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Spatial Identification and Distribution Pattern of the Complexity of Rural Poverty in China Using Multisource Spatial Data 利用多源空间数据识别中国农村贫困复杂性的空间识别与分布格局
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7012402
Zhenyu Qi, Jinghu Pan, Yaya Feng

Regional poverty is one of the most serious challenges facing the world today. Poverty, antipoverty, and poverty alleviation are the focus of the attention of scholars and the public. This paper takes China’s counties as the research unit, selects the influencing factors of poverty from natural and socio-economic factors, establishes an evaluation index system, simulates the natural poverty index and socio-economic poverty eradication index of each county, and clarifies the distribution characteristics of spatial poverty using GIS spatial analysis and BP artificial neural network. The results indicate that natural factors are the main cause of poverty in Chinese counties, with 710 counties having a high natural poverty index, accounting for nearly 30% of the total number of counties in the country. The national county-level natural poverty index shows a clear strip distribution pattern along latitude and longitude, with a strip distribution from north to south and from west to east; socio-economic factors have played a certain role in poverty alleviation, with as many as 1521 counties with low socio-economic poverty alleviation indices, accounting for approximately 64% of the total number of counties in the country. The spatial distribution of the county-level socio-economic poverty alleviation index is relatively fragmented. Through spatial scanning statistics, a total of 44 county poverty pressure index risk clusters reached a statistical significance level, involving 243 counties and districts. In poverty reduction practice, the internal counties and districts of contiguous poverty-stricken areas should strengthen cooperation and exchange. In the process of poverty alleviation and development, targeted poverty alleviation and economic development should be carried out based on the poverty-dominant type and self-development ability of the county, in order to improve efficiency. Regions that are relatively prosperous and have taken the lead in poverty reduction should play a leading and exemplary role in strengthening the radiation power of regional central cities. The prominent feature of this study is the comprehensive utilization of multisource data and the use of new spatial analysis methods (flexible spatial scanning method is widely used in the field of infectious disease prevention and control research). By constructing a multidimensional poverty measurement system that includes natural and social factors, it distinguishes the differences between the factors that cause poverty and the factors that eliminate poverty in regional poverty. At the same time, the flexible spatial scanning detection method was used to detect the differentiation mechanism of poverty spatial patterns.

地区贫困是当今世界面临的最严峻挑战之一。贫困、反贫困、扶贫是学者和公众关注的焦点。本文以中国县域为研究单元,从自然因素和社会经济因素中选取贫困的影响因素,建立评价指标体系,模拟各县的自然贫困指数和社会经济脱贫指数,并利用 GIS 空间分析和 BP 人工神经网络阐明空间贫困的分布特征。结果表明,自然因素是中国县域贫困的主要原因,自然贫困指数较高的县有 710 个,占全国县域总数的近 30%。全国县级自然贫困指数沿经纬度呈明显的带状分布格局,由北向南、由西向东呈带状分布;社会经济因素在扶贫中发挥了一定的作用,社会经济扶贫指数较低的县多达 1521 个,约占全国县级总数的 64%。县级社会经济扶贫指数的空间分布较为分散。通过空间扫描统计,达到统计显著性水平的县域贫困压力指数风险群共有 44 个,涉及 243 个县区。在扶贫实践中,连片贫困地区内部县区应加强合作交流。在扶贫开发过程中,应根据县域的贫困类型和自我发展能力,有针对性地开展扶贫开发和经济建设,提高扶贫效率。相对富裕、率先脱贫的地区应发挥引领示范作用,增强区域中心城市的辐射力。本研究的突出特点是多源数据的综合利用和新型空间分析方法的运用(灵活的空间扫描方法在传染病防控研究领域得到广泛应用)。通过构建包括自然因素和社会因素在内的多维贫困测量体系,区分区域贫困中致贫因素和脱贫因素的差异。同时,采用灵活的空间扫描检测方法,检测贫困空间模式的分化机制。
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引用次数: 0
Identify the Critical Factors Influencing the Indexing Work of CoPS: A Multiagent Oriented Network Perspective 识别影响 CoPS 索引工作的关键因素:面向多代理网络的视角
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2940051
Jinglve Wang

The indexing work of complex products and systems (CoPS) is to determine a comprehensive set of indicators to ensure seamless integration of CoPS modules. Despite its pivotal role as a pioneering phase in CoPS development, indexing work has garnered relatively scant research attention. This paper explores CoPS indexing work through a network game model that considers a main manufacturer and several suppliers. The primary aim is to discern the key influencing factors affecting CoPS indexing work and elucidate the influence mechanism. Several interesting conclusions have been drawn: (1) subjective, environmental, and structural factors as the three key aspects influencing the CoPS indexing work network; (2) Subjective factors directly influence the agencies’ selection of the optimal effort level for collaborative work, whereas environmental and structural factors indirectly impact their choice by affecting their network centrality; (3) the environmental factors within the indexing work network dictate the rate at which interagent interactions diminish with distance. To demonstrate and validate the research’s findings, an examination of the indexing process of the China Lanxin High-speed Railway is conducted. This study offers new insights into CoPS indexing work, providing both theoretical references and practical suggestions for project teams to improve collaborative efficiency.

复杂产品和系统(CoPS)的索引工作是确定一套全面的指标,以确保 CoPS 模块的无缝集成。尽管索引工作在 CoPS 开发的先驱阶段发挥着举足轻重的作用,但对它的研究却相对较少。本文通过一个网络博弈模型来探讨 CoPS 的索引工作,该模型考虑了一个主要制造商和几个供应商。主要目的是找出影响 CoPS 索引工作的关键影响因素,并阐明其影响机制。研究得出了几个有趣的结论:(1) 主观因素、环境因素和结构因素是影响 CoPS 索引工作网络的三个关键方面;(2) 主观因素直接影响代理机构对协作工作最佳努力水平的选择,而环境因素和结构因素则通过影响代理机构的网络中心度间接影响其选择;(3) 索引工作网络中的环境因素决定了代理机构间互动随距离减小的速度。为了证明和验证研究结论,我们对中国兰新高铁的索引编制过程进行了研究。这项研究为 CoPS 索引工作提供了新的见解,为项目团队提高协作效率提供了理论参考和实践建议。
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引用次数: 0
Content Analysis of Elderly Education Policies in China: From the Perspective of Policy Instruments (1982–2021) 中国老年教育政策的内容分析:从政策工具的角度看中国老年教育政策(1982-2021 年)
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3837837
Mochang Qiu, Weidong Wang

Population aging has emerged as a social issue in most countries worldwide. Developing education for the elderly is one of the key strategies to combat the challenges of an aging population. Based on the two-dimensional analysis framework of the policy instruments and the type of elderly education, the content analysis method was used to analyze 49 elderly education policy documents developed and issued in China over the last four decades in this study. This study aims to provide a reference for the formulation of education policies for the elderly in China and other countries. The results indicated that the allocation of policy instruments was inconsistent between and within types. It is imperative to issue new programmatic documents, optimize the allocation of policy instruments, and enhance their adaptability, thereby boosting the development of elderly education.

人口老龄化已成为世界上大多数国家面临的社会问题。发展老年教育是应对人口老龄化挑战的重要战略之一。本研究基于政策工具和老年教育类型的二维分析框架,采用内容分析法对中国近四十年来制定和发布的 49 份老年教育政策文件进行了分析。本研究旨在为中国和其他国家制定老年教育政策提供参考。研究结果表明,政策工具在不同类型之间和类型内部的分配并不一致。当务之急是出台新的纲领性文件,优化政策工具的配置,增强政策工具的适应性,从而推动老年教育的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive Optimal Terminal Sliding Mode Control for T-S Fuzzy-Based Nonlinear Systems 基于 T-S 模糊非线性系统的自适应最优终端滑模控制
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7126978
Farzad Soltanian, Amir Parviz Valadbeigi, Jafar Tavoosi, Rahmat Aazami, Mokhtar Shasadeghi, Mohammadamin Shirkhani, Amirreza Azizi

This study utilizes the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model to represent a subset of nonlinear systems and presents an innovative adaptive approach for optimal dynamic terminal sliding mode control (TSMC). The systems under consideration encompass bounded uncertainties in parameters and actuators, as well as susceptibility to external disturbances. Performance evaluation entails the design of an adaptive terminal sliding surface through a two-step process. Initially, a state feedback gain and controller are developed using Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) techniques, grounded on H2-performance and partial eigenstructure assignment. Dynamic sliding gain is subsequently attained via convex optimization, leveraging the derived state feedback gain and the designed terminal sliding mode (TSM) controller. This approach diverges from conventional methods by incorporating control effort and estimating actuator uncertainty bounds, while also addressing sliding surface and TSM controller design intricacies. The TSM controller is redefined into a strict feedback form, rendering it suitable for addressing output-tracking challenges in nonlinear systems. Comparative simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed TSM controller, emphasizing its practical applicability.

本研究利用高木-菅野模糊模型来表示非线性系统的一个子集,并提出了一种创新的动态终端滑模控制(TSMC)自适应方法。所考虑的系统包括参数和执行器中的有界不确定性,以及对外部干扰的敏感性。性能评估需要通过两个步骤设计自适应终端滑动面。首先,利用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术,以 H2- 性能和部分特征结构分配为基础,开发状态反馈增益和控制器。随后,利用推导出的状态反馈增益和设计的终端滑动模式(TSM)控制器,通过凸优化实现动态滑动增益。这种方法与传统方法不同,它结合了控制努力和估算致动器不确定性边界,同时还解决了滑动面和 TSM 控制器设计的复杂性。TSM 控制器被重新定义为严格的反馈形式,使其适用于解决非线性系统中的输出跟踪难题。对比仿真验证了所提出的 TSM 控制器的有效性,强调了它的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Stability Results for a Class of Fractional Itô–Doob Stochastic Integral Equations 一类分数 Itô-Doob 随机积分方程的稳定性结果
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6784122
Omar Kahouli, Ali Aloui, Lassaad Mchiri, Abdellatif Ben Makhlouf

In this paper, we study the Hyers–Ulam stability of Hadamard fractional Itô–Doob stochastic integral equations by using the Banach fixed point method and some mathematical inequalities. Finally, we exhibit three theoretical examples to apply our theory.

本文利用巴拿赫定点法和一些数学不等式研究了 Hadamard 分式 Itô-Doob 随机积分方程的 Hyers-Ulam 稳定性。最后,我们列举了三个理论实例来应用我们的理论。
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引用次数: 0
Machine Learning-Based Multiagent Control for a Bunch of Flexible Robots 基于机器学习的灵活机器人多代理控制
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1330458
Jun Wang, Jiali Zhang, Jafar Tavoosi, Mohammadamin Shirkhani

In this paper, two novel methodologies of employing machine learning (here, the type-2 fuzzy system) are presented to control a multiagent system in which the agents are flexible joint robots. In the previous methods, the static mode controller has been investigated, which has little flexibility and cannot measure all the states of the system, but in the method presented in this paper, we can eliminate these disadvantages. The control signal is consisting of feedback from the output and the estimated states of the system. In the first method, the control signal coefficients are calculated from the linear matrix inequality (LMI), followed by a type-2 fuzzy system that adds the compensation signal to the control signal. In the second method, the type-2 fuzzy system is directly used to estimate the control signal coefficients which do not employ LMI. Both methods have their disadvantages and benefits, so in general, one of these two methods cannot be considered superior. To prove the effectiveness of the two proposed methods, a topology with four robots has been considered. Both proposed methods have been evaluated for controlling the angle and speed of the robot link. Also, another simulation was made without using the fuzzy system to verify the importance of our methods. Simulation results indicate the proper efficiency of proposed methods, especially in presence of uncertainty in the system.

本文提出了两种利用机器学习(这里指 2 型模糊系统)控制多代理系统的新方法,其中代理是灵活的关节机器人。在以往的方法中,我们研究的是静态模式控制器,这种控制器灵活性差,而且无法测量系统的所有状态,但在本文介绍的方法中,我们可以消除这些缺点。控制信号由输出反馈和系统估计状态组成。在第一种方法中,控制信号系数是通过线性矩阵不等式(LMI)计算得出的,然后通过 2 型模糊系统将补偿信号添加到控制信号中。在第二种方法中,不使用线性矩阵不等式,而是直接使用 2 型模糊系统来估计控制信号系数。这两种方法各有利弊,因此一般来说,不能认为这两种方法中的一种更优越。为了证明这两种方法的有效性,我们考虑了一个有四个机器人的拓扑结构。对这两种建议的方法进行了评估,以控制机器人链接的角度和速度。此外,还在不使用模糊系统的情况下进行了另一次模拟,以验证我们方法的重要性。模拟结果表明,特别是在系统存在不确定性的情况下,建议的方法具有适当的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Digital Security Governance under the Objectives of Digital Ecology: A Three-Party Evolutionary Game Approach 数字生态目标下的数字安全治理分析:三方进化博弈法
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8849477
Zhen Tian, Chuchu Jiang, Gangyi Yue

With the rapid development of the digital economy, there has been an explosion in the amount of data generated. Data have become a vital resource for nations, just as tangible assets and human capital are crucial factors of production. Consequently, protecting digital security has become paramount. However, the increasing frequency of various data security incidents in recent years has exposed issues such as inadequate platform governance, lack of government regulation, and incomplete digital security governance (DSG) mechanisms. This study aims to create a healthy and open digital ecosystem and proposes a new digital security governance framework. It subdivides traditional government departments into local governments and the central government. Together with third-party platforms, they are analyzed as participants in an evolutionary game. The study examines the evolutionary stability of strategy choices made by each party and explores the relationship between key factors such as negative externalities, data security incident probabilities, and their impacts on strategy selection using numerical simulations. The research findings indicate the following. (1) Key parameters such as implicit benefits, government subsidies, and negative externalities play a significantly positive role in the development of the digital ecosystem. (2) The central government consistently tends towards emergency response, considering the overall societal perspective, as long as it is capable of bearing the costs. (3) Local governments may exhibit free-riding behavior during the governance process. To address this, it is important to increase the willingness of third-party platforms to govern and oversee the participation of local governments, which is an effective way to prevent data crises. The study also identifies different governance models in various environments: (1) a digital security governance model in a stable market environment, involving increased central government intervention and supervision of local governments’ participation; and (2) a digital security governance model in the event of a data crisis, where the central government establishes subsidies that exceed the governance costs of local governments to enhance the willingness of third-party platforms to govern. Finally, recommendations and strategies are presented to enhance the level of digital security governance.

随着数字经济的快速发展,产生的数据量激增。数据已成为国家的重要资源,就像有形资产和人力资本是重要的生产要素一样。因此,保护数字安全变得至关重要。然而,近年来各种数据安全事件日益频繁,暴露出平台治理不力、政府监管缺失、数字安全治理(DSG)机制不完善等问题。本研究旨在创建一个健康、开放的数字生态系统,并提出了一个新的数字安全治理框架。它将传统政府部门细分为地方政府和中央政府。本研究将传统政府部门细分为地方政府和中央政府,并将它们与第三方平台一起作为进化博弈的参与者进行分析。研究考察了各方策略选择的演化稳定性,并通过数值模拟探讨了负外部性、数据安全事件概率等关键因素之间的关系及其对策略选择的影响。研究结果表明了以下几点。(1)隐性利益、政府补贴和负外部性等关键参数对数字生态系统的发展起着显著的积极作用。(2) 从社会整体角度考虑,只要中央政府有能力承担成本,就会始终倾向于应急响应。(3) 地方政府在治理过程中可能会出现搭便车行为。要解决这一问题,必须提高第三方平台的治理意愿,监督地方政府的参与,这是预防数据危机的有效途径。研究还发现了不同环境下的不同治理模式:(1) 稳定市场环境下的数字安全治理模式,即中央政府加强干预,监督地方政府参与;(2) 发生数据危机时的数字安全治理模式,即中央政府设立补贴,补贴金额超过地方政府的治理成本,以增强第三方平台的治理意愿。最后,提出了提升数字安全治理水平的建议和策略。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Combat Mission Configuration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Maritime Reconnaissance Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm 基于粒子群优化算法的无人机海上侦察作战任务配置研究
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9143774
Peng Dong, Weibing Chen, Kewen Wang, Ke Zhou, Wei Wang

In recent years, in the classic battles and armed conflicts around the world, battlefield environment reconnaissance and the collection and processing of operational information play an increasingly critical role in the victory and defeat of the battlefield. Unmanned equipment, especially UAV equipment, is used by more and more countries in the field of combat reconnaissance. Meanwhile, the types of UAV are gradually diversified with the change of operational requirements. UAVs adapted to different combat environments shine brightly on the battlefield. In terms of naval battle field, due to the limitations and deficiencies of reconnaissance methods such as surface radar, UAVs play a more prominent role in combat reconnaissance. There are more scenarios for UAVs to be used in combat reconnaissance in naval battle field and higher requirements for UAVs’ combat effectiveness. Therefore, this paper takes UAVs’ naval battle reconnaissance missions as the research object. By using PSO as the research method, this paper studies the combat reconnaissance task configuration of UAVs, hoping to contribute to the improvement of UAVs’ combat reconnaissance capability and combat effectiveness.

近年来,在世界范围内的经典战役和武装冲突中,战场环境侦察和作战信息的收集与处理对战场的胜负起着越来越关键的作用。无人装备,尤其是无人机装备,被越来越多的国家应用于作战侦察领域。同时,随着作战需求的变化,无人机的类型也逐渐多样化。适应不同作战环境的无人机在战场上大放异彩。就海战领域而言,由于水面雷达等侦察手段的局限性和不足,无人机在作战侦察中的作用更加突出。无人机在海战场作战侦察中的应用场景更多,对无人机的作战效能要求更高。因此,本文以无人机海战侦察任务为研究对象。本文以PSO为研究方法,对无人机作战侦察任务配置进行研究,希望对提高无人机作战侦察能力和作战效能有所帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Heat Kernel of Networks with Long-Range Interactions 具有远距离交互作用的网络热核
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6745905
Franck Kalala Mutombo, Alice Nanyanzi, Simukai W. Utete

The heat kernel associated with a discrete graph Laplacian is the basic solution to the heat diffusion equation of a strict graph or network. In addition, this kernel represents the heat transfer that occurs over time across the network edges. Its computation involves exponentiating the Laplacian eigensystem with respect to time. In this paper, we expand upon this concept by considering a novel network-theoretic approach developed in recent years, which involves defining the k-path Laplacian operator for networks. Prior studies have adopted the notion of integrating long-range interactions (LRI) in the transmission of “information” across the nodes and edges of the network. Various methods have been employed to consider long-range interactions. We explore here the incorporation of long-range interactions in network analysis through the use of Mellin and Laplace transforms applied to the k-path Laplacian matrix. The contribution of this paper is the computation of the heat kernel associated with the k-path Laplacian, called the generalized heat kernel (GHK), and its employment as the basis for extracting stable and useful novel versions of invariants for graph characterization. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the use of LRI improves the results obtained with classical diffusion methods for networks characterization.

与离散图拉普拉斯相关的热核是严格图或网络热扩散方程的基本解。此外,该核还代表了网络边缘随时间发生的热传递。它的计算涉及将拉普拉卡特征系统与时间相关的指数化。在本文中,我们将对这一概念进行扩展,考虑近年来开发的一种新型网络理论方法,即定义网络的 k 路径拉普拉斯算子。之前的研究采用的概念是,在网络节点和边缘之间的 "信息 "传输中整合长程相互作用(LRI)。考虑长程相互作用的方法多种多样。在此,我们通过对 k 路径拉普拉斯矩阵进行梅林变换和拉普拉斯变换,探索在网络分析中纳入长程相互作用。本文的贡献在于计算了与 k-path 拉普拉斯相关的热核(称为广义热核 (GHK)),并将其作为提取稳定、有用的新版图特征描述不变式的基础。本文介绍的结果表明,使用 LRI 可以改进使用经典扩散方法进行网络表征所获得的结果。
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引用次数: 0
The Mesolevel Economy in Nineteenth-Century England and Wales: Applying Input-Output Accounting and Spatial Interaction Modelling to the Historical Study 十九世纪英格兰和威尔士的中层经济:将投入产出核算和空间互动模型应用于历史研究
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3016105
Guy S. Solomon, Alan G. Wilson

This paper is offered as a contribution to understanding historical trade. The method of input-output modelling is utilised to evaluate the evolution of cities (and their associated regions) in England and Wales between 1851 and 1911. The construction of input-output accounts for each city region is based on “heroic” data assumptions, which enable the construction of a demonstration model illustrating a new iterative approach to historical analysis. In its current application, the model enables estimates to be made of mesolevel trade between cities, which enhances our analysis of urban evolution in this period.

本文旨在为了解历史贸易做出贡献。本文采用投入产出模型的方法来评估英格兰和威尔士的城市(及其相关地区)在 1851 年至 1911 年间的演变情况。每个城市地区投入产出账户的构建都基于 "英勇 "的数据假设,从而能够构建一个示范模型,说明历史分析的新迭代方法。在目前的应用中,该模型可以对城市间的中观贸易进行估算,从而加强我们对这一时期城市演变的分析。
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引用次数: 0
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Complexity
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