Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.07
Efretuei Arit, Udoh Lovina, Ekwere Okon
Maize is an important cereal crop, and millions of Africans rely on it as a major source of carbohydrates in their diet. Grain yield from local maize varieties is generally low. Evaluation of different maize genotypes within a specific region is one way to identify and introduce varieties with high yield potential. This study assessed the yield and agronomic traits of 6 exotic maize accessions and a local variety to compare the performance of the exotic accessions with the local variety. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments included six exotic maize accessions, TZM386, TZM85, TZM16, TZM109, TZM392, and TZM1330, and a local variety ‘Uwep’ the result indicated that there were no significant differences in plant height and plant population at anthesis. Grain yiel among all accessions was not greater than 0.5 t/ha in 2020 but ranged between 1-3 t/ha in 2021. There were no significant differences in grain yield and components between the exotic and local accessions in 2021. In 2020, TZM 386 outperformed the local variety (uwep) in grain yield, ear weight, and number of ears/ha. Multiple linear regression showed a high dependence of grain yield on the growth parameter-plant height and the yield component ear no/ha in 2020 and 2021. This study has revealed differences in yield traits between the local and exotic accessions. The maize accession TZM 386 showed potential for higher grain yield and yield components and appears to be a promising candidate for further research.
{"title":"THE PERFORMANCE OF SEVEN ELITE MAIZE ACCESSIONS FROM DIFFERENT AFRICAN ORIGINS UNDER RAIN-FED CONDITIONS IN SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA","authors":"Efretuei Arit, Udoh Lovina, Ekwere Okon","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.07","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is an important cereal crop, and millions of Africans rely on it as a major source of carbohydrates in their diet. Grain yield from local maize varieties is generally low. Evaluation of different maize genotypes within a specific region is one way to identify and introduce varieties with high yield potential. This study assessed the yield and agronomic traits of 6 exotic maize accessions and a local variety to compare the performance of the exotic accessions with the local variety. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments included six exotic maize accessions, TZM386, TZM85, TZM16, TZM109, TZM392, and TZM1330, and a local variety ‘Uwep’ the result indicated that there were no significant differences in plant height and plant population at anthesis. Grain yiel among all accessions was not greater than 0.5 t/ha in 2020 but ranged between 1-3 t/ha in 2021. There were no significant differences in grain yield and components between the exotic and local accessions in 2021. In 2020, TZM 386 outperformed the local variety (uwep) in grain yield, ear weight, and number of ears/ha. Multiple linear regression showed a high dependence of grain yield on the growth parameter-plant height and the yield component ear no/ha in 2020 and 2021. This study has revealed differences in yield traits between the local and exotic accessions. The maize accession TZM 386 showed potential for higher grain yield and yield components and appears to be a promising candidate for further research. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.18
M. BelloOluwasesan, Hussaini Abdullahi, Dangani., Bello Jaafaru, Bello Oluwasesan
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) have been found to be a major cause of considerable economic burden on the horticultural crops industry. Celosia genus have been renown to purpose antimicrobial activity. This study tends to swing the antimicrobial activity of one species of this genus i.e. Celosia trigyna against root-knot nematodes employing molecular docking methods. The identification of compounds in the leaf extract with the potential to inhibit Meloidogyne incognita was carried out in silico. Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) was employed for analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of this plant, it revealed the presence of cis-9-tetradecanoic acid, vitexin-glucoside, 6”-O-deoxyhexoside, gallic acid, malic acid, sinapic acid, 3-feruloylquinic acid in the extract. Site-directed multiligand docking of the identified compounds was performed on protein 2MIF of Meloidogyne incognita and employing Bifenazate and Boscalid as positive controls. The binding affinity of 3-feruloylquinic (– 4.2 kcal/mol) was significantly higher than the positive control compounds i.e. Bifenazate and Boscalid (– 4.0 kcal/mol and – 3.9 kcal/mol). The interactions of this molecule with the amino acids of the protein showed that the mechanism of its inhibitory action is similar to that of the cocrystallized ligand. This result validates that the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of C. trigyna could be employed against root-knot nematodes for sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"IN SILICO STUDIES OF IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS FROM ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CELOSIA TRIGYNA AGAINST NEMATODE (Meloidogyne incognita)","authors":"M. BelloOluwasesan, Hussaini Abdullahi, Dangani., Bello Jaafaru, Bello Oluwasesan","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.18","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) have been found to be a major cause of considerable economic burden on the horticultural crops industry. Celosia genus have been renown to purpose antimicrobial activity. This study tends to swing the antimicrobial activity of one species of this genus i.e. Celosia trigyna against root-knot nematodes employing molecular docking methods. The identification of compounds in the leaf extract with the potential to inhibit Meloidogyne incognita was carried out in silico. Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) was employed for analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of this plant, it revealed the presence of cis-9-tetradecanoic acid, vitexin-glucoside, 6”-O-deoxyhexoside, gallic acid, malic acid, sinapic acid, 3-feruloylquinic acid in the extract. Site-directed multiligand docking of the identified compounds was performed on protein 2MIF of Meloidogyne incognita and employing Bifenazate and Boscalid as positive controls. The binding affinity of 3-feruloylquinic (– 4.2 kcal/mol) was significantly higher than the positive control compounds i.e. Bifenazate and Boscalid (– 4.0 kcal/mol and – 3.9 kcal/mol). The interactions of this molecule with the amino acids of the protein showed that the mechanism of its inhibitory action is similar to that of the cocrystallized ligand. This result validates that the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of C. trigyna could be employed against root-knot nematodes for sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.17
A. Yunusa, A. Dasuki, W. Buba, M. M. Onimisi, A. Yusuf
Oreochromis niloticus, weighing an average of 0.60g, were reared in a plastic aquarium measuring 60cm x 50cm x 30cm with a water holding capacity of 120 litres for a period of 28 weeks. To examine the impact of different inclusion levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of (Roselle) Hibiscus sabdariffa seed meal on the haematological properties of O. niloticus, five experimental diets were used in this study. At the end of the feeding trial, fish from each treatment group were randomly selected for haematological analysis. The blood of each fish was collected using a syringe and needle and stored in ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) bottles. This was used to determine various parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The obtained results indicated that the fish fed with a 50% inclusion level of Roselle had the highest packed cell volume of 40.00%. The control group with 0% inclusion level 38.50%, followed by levels of 25%, 75%and 100 % (37.50%; 34.00%; 32.00%) respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05%) observed in all the PCV values. The RBC values exhibited a similar pattern with readings of 4.70 (50%), 4.35 (0%), 4.19 (25%), 3.37 (75%), and 3.10 (100%). The Hb values also followed a consistent trend, measuring at 7.70, 7.15, 8.20, 7.43, and 7.20 for inclusion levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% respectively. However, it is worth noting that lymphocytes and white blood cell counts were lower at the inclusion level of 50% (81.00) when compared to the levels of 83.50 (0%),84.45 (25%), and 89.70 (100%). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that processed Hibiscus sabdariffa seed meal can effectively replace fish meal in practical diet for O.niloticus at 50% inclusion level without any detrimental effects on the fish's haematological parameters.
{"title":"HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ORGAN INDICES OF THE NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) FED WITH ROSELLE (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) SEED MEAL AT VARIOUS INCLUSION LEVELS","authors":"A. Yunusa, A. Dasuki, W. Buba, M. M. Onimisi, A. Yusuf","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.17","url":null,"abstract":"Oreochromis niloticus, weighing an average of 0.60g, were reared in a plastic aquarium measuring 60cm x 50cm x 30cm with a water holding capacity of 120 litres for a period of 28 weeks. To examine the impact of different inclusion levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of (Roselle) Hibiscus sabdariffa seed meal on the haematological properties of O. niloticus, five experimental diets were used in this study. At the end of the feeding trial, fish from each treatment group were randomly selected for haematological analysis. The blood of each fish was collected using a syringe and needle and stored in ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) bottles. This was used to determine various parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The obtained results indicated that the fish fed with a 50% inclusion level of Roselle had the highest packed cell volume of 40.00%. The control group with 0% inclusion level 38.50%, followed by levels of 25%, 75%and 100 % (37.50%; 34.00%; 32.00%) respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05%) observed in all the PCV values. The RBC values exhibited a similar pattern with readings of 4.70 (50%), 4.35 (0%), 4.19 (25%), 3.37 (75%), and 3.10 (100%). The Hb values also followed a consistent trend, measuring at 7.70, 7.15, 8.20, 7.43, and 7.20 for inclusion levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% respectively. However, it is worth noting that lymphocytes and white blood cell counts were lower at the inclusion level of 50% (81.00) when compared to the levels of 83.50 (0%),84.45 (25%), and 89.70 (100%). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that processed Hibiscus sabdariffa seed meal can effectively replace fish meal in practical diet for O.niloticus at 50% inclusion level without any detrimental effects on the fish's haematological parameters.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.06
T. Akukwe, Iheoma, Mba, Chinedu Lilian, Ginikachi Ruth
Climate change has been adduced to negatively affect agricultural productivity in agrarian communities. This study examined the effects of climate change on agricultural productivity in agrarian communities of Igbo-Etiti Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Data were collected through the use of mixed and complementary methods such as observation, questionnaire survey and key informant interviews. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results reveal that majority (54.4%) of the respondents were female with farming the primary source of livelihood for majority (56.5%). Majority (59.1%) of the farmers were aged between 35 and 54 years, and majority (53%) had more than years farming experience. The results also revealed climate change as the major factor affecting agricultural productivity in the study area. The findings show that farmers in the study were highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change largely because they depend on rain-fed agriculture. Agricultural productivity was found to have decreased due to the influence of climate change as manifested in rainfall decline, delayed onset of rain, increased temperature, dryness of soil and prolonged dry season. However, the reduced agricultural productivity had led to farmers engaging in other secondary occupation such as trading. Farmers empowerment through loans and grants, Climate Smart Agriculture, subsidies in the areas of improved climate change-resistant plants, among others were recommended to improve agricultural productivity, food security and cushion the effects of climate change, thereby enhancing resilience.
{"title":"PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN IGBO-ETITI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"T. Akukwe, Iheoma, Mba, Chinedu Lilian, Ginikachi Ruth","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2024.1001.06","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has been adduced to negatively affect agricultural productivity in agrarian communities. This study examined the effects of climate change on agricultural productivity in agrarian communities of Igbo-Etiti Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Data were collected through the use of mixed and complementary methods such as observation, questionnaire survey and key informant interviews. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results reveal that majority (54.4%) of the respondents were female with farming the primary source of livelihood for majority (56.5%). Majority (59.1%) of the farmers were aged between 35 and 54 years, and majority (53%) had more than years farming experience. The results also revealed climate change as the major factor affecting agricultural productivity in the study area. The findings show that farmers in the study were highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change largely because they depend on rain-fed agriculture. Agricultural productivity was found to have decreased due to the influence of climate change as manifested in rainfall decline, delayed onset of rain, increased temperature, dryness of soil and prolonged dry season. However, the reduced agricultural productivity had led to farmers engaging in other secondary occupation such as trading. Farmers empowerment through loans and grants, Climate Smart Agriculture, subsidies in the areas of improved climate change-resistant plants, among others were recommended to improve agricultural productivity, food security and cushion the effects of climate change, thereby enhancing resilience.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.09
V. O. Iyiola, N. Aladi
The effects of processing methods (sun drying and oven drying) on quality characteristics of kilishi like jerkies were compared. The beef samples were processed into kilishi by sun drying or oven drying and then analysed for proximate composition, microbiology and sensory qualities after 1st and 12th weeks of storage. The data generated except sensory scores were analysed in a 2x2 factorial arrangement using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results of proximate analysis showed significant effects of the processing methods and period of storage in all the parameters analysed. Although microorganisms such as Fungi, Salmonella, E-coli, Staphylococcus and total coliform were isolated from the treatments, kilishi that was produced through sun drying had higher values of isolated microbes than counterparts produced by oven drying. Sundried kilishi had higher scores in all the sensory parameters analysed than the oven dried kilishi. The study indicated that production of safer and more wholesome kilishi snacks can be achieved through the use of oven drying, nonetheless, the sensory quality characteristics of sundried kilishi had higher scores and were preferred to the oven dried kilishi. Therefore, recommendation is made to increase the ingredient composition of the oven dried kilishi in order to meet the sensory qualities required by the consumers
{"title":"EFFECTS OF PROCESSING METHODS ON QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF KILISHI JERKIES","authors":"V. O. Iyiola, N. Aladi","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.09","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of processing methods (sun drying and oven drying) on quality characteristics of kilishi like jerkies were compared. The beef samples were processed into kilishi by sun drying or oven drying and then analysed for proximate composition, microbiology and sensory qualities after 1st and 12th weeks of storage. The data generated except sensory scores were analysed in a 2x2 factorial arrangement using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results of proximate analysis showed significant effects of the processing methods and period of storage in all the parameters analysed. Although microorganisms such as Fungi, Salmonella, E-coli, Staphylococcus and total coliform were isolated from the treatments, kilishi that was produced through sun drying had higher values of isolated microbes than counterparts produced by oven drying. Sundried kilishi had higher scores in all the sensory parameters analysed than the oven dried kilishi. The study indicated that production of safer and more wholesome kilishi snacks can be achieved through the use of oven drying, nonetheless, the sensory quality characteristics of sundried kilishi had higher scores and were preferred to the oven dried kilishi. Therefore, recommendation is made to increase the ingredient composition of the oven dried kilishi in order to meet the sensory qualities required by the consumers","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.08
C. Mbakwe, A. Agboola, B.R.O. Omidiwura
The effects of butyric acid supplemented diets on growth performance of turkey poults were examined in a 49-day experiment using one hundred and sixty (160) (one-day old) Nicholas turkey poults. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design. Poults were brooded for 7 days, after which they were allotted to 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 8 birds per replicate. Treatment 1(T1) was the basal diet with no supplement while treatments 2 (T2), 3 (T3), and 4(T4) were supplemented with antibiotics, 0.2% butyric acid and 0.4% butyric acid respectively. Feed was offered ad-libitum. Final weight and weight gain of poults fed control, antibiotics and 0.2% butyric acid supplemented diets were similar but significantly (p<0.05) higher than birds fed 0.4% butyric acid diet. Significant higher feed intake was observed in birds fed control and antibiotics diets while the least was recorded in birds fed 0.4% butyric acid diet. It was observed that 0.2% butyric acid appears to be a viable alternative to antibiotics growth promoter in turkey diets without any detrimental effect on the productive performances.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF DIETARY INCLUSION OF VARIED LEVELS OF BUTYRIC ACID AS ANTIBIOTIC ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TURKEY POULTS","authors":"C. Mbakwe, A. Agboola, B.R.O. Omidiwura","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.08","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of butyric acid supplemented diets on growth performance of turkey poults were examined in a 49-day experiment using one hundred and sixty (160) (one-day old) Nicholas turkey poults. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design. Poults were brooded for 7 days, after which they were allotted to 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 8 birds per replicate. Treatment 1(T1) was the basal diet with no supplement while treatments 2 (T2), 3 (T3), and 4(T4) were supplemented with antibiotics, 0.2% butyric acid and 0.4% butyric acid respectively. Feed was offered ad-libitum. Final weight and weight gain of poults fed control, antibiotics and 0.2% butyric acid supplemented diets were similar but significantly (p<0.05) higher than birds fed 0.4% butyric acid diet. Significant higher feed intake was observed in birds fed control and antibiotics diets while the least was recorded in birds fed 0.4% butyric acid diet. It was observed that 0.2% butyric acid appears to be a viable alternative to antibiotics growth promoter in turkey diets without any detrimental effect on the productive performances.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.06
V. Adesanmi, A. A. Ogunbela, D. S. Muritala, O. Ajayi, M. O. Apenah, G. O. Elumalero, A. Jibo, K. D. Salami
Seed weight has enormous influence on the germination rate and growth performance of many species which necessary is for productivity and sustainability. Study was carried out to examine the effects of seed weight on germination and early growth of Acacia senegal (Linn) Willd (Gum Arabic) seedlings. The work was conducted in the Forestry nursery of Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa state. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with three (3) treatments of twenty replications (20) making sixty samplings. The seed weights used were classified into three groups: Heavy seeds (1g and above), Medium seeds (0.5-0.9 g) and Light seeds (0.1- 0.4g). Germination counts and early growth parameters were assessed. Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 probability level and descriptive statistics such as bar chart was used. It is interesting to note that the study found that heavy seeds (1g) had an earlier germination rate and better early growth performance compared to intermediate-weight (0.5 - 0.9g) and light-weight (0.4 - 0.1g) seeds. The heavy seeds showed the best overall performance, according to the results. Heavy seeds showed the best performance. Therefore, heavy weight seeds were recommended for planting, plantation establishment and nursery studies.
{"title":"INFLUENCED OF SEED WEIGHT ON EARLY GROWTH OF Acacia senegal (Linn) Willd (Gum Arabic) SEEDLINGS","authors":"V. Adesanmi, A. A. Ogunbela, D. S. Muritala, O. Ajayi, M. O. Apenah, G. O. Elumalero, A. Jibo, K. D. Salami","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.06","url":null,"abstract":"Seed weight has enormous influence on the germination rate and growth performance of many species which necessary is for productivity and sustainability. Study was carried out to examine the effects of seed weight on germination and early growth of Acacia senegal (Linn) Willd (Gum Arabic) seedlings. The work was conducted in the Forestry nursery of Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa state. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with three (3) treatments of twenty replications (20) making sixty samplings. The seed weights used were classified into three groups: Heavy seeds (1g and above), Medium seeds (0.5-0.9 g) and Light seeds (0.1- 0.4g). Germination counts and early growth parameters were assessed. Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 probability level and descriptive statistics such as bar chart was used. It is interesting to note that the study found that heavy seeds (1g) had an earlier germination rate and better early growth performance compared to intermediate-weight (0.5 - 0.9g) and light-weight (0.4 - 0.1g) seeds. The heavy seeds showed the best overall performance, according to the results. Heavy seeds showed the best performance. Therefore, heavy weight seeds were recommended for planting, plantation establishment and nursery studies.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.07
Haruna Alkali, Yusuf Ahmad, Maaruf Bashir, Saidu Adamu, Ghude Musa
The study was conducted in Gombe Metropolitan abattoir to assess the prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs) and to determine the association of prevalence with predisposing factors in slaughtered ruminants. The study was laid in a completely randomized design. Sampling of animals was carried out using systematic random sampling. The prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies was computed and analyzed using Chi Square (χ2) test. Results indicated that out of 1,157 animals examined, 538 (46.50 %) were found to be positive. The prevalence was found to be significantly higher in Sheep (39.54%) than in cattle (15.92) and goats (34.53%). The results further relvealed that the prevalence of foreign bodies in female is higher than male with 38.97% and 20.46% respectively. Among the different age groups, a significantly (p< 0.05) higher prevalence was recorded in older animals than in younger animals. The indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs) observed were polythene bags, ropes, sack threads, rag, Fruit seeds, solid mass and plastic with polythene having higher prevalence of 30.70%. The prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies in the study area is high and was influenced by several factors among which are specie, age and body condition score. The variation in IFB prevalence across species underscores the importance of species-specific management and prevention strategies.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF INDIGESTIBLE FOREIGN BODIES (IFBs) IN RUMINANTS SLAUGHTERED IN GOMBE METROPOLITAN ABATTOIR","authors":"Haruna Alkali, Yusuf Ahmad, Maaruf Bashir, Saidu Adamu, Ghude Musa","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.07","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Gombe Metropolitan abattoir to assess the prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs) and to determine the association of prevalence with predisposing factors in slaughtered ruminants. The study was laid in a completely randomized design. Sampling of animals was carried out using systematic random sampling. The prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies was computed and analyzed using Chi Square (χ2) test. Results indicated that out of 1,157 animals examined, 538 (46.50 %) were found to be positive. The prevalence was found to be significantly higher in Sheep (39.54%) than in cattle (15.92) and goats (34.53%). The results further relvealed that the prevalence of foreign bodies in female is higher than male with 38.97% and 20.46% respectively. Among the different age groups, a significantly (p< 0.05) higher prevalence was recorded in older animals than in younger animals. The indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs) observed were polythene bags, ropes, sack threads, rag, Fruit seeds, solid mass and plastic with polythene having higher prevalence of 30.70%. The prevalence of indigestible foreign bodies in the study area is high and was influenced by several factors among which are specie, age and body condition score. The variation in IFB prevalence across species underscores the importance of species-specific management and prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.03
I. J. Ochokwu, L. Onyia, Y. Hadiza
The study was carried out to determine the impact of Annona muricata on the growth of the F1 generations and the gonad development of C. gariepinus. 750 hatchlings of average initial weight (0.05g) and length (0.4cm) from the parent that consumed A. muricata were stocked in a 1.0x1.0x0.5m3 fiber ponds in a completely randomized design. The hatchlings were fed 0.2mm coppens as starter (endogenous) feed for two weeks and 0.3 to 0.5 for another four weeks. The hatchlings were weighed weekly to evaluate their growth in weight and length. The fingerlings were further restocked in an outdoor nursery pond 2.0x2.0x1.5m3 and reared for another three weeks for growth parameters, while the gonad development was evaluated at the tenth week. The result of the growth revealed that the hatchlings had continuous and exponential growth among the treatments; however, the fry that the parent consumed, A. muricata, recorded the highest growth and survival rate. While the gonad development of the hatchlings whose parents consumed A. muricata started at the eleventh week and the 0% inclusion started at 14th week. These revealed the potential of A. muricata in the diet of C. gariepinus for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry, the production of quality broodstock, improved growth, and gonad development.
{"title":"SOURSOP (Annona muricata) LEAF MEAL FED TO Clarias gariepinus PARENT INFLUENCED THE GROWTH AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE F1 GONADS","authors":"I. J. Ochokwu, L. Onyia, Y. Hadiza","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0904.03","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to determine the impact of Annona muricata on the growth of the F1 generations and the gonad development of C. gariepinus. 750 hatchlings of average initial weight (0.05g) and length (0.4cm) from the parent that consumed A. muricata were stocked in a 1.0x1.0x0.5m3 fiber ponds in a completely randomized design. The hatchlings were fed 0.2mm coppens as starter (endogenous) feed for two weeks and 0.3 to 0.5 for another four weeks. The hatchlings were weighed weekly to evaluate their growth in weight and length. The fingerlings were further restocked in an outdoor nursery pond 2.0x2.0x1.5m3 and reared for another three weeks for growth parameters, while the gonad development was evaluated at the tenth week. The result of the growth revealed that the hatchlings had continuous and exponential growth among the treatments; however, the fry that the parent consumed, A. muricata, recorded the highest growth and survival rate. While the gonad development of the hatchlings whose parents consumed A. muricata started at the eleventh week and the 0% inclusion started at 14th week. These revealed the potential of A. muricata in the diet of C. gariepinus for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry, the production of quality broodstock, improved growth, and gonad development. ","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.33003/jaat.2023.0903.22
S. Africa, M. A. Ayoola, T. R. Fayeye, O. A. Dada
The greenhouse gas emissions from Animal production related activities has turn out to be an important cause of global warming. This can be attributed to the continent-wide massive burdens arising from the switch in food consumption pattern. Anthropogenic activitiesrelated to livestock production contribute 37% of methane (CH4) emission, 9% of carbon dioxide (CO2) output and utilize 8% of the world water. An estimated aggregate of 7.1 billion tonnes of CO2 are generated by the feed and livestock industries. The effect of global warming is presently being experienced such as unstable rainfall pattern, drought, extended walk in search of pasture and water, coupled with significant impact on livestock productivity (rate of weight gainand milk production potentials).The potential of Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve sustainable animal production is being threatened by global warming, it is. therefore necessary to leverage on the use of livestock breed that combine the heat tolerance of the local stock with the high milk yield of the exotic breed (crossbreeding) to produce an improved breed of livestock. Ameliorative strategies such as strategic supplementation of diets, matching genetics to specific systems and management of manure with potential to improve productivity of livestock should be included into livestock production systems in the Sub-Sahara Africa. The use of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques will also assist to acquire ideal results on susceptibility of smallholder farmers. Finally, there is the need for shift in policy to promote the livelihood of indigenous livestock farmers under favourable environmental conditions.
{"title":"EFFECT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA","authors":"S. Africa, M. A. Ayoola, T. R. Fayeye, O. A. Dada","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0903.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0903.22","url":null,"abstract":"The greenhouse gas emissions from Animal production related activities has turn out to be an important cause of global warming. This can be attributed to the continent-wide massive burdens arising from the switch in food consumption pattern. Anthropogenic activitiesrelated to livestock production contribute 37% of methane (CH4) emission, 9% of carbon dioxide (CO2) output and utilize 8% of the world water. An estimated aggregate of 7.1 billion tonnes of CO2 are generated by the feed and livestock industries. The effect of global warming is presently being experienced such as unstable rainfall pattern, drought, extended walk in search of pasture and water, coupled with significant impact on livestock productivity (rate of weight gainand milk production potentials).The potential of Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve sustainable animal production is being threatened by global warming, it is. therefore necessary to leverage on the use of livestock breed that combine the heat tolerance of the local stock with the high milk yield of the exotic breed (crossbreeding) to produce an improved breed of livestock. Ameliorative strategies such as strategic supplementation of diets, matching genetics to specific systems and management of manure with potential to improve productivity of livestock should be included into livestock production systems in the Sub-Sahara Africa. The use of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques will also assist to acquire ideal results on susceptibility of smallholder farmers. Finally, there is the need for shift in policy to promote the livelihood of indigenous livestock farmers under favourable environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":505032,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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