Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.1057/s41301-024-00405-7
Matthew Canfield, Barbara Ntambirweki
{"title":"Datafying African Agriculture: From Data Governance to Farmers’ Rights","authors":"Matthew Canfield, Barbara Ntambirweki","doi":"10.1057/s41301-024-00405-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-024-00405-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1057/s41301-024-00402-w
Devika Sharma, Lakshita Bhagat, Saket Sharma
{"title":"Regulating Children’s Personal Data Protection in India: No Child’s Play","authors":"Devika Sharma, Lakshita Bhagat, Saket Sharma","doi":"10.1057/s41301-024-00402-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-024-00402-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":" 940","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1057/s41301-024-00400-y
F. M. Mateko
{"title":"Digital Technologies and Economic Development in Zimbabwe","authors":"F. M. Mateko","doi":"10.1057/s41301-024-00400-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-024-00400-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1057/s41301-024-00401-x
Thembekile O. Mayayise
{"title":"The Ethical and Privacy Implications of Datafication and Digitalization in Developing Country Contexts","authors":"Thembekile O. Mayayise","doi":"10.1057/s41301-024-00401-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-024-00401-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"33 2","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriele Liuzzi, Osvaldo Artimagnella, Simone Frisari, A. Mallamaci
Foxg1 masters telencephalic development via a pleiotropic control over its progression. Expressed within the central nervous system (CNS), L1 retrotransposons are implicated in progression of its histogenesis and tuning of its genomic plasticity. Foxg1 represses gene transcription, and L1 elements share putative Foxg1 binding motifs, suggesting the former might limit telencephalic expression (and activity) of the latter. We tested such prediction, in vivo as well as in engineered primary neural cultures, by loss- and gain-of-function approaches. We showed that Foxg1-dependent, transcriptional L1 repression specifically occurs in neopallial neuronogenic progenitors and post-mitotic neurons, where it is supported by specific changes in the L1 epigenetic landscape. Unexpectedly, we discovered that Foxg1 physically interacts with L1-mRNA and positively regulates neonatal neopallium L1-DNA content, antagonizing the retrotranscription-suppressing activity exerted by Mov10 and Ddx39a helicases. To the best of our knowledge, Foxg1 represents the first CNS patterning gene acting as a bimodal retrotransposon modulator, limiting transcription of L1 elements and promoting their amplification, within a specific domain of the developing mouse brain.
{"title":"Foxg1 bimodally tunes L1-mRNA and -DNA dynamics in the developing murine neocortex.","authors":"Gabriele Liuzzi, Osvaldo Artimagnella, Simone Frisari, A. Mallamaci","doi":"10.1242/dev.202292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202292","url":null,"abstract":"Foxg1 masters telencephalic development via a pleiotropic control over its progression. Expressed within the central nervous system (CNS), L1 retrotransposons are implicated in progression of its histogenesis and tuning of its genomic plasticity. Foxg1 represses gene transcription, and L1 elements share putative Foxg1 binding motifs, suggesting the former might limit telencephalic expression (and activity) of the latter. We tested such prediction, in vivo as well as in engineered primary neural cultures, by loss- and gain-of-function approaches. We showed that Foxg1-dependent, transcriptional L1 repression specifically occurs in neopallial neuronogenic progenitors and post-mitotic neurons, where it is supported by specific changes in the L1 epigenetic landscape. Unexpectedly, we discovered that Foxg1 physically interacts with L1-mRNA and positively regulates neonatal neopallium L1-DNA content, antagonizing the retrotranscription-suppressing activity exerted by Mov10 and Ddx39a helicases. To the best of our knowledge, Foxg1 represents the first CNS patterning gene acting as a bimodal retrotransposon modulator, limiting transcription of L1 elements and promoting their amplification, within a specific domain of the developing mouse brain.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingjing Sun, Ayse Damla Durmaz, Aswini Babu, Frank Macabenta, A. Stathopoulos
The precise assembly of tissues and organs relies on spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression to coordinate cells' collective behavior. In Drosophila embryos, the midgut musculature is formed through collective migration of caudal visceral mesoderm (CVM) cells, but how gene expression changes as cells migrate is not well understood. Here, we focused on ten genes expressed in the CVM and cis-regulatory sequences controlling their expression. While some genes are continuously expressed, others are expressed only early or late during migration. Late expression relates to cell cycle progression, as driving string/Cdc25 causes earlier division of CVM cells and accelerates the transition to late gene expression. In particular, we found that cell cycle effector transcription factor E2f1 is a required input for late gene CG5080. Furthermore, while late genes are broadly expressed in all CVM cells, early gene transcripts are polarized to anterior or posterior ends of the migrating collective. We show this polarization requires transcription factors Snail, Zfh1, and Dorsocross. Collectively, these results identify two sequential gene expression programs bridged by cell division that support long-distance directional migration of CVM cells.
{"title":"Two sequential gene expression programs bridged by cell division support long-distance collective cell migration.","authors":"Jingjing Sun, Ayse Damla Durmaz, Aswini Babu, Frank Macabenta, A. Stathopoulos","doi":"10.1242/dev.202262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202262","url":null,"abstract":"The precise assembly of tissues and organs relies on spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression to coordinate cells' collective behavior. In Drosophila embryos, the midgut musculature is formed through collective migration of caudal visceral mesoderm (CVM) cells, but how gene expression changes as cells migrate is not well understood. Here, we focused on ten genes expressed in the CVM and cis-regulatory sequences controlling their expression. While some genes are continuously expressed, others are expressed only early or late during migration. Late expression relates to cell cycle progression, as driving string/Cdc25 causes earlier division of CVM cells and accelerates the transition to late gene expression. In particular, we found that cell cycle effector transcription factor E2f1 is a required input for late gene CG5080. Furthermore, while late genes are broadly expressed in all CVM cells, early gene transcripts are polarized to anterior or posterior ends of the migrating collective. We show this polarization requires transcription factors Snail, Zfh1, and Dorsocross. Collectively, these results identify two sequential gene expression programs bridged by cell division that support long-distance directional migration of CVM cells.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93), known as the "adult-specifier" transcription factor in insects, triggers metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. While E93 is conserved in ametabolous insects, its spatiotemporal expression and physiological function remain poorly understood. In this study, we first discovered that in the ametabolous firebrat Thermobia domestica, the previtellogenic ovary exhibits cyclically high E93 expression, and E93 mRNAs are broadly distributed in previtellogenic ovarioles. E93 homozygous mutant females of T. domestica exhibit severe fecundity deficiency due to impaired previtellogenic development of the ovarian follicles, likely because E93 induces the expression of genes involved in ECM (extracellular matrix)-receptor interactions during previtellogenesis. Moreover, we revealed that in the hemimetabolous cockroach Blattella germanica, E93 similarly promotes previtellogenic ovarian development. In addition, E93 is also essential for vitellogenesis to guarantee ovarian maturation and promotes the vitellogenesis-previtellogenesis switch in the fat body of adult female cockroaches. Our findings deepen the understanding of the roles of E93 in controlling reproduction in insects and of E93 expression and functional evolution, which are proposed to have made crucial contributions to the origin of insect metamorphosis.
{"title":"E93 is indispensable for reproduction in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects.","authors":"Yu Bai, Ya-Nan Lv, Mei Zeng, Zi-Yu Yan, Dan-Yan Huang, Jia-Zhen Wen, Hu-Na Lu, Pei-Yan Zhang, Yi-Fan Wang, Ning Ban, Dong-Wei Yuan, Sheng Li, Yun-Xia Luan","doi":"10.1242/dev.202518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202518","url":null,"abstract":"Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93), known as the \"adult-specifier\" transcription factor in insects, triggers metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. While E93 is conserved in ametabolous insects, its spatiotemporal expression and physiological function remain poorly understood. In this study, we first discovered that in the ametabolous firebrat Thermobia domestica, the previtellogenic ovary exhibits cyclically high E93 expression, and E93 mRNAs are broadly distributed in previtellogenic ovarioles. E93 homozygous mutant females of T. domestica exhibit severe fecundity deficiency due to impaired previtellogenic development of the ovarian follicles, likely because E93 induces the expression of genes involved in ECM (extracellular matrix)-receptor interactions during previtellogenesis. Moreover, we revealed that in the hemimetabolous cockroach Blattella germanica, E93 similarly promotes previtellogenic ovarian development. In addition, E93 is also essential for vitellogenesis to guarantee ovarian maturation and promotes the vitellogenesis-previtellogenesis switch in the fat body of adult female cockroaches. Our findings deepen the understanding of the roles of E93 in controlling reproduction in insects and of E93 expression and functional evolution, which are proposed to have made crucial contributions to the origin of insect metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"68 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140675822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in fluorescence microscopy and tissue-clearing have revolutionised 3D imaging of fluorescently labelled tissues, organs and embryos. However, the complexity and high cost of existing software and computing solutions limit their widespread adoption, especially by researchers with limited resources. Here, we present Acto3D, an open-source software, designed to streamline the generation and analysis of high-resolution 3D images of targets labelled with multiple fluorescent probes. Acto3D provides an intuitive interface for easy 3D data import and visualisation. Although Acto3D offers straightforward 3D viewing, it performs all computations explicitly, giving users detailed control over the displayed images. Leveraging an integrated graphics processing unit, Acto3D deploys all pixel data to system memory, reducing visualisation latency. This approach facilitates accurate image reconstruction and efficient data processing in 3D, eliminating the need for expensive high-performance computers and dedicated graphics processing units. We have also introduced a method for efficiently extracting lumen structures in 3D. We have validated Acto3D by imaging mouse embryonic structures and by performing 3D reconstruction of pharyngeal arch arteries while preserving fluorescence information. Acto3D is a cost-effective and efficient platform for biological research.
{"title":"Acto3D: an open-source user-friendly volume rendering software for high-resolution 3D fluorescence imaging in biology.","authors":"Naoki Takeshita, Shinichiro Sakaki, Rie Saba, Satoshi Inoue, Kosuke Nishikawa, Atsuko Ueyama, Yoshiro Nakajima, Kazuhiko Matsuo, Masaki Shigeta, Daisuke Kobayashi, Hideya Yamazaki, Kei Yamada, Tomoko Iehara, Kenta Yashiro","doi":"10.1242/dev.202550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202550","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in fluorescence microscopy and tissue-clearing have revolutionised 3D imaging of fluorescently labelled tissues, organs and embryos. However, the complexity and high cost of existing software and computing solutions limit their widespread adoption, especially by researchers with limited resources. Here, we present Acto3D, an open-source software, designed to streamline the generation and analysis of high-resolution 3D images of targets labelled with multiple fluorescent probes. Acto3D provides an intuitive interface for easy 3D data import and visualisation. Although Acto3D offers straightforward 3D viewing, it performs all computations explicitly, giving users detailed control over the displayed images. Leveraging an integrated graphics processing unit, Acto3D deploys all pixel data to system memory, reducing visualisation latency. This approach facilitates accurate image reconstruction and efficient data processing in 3D, eliminating the need for expensive high-performance computers and dedicated graphics processing units. We have also introduced a method for efficiently extracting lumen structures in 3D. We have validated Acto3D by imaging mouse embryonic structures and by performing 3D reconstruction of pharyngeal arch arteries while preserving fluorescence information. Acto3D is a cost-effective and efficient platform for biological research.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"49 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis by removing old, damaged and apoptotic cells. During metamorphosis, the fruit fly larval fat body undergoes cell death and is eventually replaced by the adult fat body. In a new study, Adam Bajgar and colleagues find that macrophages convert dying larval adipocytes into nutrients to be utilised by other tissues during post-metamorphic development. To find out more about the story behind the paper, we caught up with first author Gabriela Krejčová and corresponding author Adam Bajgar, Associate Professor at the University of South Bohemia.
巨噬细胞通过清除老化、受损和凋亡的细胞来维持组织的平衡。果蝇幼虫脂肪体在蜕变过程中会发生细胞死亡，最终被成虫脂肪体取代。在一项新的研究中，Adam Bajgar及其同事发现，巨噬细胞能将濒死的幼虫脂肪细胞转化为营养物质，以便在蜕变后的发育过程中被其他组织利用。为了进一步了解论文背后的故事，我们采访了论文的第一作者 Gabriela Krejčová 和通讯作者、南波西米亚大学副教授 Adam Bajgar。
{"title":"The people behind the papers - Gabriela Krejčová and Adam Bajgar.","authors":"","doi":"10.1242/dev.202859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202859","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis by removing old, damaged and apoptotic cells. During metamorphosis, the fruit fly larval fat body undergoes cell death and is eventually replaced by the adult fat body. In a new study, Adam Bajgar and colleagues find that macrophages convert dying larval adipocytes into nutrients to be utilised by other tissues during post-metamorphic development. To find out more about the story behind the paper, we caught up with first author Gabriela Krejčová and corresponding author Adam Bajgar, Associate Professor at the University of South Bohemia.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140770678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajendhran Rajakumar is a cross-appointed Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Ottawa, Canada. Rajendhran's lab uses multiple integrative approaches to understand how environmental factors act on evolution and development (eco-evo-devo) and how this leads to the evolution of biodiversity. We spoke to Rajee over Teams to learn more about his passion for emerging and model systems, most notably ants, and the importance of serendipity in research.
{"title":"Transitions in development – an interview with Rajendhran Rajakumar","authors":"","doi":"10.1242/dev.202840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202840","url":null,"abstract":"Rajendhran Rajakumar is a cross-appointed Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Ottawa, Canada. Rajendhran's lab uses multiple integrative approaches to understand how environmental factors act on evolution and development (eco-evo-devo) and how this leads to the evolution of biodiversity. We spoke to Rajee over Teams to learn more about his passion for emerging and model systems, most notably ants, and the importance of serendipity in research.","PeriodicalId":505872,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":"430 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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