Cuaj-Canadian Urological Association Journal最新文献

Introduction: Radiation therapy for prostate cancer is associated with a 15-20% five-year recurrence rate. Patients with recurrence in the prostate only are candidates for salvage local therapies; however, there is no consensus on modality. This study uses registries at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and University of Western Ontario (UWO) to compare the oncologic outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP) and salvage ablation (SA).

Methods: A total of 444 patients were available for analysis. Due to intergroup differences, propensity score methodology was used and identified 378 patients with more comparable pre-salvage prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score, and primary radiation treatment. Patients underwent SRP at MSKCC and SA at UWO.

Results: Of the 378 patients, 48 died of disease, with a 6.0-year median (interquartile range [IQR] 3.0, 9.7) followup among survivors; 88 developed metastases, with a median 4.6-year (IQR 2.3, 7.9) followup among metastasis-free survivors. There was a non-significantly higher rate of cancer-specific (hazard ratio [HR ] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51, 2.06, p=0.9) and improved metastasis-free survival (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.44, 1.13, p=0.15) among patients undergoing SA compared to patients undergoing SRP. There were 143 patients who received hormonal therapy, with higher rates of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in SA (HR 1.42, 95% CI 0.97, 2.08, p=0.068), although this did not meet conventional levels of significance.

Conclusions: This propensity score analysis of salvage therapy for radio-recurrent prostate cancer identified no statistically significant differences in oncologic outcome between SRP and SA; however, there was evidence of a lower risk of ADT in the cohort undergoing SRP. Given they are both potentially curative therapies, these treatments are viable options for men with clinically localized, radio-recurrent prostate cancer rather than ADT alone. Future research may further elucidate subpopulations that may be more amenable to either SRP or SA.

Introduction: Prostate cancer ranks as the third leading cause of death among Canadian men and is primarily treated with radiotherapy and prostatectomy. Given YouTube's significant global traffic, patients often turn to it for information on treatment and side effects. This study assessed YouTube videos for prostate cancer patients, focusing on radiotherapy, prostatectomy, and side effect management.

Methods: The study analyzed 50 YouTube videos, comparing their accuracy and coverage against the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), UpToDate, and cancer.ca. Two raters were involved in the review of the videos to ensure inter-rater reliability.

Results: Video lengths ranged from 1-60 minutes (mean 11 minutes) and creation dates ranged from 2012-2021. Videos were presented by physicians, patients, or allied health professionals (75%, 16%, and 8%, respectively). Results showed physician presenters had a Video Power Index (video popularity) of 23.45, while patient presenters had an average of 61.36 (almost three times as popular as physician-led videos). The overall accuracy of videos showed that 82% demonstrated completely accurate and detailed information, 18% showed partially complete information, and 76% showed no biased information. No false information was found in any videos.

Conclusions: This study showed that while the YouTube informational videos included good coverage of treatment side effects, there were gaps in information regarding quality of life after treatment or management of side effects. Information from this study can benefit the provider-patient interaction, with the hope that healthcare providers create more videos on quality of life after treatment and management of side effects to satisfy patient needs.

Introduction: This is the first North American clinical evidence for MV140, a novel bacterial sublingual vaccine, developed for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in women.

Methods: Female subjects with ≥3 documented UTIs/year underwent three-month vaccination treatment, nine-month efficacy period, and optional three-month followup (total 15 months). Primary outcome was no clinically diagnosed UTI following vaccination (UTI-free rate). Secondary outcomes included absolute, mean, and median overall reduction in UTI compared to pre-vaccination, quality of life, global response assessment, patient satisfaction, microbiology, and safety.

Results: Sixty-seven subjects (mean age 56 years, range 18-80) were enrolled; 64 completed the vaccination period and at least one post-vaccination assessment. Prior to vaccination, subjects reported a mean 6.8 UTIs/year. The UTI-free rate for the nine-month efficacy period was 40.6%. Compared to the infection rate in the year prior to vaccination, the reduction was 75.3% for the nine-month efficacy period post-vaccination. At 12-month followup, 80.3% reported that they were moderately/markedly improved; 58.1% were mostly satisfied, pleased, or delighted, while mean quality of life score improved by 1.5 points. Fourteen of the adverse events in nine subjects were potentially related to the vaccine - all mild and resolved by three months. None of the 13 serious adverse events were related to vaccine.

Conclusions: This first-in-North-America, prospective case series with the sublingual vaccine, MV140, adds further clinical evidence to its safety and effectiveness in reducing recurrent UTIs in women.

Introduction: Despite high prevalence and increased severity and burden of overactive bladder (OAB) and fecal incontinence (FI) in the elderly, sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is often overlooked as a potential treatment option for this demographic. In this study, we report the outcomes of SNM in patients aged 75 years or older at the time of surgery.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent SNM implantation between 2013 and 2022 performed by a single, high-volume urologist at a tertiary center. Success, complication, and adjunct therapy rates were analyzed by Fisher's or Wilcox rank-sum test as appropriate. We compared outcomes between patients aged 75-79 years and octogenarians.

Results: Of 632 patients, 50 were ≥75 years. Patients had a mean age of 78.4±2.6 years and were predominantly female (84%). The indications for SNM were 66% OAB, 16% FI, 16% non-obstructive urinary retention, and 4% pelvic pain. Within the first year, 94% of patients reported satisfaction and improvement in symptoms, while 76% continued to experience improvement beyond one year. SNM insertion led to reduced oral medication use from 68% to 24% (p<0.0001). The complication rate was 16% and mostly included device pain. No significant difference was observed in treatment success, complication, or adjunct therapy rate between age groups.

Conclusions: SNM is a safe and effective option in well-selected patients over the age of 75 years. Treatment success rate is comparable to younger cohorts. Advanced age should not preclude third-line therapy options in this population.