Aleksey M. Emelin, I. Sorochanu, Z. P. Asaulenko, Vasilii А. Rogovoi, O. Popov, S. Mosenko, S. Apalko, Anton S. Buchaka, Sergey V. Gladchenko, A. Anisenkova, Sergey G. Shcherbak, R.V. Deev
BACKGROUND: An important feature of COVID-19 is the development of pronounced hypercoagulation with an increased risk of thrombotic damage to the pulmonary vascular bed, mainly the pulmonary arteries. Thrombosis of the pulmonary blood vessels causes a local violation of hemodynamics with the development of hyperemia, edema, which leads to a decrease in ventilation of the lung tissue area and serves as one of the causes of respiratory failure. AIM: This study aimed to conduct a morphological and morphometric analysis of the vascular bed of lung tissues in deceased with severe and extremely severe forms of new coronavirus infection who were on inpatient treatment in the period 2020-2022. METHODS: A pathomorphologic study of 129 autopsy cases with a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was performed. Morphometric analysis and statistical data processing of the pulmonary vascular system in histologic preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain, orcein stain and Martius Scarlet Blue (MSB) stain was performed. The control group consisted of 14 patients who died of cardiovascular disease with bilateral focal confluent pneumonia. RESULTS: It was found that the proportion of thrombosed vessels in the lung tissues of the deceased was 27.6%. In 87.2% of cases, thrombosis develops in small arteries (lumen diameter 30-500 microns) and small veins (lumen diameter 40-500 microns). The vascular-functional indices of Kernogan and Vogenworth were statistically significantly increased in small arteries and small veins of the 4th order (p=0.001), small arteries (p=0.001) and small veins of the 5th order (p=0.014) compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Diffuse involvement of small caliber blood vessels in the pathological process reflects the severity of specific hemocoagulopathic disorders in the lung tissue. Such disorders lead to the development of ventilation-perfusion disorders and entail an increase in right ventricular failure.
{"title":"Morphofunctional characteristics of the vessels of the small circle of blood circulation in those who died from severe and extremely severe forms of new coronavirus infection","authors":"Aleksey M. Emelin, I. Sorochanu, Z. P. Asaulenko, Vasilii А. Rogovoi, O. Popov, S. Mosenko, S. Apalko, Anton S. Buchaka, Sergey V. Gladchenko, A. Anisenkova, Sergey G. Shcherbak, R.V. Deev","doi":"10.17816/morph.625835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.625835","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: An important feature of COVID-19 is the development of pronounced hypercoagulation with an increased risk of thrombotic damage to the pulmonary vascular bed, mainly the pulmonary arteries. Thrombosis of the pulmonary blood vessels causes a local violation of hemodynamics with the development of hyperemia, edema, which leads to a decrease in ventilation of the lung tissue area and serves as one of the causes of respiratory failure. \u0000AIM: This study aimed to conduct a morphological and morphometric analysis of the vascular bed of lung tissues in deceased with severe and extremely severe forms of new coronavirus infection who were on inpatient treatment in the period 2020-2022. \u0000METHODS: A pathomorphologic study of 129 autopsy cases with a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was performed. Morphometric analysis and statistical data processing of the pulmonary vascular system in histologic preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain, orcein stain and Martius Scarlet Blue (MSB) stain was performed. The control group consisted of 14 patients who died of cardiovascular disease with bilateral focal confluent pneumonia. \u0000RESULTS: It was found that the proportion of thrombosed vessels in the lung tissues of the deceased was 27.6%. In 87.2% of cases, thrombosis develops in small arteries (lumen diameter 30-500 microns) and small veins (lumen diameter 40-500 microns). The vascular-functional indices of Kernogan and Vogenworth were statistically significantly increased in small arteries and small veins of the 4th order (p=0.001), small arteries (p=0.001) and small veins of the 5th order (p=0.014) compared with the control group. \u0000CONCLUSION: Diffuse involvement of small caliber blood vessels in the pathological process reflects the severity of specific hemocoagulopathic disorders in the lung tissue. Such disorders lead to the development of ventilation-perfusion disorders and entail an increase in right ventricular failure.","PeriodicalId":506132,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":"45 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Korzhevskii, Valeria V. Guselnikova, E. Petrova
On March 19, 2024, Evgeniy Ivanovich Chumasov, a well-known neuromorphologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, and Professor, celebrated his 85th birthday. Here we describe the stages of E.I. Chumasov’s scientific way in the field of normal and pathological neurohistology. Evgeniy Ivanovich is a highly qualified professional in cell biology, cytology, zoology, and histology. Throughout his life, he studied the histogenesis and regeneration of tissues of the central and peripheral nervous systems. He is a great specialist in the cultivation of the nervous tissue; his works on the development of embryonic anlages of the central nervous system and PNS in vitro and after transplantation are still highly relevant and being cited. He authored multiple books and textbooks, several patents, and inventions.
{"title":"To the anniversary of Evgeny Ivanovich Chumasov","authors":"D. Korzhevskii, Valeria V. Guselnikova, E. Petrova","doi":"10.17816/morph.625701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.625701","url":null,"abstract":"On March 19, 2024, Evgeniy Ivanovich Chumasov, a well-known neuromorphologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, and Professor, celebrated his 85th birthday. Here we describe the stages of E.I. Chumasov’s scientific way in the field of normal and pathological neurohistology. Evgeniy Ivanovich is a highly qualified professional in cell biology, cytology, zoology, and histology. Throughout his life, he studied the histogenesis and regeneration of tissues of the central and peripheral nervous systems. He is a great specialist in the cultivation of the nervous tissue; his works on the development of embryonic anlages of the central nervous system and PNS in vitro and after transplantation are still highly relevant and being cited. He authored multiple books and textbooks, several patents, and inventions.","PeriodicalId":506132,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":"105 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this work was to analyze the participation of domestic and foreign morphological scientists in the activities of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1724 until 1917, a number of outstanding morphologists were elected as full members of the Academy, among them - anatomist and embryologist K.F. Wolf, anatomist A.E. Protasov, embryologist, geologist and paleontologist H.G. Pander, naturalist K. E. Beer, embryologist A. O. Kovalevsky, physiologist, histologist and zoologist F. V. Ovsyannikov, histologist A. S. Dogel, anthropologist, ethnographer and geographer D. N. Anuchin. The academy’s connections with foreign scientists also developed, many of whom were elected corresponding members and foreign honorary members of the academy, among them a number of morphologists, comparative anatomists and histologists. Thus, the following were elected as foreign honorary members: René Antoine Reaumur (1683 - 1757, elected in 1737); Albrecht Haller (1708 – 1777, elected 1776); in 1802 Georges Cuvier (1769 – 1732) was elected; in 1826 – Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749 – 1832); in 1905 - Camillo Golgi (1844 - 1926). Correspondents were elected as foreign members: in 1826 - Robert Brown (1773 - 1858), who in 1827 became a full member of the academy; in 1826, Karl Ernst Baer (1792 - 1876) was elected foreign corresponding member, who after moving to Russia became its ordinary academician (1827), and then after his resignation, its honorary member (1862); in 1832 - Johannes Peter Müller (1801 - 1852); in 1836 - Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787 - 1869); in 1850 – Matthias Jacob Schleiden (1804 – 1881); in 1857 - Rudolf Albert Kölliker (1817 - 1905); in 1881 - Rudolf Virchow (1821 - 1902); in 1897 - Franz Leydig (1821 - 1908). Communication between foreign corresponding members and foreign honorary members was carried out with the academy in several directions, of which the main one was sending their works to the academy and publishing their works in the academy’s publications. Another direction was the training of students who were subjects of the Russian Empire, as well as the internship of young Russian researchers who were preparing for a professorship.
这部著作的目的是分析国内外形态学科学家参与帝国圣彼得堡科学院活动的情况。从 1724 年到 1917 年，许多杰出的形态学家被选为科学院的正式院士，其中包括：解剖学家和胚胎学家 K.F. Wolf，解剖学家 A.E. Protasov，胚胎学家、地质学家和古生物学家 H. G. Pander，博物学家 K. E. Beer，胚胎学家 A. K. G. Pander。G. Pander，博物学家 K. E. Beer，胚胎学家 A. O. Kovalevsky，生理学家、组织学家和动物学家 F. V. Ovsyannikov，组织学家 A. S. Dogel，人类学家、民族学家和地理学家 D. N. Anuchin。科学院与外国科学家的联系也得到了发展，其中许多人当选为科学院的通讯院士和外国荣誉院士，其中包括一些形态学家、比较解剖学家和组织学家。因此，以下人员当选为外国名誉会员：René Antoine Reaumur（1683 - 1757，1737 年当选）；Albrecht Haller（1708 - 1777，1776 年当选）；1802 年 Georges Cuvier（1769 - 1732）当选；1826 年 Johann Wolfgang Goethe（1749 - 1832）当选；1905 年 Camillo Golgi（1844 - 1926）当选。通讯员当选为外国会员：1826 年--罗伯特-布朗（Robert Brown，1773 - 1858 年），1827 年成为学院正式院士；1826 年，卡尔-恩斯特-贝尔（Karl Ernst Baer，1792 - 1876 年）当选为外国通讯院士，移居俄国后成为学院普通院士（1827 年），辞职后成为名誉院士（1862 年）；1832年--约翰内斯-彼得-穆勒（Johannes Peter Müller，1801 - 1852）；1836年--扬-伊万杰里斯塔-珀金耶（Jan Evangelista Purkinje，1787 - 1869）；1850年--马蒂亚斯-雅各布-施莱登（Matthias Jacob Schleiden，1804 - 1881）；1857年--鲁道夫-阿尔伯特-科利克（Rudolf Albert Kölliker，1817 - 1905）；1881年--鲁道夫-维尔乔（Rudolf Virchow，1821 - 1902）；1897年--弗朗茨-莱迪希（Franz Leydig，1821 - 1908）。外国通讯会员和外国名誉会员与学院的交流有几个方面，其中最主要的是向学院寄送他们的作品，并在学院的出版物上发表他们的作品。另一个方向是培养俄罗斯帝国的学生，以及为准备成为教授的俄罗斯年轻研究人员提供实习机会。
{"title":"Morphological scientists at the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the 18th – early 20th centuries. To the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences","authors":"N. Shevlyuk","doi":"10.17816/morph.625404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.625404","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to analyze the participation of domestic and foreign morphological scientists in the activities of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1724 until 1917, a number of outstanding morphologists were elected as full members of the Academy, among them - anatomist and embryologist K.F. Wolf, anatomist A.E. Protasov, embryologist, geologist and paleontologist H.G. Pander, naturalist K. E. Beer, embryologist A. O. Kovalevsky, physiologist, histologist and zoologist F. V. Ovsyannikov, histologist A. S. Dogel, anthropologist, ethnographer and geographer D. N. Anuchin. The academy’s connections with foreign scientists also developed, many of whom were elected corresponding members and foreign honorary members of the academy, among them a number of morphologists, comparative anatomists and histologists. Thus, the following were elected as foreign honorary members: René Antoine Reaumur (1683 - 1757, elected in 1737); Albrecht Haller (1708 – 1777, elected 1776); in 1802 Georges Cuvier (1769 – 1732) was elected; in 1826 – Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749 – 1832); in 1905 - Camillo Golgi (1844 - 1926). \u0000Correspondents were elected as foreign members: in 1826 - Robert Brown (1773 - 1858), who in 1827 became a full member of the academy; in 1826, Karl Ernst Baer (1792 - 1876) was elected foreign corresponding member, who after moving to Russia became its ordinary academician (1827), and then after his resignation, its honorary member (1862); in 1832 - Johannes Peter Müller (1801 - 1852); in 1836 - Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787 - 1869); in 1850 – Matthias Jacob Schleiden (1804 – 1881); in 1857 - Rudolf Albert Kölliker (1817 - 1905); in 1881 - Rudolf Virchow (1821 - 1902); in 1897 - Franz Leydig (1821 - 1908). \u0000Communication between foreign corresponding members and foreign honorary members was carried out with the academy in several directions, of which the main one was sending their works to the academy and publishing their works in the academy’s publications. Another direction was the training of students who were subjects of the Russian Empire, as well as the internship of young Russian researchers who were preparing for a professorship.","PeriodicalId":506132,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":" 803","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Demyashkin, D. Atyakshin, Vladislav A. Yakimenko, Dali Ugurchieva, M. Vadyukhin, Alikhan Abuev
BACKGROUND: Radiation hepatitis with the development of radiation-induced acute liver failure is considered one of the most serious complications of radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms of the liver, abdominal organs, or whole body irradiation. However, the exact mechanisms of radiation-induced liver cell death have not been fully elucidated, and therefore the study of changes in the proliferative-apoptotic ratio in liver structures remains relevant, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid can potentially protect them from the effects of electron irradiation. AIM: assessment of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes after administration of ascorbic acid in a model of radiation hepatitis. METHODS: Wistar rats (Rattus Wistar; n=40) were divided into four experimental groups: I – control (n=10); II (n=10) – fractional irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 30 Gy; III (n=10) – administration of ascorbic acid before electron irradiation; IV (n=10) – administration of ascorbic acid. Animals of all groups (I – IV) were removed from the experiment a week after the last fraction. Morphological and immunohistochemical (with antibodies to Ki-67 and caspase-3) studies were carried out. RESULTS: A week after electron irradiation, a sharp decrease in the proportion of Ki-67-positive hepatocytes in combination with an increase in immunolabeling with antibodies to caspase-3 was observed in group II. During the administration of ascorbic acid in group III, less pronounced depth and range of liver damage was noted, confirmed by morphological and immunohistochemical methods (less pronounced decrease in the level of Ki-67 expression and an increase in the proportion of caspase-positive hepatocytes compared to the control) methods. CONCLUSION: An immunohistochemical study of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes revealed that a week after fractional electron irradiation in SOD 30 Gy, there is a decrease in mitotic activity and an increase in cell death, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid helped level out the detected changes, which indicates its protective effect.
{"title":"Characteristics of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes after administration of ascorbic acid in a model of radiation hepatitis","authors":"G. Demyashkin, D. Atyakshin, Vladislav A. Yakimenko, Dali Ugurchieva, M. Vadyukhin, Alikhan Abuev","doi":"10.17816/morph.624714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.624714","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Radiation hepatitis with the development of radiation-induced acute liver failure is considered one of the most serious complications of radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms of the liver, abdominal organs, or whole body irradiation. However, the exact mechanisms of radiation-induced liver cell death have not been fully elucidated, and therefore the study of changes in the proliferative-apoptotic ratio in liver structures remains relevant, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid can potentially protect them from the effects of electron irradiation. \u0000AIM: assessment of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes after administration of ascorbic acid in a model of radiation hepatitis. \u0000METHODS: Wistar rats (Rattus Wistar; n=40) were divided into four experimental groups: I – control (n=10); II (n=10) – fractional irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 30 Gy; III (n=10) – administration of ascorbic acid before electron irradiation; IV (n=10) – administration of ascorbic acid. Animals of all groups (I – IV) were removed from the experiment a week after the last fraction. Morphological and immunohistochemical (with antibodies to Ki-67 and caspase-3) studies were carried out. \u0000RESULTS: A week after electron irradiation, a sharp decrease in the proportion of Ki-67-positive hepatocytes in combination with an increase in immunolabeling with antibodies to caspase-3 was observed in group II. During the administration of ascorbic acid in group III, less pronounced depth and range of liver damage was noted, confirmed by morphological and immunohistochemical methods (less pronounced decrease in the level of Ki-67 expression and an increase in the proportion of caspase-positive hepatocytes compared to the control) methods. \u0000CONCLUSION: An immunohistochemical study of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes revealed that a week after fractional electron irradiation in SOD 30 Gy, there is a decrease in mitotic activity and an increase in cell death, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid helped level out the detected changes, which indicates its protective effect.","PeriodicalId":506132,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":" 66","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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