{"title":"Parasite-induced shell damage in brachiopod Porambonites (Porambonites) laticaudata from the Late Ordovician (Sandbian) of Estonia","authors":"O. Vinn, K. De Baets, M. Isakar, U. Toom","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78883315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) has long been known for its association with the Hirnantian glaciations. Two extinction pulses seem to reflect global cooling and warming, respectively. The effects climate change had on Ordovician life are well documented through palaeontological evidence, several geochemical proxies and further simulated in modelling scenarios. Preceding the Hirnantian extinction interval was a phase of prolific faunal migrations in notably the later parts of the Katian. Well-documented evidence shows that low-latitude faunas dispersed to high latitudes, and taxa that had previously been endemic to particularly Baltica and South China, suddenly began to appear in Laurentia. These events, referred to as the Boda warming event and the Richmondian invasion, have been suggested to reflect a biotic response to warmer climate indicating that the onset of the subsequent Hirnantian icehouse marked a considerable environmental shift from the latest Katian warming phase. Whereas a lot of focus has been on untangling the selective effects of the two Hirnantian extinction pulses on different clades, less focus has been on what led to the transition from the Middle Ordovician biodiversity rise to the dispersal phase seen during the Katian. It appears that most clades did not – during any point of time in the Ordovician – surpass the richness levels they had achieved by the earliest Katian. Rather, a plateau was established when all metazoan clades are compiled together. This could suggest that extinction rates began to increase relative to originations. Either a threshold was reached by the early Katian prohibiting ecosystems to expand, or an extinction pulse occurred that decimated overall biodiversity accumulation. Two lines of evidence suggest the latter to be the case. Firstly, several new clades became hugely diverse by the Katian. These include bryozoans, crinoids, rugose and tabulate corals, as well as molluscs such as bivalves and gastropods, and show that obviously increased ecosystem complexity with, for instance, more epifauna and tiering occurred. Secondly, large richness datasets compiled from all
{"title":"The Late Ordovician extinction conundrum","authors":"C. Rasmussen","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) has long been known for its association with the Hirnantian glaciations. Two extinction pulses seem to reflect global cooling and warming, respectively. The effects climate change had on Ordovician life are well documented through palaeontological evidence, several geochemical proxies and further simulated in modelling scenarios. Preceding the Hirnantian extinction interval was a phase of prolific faunal migrations in notably the later parts of the Katian. Well-documented evidence shows that low-latitude faunas dispersed to high latitudes, and taxa that had previously been endemic to particularly Baltica and South China, suddenly began to appear in Laurentia. These events, referred to as the Boda warming event and the Richmondian invasion, have been suggested to reflect a biotic response to warmer climate indicating that the onset of the subsequent Hirnantian icehouse marked a considerable environmental shift from the latest Katian warming phase. Whereas a lot of focus has been on untangling the selective effects of the two Hirnantian extinction pulses on different clades, less focus has been on what led to the transition from the Middle Ordovician biodiversity rise to the dispersal phase seen during the Katian. It appears that most clades did not – during any point of time in the Ordovician – surpass the richness levels they had achieved by the earliest Katian. Rather, a plateau was established when all metazoan clades are compiled together. This could suggest that extinction rates began to increase relative to originations. Either a threshold was reached by the early Katian prohibiting ecosystems to expand, or an extinction pulse occurred that decimated overall biodiversity accumulation. Two lines of evidence suggest the latter to be the case. Firstly, several new clades became hugely diverse by the Katian. These include bryozoans, crinoids, rugose and tabulate corals, as well as molluscs such as bivalves and gastropods, and show that obviously increased ecosystem complexity with, for instance, more epifauna and tiering occurred. Secondly, large richness datasets compiled from all","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76385463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The latest Sandbian brachiopods and chitinozoans were studied in the Kõrgessaare and Haapsalu drill cores of Estonia. The brachiopod fauna shows a gradual renewal through the Keila Regional Stage ( RS ) , differently from the rather persistent association of chitinozoans. An exception is the uppermost part of the stage, which differs in two sections in the taxonomic composition of chitinozoans and the occurrence of two species-level taxa of the Dalmanella kegelensis brachiopod group. D. kegelensis sensu lato has been considered an index taxon of the biozone in the Keila RS. It links the brachiopod faunas of North Estonia to those in NW Russia. In the latter region, the dolomitic and siliciclastic lagoonal and peritidal deposits overlying the strata with brachiopods of the D. kegelensis group are considered the youngest part of the Keila RS.
在爱沙尼亚Kõrgessaare和Haapsalu岩心中研究了最新的沙边腕足动物和几丁质动物。腕足动物区系在Keila区域阶段(RS)逐渐更新，不同于几丁质动物的持久结合。唯一的例外是该阶段的上部，在两段不同的几丁质动物的分类组成和Dalmanella kegelensis腕足动物群的两个种级分类群的出现。D. kegelensis sensu lato被认为是Keila RS生物带的一个指数分类单元，它连接了爱沙尼亚北部和俄罗斯西北部的腕足动物区系。在后者，盖覆有D. kegelensis群腕足动物的白云质和硅质泻湖及潮外沉积被认为是Keila RS最年轻的部分。
{"title":"Latest Sandbian brachiopods and chitinozoan biostratigraphy in North Estonia","authors":"L. Hints, J. Nõlvak","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.50","url":null,"abstract":"The latest Sandbian brachiopods and chitinozoans were studied in the Kõrgessaare and Haapsalu drill cores of Estonia. The brachiopod fauna shows a gradual renewal through the Keila Regional Stage ( RS ) , differently from the rather persistent association of chitinozoans. An exception is the uppermost part of the stage, which differs in two sections in the taxonomic composition of chitinozoans and the occurrence of two species-level taxa of the Dalmanella kegelensis brachiopod group. D. kegelensis sensu lato has been considered an index taxon of the biozone in the Keila RS. It links the brachiopod faunas of North Estonia to those in NW Russia. In the latter region, the dolomitic and siliciclastic lagoonal and peritidal deposits overlying the strata with brachiopods of the D. kegelensis group are considered the youngest part of the Keila RS.","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78191339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global palaeogeographical implication of acritarchs in the Upper Ordovician","authors":"Y. Kui, T. Servais, H. Bin, L. Jun, S. Longlong","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74862653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mángano, L. Buatois, B. Waisfeld, D. Muñoz, N. Vaccari, R. Astini
Trilobites have traditionally been considered fully marine. Through the integration of ichnological, palaeobiological and sedimentological datasets within a sequence-stratigraphic and strati - graphic palaeobiology framework, we challenge this assumption. This analysis is based on the study of incised fluvio-estuarine valley deposits from the Furongian Tilcara Member ( TM ) and the latest Furongian Pico de Halcón Member ( PHM ) of the Santa Rosita Formation, the early late Tremadocian Cardonal Formation ( CF ) , and the Dapingian–Darriwilian Alto del Cóndor Formation ( ACF ) , from Cordillera Oriental of northwest Argentina. These valleys were incised into wave-dominated shallow-marine strata and filled with transgressive deposits that accumulated in tide-dominated estuaries. Whereas the TM lacks any body or trace fossil evidence of the presence of trilobites in estuarine settings, the other three units reveal that trilobites were able to inhabit these settings. The PHM and CF are host to trilobite trace fossils in outer estuarine facies, both containing various ichnospecies of Cruziana (e.g., C. omanica and C. semiplicata in the TM ) and Rusophycus (e.g., R. latus in both units). In addition, the PHM also contains body fossils of the olenid trilobite Neoparabolina frequens argentina in the same deposits in which the trace fossils are preserved, as well as from middle estuarine facies. The ACF displays trilobite trace fossils of the C. rugosa group in inner, middle, and outer estuarine deposits, illustrating further landward incursions. This unit also contains body fossils of the asaphid trilobite Ogyginus sp. Accordingly, our data indicate two attempts of landward exploration via brackish water: phase 1 in which the outer to middle portion of estuaries were colonized by olenids ( Furongian–early late Tremadocian) and phase 2 involving exploration of the inner, middle, and outer es tuarine zones by asaphids ( Dapingian–Darriwilian). Our study indicates that these trilobites were tolerant to salinity stress and able to make use of the ecological advantages offered by marginal-marine environments migrating up-estuary, following salt wedges either reflecting amphidromy or as euryhaline marine wanderers. It is suggested that tolerance to salinity stress arose inde - pendently among different trilobite groups as a result of the broad array of behaviors and adaptations of trilobites during the Ordovician radiation. We speculate that the assumption that all trilobites were stenohaline may have resulted in the misinterpretation of some tide-dominated estuarine deposits as fully marine.
传统上认为三叶虫完全是海洋生物。通过在层序地层学和地层古生物学框架内整合技术、古生物学和沉积学数据集，我们挑战了这一假设。本文基于对阿根廷西北部科迪勒拉东部地区的圣罗西塔组(Santa Rosita)的Furongian Tilcara段(TM)和最新的Furongian Pico de Halcón段(PHM)、晚期Tremadocian caronal组(CF)和dapingian - darriwillian Alto del Cóndor组(ACF)的切割河流河口河谷沉积的研究。这些山谷被切割成以波浪为主的浅海地层，并充满海侵沉积物，这些沉积物聚集在潮汐为主的河口。尽管TM缺乏三叶虫在河口环境中存在的任何尸体或痕迹化石证据，但其他三个单元表明三叶虫能够栖息在这些环境中。PHM和CF是河口外相三叶虫痕迹化石的宿主，都含有各种各样的Cruziana(如TM中的C. omanica和C. semiplicata)和Rusophycus(如两个单元中的R. latus)。此外，PHM中还含有阿根廷常见的olenid Neoparabolina三叶虫的体化石和中河口相化石。ACF在河口内、中、外沉积物中均发现了C. rugosa群三叶虫痕迹化石，说明其进一步向陆侵。据此，我们的资料表明，该单元曾两次尝试通过半咸淡水向陆地勘探:第1阶段，河口外至中部由olenids (furonian -晚tremadoian早期)占据;第2阶段，由asapids (Dapingian-Darriwilian)在河口内、中、外进行勘探。我们的研究表明，这些三叶虫能够耐受盐度胁迫，并能够利用边缘海洋环境提供的生态优势，沿着盐楔向河口上游迁移，要么反映两栖性，要么作为全盐性海洋流浪者。这表明，不同三叶虫群对盐度胁迫的耐受性是由于三叶虫在奥陶纪辐射期间的广泛行为和适应而独立产生的。我们推测，所有三叶虫都是窄盐虫的假设可能导致一些潮汐主导的河口沉积物被误解为完全是海相的。
{"title":"Trilobite expansion into estuarine environments during the Ordovician radiation","authors":"M. Mángano, L. Buatois, B. Waisfeld, D. Muñoz, N. Vaccari, R. Astini","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"Trilobites have traditionally been considered fully marine. Through the integration of ichnological, palaeobiological and sedimentological datasets within a sequence-stratigraphic and strati - graphic palaeobiology framework, we challenge this assumption. This analysis is based on the study of incised fluvio-estuarine valley deposits from the Furongian Tilcara Member ( TM ) and the latest Furongian Pico de Halcón Member ( PHM ) of the Santa Rosita Formation, the early late Tremadocian Cardonal Formation ( CF ) , and the Dapingian–Darriwilian Alto del Cóndor Formation ( ACF ) , from Cordillera Oriental of northwest Argentina. These valleys were incised into wave-dominated shallow-marine strata and filled with transgressive deposits that accumulated in tide-dominated estuaries. Whereas the TM lacks any body or trace fossil evidence of the presence of trilobites in estuarine settings, the other three units reveal that trilobites were able to inhabit these settings. The PHM and CF are host to trilobite trace fossils in outer estuarine facies, both containing various ichnospecies of Cruziana (e.g., C. omanica and C. semiplicata in the TM ) and Rusophycus (e.g., R. latus in both units). In addition, the PHM also contains body fossils of the olenid trilobite Neoparabolina frequens argentina in the same deposits in which the trace fossils are preserved, as well as from middle estuarine facies. The ACF displays trilobite trace fossils of the C. rugosa group in inner, middle, and outer estuarine deposits, illustrating further landward incursions. This unit also contains body fossils of the asaphid trilobite Ogyginus sp. Accordingly, our data indicate two attempts of landward exploration via brackish water: phase 1 in which the outer to middle portion of estuaries were colonized by olenids ( Furongian–early late Tremadocian) and phase 2 involving exploration of the inner, middle, and outer es tuarine zones by asaphids ( Dapingian–Darriwilian). Our study indicates that these trilobites were tolerant to salinity stress and able to make use of the ecological advantages offered by marginal-marine environments migrating up-estuary, following salt wedges either reflecting amphidromy or as euryhaline marine wanderers. It is suggested that tolerance to salinity stress arose inde - pendently among different trilobite groups as a result of the broad array of behaviors and adaptations of trilobites during the Ordovician radiation. We speculate that the assumption that all trilobites were stenohaline may have resulted in the misinterpretation of some tide-dominated estuarine deposits as fully marine.","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82948259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Fu, Y. Liang, L. Holmer, Y. Lu, Yang Xiang, Y. Hu, Z. Zhang
{"title":"Late Ordovician gastropods from the Zhaolaoyu Formation in the southwestern margin of the North China Platform","authors":"R. Fu, Y. Liang, L. Holmer, Y. Lu, Yang Xiang, Y. Hu, Z. Zhang","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88085762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Zabini, L. Rodrigues, F. Lavié, A. Furtado-Carvalho, E. Randolfe, J. Rustán, F. Arouca, A. Gomes, R. Adôrno, M. Denezine, D. D. Do Carmo, M. L. Assine
{"title":"A summary of the Brazilian Paraná Basin Ordovician","authors":"C. Zabini, L. Rodrigues, F. Lavié, A. Furtado-Carvalho, E. Randolfe, J. Rustán, F. Arouca, A. Gomes, R. Adôrno, M. Denezine, D. D. Do Carmo, M. L. Assine","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D Pipira, L Ķeipāne, G Stinkulis, I Vircava, T Martma
{"title":"Dolocretes in the uppermost Famennian to Mississippian siliciclastic deposits (Šķervelis Formation, Latvia)","authors":"D Pipira, L Ķeipāne, G Stinkulis, I Vircava, T Martma","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.86","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-pollen palynomorphs from 78 surface sediment samples reveal spatial distribution of phytoplankton in Latvian lakes and ponds","authors":"N Stivrins","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.87","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135445964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where are all the Ordovician sea cucumbers (Echinodermata)?","authors":"M. Reich","doi":"10.3176/earth.2023.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50498,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80700337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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