not only about recognizing the halal logo or understanding the basic principles of halal. This involves a deeper understanding of the entire halal certification process, the authorities involved, and its implications for product quality and safety.
{"title":"Halal Standards and Regulations: Implications for Producers and Consumers in Literature Studies","authors":"N. Jailani","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3306","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze in depth halal standards and regulations and their implications for producers and consumers. In addition, this study aims to identify and understand the challenges faced by producers in complying with halal standards, as well as their impact on consumer purchasing decisions. This research was carried out using the library research method, using a qualitative approach. The data sources used are secondary data sources, namely collecting and then understanding, and analyzing previous articles, news, and books with relevant topics, be it journal articles or online media, as well as books that discuss halal standards and regulations. The data collection techniques used in this study are literature and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique applied in this study is a descriptive method. In this study, the limitations of the review are first, the articles or journals used are those published in 2016-2024. The results of the study show that the implementation of halal standards has been proven to have a positive influence on the producers company's internal operations, although then, at the same time they as producers face complex challenges such as the heterogeneity of halal standards, questionable raw materials, unethical practices, communication gaps, acceptance variability, human resource management issues, supply chain bottlenecks, and improper Islamic marketing orientation. For consumers, halal standards play an important role in shaping purchasing decisions, especially in the Muslim community. Consumer awareness of halal regulations is not only about recognizing the halal logo or understanding the basic principles of halal. This involves a deeper understanding of the entire halal certification process, the authorities involved, and its implications for product quality and safety.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3304
Za’aku Salvation Jivini, A. K. Adebisi, Ikwebe Joseph
The study investigated the physicochemical and nutritional parameters of selected underutilized oilseeds: African oil bean seed, tea seed, African locust bean seed, castor seed, cotton seed and tomato seed. The six oilseed samples were collected from different sources in Nigeria. The seed samples were treated with drying, dehulling and grinding, before they were analysed for the physicochemical and nutritional parameters. The physicochemical parameters determined were: iodine value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, acid value, saponification value, refractive index, specific gravity and pH. The nutritional parameters included: vitamins, minerals, amino acids profile, crude protein and fatty acid profile. The acidity or alkalinity of the oils analysed were measured, the protein contents were analysed using Kjeldahl method, while amino acids determination, fatty acid profile together with water and fat soluble vitamins were determined using Isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), minerals were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometers (AAS). Findings in this study revealed that oils with iodine value less than 100 gI2/100g of oil are considered non-drying oils. Therefore, all the oils in this study are considered to be non-drying oils because their iodine values were less than 100g. Therefore, non-drying oils are not suitable for ink and paint production due to their non-drying characteristics. All the oils analysed in this study were considered fresh because their perioxide values are less than 10 mEq/kg. Fatty acids profile had significance diferences in all the columns. The findings in this study revealed the physicochemical and the nutritional levels of oils from the samples analysed which showed that they all have appreciable nutrient levels which are good for human consumption. The level of protein and essential amino acids are generally higher in Tea seeds oil than other samples analysed. It was further revealed that tea seed oil had highest amount of essential amino acids for lysine, methionine, leucine, tryptophan, threonine and arginine. However African oil bean seed had the highest amount of vitamins A, B2, C, and K and also had the highest level of sodium and potassium.
{"title":"Physicochemical Characterisation and Nutritional Evaluation of Oils from Selected Underutilised Oilseeds","authors":"Za’aku Salvation Jivini, A. K. Adebisi, Ikwebe Joseph","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3304","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the physicochemical and nutritional parameters of selected underutilized oilseeds: African oil bean seed, tea seed, African locust bean seed, castor seed, cotton seed and tomato seed. The six oilseed samples were collected from different sources in Nigeria. The seed samples were treated with drying, dehulling and grinding, before they were analysed for the physicochemical and nutritional parameters. The physicochemical parameters determined were: iodine value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, acid value, saponification value, refractive index, specific gravity and pH. The nutritional parameters included: vitamins, minerals, amino acids profile, crude protein and fatty acid profile. The acidity or alkalinity of the oils analysed were measured, the protein contents were analysed using Kjeldahl method, while amino acids determination, fatty acid profile together with water and fat soluble vitamins were determined using Isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), minerals were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometers (AAS). Findings in this study revealed that oils with iodine value less than 100 gI2/100g of oil are considered non-drying oils. Therefore, all the oils in this study are considered to be non-drying oils because their iodine values were less than 100g. Therefore, non-drying oils are not suitable for ink and paint production due to their non-drying characteristics. All the oils analysed in this study were considered fresh because their perioxide values are less than 10 mEq/kg. Fatty acids profile had significance diferences in all the columns. The findings in this study revealed the physicochemical and the nutritional levels of oils from the samples analysed which showed that they all have appreciable nutrient levels which are good for human consumption. The level of protein and essential amino acids are generally higher in Tea seeds oil than other samples analysed. It was further revealed that tea seed oil had highest amount of essential amino acids for lysine, methionine, leucine, tryptophan, threonine and arginine. However African oil bean seed had the highest amount of vitamins A, B2, C, and K and also had the highest level of sodium and potassium.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":" 73","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3196
Yusuf Yahaya Miya, Thomas Murma Butuwo, Abdullateef Abdullahi A., Blessing Godwin Ukwak
Anemia is a problem occurring due to poor iron intake or hereditary sickle cells threating public health in many adolescents and adults. Anemia is able to affect cognitive ability of people especially adolescents (youngsters). This study evaluates the effect of iron-deficiency anemia and sickle cell anemia on cognition of some adolescents schooling girls from Sokoto, Nigeria. The study consisted of recruitment of 80 girls (40 normal, and 40 anemic) subjected to Montreal Cognitive Assessment. 10 girls diagnosed with sickle cell anemia and 25 normal girls were assessed with Montreal cognitive assessment. The mean marks of the respondents were noted; therewith, chi-square test revealed significant difference at (p<0.05). The anemic girls earned less mean marks (400.0 ± 13.0) compared to the normal girls (960.0 ± 25.0). The healthy participants in the study scored higher marks (945.0 ± 10.0) than the sickle cell anemia patients (90.0 ± 3). Therefore, anemia is of the potential to affect cognitive capacity of schooling girls in Sokoto. Nutritional and related interventions are important, because poor cognition may affect education and overall potential of girls to be keys in growth and development of societies.
{"title":"Anemia Due to Low-Iron Affects Cognitive Capacity of Adolescent Girls Schooling in Secondary Schools in Sokoto, Nigeria","authors":"Yusuf Yahaya Miya, Thomas Murma Butuwo, Abdullateef Abdullahi A., Blessing Godwin Ukwak","doi":"10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3196","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a problem occurring due to poor iron intake or hereditary sickle cells threating public health in many adolescents and adults. Anemia is able to affect cognitive ability of people especially adolescents (youngsters). This study evaluates the effect of iron-deficiency anemia and sickle cell anemia on cognition of some adolescents schooling girls from Sokoto, Nigeria. The study consisted of recruitment of 80 girls (40 normal, and 40 anemic) subjected to Montreal Cognitive Assessment. 10 girls diagnosed with sickle cell anemia and 25 normal girls were assessed with Montreal cognitive assessment. The mean marks of the respondents were noted; therewith, chi-square test revealed significant difference at (p<0.05). The anemic girls earned less mean marks (400.0 ± 13.0) compared to the normal girls (960.0 ± 25.0). The healthy participants in the study scored higher marks (945.0 ± 10.0) than the sickle cell anemia patients (90.0 ± 3). Therefore, anemia is of the potential to affect cognitive capacity of schooling girls in Sokoto. Nutritional and related interventions are important, because poor cognition may affect education and overall potential of girls to be keys in growth and development of societies.","PeriodicalId":504704,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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