Developing World Bioethics最新文献

Research integrity remains a challenge to public trust in science around the world. Retracted scientific papers can erode the public's trust by raising doubt about the reliability of the published literature. This paper assesses article retractions involving Mexican authors through analysis of relevant data and retraction patterns. The study examines 55 retracted articles with Mexican corresponding authors, categorizing them by publication venue, article type, scientific area, reasons for retraction, and time between publication and retraction. The findings underscore core challenges to research integrity in Mexico and the need to strengthen both research training and research integrity initiatives in Mexican research institutions. The paper concludes with recommendations for contextually relevant strategies for Mexican academia to foster research integrity.

This article analyzes the interplay between Ubuntu's philosophy: "I am, because we are; and because we are, therefore I am" with the expression "We are all in this together," which resounded mostly in North America and Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article argues that the expression "We are all in this together" directly or indirectly adopted Ubuntu's philosophy of relational solidarity in handling and navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. The expression implicitly acknowledges that pandemics can be mitigated through collaboration, shared responsibility, and relational solidarity.

There is an ongoing debate on how to balance the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence (AI), especially in healthcare. In resource-constrained settings, such as Africa, where access to quality care remains a challenge, AI has the potential to improve efficiency, accessibility, and patient outcomes. Yet, its development and deployment raise complex ethical, legal, ecological, and socioeconomic concerns. To ensure context-sensitive solutions, this paper introduces Ubuntu, a traditional African ethical philosophy, as a guiding framework for AI in African healthcare. Ubuntu offers a people-centered alternative to dominant Western-centric models, providing a culturally grounded lens for interpreting justice-related principles in line with Africa's unique needs and realities. Drawing on Ubuntu's five core values of communalism, interdependence, humanism, sharing, and compassion, we analyze how these principles can ethically guide AI across three normative pillars: justice and fairness, solidarity, and sustainability. For each, we identify risks and offer concrete, culturally resonant strategies to address them. In doing so, we undertake a distinctive scholarly contribution that meaningfully enriches the emerging discourse on decolonizing AI by reframing Ubuntu not only as a moral compass but also as a strategic tool for structural reform and innovation.

Anaesthesia waste gases (AWGs) represent a significant yet often overlooked contributor to healthcare's environmental footprint, with implications extending beyond ecological concerns to encompass occupational hazards and complex ethical considerations. This article examines the intersection of AWGs and bioethics through the framework of environmental stewardship, occupational health principles, patient-centered care, and distributive justice. Contemporary volatile anaesthetics possess global warming potentials thousands of times greater than carbon dioxide, while implicated occupational exposures raise concerns about reproductive health and neurological function among healthcare workers. The bioethical paradigms of principalism-encompassing nonmaleficence, beneficence, autonomy, and justice-and environmental ethics provide structured approaches to addressing these multifaceted challenges. This review synthesizes current evidence regarding AWGs' environmental and occupational impacts, evaluates emerging mitigation strategies, and proposes an integrated ethical framework to guide clinical practice, institutional policy, and professional standards in anaesthesiology.