Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.poldsam
Rebeka Põldsam
In this article I discuss the links between homophobic discourses and the history of non-normative sex-gender subjects in Soviet Estonia. How was homosexuality seen and handled publicly during the Soviet period? What was the relationship between official discourse and non-normative sex-gender subjects? By working through a selection of archival materials on criminal investigations under the Pederasty Article of the Soviet Estonian Criminal Code and analysing the period’s sexual health discourse I outline an official discourse about non-normative sex-gender subjects in Soviet Estonia. I also analyse the manifestations of this official discourse in historical sources. In addition to the official discourse, the archival and ethnographic sources allow me to trace some of the experiences that differed and dissented from the repressive ideologies set by legal, medical, and social regulations.
{"title":"Homophobic Discourses and Their Soviet History in Estonia","authors":"Rebeka Põldsam","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.poldsam","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.poldsam","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I discuss the links between homophobic discourses and the history of non-normative sex-gender subjects in Soviet Estonia. How was homosexuality seen and handled publicly during the Soviet period? What was the relationship between official discourse and non-normative sex-gender subjects? By working through a selection of archival materials on criminal investigations under the Pederasty Article of the Soviet Estonian Criminal Code and analysing the period’s sexual health discourse I outline an official discourse about non-normative sex-gender subjects in Soviet Estonia. I also analyse the manifestations of this official discourse in historical sources. In addition to the official discourse, the archival and ethnographic sources allow me to trace some of the experiences that differed and dissented from the repressive ideologies set by legal, medical, and social regulations.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140357613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.ruudi
Ingrid Ruudi
The article focuses on gender-specific experiences of Estonian women architects in the late Soviet and post-Soviet Estonia. Architecture has been, and to a great extent still remains, a rather masculinist field, adhering to an image of heroic individualist creative genius and supporting a very demanding and uncompromising work culture. These preconceptions often make it complicated to forge different career paths or to appreciate alternative or more cooperational modes of practice. The article asks if and to what extent the unwritten rules and prejudices have affected Estonian women architects’ experiences in studying architecture, establishing their careers, combining the responsibilities of professional and private lives, and building up their image as (women) designers in a general sense. Based on in-depth interviews with 16 professional architects aged 33–92, the article also highlights the differences and similarities of practising architecture as a woman in the Soviet and post-Soviet social and economic contexts, mapping them onto findings of international feminist research in the context of both Western Europe and the former Eastern Bloc. Additionally, the article refers to the productive possibilities of oral history as a method to complement and challenge the conventional architecture historical writing as well as the intersubjective character of the narratives thus constructed.
{"title":"Adopting or Dodging the Heroic Model: Professional Trajectories of Estonian Women Architects","authors":"Ingrid Ruudi","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.ruudi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.ruudi","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on gender-specific experiences of Estonian women architects in the late Soviet and post-Soviet Estonia. Architecture has been, and to a great extent still remains, a rather masculinist field, adhering to an image of heroic individualist creative genius and supporting a very demanding and uncompromising work culture. These preconceptions often make it complicated to forge different career paths or to appreciate alternative or more cooperational modes of practice. The article asks if and to what extent the unwritten rules and prejudices have affected Estonian women architects’ experiences in studying architecture, establishing their careers, combining the responsibilities of professional and private lives, and building up their image as (women) designers in a general sense. Based on in-depth interviews with 16 professional architects aged 33–92, the article also highlights the differences and similarities of practising architecture as a woman in the Soviet and post-Soviet social and economic contexts, mapping them onto findings of international feminist research in the context of both Western Europe and the former Eastern Bloc. Additionally, the article refers to the productive possibilities of oral history as a method to complement and challenge the conventional architecture historical writing as well as the intersubjective character of the narratives thus constructed.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"8 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140352859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.wide
Carola Maria Wide
Girls’ initiation contributes to cultural representations in Western folk fairy tales. This study examines girls’ initiation in three contemporary versions of “Little Red Riding Hood”, Angela Carter’s “The Company of Wolves” and “Wolf-Alice” (1979), and Märta Tikkanen’s Rödluvan (Little Red Riding Hood, 1986), in relation to “The Story of Grandmother”, popularized by Paul Delarue (1956). Combining fairy-tale research with Kristevan theories on subjectivity, the feminine, and the genius, it examines how initiation assigns to the girl in Delarue’s tale a social identity and role as a woman and how the contemporary tales negotiate this through the heroines’ wooing of werewolves. The findings, presented in both written and visual forms, show the reach of the heroines’ feminine psychosexual maturity, here called the girl genius, in Carter’s and Tikkanen’s versions, representing an alternative to traditional assumptions of girls’ psychosexuality within normative heterosexuality.
女孩的启蒙教育有助于西方民间童话中的文化表述。本研究将安吉拉-卡特（Angela Carter）的《狼伴》（The Company of Wolves）和《狼-爱丽丝》（Wolf-Alice，1979 年）以及梅塔-蒂卡宁（Märta Tikkanen）的《小红帽》（Rödluvan，1986 年）与保罗-德拉鲁（Paul Delarue，1956 年）广为流传的《祖母的故事》（The Story of Grandmother）联系起来，研究三个当代版本的《小红帽》中女孩的启蒙教育。该研究将童话研究与克里斯特凡关于主体性、女性和天才的理论相结合，探讨了在德拉鲁的童话中，启蒙教育如何赋予女孩作为女性的社会身份和角色，以及当代童话如何通过女主人公向狼人求爱来实现这一目标。研究结果以书面和视觉形式呈现，显示了卡特和蒂卡宁版本中女主角的女性性心理成熟度（此处称为天才少女），代表了规范异性恋中女孩性心理传统假设的另一种选择。
{"title":"Wooing Werewolves: Girls’ Genius, Feminine, and Initiation in Angela Carter’s and Märta Tikkanen’s Versions of “Little Red Riding Hood”","authors":"Carola Maria Wide","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.wide","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.wide","url":null,"abstract":"Girls’ initiation contributes to cultural representations in Western folk fairy tales. This study examines girls’ initiation in three contemporary versions of “Little Red Riding Hood”, Angela Carter’s “The Company of Wolves” and “Wolf-Alice” (1979), and Märta Tikkanen’s Rödluvan (Little Red Riding Hood, 1986), in relation to “The Story of Grandmother”, popularized by Paul Delarue (1956). Combining fairy-tale research with Kristevan theories on subjectivity, the feminine, and the genius, it examines how initiation assigns to the girl in Delarue’s tale a social identity and role as a woman and how the contemporary tales negotiate this through the heroines’ wooing of werewolves. The findings, presented in both written and visual forms, show the reach of the heroines’ feminine psychosexual maturity, here called the girl genius, in Carter’s and Tikkanen’s versions, representing an alternative to traditional assumptions of girls’ psychosexuality within normative heterosexuality.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"1 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.demir
Ahmet Demir
Given that myths and tales are living and memory areas of archetypes, in this study the French tale “Bluebeard” and the Turkish fairy tale “İğci Baba” are compared both in terms of the wild woman archetype and the motif correspondence based on this archetype. In this respect, two tales are analysed based on archetypal criticism. Moreover, archetypal criticism paves the way for imagery analysis by making it possible to see the collective, universal, and archetypal image of women to be seen through the motif correspondence associated with the wild woman archetype. The correspondence of motifs based on the wild woman archetype makes it possible to compare “Bluebeard” and “İğci Baba”, which are texts from different geographical regions, cultures, and eras. The wild woman archetype and the motifs in the two tales, such as initiation, the forbidden secret room, the irresistible curiosity and desire to know, and the key, are strikingly similar. The encounter with the wild woman archetype in two texts can be explained by the suprapersonal, supracultural and universal character of the archetypes, and the strong correspondence between the two texts based on similar motifs can be explained by the universality of the fairy tales and supracultural motifs.
{"title":"The Wild Woman Archetype: A Comparative Study of Motif Correspondence Between “Bluebeard” and the Turkish Fairy Tale “İğci̇ Baba”","authors":"Ahmet Demir","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.demir","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.demir","url":null,"abstract":"Given that myths and tales are living and memory areas of archetypes, in this study the French tale “Bluebeard” and the Turkish fairy tale “İğci Baba” are compared both in terms of the wild woman archetype and the motif correspondence based on this archetype. In this respect, two tales are analysed based on archetypal criticism. Moreover, archetypal criticism paves the way for imagery analysis by making it possible to see the collective, universal, and archetypal image of women to be seen through the motif correspondence associated with the wild woman archetype. The correspondence of motifs based on the wild woman archetype makes it possible to compare “Bluebeard” and “İğci Baba”, which are texts from different geographical regions, cultures, and eras. The wild woman archetype and the motifs in the two tales, such as initiation, the forbidden secret room, the irresistible curiosity and desire to know, and the key, are strikingly similar. The encounter with the wild woman archetype in two texts can be explained by the suprapersonal, supracultural and universal character of the archetypes, and the strong correspondence between the two texts based on similar motifs can be explained by the universality of the fairy tales and supracultural motifs.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140355740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.sazyek
Esra Sazyek
The term “grotesque”, derived from the Italian word “grotto” for underground caves, refers to the ornamental art in which human, animal, and plant motifs are intertwined on the walls of Nero’s Golden House (Domus Aurea), discovered during the Roman excavations in 1480. However, over time, it has abandoned its decorative meaning and become a form of expression in art and literature, which is sometimes associated with the humorous and sometimes with the tragic. Adjectives such as “absurd”, “outrageous”, “strange”, and “incompatible” characterize the grotesque, which is intended to surprise, frighten, and disgust an audience as well as make them laugh. More importantly, the grotesque exists across the folk mythology and pre-classical works of many cultures as a significant means of expression that takes and presents the ugly and formless from within an exciting life. The present study examines Crystal Manor Tales through the lens of the grotesque theory, which Russian literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin conceptualized in his work Rabelais and His World (2005 [1965])1 by associating it with medieval and Renaissance carnivals. Therefore, it has been determined that the tales aim to expose society’s flaws through the grotesque images they convey, as well as to establish a healthier order by excluding un-desirable behaviors.
{"title":"The Appearance of Grotesque Forms in Crystal Manor Tales","authors":"Esra Sazyek","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.sazyek","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.sazyek","url":null,"abstract":"The term “grotesque”, derived from the Italian word “grotto” for underground caves, refers to the ornamental art in which human, animal, and plant motifs are intertwined on the walls of Nero’s Golden House (Domus Aurea), discovered during the Roman excavations in 1480. However, over time, it has abandoned its decorative meaning and become a form of expression in art and literature, which is sometimes associated with the humorous and sometimes with the tragic. Adjectives such as “absurd”, “outrageous”, “strange”, and “incompatible” characterize the grotesque, which is intended to surprise, frighten, and disgust an audience as well as make them laugh. More importantly, the grotesque exists across the folk mythology and pre-classical works of many cultures as a significant means of expression that takes and presents the ugly and formless from within an exciting life. The present study examines Crystal Manor Tales through the lens of the grotesque theory, which Russian literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin conceptualized in his work Rabelais and His World (2005 [1965])1 by associating it with medieval and Renaissance carnivals. Therefore, it has been determined that the tales aim to expose society’s flaws through the grotesque images they convey, as well as to establish a healthier order by excluding un-desirable behaviors.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140356264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.annuk_voolaid
Eve Annuk, Piret Voolaid
The paper focuses on gender aspects in graffiti and street art as context- and communication-based cultural phenomena. The key issues tackled here are how gender aspects and gender-based communication are expressed in graffiti and the nature of the gendered aesthetics of street art. The analysis aims to identify gender clichés in graffiti, illustrating stereotypical views from a broader sociocultural perspective. The study also highlights the role of graffiti and street art in challenging gender stereotypes and bringing novel concepts to the fore. The paper combines studies on graffiti and street art with the gender studies approach and employs as a research method the contextualisation of graffiti and street art as ephemeral cultural phenomena from a viewer’s perspective. Graffiti works collected mainly in 2010–2020 and held in the online graffiti database of the Estonian Literary Museum constitute the sources of this paper.
{"title":"Representations of Gender in Estonian Graffiti and Street Art","authors":"Eve Annuk, Piret Voolaid","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.annuk_voolaid","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.annuk_voolaid","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on gender aspects in graffiti and street art as context- and communication-based cultural phenomena. The key issues tackled here are how gender aspects and gender-based communication are expressed in graffiti and the nature of the gendered aesthetics of street art. The analysis aims to identify gender clichés in graffiti, illustrating stereotypical views from a broader sociocultural perspective. The study also highlights the role of graffiti and street art in challenging gender stereotypes and bringing novel concepts to the fore. The paper combines studies on graffiti and street art with the gender studies approach and employs as a research method the contextualisation of graffiti and street art as ephemeral cultural phenomena from a viewer’s perspective. Graffiti works collected mainly in 2010–2020 and held in the online graffiti database of the Estonian Literary Museum constitute the sources of this paper.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"54 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140357134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.ghazanfari_asl
K. Ghazanfari, Mohammad Seadat Asl
This article aims to introduce, explore, and analyse an oral folk tale called “Ahmad Sādāti and His Companions”, common in some Lur villages in Fārs and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in Iran. The plot and storyline of this tale correspond to those of the myth of Ulysses and the giant Polyphemus in the Odyssey, attributed to Homer. The significance of this study lies in exhibiting the cultural exchange between Greek and local-indigenous subcultures of Iran. Greek and Persian cultures were in constant mutual contact from the mid-sixth century BC until late antiquity, and this contact became closer after Alexander’s campaign and the rise of the Seleucids in Iran. The study area is located on the western margins of the Iranian plateau – the birthplace of two great dynasties of Iranian rulers in ancient times – which redoubles the importance of the issue under investigation.
{"title":"Traces of a Greek Myth (?) in Subcultures of Lur-Inhabited Regions of Western Iran","authors":"K. Ghazanfari, Mohammad Seadat Asl","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.ghazanfari_asl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.ghazanfari_asl","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to introduce, explore, and analyse an oral folk tale called “Ahmad Sādāti and His Companions”, common in some Lur villages in Fārs and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in Iran. The plot and storyline of this tale correspond to those of the myth of Ulysses and the giant Polyphemus in the Odyssey, attributed to Homer. The significance of this study lies in exhibiting the cultural exchange between Greek and local-indigenous subcultures of Iran. Greek and Persian cultures were in constant mutual contact from the mid-sixth century BC until late antiquity, and this contact became closer after Alexander’s campaign and the rise of the Seleucids in Iran. The study area is located on the western margins of the Iranian plateau – the birthplace of two great dynasties of Iranian rulers in ancient times – which redoubles the importance of the issue under investigation.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.zhou_fu
Caihong Zhou, Zongmei Fu
Amongst all the goddesses in ancient China, the Queen Mother of the West (Xiwangmu) represents the most multi-layered mother archetype with the richest connotations. Through a longitudinal literature review, this paper aims to explore different facets of the Queen Mother of the West as a representation of the Great Mother archetype in Jungian psychology. In ancient China, she was a supreme goddess controlling the order of the universe. Her residence, Mount Kunlun, is capable of nourishing and devouring life. She possesses the elixir of life and controls the punishments of the world. Thus, the Queen Mother of the West is transformed into a deity of both life and death. In the funeral rituals of the Han and Tang dynasties, she was a goddess who summoned the dead and led their spirits to heaven, while in folklore she was a mythical Muse for many emperors and the anima of many intellectuals. She is the mother of reincarnation and the eternal spirit. As a symbol for instinct, archetype and femininity in the collective unconscious, the Queen Mother of the West embodies both the positive and negative aspects of the mother archetype: the positive being the persona of the Great Mother and the negative being the shadow. At the ultimate stage of spiritual development, she acts as the anima and the transcendent Holy Virgin in ancient Chinese culture.
{"title":"An Archetypal Analysis of the Queen Mother of the West in Chinese Mythology","authors":"Caihong Zhou, Zongmei Fu","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.zhou_fu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.zhou_fu","url":null,"abstract":"Amongst all the goddesses in ancient China, the Queen Mother of the West (Xiwangmu) represents the most multi-layered mother archetype with the richest connotations. Through a longitudinal literature review, this paper aims to explore different facets of the Queen Mother of the West as a representation of the Great Mother archetype in Jungian psychology. In ancient China, she was a supreme goddess controlling the order of the universe. Her residence, Mount Kunlun, is capable of nourishing and devouring life. She possesses the elixir of life and controls the punishments of the world. Thus, the Queen Mother of the West is transformed into a deity of both life and death. In the funeral rituals of the Han and Tang dynasties, she was a goddess who summoned the dead and led their spirits to heaven, while in folklore she was a mythical Muse for many emperors and the anima of many intellectuals. She is the mother of reincarnation and the eternal spirit. As a symbol for instinct, archetype and femininity in the collective unconscious, the Queen Mother of the West embodies both the positive and negative aspects of the mother archetype: the positive being the persona of the Great Mother and the negative being the shadow. At the ultimate stage of spiritual development, she acts as the anima and the transcendent Holy Virgin in ancient Chinese culture.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140355330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2024.92.akgun
Sibel Akgün
Identity is a concept that consists of many concrete and abstract elements, both individually and socially. Individuals form groups emotionally and consciously within the framework of this concept and build different social identities. Social identity brings individuals together within their groups around similarities and differences, completing it as an integral part of their own self. Social identity constructs individuals and groups in societies by representing them with many character traits and self-creation motivation. Language is one of the most important characteristics in self-motivation and representation in the social identities of individuals and groups. Spoken language and its varieties (dialects) shape the identity of the individual throughout their life from birth and help them to reveal their subjectivity within the framework of a separate social group identity. Spoken language and its varieties (accent/idiom/dialect) shape the identity of the individual throughout their life and help them to reveal their subjectivity within the framework of social group identity. The subject of this study is the status of the dialect element as one of these preserved features constituting and developing the social identity of the individual in the city of Bursa. Data were collected through field research, using the qualitative analysis method. As the structure of dialects is most intensively observed in villages, the sample consisted of people selected only from the villages of Bursa city, mountain villages in particular. The people chosen in terms of representation ability were individuals with different characteristics pertaining to education, age, and occupational groups. The linguistic features and structure of the dialect used in Bursa are not examined in the study. The aim of the study is to reveal, with the qualitative field study conducted with the source persons, that the social identity approach is one of the representations that builds the individual and society.
{"title":"The Structures of Dialect as the Founding Element of Social Identity: The Case of Bursa City","authors":"Sibel Akgün","doi":"10.7592/fejf2024.92.akgun","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2024.92.akgun","url":null,"abstract":"Identity is a concept that consists of many concrete and abstract elements, both individually and socially. Individuals form groups emotionally and consciously within the framework of this concept and build different social identities. Social identity brings individuals together within their groups around similarities and differences, completing it as an integral part of their own self. Social identity constructs individuals and groups in societies by representing them with many character traits and self-creation motivation. Language is one of the most important characteristics in self-motivation and representation in the social identities of individuals and groups. Spoken language and its varieties (dialects) shape the identity of the individual throughout their life from birth and help them to reveal their subjectivity within the framework of a separate social group identity. Spoken language and its varieties (accent/idiom/dialect) shape the identity of the individual throughout their life and help them to reveal their subjectivity within the framework of social group identity. The subject of this study is the status of the dialect element as one of these preserved features constituting and developing the social identity of the individual in the city of Bursa. Data were collected through field research, using the qualitative analysis method. As the structure of dialects is most intensively observed in villages, the sample consisted of people selected only from the villages of Bursa city, mountain villages in particular. The people chosen in terms of representation ability were individuals with different characteristics pertaining to education, age, and occupational groups. The linguistic features and structure of the dialect used in Bursa are not examined in the study. The aim of the study is to reveal, with the qualitative field study conducted with the source persons, that the social identity approach is one of the representations that builds the individual and society.","PeriodicalId":505741,"journal":{"name":"Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140355587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.91.hrynevich
Yanina Hrynevich
The article focuses on the knowledge of the formation circumstances and development of folklore collections in Belarus in historical perspective. The history of collecting Belarusian folklore is explored, concentrating on the main ideas and the most influential collectors and groups of collectors. The research questions concern the main collection centers, gathering strategies, and their changes in accordance with the dominant state ideology and cultural policy. The study reveals that the growing interest in collecting folklore was closely connected with the process of national revival and the creation of the Belarusian state. Initiated by the passion of individual amateur collectors and local historians, the collection of folklore gradually became an important national task and was concentrated in the main scientific centers. Besides state ideology, the greatest influence on the formation of folklore collections, their form and content, is exerted by the goals and approaches of individuals. The personality, the level of education and age of the collector have a direct impact on the collection processes and, respectively, on the data obtained as a result.
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