Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0247.202401
Yangang Wang, Xianglin Wei, Hai Wang, Yongyang Hu, Kuang Zhao, Jianhua Fan
Many efforts have been devoted to efficient task scheduling in Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) edge computing. However, the heterogeneity of UAV computation resource, and the task re-allocating between UAVs have not been fully considered yet. Moreover, most existing works neglect the fact that a task can only be executed on the UAV equipped with its desired service function (SF). In this backdrop, this paper formulates the task scheduling problem as a multi-objective task scheduling problem, which aims at maximizing the task execution success ratio while minimizing the average weighted sum of all tasks' completion time and energy consumption. Optimizing three coupled goals in a real-time manner with the dynamic arrival of tasks hinders us from adopting existing methods, like machine learning-based solutions that require a long training time and tremendous pre-knowledge about the task arrival process, or heuristic-based ones that usually incur along decision-making time. To tackle this problem in a distributed manner, we establish a matching theory framework, in which three conflicting goals are treated as the preferences of tasks, SFs and UAVs. Then, a Distributed Matching Theory-based Re-allocating (DiMaToRe) algorithm is put forward. We formally proved that a stable matching can be achieved by our proposal. Extensive simulation results show that DiMaToRe algorithm outperforms benchmark algorithms under diverse parameter settings and has good robustness.
{"title":"Distributed matching theory-based task re-allocating for heterogeneous multi-UAV edge computing","authors":"Yangang Wang, Xianglin Wei, Hai Wang, Yongyang Hu, Kuang Zhao, Jianhua Fan","doi":"10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0247.202401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0247.202401","url":null,"abstract":"Many efforts have been devoted to efficient task scheduling in Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) edge computing. However, the heterogeneity of UAV computation resource, and the task re-allocating between UAVs have not been fully considered yet. Moreover, most existing works neglect the fact that a task can only be executed on the UAV equipped with its desired service function (SF). In this backdrop, this paper formulates the task scheduling problem as a multi-objective task scheduling problem, which aims at maximizing the task execution success ratio while minimizing the average weighted sum of all tasks' completion time and energy consumption. Optimizing three coupled goals in a real-time manner with the dynamic arrival of tasks hinders us from adopting existing methods, like machine learning-based solutions that require a long training time and tremendous pre-knowledge about the task arrival process, or heuristic-based ones that usually incur along decision-making time. To tackle this problem in a distributed manner, we establish a matching theory framework, in which three conflicting goals are treated as the preferences of tasks, SFs and UAVs. Then, a Distributed Matching Theory-based Re-allocating (DiMaToRe) algorithm is put forward. We formally proved that a stable matching can be achieved by our proposal. Extensive simulation results show that DiMaToRe algorithm outperforms benchmark algorithms under diverse parameter settings and has good robustness.","PeriodicalId":504777,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0461.202401
Chaowu Wu, Yue Xiao, Shu Fang, Gang Wu
In this paper, we present a novel and robust nonlinear precoding (NLP) design and detection structure specifically tailored for multiple-input multiple-output space division multiple access (MIMO-SDMA) systems toward 6G wireless. Our approach aims to effectively mitigate the impact of imperfect channel estimation by leveraging the channel fluctuation mean square error (MSE) for reconstructing a highly accurate precoding matrix at the transmitter. Furthermore, we introduce a simplified receiver structure that eliminates the need for equalization, resulting in reduced interference and notable enhancements in overall system performance. We conduct both computer simulations and experimental tests to validate the efficacy of our proposed approach. The results reveals that the proposed NLP scheme offers significant performance improvements, making it particularly well-suited for the forthcoming 6G wireless.
{"title":"Design and implementation of nonlinear precoding for MIMO-SDMA toward 6G wireless","authors":"Chaowu Wu, Yue Xiao, Shu Fang, Gang Wu","doi":"10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0461.202401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0461.202401","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel and robust nonlinear precoding (NLP) design and detection structure specifically tailored for multiple-input multiple-output space division multiple access (MIMO-SDMA) systems toward 6G wireless. Our approach aims to effectively mitigate the impact of imperfect channel estimation by leveraging the channel fluctuation mean square error (MSE) for reconstructing a highly accurate precoding matrix at the transmitter. Furthermore, we introduce a simplified receiver structure that eliminates the need for equalization, resulting in reduced interference and notable enhancements in overall system performance. We conduct both computer simulations and experimental tests to validate the efficacy of our proposed approach. The results reveals that the proposed NLP scheme offers significant performance improvements, making it particularly well-suited for the forthcoming 6G wireless.","PeriodicalId":504777,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140522485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0352.202401
Ge Song, Xiaojie Fang, X. Sha
The hybrid carrier (HC) system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention. In this paper, we study the extended hybrid carrier (EHC) multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication. By employing the EHC modulation, a power layered multiplexing framework is realized, which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design. The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink, and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided. In addition, considering the connectivity demand, we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme. The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA, facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments. Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme. Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes, the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of next-generation communications.
{"title":"The extended hybrid carrier-based multiple access technology for high mobility scenarios","authors":"Ge Song, Xiaojie Fang, X. Sha","doi":"10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0352.202401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0352.202401","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid carrier (HC) system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention. In this paper, we study the extended hybrid carrier (EHC) multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication. By employing the EHC modulation, a power layered multiplexing framework is realized, which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design. The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink, and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided. In addition, considering the connectivity demand, we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme. The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA, facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments. Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme. Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes, the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of next-generation communications.","PeriodicalId":504777,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140521633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fraudulent website image is a vital information carrier for telecom fraud. The efficient and precise recognition of fraudulent website images is critical to combating and dealing with fraudulent websites. Current research on image recognition of fraudulent websites is mainly carried out at the level of image feature extraction and similarity study, which have such disadvantages as difficulty in obtaining image data, insufficient image analysis, and single identification types. This study develops a model based on the entropy method for image leader decision and Inception-v3 transfer learning to address these disadvantages. The data processing part of the model uses a breadth search crawler to capture the image data. Then, the information in the images is evaluated with the entropy method, image weights are assigned, and the image leader is selected. In model training and prediction, the transfer learning of the Inception-v3 model is introduced into image recognition of fraudulent websites. Using selected image leaders to train the model, multiple types of fraudulent websites are identified with high accuracy. The experiment proves that this model has a superior accuracy in recognizing images on fraudulent websites compared to other current models.
{"title":"Image recognition model of fraudulent websites based on image leader decision and Inception-V3 transfer learning","authors":"Shengli Zhou, Cheng Xu, Rui-Lin Xu, Weijie Ding, Chao Chen, Xiaoyang Xu","doi":"10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0450.202401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.fa.2023-0450.202401","url":null,"abstract":"The fraudulent website image is a vital information carrier for telecom fraud. The efficient and precise recognition of fraudulent website images is critical to combating and dealing with fraudulent websites. Current research on image recognition of fraudulent websites is mainly carried out at the level of image feature extraction and similarity study, which have such disadvantages as difficulty in obtaining image data, insufficient image analysis, and single identification types. This study develops a model based on the entropy method for image leader decision and Inception-v3 transfer learning to address these disadvantages. The data processing part of the model uses a breadth search crawler to capture the image data. Then, the information in the images is evaluated with the entropy method, image weights are assigned, and the image leader is selected. In model training and prediction, the transfer learning of the Inception-v3 model is introduced into image recognition of fraudulent websites. Using selected image leaders to train the model, multiple types of fraudulent websites are identified with high accuracy. The experiment proves that this model has a superior accuracy in recognizing images on fraudulent websites compared to other current models.","PeriodicalId":504777,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140520753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Visible light communication (VLC) has attracted much attention in the research of sixth-generation (6G) systems. Furthermore, channel modeling is the foundation for designing efficient and robust VLC systems. In this paper, we present extensive VLC channel measurement campaigns in indoor environments, i.e., an office and a corridor. Based on the measured data, the large-scale fading characteristics and multipath-related characteristics, including omnidirectional optical path loss (OPL), K-factor, power angular spectrum (PAS), angle spread (AS), and clustering characteristics, are analyzed and modeled through a statistical method. Based on the extracted statistics of the above-mentioned channel characteristics, we propose a statistical spatial channel model (SSCM) capable of modeling multipath in the spatial domain. Furthermore, the simulated statistics of the proposed model are compared with the measured statistics. For instance, in the office, the simulated path loss exponent (PLE) and the measured PLE are 1.96 and 1.97, respectively. And, the simulated medians of AS and measured medians of AS are 25.94° and 24.84°, respectively. Generally, the fact that the simulated results fit well with measured results has demonstrated the accuracy of our SSCM.
{"title":"Statistical channel modeling for indoor VLC communications based on channel measurements","authors":"Shuo Liu, Pan Tang, Jianhua Zhang, Yue Yin, Yu Tong, Baobao Liu, Guangyi Liu, Liang Xia","doi":"10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0612.202401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0612.202401","url":null,"abstract":"Visible light communication (VLC) has attracted much attention in the research of sixth-generation (6G) systems. Furthermore, channel modeling is the foundation for designing efficient and robust VLC systems. In this paper, we present extensive VLC channel measurement campaigns in indoor environments, i.e., an office and a corridor. Based on the measured data, the large-scale fading characteristics and multipath-related characteristics, including omnidirectional optical path loss (OPL), K-factor, power angular spectrum (PAS), angle spread (AS), and clustering characteristics, are analyzed and modeled through a statistical method. Based on the extracted statistics of the above-mentioned channel characteristics, we propose a statistical spatial channel model (SSCM) capable of modeling multipath in the spatial domain. Furthermore, the simulated statistics of the proposed model are compared with the measured statistics. For instance, in the office, the simulated path loss exponent (PLE) and the measured PLE are 1.96 and 1.97, respectively. And, the simulated medians of AS and measured medians of AS are 25.94° and 24.84°, respectively. Generally, the fact that the simulated results fit well with measured results has demonstrated the accuracy of our SSCM.","PeriodicalId":504777,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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