Dendrochronologia最新文献_第10页

Comparison of xylem anatomical traits among three maple species and their climate relationships across slope positions in northeast China 东北3种枫木质部解剖特征比较及其坡位气候关系

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126347

Kexin Jin , Jia Yao , Yuxin Bai , Zhulin Li , Mengguo Nie , Xingxing Li , Xiaochun Wang

•
Xylem anatomical characteristics vary among the three Acer species.

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At different slope positions, a trade-off exists between hydraulic safety and efficiency in xylem anatomical characteristics.

•
The temperature and precipitation throughout the growing season (July-September) exert a significant impact on the xylem anatomical traits, and distinct discrepancies are observed in the response patterns across varying slope positions.

The Acer genus is a major group in temperate forests of northeast China, but studies on how the xylem anatomical features of different Acer species respond to climate conditions are few. This study uses wood anatomy techniques to investigate the radial growth and xylem vessel features of A. mandshuricum, A. tataricum and A. tegmentosum at two slope positions in response to climate factors. The results shows that the ring width (RW) of A. tegmentosum is the widest, with large but few vessels. The RW of A. tataricum is the narrowest, with small but more vessels. The vessel density (VD) and theoretical water conductivity (Ks) of A. mandshuricum are significantly higher on middle slope than on downhill slope. The Dh of A. tataricum is significantly higher on the middle slope than on the downhill slope, but the VD was the opposite. The Ks and Dh of A. tegmentosum are significantly higher on the middle slope than on the downhill slope. However, the VD is significantly lower on the middle slope. The RW of A. mandshuricum is significantly correlated with water conditions from July to September. The Ks and Dh of A. tegmentosum are constrained by the monthly maximum temperature (T_max) on the downhill slope, while the vessel characteristics on the middle slope are mainly positively correlated with T_max. The RW of A. tegmentosum is positively correlated with monthly minimum temperature (T_min) on the middle slope, while the RW of A. tataricum is inhibited by T_max, and the Ks is affected by T_min. This study provides an important scientific basis for understanding the mechanisms by which different slope positions and species of trees respond to climate conditions.

•三种槭属植物的木质部解剖特征各不相同。•在不同的斜坡位置，木质部解剖特征的水力安全性和效率之间存在权衡。•整个生长季节（7 - 9月）的温度和降水对木质部解剖性状有显著影响，且不同坡位的响应模式存在明显差异。摘要槭属是中国东北温带森林的一个重要类群，但不同槭属木质部解剖特征对气候条件的响应研究较少。本研究利用木材解剖技术，研究了两个坡位上mandshuricum、tartaricum和tegmentosum的径向生长和木质部导管特征对气候因子的响应。结果表明：毛竹的环宽（RW）最宽，血管大而少；水杨花的RW最窄，血管虽小但较多。水曲柳的导管密度（VD）和理论水电导率（Ks）在中坡显著高于下坡。中坡柽柳的Dh显著高于下坡，而VD则相反。中坡的白沙草的Ks和Dh显著高于下坡。而中间坡的VD明显较低。7 ~ 9月，水曲柳的RW与水分条件呈极显著相关。下坡月最高温度（Tmax）约束了沙草的Ks和Dh，而中坡的血管特征主要与Tmax正相关。柽柳的RW与中坡月最低温度（Tmin）呈正相关，柽柳的RW受Tmax的抑制，Ks受Tmin的影响。该研究为了解不同坡位和树种对气候条件的响应机制提供了重要的科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Tree growth responses to summer temperature on the Korean Peninsula detected by tree-ring blue intensity 用树木年轮蓝色强度探测朝鲜半岛树木生长对夏季温度的响应

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126345

Min-Seok Kim , Mauricio Fuentes , Hans W. Linderholm , Frida Lidman , Youngdae Koh , Chanhyuk Choi , Jee-Hoon Jeong

Tree-ring blue intensity (BI), a relatively new proxy using the amount of blue light reflected from tree-ring cores, has garnered considerable attention in dendroclimatology due to its effectiveness in capturing climate signals. While the application of BI in climate reconstructions is spreading across the world, it has not yet been fully explored in East Asia. In this pilot study, tree-ring width (TRW) and BI (earlywood BI, maximum latewood BI, and delta BI) chronologies were developed from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) on Mt. Seorak in the Korean Peninsula. While the BI chronologies developed in this study exhibited relatively weak series intercorrelations, they nonetheless captured significant and consistent summer temperature signals, demonstrating their dendroclimatological potential. In particular, the delta BI (DBI) chronology was well correlated with summer (July to August) mean temperature at both local and regional scales. In contrast to the TRW chronology, which failed to capture a consistent climate-related signal, the DBI chronology consistently retained the tree growth response to summer temperature variability from the early 20th century to the present. Further large-scale correlation analysis demonstrated that the DBI chronology can be used in the historical reconstruction of the circumglobal teleconnection pattern and the subtropical jet stream. These findings show that the application of the BI methodology can significantly enhance the ability of tree-ring data to capture climate signals that are not apparent in TRW in subtropical East Asia.

树木年轮蓝强度（BI）是一种利用树木年轮核心反射的蓝光量的相对较新的替代指标，由于其在捕获气候信号方面的有效性，在树木气候学中引起了相当大的关注。虽然BI在气候重建中的应用正在全球范围内推广，但在东亚尚未得到充分的探索。在本初步研究中，对红松(Pinus koraiensis Siebold &；在韩半岛的雪岳山。虽然本研究中开发的BI年表显示出相对较弱的序列相互关系，但它们仍然捕获了重要且一致的夏季温度信号，证明了它们的树木气候学潜力。特别是，在局地和区域尺度上，δ BI （DBI）年代学与夏季（7 ~ 8月）平均气温具有较好的相关性。与TRW年表未能捕获一致的气候相关信号相比，DBI年表始终保留了树木生长对20世纪初至今夏季温度变化的响应。进一步的大尺度相关分析表明，DBI年表可用于全球距平型和副热带急流的历史重建。这些结果表明，应用BI方法可以显著增强树木年轮数据捕捉气候信号的能力，而这些信号在亚热带东亚的TRW中并不明显。

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引用次数: 0

Notes on the Larix/Picea wood identification problem: Dendrochronological and wood anatomical insights from a subfossil stem disk 关于落叶松/云杉木材鉴定问题的注释：从亚化石茎盘获得的树木年代学和木材解剖学见解

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126342

Alan Crivellaro , Flavio Ruffinatto , Paola Nola , Renzo Motta , Michele Freppaz , Marta Monterin , Alma Piermattei

The decades-old problem of distinguishing spruce (Picea sp.) from larch (Larix sp.) wood is still debated in wood identification. Although species-specific anatomical traits have been proposed to address this issue, their variable appearance and limited diagnostic power hinder reliable differentiation, particularly for archaeological wood samples. Finding a stem disk collected over a century ago from a glacial moraine deposit brought us to face the Larix/Picea identification problem again. Here, we skimmed the literature for wood anatomical features typical for each species and examined these traits in the subfossil wood disk. Key features assessed included heartwood and sapwood colour differences, earlywood-to-latewood transitions, tracheid pitting in radial walls, ray tracheid pit borders, the number of epithelial cells per resin canal, and the position of resin canals in rays. Additionally, we measured tree-ring widths to attempt dendrochronological dating of the disk. Tree-ring measurements enabled precise dating and revealed a quasi-decadal occurrence of narrow and light rings, indicative of cyclical larch budmoth (Zeiraphera diniana Gn.) infestations. Based on the presence of these characteristic budmoth rings and successful crossdating with 31 published and unpublished larch chronologies, compared to poor correlation with spruce chronologies, we conclusively identified the disk as Larix decidua Mill. However, our wood anatomical observations did not distinguish between spruce and larch reliably, suggesting that some features may vary with tree age and stem position. This highlights the need for further investigation with targeted sampling of living trees to validate the diagnostic utility of certain anatomical features.

区分云杉（Picea sp.）和落叶松（Larix sp.）木材的问题已经存在了几十年，在木材鉴定中仍然存在争议。虽然已经提出了物种特异性解剖特征来解决这个问题，但它们的可变外观和有限的诊断能力阻碍了可靠的区分，特别是对于考古木材样本。在一个多世纪前从冰川冰碛沉积物中发现了一个茎盘，这让我们再次面临落叶松/云杉的识别问题。在这里，我们浏览了每个物种典型的木材解剖特征的文献，并在亚化石木盘中检查了这些特征。评估的主要特征包括心材和边材的颜色差异、早木材到晚木材的转变、径向壁管胞孔、射线管胞孔边界、每个树脂管上皮细胞的数量以及树脂管在射线中的位置。此外，我们测量了树木年轮的宽度，试图对磁盘进行树木年代学测定。树木年轮的测量使得精确的年代测定得以实现，并揭示了窄而轻的年轮的准十年发生，这表明了落叶松budmoth （Zeiraphera diniana Gn.）的周期性侵扰。基于这些特征的budmoth年轮的存在，以及与31个已发表和未发表的落叶松年轮的成功杂交，对比与云杉年轮的相关性较差，我们最终确定该盘为落叶松（Larix decidua Mill）。然而，我们的木材解剖观察并不能可靠地区分云杉和落叶松，这表明一些特征可能随着树龄和茎位而变化。这突出了需要进一步的研究，有针对性地采样活树，以验证某些解剖特征的诊断效用。

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引用次数: 0

Removing the transition wood carryover effect from latewood blue intensity to improve climate signals from Tsuga canadensis in the eastern United States 消除后期木材蓝强度的过渡木材携带效应以改善美国东部加拿大Tsuga的气候信号

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126344

Justin T. Maxwell , Karen E. King , Grant L. Harley

Tree rings have long provided critical insights into past temperature variability and extremes, helping to contextualize recent warming trends. In recent decades, blue intensity (BI), a light-based reflectivity method, has become a widely used and cost-effective tool for estimating densiometric ring growth, often yielding stronger temperature signals than radial width measurements. However, certain aspects of BI remain underexplored, particularly the potential of a carryover effect from transition wood blue intensity (TBI) on latewood blue intensity (LWBI). In this study, we analyzed Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock) to determine whether removing the carryover effect of TBI improves the climate signal embedded within LWBI. Across 14 sites, TBI was significantly correlated with LWBI (mean r = 0.42, p < 0.01), suggesting a carryover effect. By removing the influence of TBI, the adjusted LWBI (LWBIa) reduced spring correlations (March-April; meanΔ = −0.05) while increasing correlations with August temperatures (meanΔ = +0.04) and growing season average Tmax (May-September; meanΔ = +0.04). LWBIa outperformed DeltaBI, with 93 % of sites showing improved correlations with August Tmax compared to 57 % for DeltaBI. However, LWBIa reduced correlations for September, limiting improvements in late summer averages (August-September). These findings demonstrate that adjusting LWBI by accounting for the carryover effect of TBI can improve temperature sensitivity for August and the growing season, potentially enhancing the accuracy of BI-based reconstruction models. Further studies are needed to evaluate this adjustment across other species and regions to fully assess its broader applicability.

长期以来，树木年轮为过去的温度变化和极端情况提供了重要的见解，有助于了解最近的变暖趋势。近几十年来，蓝色强度（BI），一种基于光的反射率方法，已经成为一种广泛使用且具有成本效益的估计密度环生长的工具，通常比径向宽度测量产生更强的温度信号。然而，BI的某些方面仍未得到充分探索，特别是过渡木蓝强度（TBI）对后期木蓝强度（LWBI）的潜在延续效应。在这项研究中，我们分析了加拿大铁杉（Tsuga canadensis）（东部铁杉），以确定去除TBI的结转效应是否会改善LWBI中嵌入的气候信号。在14个站点中，TBI与LWBI显著相关（平均r = 0.42,p <； 0.01），表明存在结转效应。通过去除TBI的影响，调整后的LWBI （LWBIa）降低了春季相关性(3 - 4月；meanΔ =−0.05)，与8月气温（meanΔ = +0.04）和生长期平均Tmax(5 - 9月；MeanΔ = +0.04)。LWBIa优于DeltaBI，与DeltaBI的57 %相比，有93 %的网站显示与8月Tmax的相关性有所改善。然而，LWBIa降低了9月份的相关性，限制了夏末平均值（8月至9月）的改善。这些结果表明，通过考虑TBI的结转效应来调整LWBI可以提高8月和生长季节的温度敏感性，从而提高基于bi的重建模型的准确性。需要进一步的研究来评估其他物种和地区的这种调整，以充分评估其更广泛的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating optimal percentile pairs for a Weibull-based diameter distribution in European black pine stands 评价基于威布尔的欧洲黑松林分直径分布的最佳百分位数对

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126341

Onur Alkan

Understanding the diameter distribution of forest stands is essential for sustainable forest management, as it offers critical information about stand structure, growth dynamics, and potential timber yield. This study aims to identify the optimal percentile pairs and the most suitable modeling approaches for characterizing the diameter distribution of European black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) stands in Türkiye via a three-parameter Weibull distribution. A Percentile-based recovery method was utilized for recovering the Weibull parameters. Eight percentile pairs (10th and 90th, 25th and 50th, 25th and 75th, 31st and 63rd, 31st and 95th, 50th and 75th, 50th and 95th, and 63rd and 75th percentiles) were evaluated through four different estimation approaches: ordinary least squares (OLS), seemingly unrelated regression (SUR), cumulative distribution function regression (CDFR), and stand table regression (STR). The results indicate that the percentile pair 31st and 63rd, when combined with CDFR, demonstrated the highest overall performance. In contrast, the 50th and 75th pairs combined with OLS and SUR demonstrated a lower performance. Among the estimation approaches, CDFR consistently achieves the best parameter recovery across most percentile pairs, whereas OLS and SUR often result in less accurate estimations. These findings suggest that specific percentile pairs, particularly 31st and 63rd, in combination with CDFR, offer superior characterization of diameters in black pine stands. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of different percentile pairs and estimation approaches, contributing valuable information for forest management and modeling practices.

了解林分直径分布对森林可持续管理至关重要，因为它提供了林分结构、生长动态和潜在木材产量的关键信息。本研究旨在通过三参数威布尔分布，确定 rkiye地区欧洲黑松（Pinus nigra Arn.）林分直径分布的最佳百分位数对和最合适的建模方法。采用基于百分位的恢复方法恢复威布尔参数。通过普通最小二乘法（OLS）、看似不相关回归（SUR）、累积分布函数回归（CDFR）和站立表回归（STR）四种不同的估计方法对8个百分位对（第10和90、第25和第50、第25和第75、第31和第63、第63和第75百分位）进行评估。结果表明，当结合CDFR时，百分位对31和63表现出最高的综合性能。相比之下，第50对和第75对结合OLS和SUR表现出较低的性能。在估计方法中，CDFR始终在大多数百分位数对中实现最佳参数恢复，而OLS和SUR通常导致较不准确的估计。这些结果表明，特定的百分位数对，特别是31和63，结合CDFR，可以更好地表征黑松林分的直径。本研究提供了不同的百分位对和估算方法的综合评价，为森林管理和建模实践提供了有价值的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Rethinking ‘clearcut’ methods: Embracing methodological diversity in pointer-year detection 反思 "一刀切 "的方法：拥抱指针年检测方法的多样性

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126338

Ernst van der Maaten , Gottfried Jetschke , Marieke van der Maaten-Theunissen

引用次数: 0

Improving the climate signal of tree-ring blue intensity of sub-fossil wood using hydrogen peroxide: An example from the gulf of Alaska, USA 利用过氧化氢改善亚化石木材年轮蓝强度的气候信号：以美国阿拉斯加湾为例

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126340

Wenshuo Zhao , Junpeng Fu , Nick Wiesenberg , Benjamin V. Gaglioti , Gregory C. Wiles

Blue intensity (BI) in tree-rings is a proxy for maximum latewood density (MXD) and has been widely used to reconstruct annual growing-season temperatures. BI records are more easily produced than MXD because their measurement requires fewer resources, however, there remain obstacles with samples that have color differences not related to wood density. Color differences between stained sub-fossil logs and unstained living trees in particular can cause systematic shifts in BI chronologies and thus limit paleoclimate reconstructions. Here we report on a promising treatment for sub-fossil wood destaining using hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) on mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) logs that were overrun by glaciers and preserved in sediments for several centuries from sites along the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We found that the removal of this taphonomic wood staining is best accomplished using a 24-h bath in 12 % hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) at room temperature. The bleaching may have been achieved through the oxidative de-chelation of the Fe species from the Fe-tannate complex which is thought to be the source of wood color stain. BI measurements made before and after bleaching of 60 samples spanning 682 years indicate that the destaining leads to an improved inter-correlation of BI indices. This included a 26 % higher correlation for delta BI, 19 % higher for latewood and 7 % greater for earlywood BI. The standard deviation for delta BI measurement also increased after the treatment (0.071–0.090). We further tested the potential improvement of the climate signal after soaking by comparing an independent temperature reconstruction based on ring-widths through the 1050–1350 CE interval, which showed an improved climate signal for all BI parameters in terms of the variance of temperature explained after soaking. This includes a 19 % higher improvement for latewood BI, 5 % higher for delta BI and 12.5 % higher with the post-treatment earlywood BI. Furthermore, EPS and Rbar chronology statistics were significantly improved and the improvement is relatively insensitive to the standardization used. This work documents how H₂O₂ destaining can improve the development of mountain hemlock BI tree-ring records and that it could potentially help in similar BI chronologies that include stained sub-fossil samples.

树木年轮的蓝色强度（BI）是最大晚木密度（MXD）的代表，已被广泛用于重建年生长季节的温度。BI记录比MXD记录更容易生成，因为它们的测量需要更少的资源，然而，对于具有与木材密度无关的色差的样品仍然存在障碍。特别是染色的亚化石原木和未染色的活树之间的颜色差异可能导致BI年代学的系统性变化，从而限制了古气候的重建。在这里，我们报告了一种很有前途的亚化石木材染色处理方法，使用过氧化氢（H2O2）处理高山铁杉（Tsuga mertensiana）原木，这些原木被冰川淹没，在阿拉斯加湾（GOA）沿岸的沉积物中保存了几个世纪。我们发现，在室温下用12 %过氧化氢（H2O2）浸泡24小时，可以最好地去除这种木材染色。漂白可能是通过铁单宁酸络合物中铁的氧化脱螯作用实现的，铁单宁酸络合物被认为是木色染色的来源。对60个跨越682年的样品进行漂白前后的BI测量表明，漂白导致BI指数的相互相关性得到改善。这包括三角洲BI的相关性高26 %，晚木BI的相关性高19 %，早木BI的相关性高7 %。治疗后δ BI测量的标准差也增加（0.071 ~ 0.090）。通过比较1050-1350 CE区间内基于环宽度的独立温度重建，我们进一步测试了浸泡后气候信号的潜在改善，从温度方差的角度来看，浸泡后所有BI参数的气候信号都有所改善。这包括后期木材BI提高19 %，三角洲BI提高5 %，处理后的早期木材BI提高12.5 %。此外，EPS和Rbar年表统计数据得到了显著改善，而且这种改善对所用的标准化相对不敏感。这项工作记录了H2O2染色如何改善山铁杉BI树年轮记录的发展，并可能有助于类似的BI年表，包括染色的亚化石样本。

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引用次数: 0

Correcting the heartwood-sapwood transition in blue intensity measurements with change point detection methods 用变化点检测法校正蓝色强度测量中的心材-边材过渡

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126336

Hung T.T. Nguyen , Rory Abernethy , Rob Wilson , Daniel L. Druckenbrod , Kathryn J. Allen , Brendan M. Buckley , Edward R. Cook , Rosanne D’Arrigo , Jonathan G. Palmer

Delta blue intensity is a commonly used method to correct for the heartwood-sapwood color change in blue intensity (BI) measurements. It is based on the assumption that the heartwood-sapwood color change is similar in both earlywood and latewood. This assumption has not been supported physiologically. Furthermore, delta BI may confound the climate signals in earlywood and latewood BI as it is technically a linear combination of the other two. Here, instead of using delta BI, we used change point detection to identify the heartwood-sapwood transition, and corrected for the color change by rescaling the mean and variance of BI measurements after the transition to those immediately before. We tested three different change point detection methods and found that they agreed well with one another. Importantly, our approach preserves the climate signals in both earlywood and latewood BI data, while delta BI causes a total loss of climate signals in our test case. Therefore, we suggest that change point detection should be used instead of delta BI to account for the heartwood-sapwood color change.

δ蓝强度是一种常用的方法来纠正心材-边材的颜色变化的蓝色强度（BI）测量。它是基于假设心材和边材的颜色变化在早木和晚木中是相似的。这一假设尚未得到生理学上的支持。此外，三角洲BI可能会混淆早坞和晚坞BI的气候信号，因为它在技术上是另外两者的线性组合。在这里，我们没有使用delta BI，而是使用变化点检测来识别心材-边材的过渡，并通过将过渡后的BI测量值的均值和方差重新缩放到之前的值来校正颜色变化。我们测试了三种不同的变化点检测方法，发现它们之间的一致性很好。重要的是，我们的方法保留了早期和晚期wood BI数据中的气候信号，而delta BI在我们的测试用例中导致气候信号的完全丢失。因此，我们建议使用变化点检测来代替delta BI来解释心材-边材的颜色变化。

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引用次数: 0

Cork-ring width responds to climate depending on local site dryness 软木环的宽度根据当地的干燥程度对气候做出反应

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126339

J. Julio Camarero , Ángel Fernández-Cortés , Michele Colangelo

Cork, the bark of cork oak (Quercus suber), is a major non-wood forest product in the Mediterranean Basin, but its future production will depend on forecast warmer and drier conditions. The comparison of topographically contrasting sites, subjected to different soil water availability, may be used as an analogous situation to projected aridification. We quantified cork and wood production and cork responses to climate variability and drought indices at dry (slope ridge) and wet (valley bottom) sites located in a relict cork oak population in north-eastern Spain. We also calculated intrinsic water-use efficiency cork (iWUE) by analysing C isotope ratios (δ¹³C) in annual cork samples. In the wet site, tree- and cork-rings were wider than in the dry site, where cork δ¹³C and iWUE were higher, particularly during moderate droughts. Cork and radial growth covaried in both sites and the slopes of their linear regressions were similar between dry and wet sites. In the dry site, cork width increased as June-July soil moisture did, whereas cork iWUE decreased as May soil moisture increased. Moist soil conditions in the prior October and March also enhanced cork growth at both sites, whilst wet prior winter conditions reduced cork iWUE at the dry site. Our findings show how cork production depends on local soil water availability. Cork δ¹³C can be used and combined with wood information to trace the physiological status of cork oak trees in response to drought stress.

软木，即栓皮栎（栓皮栎）的树皮，是地中海盆地主要的非木材林产品，但其未来的产量将取决于预测的温暖和干燥的条件。地形上不同地点的比较，受到不同土壤水分的影响，可以用作预测干旱化的类似情况。我们量化了位于西班牙东北部一个废弃栓皮栎种群的干（坡脊）和湿（谷底）地点的软木和木材产量以及软木对气候变率和干旱指数的响应。我们还通过分析年度软木样本中的C同位素比率（δ13C）计算了软木的内在水利用效率（iWUE）。在湿润样地，树环和软木环比干燥样地更宽，软木环的δ13C和iWUE更高，特别是在中度干旱时。两个地点的软木和径向生长共变，其线性回归斜率在干湿地点相似。在干旱区，软木宽度随6 - 7月土壤湿度的增加而增加，而软木iWUE随5月土壤湿度的增加而减少。十月前和三月前的潮湿土壤条件也促进了两个地点的软木生长，而冬季前的潮湿条件降低了干燥地点的软木iWUE。我们的研究结果表明，软木塞的生产如何取决于当地的土壤水分供应。软木δ13C可以与木材信息相结合，追踪栓皮栎在干旱胁迫下的生理状态。

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引用次数: 0

Local timber dominated pre-industrial construction: Insights from archival and dendrochronological data 当地木材主导前工业建筑：来自档案和树木年代学数据的见解

IF 2.7 3区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Dendrochronologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126337

Péter Szabó , Petr Dobrovolný , Tomáš Kolář , Michal Rybníček , Josef Kyncl , Tomáš Kyncl

In pre-modern Europe, timber was notoriously difficult and costly to transport on land, therefore it is usually assumed that ordinary buildings – except for those close to navigable watercourses – were constructed using timber from local sources. We hypothesized that species of timber used in constructions prior to the late 19th century were commonly available in forests within a short distance from the location of the constructions. To test this hypothesis, we compared high-resolution archival information on the tree species composition of forests in Moravia (eastern Czech Republic, ca. 27,000 km²) in the 18th and 19th centuries to a database of 1231 dated timber constructions in the same region and period. Our analysis was based on the mutual distances between the locations of timber constructions and the occurrences of forests with the given tree species. We compared real distances with distances obtained through random simulations. Results showed that in more than half of the cases, the tree species from constructions occurred in the forests of the same township. In the rest of the cases, the modal distance values to the centroid of the nearest township where the same species was present in the forests were usually less than two kilometres and distances larger than five kilometres were generally rare. While our results testify to the availability of timber rather than to the direct source of particular pieces of timber, they strongly suggest that timber was usually sourced locally. We believe our interdisciplinary study demonstrated the usefulness of archival data in the research of timber sourcing. For future studies, we see the combination of our approach with dendroprovenancing and other natural scientific methods as the most promising way to gain deeper knowledge on the sourcing of timber.

在前现代欧洲，木材在陆地上运输是出了名的困难和昂贵，因此通常认为普通建筑物-除了靠近通航水道的建筑物-都是用当地的木材建造的。我们假设，在19世纪末之前，建筑中使用的木材种类通常可以在离建筑位置很近的森林中找到。为了验证这一假设，我们将18世纪和19世纪摩拉维亚（捷克共和国东部，约27,000 km2）森林树种组成的高分辨率档案信息与同一地区和同一时期的1231个木结构建筑的数据库进行了比较。我们的分析是基于木结构建筑的位置和给定树种的森林发生之间的相互距离。我们将实际距离与随机模拟得到的距离进行了比较。结果表明，半数以上的工程树种发生在同一乡镇的森林中。在其他情况下，与森林中存在相同物种的最近乡镇的质心的模态距离值通常小于2公里，大于5公里的距离通常很少。虽然我们的研究结果证明了木材的可用性，而不是特定木材的直接来源，但它们强烈表明木材通常是在当地采购的。我们相信我们的跨学科研究证明了档案数据在木材采购研究中的有用性。对于未来的研究，我们认为将我们的方法与树木改良和其他自然科学方法相结合是最有希望获得更深入的木材来源知识的方法。

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