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Stability Analysis and Simulation of Diffusive Vaccinated Models 扩散式疫苗接种模型的稳定性分析与模拟
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5595996
Mohammed M. Al-Shamiri, N. Avinash, P. Chellamani, Manal Z. M. Abdallah, G. Britto Antony Xavier, V. Rexma Sherine, M. Abisha

This paper begins by analyzing the key mathematical properties of diffusive vaccinated models, including existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness. Equilibria are identified, and the basic reproductive number is calculated. The Banach contraction mapping principle is applied to rigorously establish the solution existence and uniqueness. In order to understand the disease’s time transmission, it is important to examine the global stability of the equilibrium points. Disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium are the two equilibria in this model. Here, we demonstrate that the endemic equilibrium is worldwide asymptotic stable when the basic reproductive number is greater than 1, and the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotic stable whenever the basic reproductive number is less than 1. Moreover, based on the Caputo fractional derivative of order and the implicit Euler’s approximation, we offered an unconditionally stable numerical solution for the resultant system. This work explores the solution of some significant population models of noninteger order using an approach known as the iterative Laplace transform. The proposed methodology is developed by effectively combining Laplace transformation with an iterative procedure. A series form solution that exhibits some convergent behavior towards the precise solution can be attained. It is noted that there is a close contact between the obtained and precise solutions. Moreover, the suggested method can handle a variety of fractional order derivative problems because it involves minimal computations. This information will be helpful in further studies to determine the ideal strategy of action for preventing or stopping the spread disease transmission.

本文首先分析了扩散接种模型的关键数学特性,包括存在性、唯一性、实在性和有界性。确定了均衡点,并计算了基本繁殖数。应用巴拿赫收缩映射原理严格确定了解的存在性和唯一性。为了了解疾病的时间传播,研究平衡点的全局稳定性非常重要。无疾病均衡和地方病均衡是该模型中的两个均衡点。在此,我们证明了当基本繁殖数大于 1 时,地方病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,而当基本繁殖数小于 1 时,无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的。此外,基于卡普托分数阶导数和隐式欧拉近似,我们为结果系统提供了无条件稳定的数值解。这项工作利用一种称为迭代拉普拉斯变换的方法,探索了一些非整数阶重要人口模型的求解方法。所提出的方法是将拉普拉斯变换与迭代程序有效结合。这样就可以得到一个向精确解收敛的序列形式解。我们注意到,所获得的解与精确解之间存在密切联系。此外,所建议的方法可以处理各种分数阶导数问题,因为它涉及的计算量极少。这些信息将有助于进一步研究确定预防或阻止疾病传播的理想行动策略。
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引用次数: 0
Utilizing Entropy to Systematically Quantify the Resting-Condition Baroreflex Regulation Function 利用熵系统量化静息状态下的气压反射调节功能
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5514002
Bo-Yuan Li, Xiao-Yang Li, Xia Lu, Rui Kang, Zhao-Xing Tian, Feng Ling

Baroreflex is critical to maintain blood pressure homeostasis, and the quantification of baroreflex regulation function (BRF) can provide guidance for disease diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare. Current quantification of BRF such as baroreflex sensitivity cannot represent BRF systematically. From the perspective of complex systems, we regard that BRF is the emergence result of fluctuate states and interactions in physiological mechanisms. Therefore, the three-layer emergence is studied in this work, which is from physiological mechanisms to physiological indexes and then to BRF. On this basis, since the entropy in statistical physics macroscopically measures the fluctuations of system’s states, in this work, the principle of maximum entropy is adopted, and a new index called PhysioEnt is proposed to quantify the fluctuations of four physiological indexes, i.e., baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate, heart rate variability, and systolic blood pressure, which aims to represent BRF in the resting condition. Further, two datasets with different subjects are analyzed, and some new findings can be obtained, such as the contributions of the physiological interactions among organs/tissues. With measurable indexes, the proposed method is expected to support individualized medicine.

巴反射对维持血压平衡至关重要,而巴反射调节功能(BRF)的量化可为疾病诊断、治疗和保健提供指导。目前对气压反射调节功能的量化方法,如气压反射灵敏度,无法系统地表示气压反射调节功能。从复杂系统的角度来看,我们认为 BRF 是生理机制中波动状态和相互作用的涌现结果。因此,本文研究了三层涌现,即从生理机制到生理指标,再到 BRF。在此基础上,由于统计物理学中的熵从宏观上衡量了系统状态的波动性,因此本研究采用了最大熵原理,提出了一种名为 PhysioEnt 的新指标来量化四个生理指标的波动性,这四个生理指标分别是气压反射灵敏度、心率、心率变异性和收缩压,旨在代表静息状态下的 BRF。此外,还分析了两个不同受试者的数据集,并得出了一些新的发现,如器官/组织间生理相互作用的贡献。有了可测量的指标,所提出的方法有望为个体化医疗提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Reliability Indicators for Inverted Lomax Model via Improved Adaptive Type-II Progressive Censoring Plan with Applications 通过改进的自适应 II 型渐进式删减计划分析倒 Lomax 模型的可靠性指标及其应用
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4848673
Refah Alotaibi, Mazen Nassar, Ahmed Elshahhat

Employing an improved adaptive Type-II progressively censored sample, this paper provides various point and interval estimations when the parent distribution of the population to be studied is the inverted Lomax distribution. The estimations include both the model parameters and two reliability metrics, namely, the reliability and failure rate functions. Both maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacing are studied from the conventional estimation standpoint. Along with the point estimations utilizing the two traditional approaches, the approximate confidence intervals based on both are also examined. The Bayesian point estimations with the squared error loss function and credible intervals for various parameters are investigated. Depending on the source of observed data, Bayesian estimations are obtained using two different types of posterior distributions. Numerous censoring designs are looked at in the simulation study to compare the accuracy of classical and Bayesian estimations. Using both conventional methodologies, several optimality metrics are suggested to identify the best removal design. One chemical and a pair of engineering actual data sets are examined to support the significance of the indicated methodologies. The analysis showed that the Bayesian estimation, using the likelihood function, is preferable when compared to other classical and Bayesian methods.

本文采用改进的自适应 II 型逐步删减样本,在待研究群体的母分布为倒 Lomax 分布时,提供了各种点和区间估计。这些估计包括模型参数和两个可靠性指标,即可靠性和故障率函数。最大似然法和最大间距积法都是从传统估计的角度进行研究的。除了利用这两种传统方法进行点估算外,还研究了基于这两种方法的近似置信区间。还研究了使用平方误差损失函数的贝叶斯点估计以及各种参数的可信区间。根据观测数据的来源,使用两种不同类型的后验分布进行贝叶斯估计。在模拟研究中考察了许多删减设计,以比较经典估计和贝叶斯估计的准确性。利用这两种传统方法,提出了几种优化指标,以确定最佳的剔除设计。对一个化学数据集和一对工程实际数据集进行了研究,以支持所述方法的重要性。分析表明,与其他经典方法和贝叶斯方法相比,使用似然函数的贝叶斯估算方法更为可取。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the Social Influence Effectiveness of Popular Weibo Events 热门微博事件的社会影响效果建模
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6457115
Haoyang Lin, Zhiyuan Zhang

Social networks are important for people to obtain information, make comments, and exchange opinions. The public opinion generated in social networks has a great impact on public life and value guidance, and the effect of public opinion is worth paying attention to and analyzing. Research on the influence of hot events can help us better understand the public attention and response to an event, and help industries and social organizations to judge market trends and predict future development direction. Social phenomena and trends reflected by hot events can be used as basic data and research objects for scientific research to promote the development and progress of the discipline. Aiming at social events in social networks, this paper analyzes the relevant user behavior data such as retweets, comments, likes, topic characteristics such as event duration, and other key characteristics and proposes an influence effectiveness analysis model for events, referred to as the caloric value model. This model is based on factors such as user interactivity, event activity, duration of the event, freshness of events,media attention, and the event heat decay ratio. It evaluates event heat, calculates the influence of events, identifies hot events with a high level of discussion, selects these hot events, and validates the findings through experiments. The model proposed in this paper has a good effect on the rationality and feasibility of heat evaluation.

社交网络是人们获取信息、发表言论、交换意见的重要途径。社交网络中产生的舆情对公众生活和价值引导有很大影响,舆情效应值得关注和分析。研究热点事件的影响力,可以帮助我们更好地了解公众对某一事件的关注和反应,帮助行业和社会组织判断市场趋势,预测未来发展方向。热点事件所反映的社会现象和趋势可以作为科学研究的基础数据和研究对象,推动学科的发展和进步。本文针对社交网络中的社交事件,分析了相关的用户行为数据,如转发、评论、点赞等,话题特征如事件持续时间等关键特征,提出了事件的影响效果分析模型,简称热量值模型。该模型基于用户互动性、事件活跃度、事件持续时间、事件新鲜度、媒体关注度和事件热衰减率等因素。它可以评估事件热度、计算事件影响力、识别讨论度高的热点事件、选择这些热点事件,并通过实验验证研究结果。本文提出的模型对热度评估的合理性和可行性有较好的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Towards Robust Evaluation of Aesthetic and Photographic Quality Metrics: Insights from a Comprehensive Dataset 实现对美学和摄影质量指标的可靠评估:综合数据集的启示
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8223586
Iria Santos, Miguel A. Casal, João Correia, Álvaro Torrente-Patiño, Penousal Machado, Juan Romero

In recent years, the development of metrics to evaluate image aesthetics and photographic quality has proliferated. However, validating these metrics presents challenges due to the inherently subjective nature of aesthetics and photographic quality, which can be influenced by cultural contexts and individual preferences that evolve over time. This article presents a novel validation methodology utilizing a dataset assessed by individuals from two distinct nationalities: the United States and Spain. Evaluation criteria include photographic quality and aesthetic value, with the dataset comprising images previously rated on the DPChallenge photographic portal. We analyze the correlation between these values and provide the dataset for future research endeavors. Our investigation encompasses several metrics, including BRISQUE for assessing photographic quality, NIMA aesthetic and NIMA technical for evaluating both aesthetic and technical aspects, Diffusion Aesthetics (employed in Stable Diffusion), and PhotoILike for gauging the commercial appeal of real estate images. Our findings reveal a significant correlation between the Diffusion Aesthetics metric and aesthetic measures, as well as with the NIMA aesthetics metric, suggesting them as good potential candidates to capture aesthetic value.

近年来,用于评价图像美学和摄影质量的指标层出不穷。然而,由于美学和摄影质量本身具有主观性,会受到文化背景和随时间演变的个人偏好的影响,因此验证这些指标面临着挑战。本文介绍了一种新颖的验证方法,该方法利用了由来自美国和西班牙两个不同国家的个人评估的数据集。评估标准包括摄影质量和美学价值,数据集包括之前在 DPChallenge 摄影门户网站上评分的图片。我们分析了这些价值之间的相关性,并为未来的研究工作提供了数据集。我们的研究涵盖多个指标,包括用于评估摄影质量的 BRISQUE、用于评估美学和技术方面的 NIMA aesthetic 和 NIMA technical、Diffusion Aesthetics(在 Stable Diffusion 中使用)以及用于衡量房地产图片商业吸引力的 PhotoILike。我们的研究结果表明,"扩散美学 "度量指标与美学度量指标以及 NIMA 美学度量指标之间存在明显的相关性,这表明它们是捕捉美学价值的潜在候选指标。
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引用次数: 0
Holomorphism and Edge Labeling: An Inner Study of Latin Squares Associated with Antiautomorphic Inverse Property Moufang Quasigroups with Applications 全形与边缘标记:与反同构逆定理相关的拉丁正方形的内部研究 牟方准群及其应用
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8575569
Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Kamran, Ismail Naci Cangul, J. Akhter

Taking into account the most recent improvements in graph theory and algebra, we can associate graphs of some mathematical structures with certifiable, widely known applications. This paper seeks to explore the connections established through edge labeling among Latin squares derived from Moufang quasigroups, which are constructed using additive abelian and multiplicative groups, along with their substructures and complete bipartite graphs. The algebraic characteristics of quasigroups exhibiting the antiautomorphic inverse property have been extensively examined in this study. These characteristics encompass identities associated with fixed element maps. To analyze the behavior of these groups under holomorphism, we utilize similar conditions.

考虑到图论和代数的最新进展,我们可以将某些数学结构的图与可证明的、广为人知的应用联系起来。本文试图探讨通过边缘标记在牟方类群衍生的拉丁方块之间建立的联系,牟方类群是用加性非比利亚群和乘法群构建的,它们的子结构和完整的双方图也是如此。本研究广泛考察了具有反同构逆性质的类群的代数特征。这些特征包括与固定元素映射相关的同素异形。为了分析这些群在全形下的行为,我们使用了类似的条件。
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引用次数: 0
Controllability of Functional and Structural Brain Networks 大脑功能和结构网络的可控性
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7402894
Ali Moradi Amani, Amirhessam Tahmassebi, Andreas Stadlbauer, Uwe Meyer-Baese, Vincent Noblet, Frederic Blanc, Hagen Malberg, Anke Meyer-Baese

Normal and aberrant cognitive functions are the result of the dynamic interplay between large-scale neural circuits. Describing the nature of these interactions has been a challenging task yet important for neurodegenerative disease evolution. Fusing modern dynamic graph network theory techniques and control theory applied on complex brain networks creates a new framework for neurodegenerative disease research by determining disease evolution at the subject level, facilitating a predictive treatment response and revealing key mechanisms responsible for disease alterations. It has been shown that two types of controllability—the average and the modal controllability—are relevant for the mechanistic explanation of how the brain navigates between cognitive states. The average controllability favors highly connected areas which move the brain to easily reachable states, while the modal controllability favors weakly connected areas representative for difficult-to-reach states. We propose two different techniques to achieve these two types of controllability: a centrality measure based on a sensitivity analysis of the Laplacian matrix is employed to determine the average controllability, while graph distances form the basis of the modal controllability. The concepts of “choosing the best driver set” and “graph distances” are applied to measure the average controllability and the modal controllability, respectively. Based on these new techniques, we obtain important disease descriptors that visualize alterations in the disease trajectory by revealing densely connected hubs or sparser areas. Our results suggest that these two techniques can accurately describe the different node roles in controlling trajectories of brain networks.

正常和异常的认知功能是大规模神经回路之间动态相互作用的结果。描述这些相互作用的性质一直是一项具有挑战性的任务,但对于神经退行性疾病的演变却非常重要。将现代动态图网络理论技术与应用于复杂大脑网络的控制理论相融合,通过确定主体层面的疾病演变、促进预测性治疗反应和揭示导致疾病改变的关键机制,为神经退行性疾病研究创建了一个新框架。研究表明,两种可控性--平均可控性和模态可控性--与大脑如何在认知状态之间导航的机理解释相关。平均可控性有利于高连接区域,使大脑进入容易达到的状态,而模态可控性则有利于弱连接区域,使大脑进入难以达到的状态。我们提出了两种不同的技术来实现这两种可控性:基于拉普拉斯矩阵敏感性分析的中心度量被用来确定平均可控性,而图距离则是模态可控性的基础。选择最佳驱动集 "和 "图距离 "的概念分别用于测量平均可控性和模态可控性。基于这些新技术,我们获得了重要的疾病描述符,通过揭示连接密集的枢纽或稀疏的区域,直观地显示疾病轨迹的变化。我们的研究结果表明,这两种技术可以准确描述大脑网络控制轨迹中不同节点的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Chaos Control, Codimension-One and Codimension-Two 1 : 2 Strong Resonance Bifurcation Analysis of a Predator-Prey Model with Holling Types I and III Functional Responses 具有霍林 I 型和 III 型功能响应的捕食者-猎物模型的混沌控制、一维和二维 1 : 2 强共振分岔分析
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5782500
Abdul Qadeer Khan, Syeda Noor-ul-Huda Naqvi, Shaimaa A. A. Ahmed, Waleed A. I. El-Morsi

We study the existence of fixed points, local stability analysis, bifurcation sets at fixed points, codimension-one and codimension-two bifurcation analysis, and chaos control in a predator-prey model with Holling types I and III functional responses. It is proven that the model has a trivial equilibrium point for all involved parameters but interior and semitrivial equilibrium solutions under certain model parameter conditions. Furthermore, local stability at trivial, semitrivial, and interior equilibria using the theory of linear stability is investigated. We have also explored the bifurcation sets for trivial, semitrivial, and interior equilibria and proved that flip bifurcation occurs at semitrivial equilibrium. Furthermore, it is also proven that Neimark–Sacker bifurcation as well as flip bifurcation occurs at an interior equilibrium solution, and in addition, at the same equilibrium solution, we also studied codimension-two 1 : 2 strong resonance bifurcation. Then, OGY and hybrid control strategies are employed to manage chaos in the model under study, which arises from Neimark–Sacker and flip bifurcations, respectively. We have also examined the preservation of the positive solution of the understudied model. Finally, numerical simulations are given to verify the theoretical results.

我们研究了具有霍林 I 型和 III 型函数响应的捕食者-猎物模型的定点存在性、局部稳定性分析、定点处的分岔集、一维和二维分岔分析以及混沌控制。研究证明,该模型对所有相关参数都有一个微分平衡点,但在某些模型参数条件下有内部和半微分平衡解。此外,我们还利用线性稳定性理论研究了微分、半微分和内部平衡点的局部稳定性。我们还探索了微分、半微分和内部均衡的分岔集,并证明了翻转分岔发生在半微分均衡处。此外,还证明了 Neimark-Sacker 分岔以及翻转分岔发生在内部平衡解上,另外,在同一平衡解上,我们还研究了码维-2 1 : 2 强共振分岔。然后,我们采用 OGY 和混合控制策略来管理所研究模型中分别由 Neimark-Sacker 分岔和翻转分岔引起的混乱。我们还研究了未充分研究模型正解的保留问题。最后,我们给出了数值模拟来验证理论结果。
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引用次数: 0
Complexity Analysis on the Supply Chain of Brand Enterprise Countermeasures against Imitation Threats 品牌企业应对仿冒威胁的供应链复杂性分析
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8347062
Abudureheman Kadeer, Mingyu Zhao, Mengzhe Li

This paper studies the complexity of the decision system when a brand enterprise introduces new products and makes dynamic quality decisions to cope with imitation threats caused by a counterfeit enterprise. Using game theory, nonlinear system theory, and numerical simulation, the complexity characteristics of this system and consumer utility are further discussed; moreover, delay feedback control is used to restrain chaos. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The stable scope of the brand enterprise price adjustment enlarges with the increase of the adjustment parameters of new product quality and imitation price. (2) The attraction domain of the initial decisions of the counterfeit enterprise decreases when the brand enterprise makes dynamic decisions on new product quality; a higher new product quality adjustment parameter can reduce the imitation ability of the counterfeit enterprise. (3) With the growth of the degree of substitution between new products and existing products, the quality of new products is improved, the output of existing products is reduced, and the counterfeit enterprise withdraws from the market if the degree of substitution between existing products and imitations is high. (4) The dynamic system can suppress chaos and restore stability by using the delay feedback control method. Results are of great importance for managers to make reasonable decisions when dealing with imitation threats.

本文研究了当品牌企业推出新产品并做出动态质量决策以应对假冒企业造成的仿冒威胁时,决策系统的复杂性。利用博弈论、非线性系统理论和数值模拟,进一步讨论了该系统的复杂性特征和消费者效用,并利用延迟反馈控制来抑制混乱。结论如下(1)品牌企业价格调整的稳定范围随着新产品质量和模仿价格调整参数的增加而扩大。(2)当品牌企业对新产品质量进行动态决策时,仿冒企业初始决策的吸引域减小;较高的新产品质量调整参数可以降低仿冒企业的仿冒能力。(3)随着新产品与现有产品之间替代程度的增加,新产品质量提高,现有产品产量降低,如果现有产品与仿冒品之间的替代程度较高,仿冒企业就会退出市场。(4) 利用延迟反馈控制方法,动态系统可以抑制混乱,恢复稳定。研究结果对管理者在应对仿冒威胁时做出合理决策具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Immune Responses through Dynamic Modeling of Cell-Immune Interactions in Viral Infection and Vaccination 通过病毒感染和疫苗接种中细胞与免疫相互作用的动态建模探索免疫反应
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3357763
Kwang Su Kim, Il Hyo Jung, Jong Hyuk Byun

Infectious diseases pose a significant threat to global health, necessitating the development of effective vaccination strategies. This study examines the dynamics of viral infections and immune responses, with a particular focus on the roles of antibodies and CD8+ T cells induced by vaccination. Through a mathematical model, we explore the intricate interactions between host cells and viruses to assess the impact of vaccination on viral replication. Our findings align with experimental results, demonstrating that vaccination substantially enhances immune responses and reduces viral replication. The contributions of both antibody and CD8+ T cell responses are shown to be vital for achieving optimal vaccine efficacy. The model’s predictions, validated against experimental observations, emphasize the need to incorporate mechanisms that induce robust immune responses in vaccine design. This study underscores the critical role of mathematical modeling in understanding immune dynamics and in refining vaccination strategies to develop more effective treatments against viral infections.

传染病对全球健康构成重大威胁,因此有必要制定有效的疫苗接种策略。本研究探讨了病毒感染和免疫反应的动态变化,尤其关注疫苗接种诱导的抗体和 CD8+ T 细胞的作用。通过数学模型,我们探索了宿主细胞和病毒之间错综复杂的相互作用,以评估疫苗接种对病毒复制的影响。我们的研究结果与实验结果一致,证明接种疫苗能大大增强免疫反应并减少病毒复制。抗体和 CD8+ T 细胞反应对实现最佳疫苗效果至关重要。该模型的预测结果与实验观察结果进行了验证,强调了在疫苗设计中纳入诱导强大免疫反应机制的必要性。这项研究强调了数学建模在理解免疫动态和完善疫苗接种策略以开发更有效的病毒感染治疗方法方面的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
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