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Assessment of Levels of Physical Activity among Overweight and Obese Adults Attending General Out-Patient Clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital 评估拉各斯大学教学医院普通门诊超重和肥胖成人的体育活动水平
Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i2606
Samuel Sogo Adeyemi, Babatunde Akodu, Nimkong Lar-ndam, P. Orumbie, Ogunbanwo Babatunde Michael
Background: A sedentary lifestyle is more likely in obese people which does not only aid weight gain but also increases the risk of complications like diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, coronary artery disease, hypertension and cancers. Aim of the Study: The study will ascertain the degree of physical activity among adult patients who are overweight/obese and who visit General Out-Patient Clinic (GOPC), Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Methodology: The research was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The study population comprised of overweight and obese adults, aged 18 to 64, who attended the GOPC of the FMD, LUTH between July and September, 2019.  The sample was 285. Data was collected through pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS IBM) version 25 was used for data entry and analysis. Frequency and percentage were used to represent all categorical variables, and means, standard deviation, or, in the case of skewed continuous variables, median and interquartile range, were used to summarize them. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was employed to evaluate the normality of the data. The association between categorical variables was evaluated using the Fischer exact test and chi-square analysis. Findings: The study found that there is an inverse and possibly bidirectional causal relationship between physical activity and unhealthy BMI (overweight and obesity). The result revealed there is a high percentage of physical inactivity and low percentage of high physical activity among adult patients who are overweight and obese visiting GOPC, LUTH. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study recommended that physical activity interventions should receive special attention in the handling of overweight and obese adults, given the high levels of physical inactivity among them.
背景:久坐不动的生活方式更容易导致肥胖,这不仅会增加体重,还会增加糖尿病、骨关节炎、冠心病、高血压和癌症等并发症的风险。研究目的本研究将确定前往拉各斯大学教学医院普通门诊部(GOPC)就诊的超重/肥胖成年患者的体育锻炼程度。研究方法:本研究为横断面描述性研究。研究对象包括2019年7月至9月期间在拉各斯大学教学医院FMD普通门诊就诊的18至64岁超重和肥胖成年人。 样本为 285 人。数据通过预先测试的半结构化问卷收集。数据录入和分析使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS IBM)第 25 版。频率和百分比用于表示所有分类变量,平均值、标准偏差或偏态连续变量的中位数和四分位距用于汇总。采用 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验来评估数据的正态性。使用费舍尔精确检验和卡方分析评估分类变量之间的关联。研究结果研究发现,体育锻炼与不健康的体重指数(超重和肥胖)之间存在反向和可能的双向因果关系。结果显示,在路德维希大学附属医院 GOPC 就诊的超重和肥胖成年患者中,缺乏体育锻炼的比例较高,而体育锻炼较多的比例较低。结论和建议:研究建议,鉴于超重和肥胖成人中缺乏体育活动的比例较高,在处理他们的问题时应特别关注体育活动干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Natural Disasters on the Environmental Resilience of Rural Areas 自然灾害对农村地区环境复原力的影响
Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i2602
Faradiba Faradiba
Disasters have detrimental effects on environmental aspects. This research aims to investigate the negative impacts of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and land drought on the environment. This research aims to determine the impact of natural disasters on environmental factors. The data used in this research was obtained from Podes 2021 and the Environmental Resilience Index (IKL) 2022 and 2023. The method applied in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that natural disasters have a negative impact on environmental conditions. Of the three independent variables for natural disasters in this study, it is known that volcanic eruptions have the most significant negative effects, both one year and two years after the event occurs. The negative impacts of natural disasters are still felt by the community at least 2 years after the disaster occurs. Therefore, an extra role is needed from the government to carry out evacuations when a disaster occurs, as well as implementing mitigation measures early on to reduce negative impacts.
灾害会对环境产生不利影响。本研究旨在调查地震、火山爆发和土地干旱对环境的负面影响。本研究旨在确定自然灾害对环境因素的影响。本研究使用的数据来自 Podes 2021 和环境复原力指数(IKL)2022 和 2023。本研究采用的方法是多元线性回归。研究结果表明,自然灾害对环境状况有负面影响。据了解,在本研究中自然灾害的三个自变量中,火山爆发在事件发生一年和两年后的负面影响最为显著。灾害发生至少两年后,社区仍能感受到自然灾害的负面影响。因此,政府需要发挥额外的作用,在灾害发生时进行疏散,并及早实施减灾措施,以减少负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
21st Century Skills of Fourth Year Teacher Education Students of Saint Michael College, Cantilan, Incorporated, Cantilan, Surigao Del Sur 南苏里高省坎蒂兰市圣迈克尔学院师范教育专业四年级学生的 21 世纪技能
Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1600
Germana A. Orzales, Rizalita A. Mabalay
In order to remain competitive, education must adapt to the demands of the 21st century. Saint Michael College, Cantilan Incorporated (SMCCI), a prominent private higher education institution in Surigao Del Sur Mindanao, Philippines, recognizes the importance of equipping its learners with the necessary 21st century skills. This study aimed to assess the extent to which fourth-year Teacher Education students at SMCCI possess and practice these skills. The study utilized a descriptive research design, with the fourth-year students of the 2016-2017 academic year as respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire adapted from Corpuz and Salandanan (2013) and the 2008 Partnership for the 21st century skills framework. Statistical analysis, including frequency count and weighted mean, was applied to the gathered data. The findings revealed that among the five 21st century skills, the SMCCI fourth-year Teacher Education students excelled in Information, Media, and Technology Skills. They also demonstrated proficiency in Life and Career Skills, as well as Social and Cross-Cultural Skills. However, their Communication Skills and Learning and Innovative Skills were identified as areas that require improvement, as they received lower mean scores. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the SMCCI fourth-year Teacher Education students are well-informed about technological advancements and social media trends. The integration of technology and technological literacy is evident in their life and career skills. Additionally, the students have shown strong skills in their educational practices, but continuous guidance and support from teachers are necessary to encourage the development of their communication skills and innovativeness.
为了保持竞争力,教育必须适应 21 世纪的需求。坎蒂兰圣迈克尔学院(SMCCI)是菲律宾棉兰老岛苏里高-德尔苏尔的一所著名私立高等学府,它认识到让学生掌握必要的 21 世纪技能的重要性。本研究旨在评估 SMCCI 师范教育专业四年级学生掌握和实践这些技能的程度。本研究采用描述性研究设计,以2016-2017学年的四年级学生为调查对象。通过改编自 Corpuz 和 Salandanan(2013 年)以及 2008 年 21 世纪技能合作框架的问卷收集数据。对收集到的数据进行了统计分析,包括频率计数和加权平均值。研究结果显示,在五项21世纪技能中,SMCCI师范教育专业四年级学生在信息、媒体和技术技能方面表现突出。他们在生活和职业技能以及社会和跨文化技能方面也表现出了一定的水平。然而,他们的沟通技能和学习与创新技能被认为是需要改进的领域,因为它们的平均得分较低。基于这些调查结果,可以得出结论,SMCCI 师范教育专业四年级学生对技术进步和社交媒体趋势有充分的了解。在他们的生活和职业技能中,技术和技术素养的整合是显而易见的。此外,学生们在教育实践中表现出了很强的技能,但教师的持续指导和支持对鼓励他们发展交流技能和创新能力是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Sourcing of Organic Skincare Ingredients: A Critical Analysis of Ethical Concerns and Environmental Implications 有机护肤成分的可持续采购:对伦理问题和环境影响的批判性分析
Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1598
Samson Abidemi Ajayi, O. O. Olaniyi, Tunbosun Oyewale Oladoyinbo, Nneka Damola Ajayi, Folashade Gloria Olaniyi
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the organic skincare and cosmetics industry, focusing on the sourcing practices of ingredients and their implications for consumer health, ethical considerations, and environmental impact. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing data from 700 working-class women, analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression methods. The findings highlight a critical need for enhanced transparency and ethical accountability in sourcing practices within the industry. A significant correlation was identified between the geographical proximity of organic skincare producers to consumers and an increased risk of unethical and unsafe skincare products, underscoring the importance of stringent quality control and ethical oversight. Additionally, the research explored the environmental aspects of sourcing practices and found that, while there is a relationship with ecological footprints, the impact is less substantial than initially presumed. This points towards the necessity for a broader and more comprehensive approach to sustainability in the organic skincare industry. Another key finding is the strong correlation between the cost of sourcing ingredients and the likelihood of small-scale producers compromising on product safety and ethical standards. This reveals a fundamental challenge in balancing economic viability with ethical and safety considerations. Based on these findings, the study recommends that industry regulators adopt a holistic approach to sustainability, focusing on sustainable farming practices and reducing carbon footprints, especially for small-scale producers. Future studies are suggested to further investigate the long-term health and environmental impacts of organic skincare ingredients.
本研究对有机护肤品和化妆品行业进行了全面分析,重点关注成分的采购实践及其对消费者健康、道德考量和环境影响的影响。研究采用定量方法,利用 700 名工薪阶层妇女的数据,通过描述性统计、相关和回归方法进行分析。研究结果突出表明,该行业的采购行为亟需提高透明度和道德责任感。研究发现,有机护肤品生产商距离消费者的地理位置越近,出现不道德和不安全护肤品的风险就越大,这两者之间存在明显的相关性,凸显了严格的质量控制和道德监督的重要性。此外,研究还探讨了采购行为对环境的影响,发现虽然与生态足迹有关系,但其影响没有最初推测的那么大。这说明有机护肤品行业有必要采取更广泛、更全面的可持续发展方法。另一个重要发现是,原料采购成本与小规模生产商在产品安全和道德标准方面妥协的可能性之间存在密切联系。这揭示了在经济可行性与道德和安全考虑之间取得平衡所面临的根本挑战。基于这些发现,本研究建议行业监管机构采取全面的可持续发展方法,重点关注可持续农业实践和减少碳足迹,尤其是对小规模生产商而言。建议今后开展研究,进一步调查有机护肤成分对健康和环境的长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Socio-Economic Status on Social Skills Development in Secondary School Children 社会经济地位对中学生社交能力发展的影响
Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1597
J. Careemdeen
This comprehensive research investigates the intricate relationship between socio-economic factors and social skills development among secondary school students in Sri Lanka. With a sample size of 1350 participants selected through stratified random sampling, the study employs a quantitative survey design to assess students' socio-economic status and perceptions of social skills enhancement. Statistical analyses, including Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), reveal significant parental income and education disparities. The findings underscore a positive correlation between higher parental income and augmented social skills, emphasising socioeconomic status's pivotal role in shaping skill acquisition opportunities. Notably, the study identifies the positive influence of fathers' tertiary education on students' social competence. While no significant differences based on mothers' educational qualifications are observed, the study recognises the need for nuanced understanding. Aligning with existing literature, the research emphasises the importance of inclusive classroom climates, cultural diversity, and positive peer relationships in fostering social adaptation. Friendships among students emerge as crucial in shaping social identities, while the study navigates the intricate influence of social media interactions in the contemporary educational landscape. The data highlight elevated social skills among upper-middle-class students, placing emphasis on the pivotal role of parental income. These insights underscore the imperative for inclusive educational environments to foster holistic development and societal contribution. The methodology employs a survey-based approach with a structured questionnaire assessing socioeconomic status and perceptions of social skills. Rigorous statistical analyses, including MANOVA, provide a robust examination of social skill enhancement, revealing disparities associated with parental income and educational backgrounds. The study contributes nuanced insights to the discourse on socio-economic influences on student education in Sri Lanka, informing future research and interventions aimed at creating inclusive and enriching educational environments globally.
这项综合研究调查了斯里兰卡中学生的社会经济因素与社交能力发展之间的复杂关系。研究通过分层随机抽样的方式选取了 1350 名参与者,采用定量调查设计来评估学生的社会经济状况和对社交能力提升的看法。包括多变量方差分析(MANOVA)在内的统计分析显示,父母的收入和教育程度存在显著差异。研究结果表明,父母收入越高,学生的社交能力越强,两者之间存在正相关关系,强调了社会经济地位在塑造技能学习机会方面的关键作用。值得注意的是,研究发现了父亲的高等教育对学生社交能力的积极影响。虽然没有观察到母亲学历对学生社交能力的重大影响,但研究认为有必要对此进行细致的了解。与现有文献一致,研究强调了包容性课堂氛围、文化多样性和积极的同伴关系对培养社会适应能力的重要性。学生之间的友谊是塑造社会身份的关键,同时研究还探讨了社交媒体互动在当代教育环境中错综复杂的影响。数据强调了中上层学生社交技能的提高,并强调了父母收入的关键作用。这些见解强调了包容性教育环境对促进全面发展和社会贡献的必要性。研究方法采用了基于调查的方法,通过结构化问卷评估社会经济地位和对社交技能的看法。严格的统计分析(包括 MANOVA)对社交技能的提高进行了有力的检验,揭示了与父母收入和教育背景相关的差异。这项研究为有关社会经济因素对斯里兰卡学生教育的影响的讨论提供了细致入微的见解,为今后的研究和干预措施提供了信息,这些研究和干预措施的目的是在全球范围内创造包容和丰富的教育环境。
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引用次数: 0
Proliferation of AI Tools: A Multifaceted Evaluation of User Perceptions and Emerging Trend 人工智能工具激增:对用户认知和新兴趋势的多方面评估
Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1596
Yewande Alice Marquis, Tunbosun Oyewale Oladoyinbo, Samuel Oladiipo Olabanji, O. O. Olaniyi, Samson Abidemi Ajayi
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, epitomized by tools like ChatGPT, Claude, Bard, Copilot, and Copy AI, has significantly reshaped various professional landscapes. This study aimed to assess the impact of these AI tools on professional performance, job dynamics, and societal perceptions. Amidst their benefits in enhancing efficiency and introducing novel capabilities, these tools also pose challenges concerning job displacement, ethical implications, and societal balance. Data from 1623 professionals across diverse industries were analyzed to assess AI tool utilization, functionality, user satisfaction, and perceived impacts. The results indicate that AI tools substantially enhance professional efficiency and are vital in diverse tasks including data analysis and decision-making. However, they also significantly affect traditional job roles, underscoring the urgency for workforce adaptation and skill development. Notably, the study unveils a generational gap in AI adoption, with younger users showing higher engagement compared to older cohorts, suggesting a digital divide. The study’s novelty lies in its comprehensive analysis of AI tool impacts across multiple professions, highlighting ethical and societal challenges. Concerns about AI-induced job displacement, privacy, and ethical use were evident, calling for responsible AI integration. The study advocate for targeted reskilling programs to equip the workforce for an AI-driven future and ethical guidelines to ensure AI tools' responsible development and use. This research contributes to the understanding of AI’s role in modern professional settings and offers strategic insights for policymakers, educators, and industry leaders. Emphasizing a balanced approach, the study urges for AI deployment that maximizes benefits while addressing potential risks and societal concerns.
以 ChatGPT、Claude、Bard、Copilot 和 Copy AI 等工具为代表的人工智能(AI)技术的迅猛发展,极大地重塑了各种职业环境。本研究旨在评估这些人工智能工具对专业表现、工作动态和社会认知的影响。这些工具在提高效率和引入新功能方面大有裨益,但同时也带来了工作转移、道德影响和社会平衡方面的挑战。我们分析了来自不同行业的1623名专业人士的数据,以评估人工智能工具的使用情况、功能、用户满意度和感知影响。结果表明,人工智能工具大大提高了专业效率,在数据分析和决策等各种任务中发挥了重要作用。然而,它们也对传统的工作角色产生了重大影响,凸显了劳动力适应和技能发展的紧迫性。值得注意的是,该研究揭示了人工智能应用中的代际差距,年轻用户的参与度高于年长用户,这表明存在数字鸿沟。该研究的新颖之处在于全面分析了人工智能工具对多种职业的影响,突出强调了伦理和社会挑战。对人工智能引发的工作转移、隐私和道德使用的担忧显而易见,呼吁负责任地整合人工智能。该研究主张开展有针对性的再培训计划,让劳动力为人工智能驱动的未来做好准备,并制定伦理准则,确保人工智能工具得到负责任的开发和使用。这项研究有助于人们了解人工智能在现代职业环境中的作用,并为政策制定者、教育工作者和行业领导者提供战略性见解。该研究强调一种平衡的方法,敦促人工智能的部署既要实现效益最大化,又要解决潜在的风险和社会问题。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in Neural Networks for Pharmaceutical Applications 用于制药的神经网络的研究进展
Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1595
Xinyi Yang, Fenxiao Chen
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are rapidly changing the landscape of the pharmaceutical industry. Their unique capabilities, including collective computing, adaptive learning, and fault tolerance, make them ideal for tackling complex challenges in drug discovery, analysis, and personalized medicine. This article summarizes the latest research progress in ANNs for pharmacy, highlighting breakthroughs in areas like QSAR modeling for drug design, pharmacokinetic prediction, and optimization of pharmaceutical preparations. With their immense potential to accelerate drug development, improve drug efficacy, and personalize healthcare, ANNs are poised to revolutionize the future of pharmaceuticals.
人工神经网络(ANN)正在迅速改变制药业的格局。它们具有集体计算、自适应学习和容错等独特能力,是应对药物发现、分析和个性化医疗领域复杂挑战的理想选择。本文总结了用于制药的人工智能网络的最新研究进展,重点介绍了在药物设计的 QSAR 建模、药代动力学预测和药物制剂优化等领域取得的突破。凭借其在加速药物开发、提高药物疗效和个性化医疗保健方面的巨大潜力,ANN 将彻底改变制药业的未来。
{"title":"Advances in Neural Networks for Pharmaceutical Applications","authors":"Xinyi Yang, Fenxiao Chen","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i1595","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are rapidly changing the landscape of the pharmaceutical industry. Their unique capabilities, including collective computing, adaptive learning, and fault tolerance, make them ideal for tackling complex challenges in drug discovery, analysis, and personalized medicine. This article summarizes the latest research progress in ANNs for pharmacy, highlighting breakthroughs in areas like QSAR modeling for drug design, pharmacokinetic prediction, and optimization of pharmaceutical preparations. With their immense potential to accelerate drug development, improve drug efficacy, and personalize healthcare, ANNs are poised to revolutionize the future of pharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":505193,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"28 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports
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