Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.142
R. Rosen, Chi-Cung Peng, B. Traw, E. Blevins, Bojana Jovanović, A. Sarshad, Fady Zaki
We have encountered azygiid cercariae shed from the snail, Pleurocera semicarinata, at North Elkhorn Creek, Scott County, Kentucky, since 2004. Samples of these cercariae were frozen, and their DNA analyzed. The resulting alignment total length of 394 base pairs from partial 5.8S and 28S genes and the complete ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) confirmed our identification of the North Elkhorn Creek cercaria as Leuceruthrus micropteri. There was a 100% match to adult L. micropteri obtained from largemouth bass at Wheeler Reservoir, Alabama. Prevalence of infections by L. micropteri in snails was low at North Elkhorn Creek during 2004 (1.8% [7/400]) and 2017 (0.9% [4/432]). Quantitative data were obtained regarding cercarial emergence (daily and long-term patterns), site of infection of rediae, and functional morphology of the distome and tail stem. Most (96.1%) cercariae were released during the 12-hr light phase of a 12-hr light:12-hr dark cycle, and the average number of cercariae released per 7 snails per day over 21 d ranged between 0 and 2.3. Individual snails most frequently shed between 0 and 2 (range 0–6) cercariae per day. Snails shed cercariae for an average of 12.6 ± 3.1 d of the 21-d sampling period. Histology revealed rediae in the bottom whorl of the snail within the perintestinal sinus separated from the mantle cavity and gills by a thin mantle membrane. Envelopment of the distome body by the tail stem in vitro required less than 2 min. The lip of the tail chamber moved forward over the distome body until the latter was completely enclosed.
{"title":"Identification, Location, and Emergence of the Cercaria of Leuceruthrus micropteri (Trematoda: Azygiidae) Recovered from the Snail Pleurocera semicarinata (Gastropoda: Pleuroceridae) at North Elkhorn Creek, Kentucky","authors":"R. Rosen, Chi-Cung Peng, B. Traw, E. Blevins, Bojana Jovanović, A. Sarshad, Fady Zaki","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.142","url":null,"abstract":"We have encountered azygiid cercariae shed from the snail, Pleurocera semicarinata, at North Elkhorn Creek, Scott County, Kentucky, since 2004. Samples of these cercariae were frozen, and their DNA analyzed. The resulting alignment total length of 394 base pairs from partial 5.8S and 28S genes and the complete ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) confirmed our identification of the North Elkhorn Creek cercaria as Leuceruthrus micropteri. There was a 100% match to adult L. micropteri obtained from largemouth bass at Wheeler Reservoir, Alabama. Prevalence of infections by L. micropteri in snails was low at North Elkhorn Creek during 2004 (1.8% [7/400]) and 2017 (0.9% [4/432]). Quantitative data were obtained regarding cercarial emergence (daily and long-term patterns), site of infection of rediae, and functional morphology of the distome and tail stem. Most (96.1%) cercariae were released during the 12-hr light phase of a 12-hr light:12-hr dark cycle, and the average number of cercariae released per 7 snails per day over 21 d ranged between 0 and 2.3. Individual snails most frequently shed between 0 and 2 (range 0–6) cercariae per day. Snails shed cercariae for an average of 12.6 ± 3.1 d of the 21-d sampling period. Histology revealed rediae in the bottom whorl of the snail within the perintestinal sinus separated from the mantle cavity and gills by a thin mantle membrane. Envelopment of the distome body by the tail stem in vitro required less than 2 min. The lip of the tail chamber moved forward over the distome body until the latter was completely enclosed.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49237242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.173
{"title":"MinutesSeven Hundred Nineteenth through Seven Hundred Twentieth Meetings of the Helminthological Society of Washington","authors":"","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.122
Nancy Bárcenas-De Los Santos, G. Torres-Carrera, L. García‐Prieto, D. Osorio-Sarabia
Although information on the fauna of helminths of the shortfin molly Poecilia mexicana in freshwater environments is extensive, to date, there have been no studies on helminths that parasitize this fish in brackish water bodies. To increase the knowledge about the host-parasite association in this kind of habitats, during April 2014, 80 fish specimens of P. mexicana from 2 localities in Veracruz, Mexico, were examined for helminths: Arroyo Moreno (AM) and Laguna Mandinga (LM). Arroyo Moreno is an anthropogenically polluted mangrove swamp, and LM is a saline environment with low marine influence. The helminth species record in both fish populations included 9 taxa: 7 digeneans, 1 cestode, and 1 nematode, with 6,261 individuals, most of them collected in fishes from AM (5,768). In general, a high proportion of allogenic larval stages was observed, which agreed with the pattern observed in helminth fauna of tropic freshwater fish. In addition, these parasite assemblages were dominated by digeneans, worms that generally are numerically dominant in many helminth communities of freshwater fishes in Mexico. The euryhaline nature of P. mexicana establishes it as an adequate system to study the effects of salinity gradients focused on helminth communities.
{"title":"Helminth Fauna of the Shortfin Molly Poecilia mexicana (Actinopterygii) in Two Neotropical Brackish Water Bodies of Mexico","authors":"Nancy Bárcenas-De Los Santos, G. Torres-Carrera, L. García‐Prieto, D. Osorio-Sarabia","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.122","url":null,"abstract":"Although information on the fauna of helminths of the shortfin molly Poecilia mexicana in freshwater environments is extensive, to date, there have been no studies on helminths that parasitize this fish in brackish water bodies. To increase the knowledge about the host-parasite association in this kind of habitats, during April 2014, 80 fish specimens of P. mexicana from 2 localities in Veracruz, Mexico, were examined for helminths: Arroyo Moreno (AM) and Laguna Mandinga (LM). Arroyo Moreno is an anthropogenically polluted mangrove swamp, and LM is a saline environment with low marine influence. The helminth species record in both fish populations included 9 taxa: 7 digeneans, 1 cestode, and 1 nematode, with 6,261 individuals, most of them collected in fishes from AM (5,768). In general, a high proportion of allogenic larval stages was observed, which agreed with the pattern observed in helminth fauna of tropic freshwater fish. In addition, these parasite assemblages were dominated by digeneans, worms that generally are numerically dominant in many helminth communities of freshwater fishes in Mexico. The euryhaline nature of P. mexicana establishes it as an adequate system to study the effects of salinity gradients focused on helminth communities.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42164748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.73
T. L. Herzog, M. Barger
Dieffluvium nidulorum n. sp. is described from smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus, collected from Menard Creek in the Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, U.S.A. The new species is characterized by a scolex with 2 medial acetabula, 4 lateral loculi, and a terminal disc; a uterus that extends far anterior of the cirrus sac in 2 lateral loops; and a very large and muscular external seminal vesicle. Postovarian vitellaria may be present or absent. The new species is a member of the Caryophyllaeidae, and most closely resembles Dieffluvium unipapillatum, Rowardleus pennensis, and some species of Biacetabulum. We amend the genus Dieffluvium to reflect additional information provided by the discovery of the new species, and precisely differentiate its members from other similar taxa.
{"title":"A New Species of Dieffluvium (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea) from Smallmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus) from the Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, U.S.A.","authors":"T. L. Herzog, M. Barger","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Dieffluvium nidulorum n. sp. is described from smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus, collected from Menard Creek in the Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, U.S.A. The new species is characterized by a scolex with 2 medial acetabula, 4 lateral loculi, and a terminal disc; a uterus that extends far anterior of the cirrus sac in 2 lateral loops; and a very large and muscular external seminal vesicle. Postovarian vitellaria may be present or absent. The new species is a member of the Caryophyllaeidae, and most closely resembles Dieffluvium unipapillatum, Rowardleus pennensis, and some species of Biacetabulum. We amend the genus Dieffluvium to reflect additional information provided by the discovery of the new species, and precisely differentiate its members from other similar taxa.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43596071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.164
P. Muzzall, Jan‐Michael Hessenauer
A total of 196 yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Percidae), from 3 locations (100 from Strawberry Light in September 2015, 73 from Clinton River Cutoff in November 2017, and 23 from New Baltimore in November 2017) in Lake St. Clair, Michigan, U.S.A., were examined for the digenetic trematode Phyllodistomum superbumStafford, 1904 (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901). The prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance of P. superbum in yellow perch were highest at Strawberry Light (30%, 1.5, and 0.45, respectively) and lowest at Clinton River Cutoff (7%, 1.2, and 0.08, respectively). The maximum intensity of P. superbum varied from 2 to 5 worms per infected fish. Individuals of P. superbum infected the urinary bladder and ureters of perch. Lake St. Clair is a new locality record for P. superbum.
{"title":"Occurrence of Phyllodistomum superbum Stafford, 1904 (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae), in the Urinary Bladder of Yellow Perch, Perca flavescens, from Lake St. Clair, Michigan, U.S.A.","authors":"P. Muzzall, Jan‐Michael Hessenauer","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.164","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 196 yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Percidae), from 3 locations (100 from Strawberry Light in September 2015, 73 from Clinton River Cutoff in November 2017, and 23 from New Baltimore in November 2017) in Lake St. Clair, Michigan, U.S.A., were examined for the digenetic trematode Phyllodistomum superbumStafford, 1904 (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901). The prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance of P. superbum in yellow perch were highest at Strawberry Light (30%, 1.5, and 0.45, respectively) and lowest at Clinton River Cutoff (7%, 1.2, and 0.08, respectively). The maximum intensity of P. superbum varied from 2 to 5 worms per infected fish. Individuals of P. superbum infected the urinary bladder and ureters of perch. Lake St. Clair is a new locality record for P. superbum.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49399687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.161
R. Matthews, C. Simmons, Tyler L. Brock, E. Bewick, Kaitlin A. Norman, C. Camp
The Appalachian leech Placobdella biannulata is a presumed host generalist for an array of amphibian species. One species commonly parasitized by this leech is the salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus because of its semiaquatic nature and relatively large size. We tested the null hypothesis that this leech species exhibits equal prevalence in large species of Desmognathus with the same level of aquatic tendency. We compared leech prevalence between D. quadramaculatus and sympatric Desmognathus folkertsi, which has the same extent of aquatic tendency. While smaller than D. quadramaculatus, D. folkertsi is still among the largest members of the genus. We found leech parasitism on 38/182 (21%) D. quadramaculatus from 2 different streams. Only 3 D. folkertsi out of 179 (<2%) from the same streams were parasitized. We concluded that the leech P. biannulata is more host specific than previously believed.
{"title":"Host Specificity in the Appalachian Leech Placobdella biannulata","authors":"R. Matthews, C. Simmons, Tyler L. Brock, E. Bewick, Kaitlin A. Norman, C. Camp","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.161","url":null,"abstract":"The Appalachian leech Placobdella biannulata is a presumed host generalist for an array of amphibian species. One species commonly parasitized by this leech is the salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus because of its semiaquatic nature and relatively large size. We tested the null hypothesis that this leech species exhibits equal prevalence in large species of Desmognathus with the same level of aquatic tendency. We compared leech prevalence between D. quadramaculatus and sympatric Desmognathus folkertsi, which has the same extent of aquatic tendency. While smaller than D. quadramaculatus, D. folkertsi is still among the largest members of the genus. We found leech parasitism on 38/182 (21%) D. quadramaculatus from 2 different streams. Only 3 D. folkertsi out of 179 (<2%) from the same streams were parasitized. We concluded that the leech P. biannulata is more host specific than previously believed.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.135
J. Pérez-Flores, O. Lagunas-Calvo, D. González-Solís, A. Oceguera-Figueroa
The genus Linguatula (Pentastomida) is cosmopolitan and includes 6 species that have a higher prevalence in subtropical, tropical, and temperate regions. Larvae (nymphs) of Linguatula spp. require an intermediate host (herbivorous), while the adult worms inhabit the respiratory tract of wild and domestic carnivores. During an ongoing project on conservation biology of Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii), 3 pentastome nymphs were found parasitizing the liver, mesentery, and small intestine of an adult male from the region of Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico. Based on morphological and molecular data, these specimens correspond to Linguatula recurvata. Here, we present the first record of a linguatulid parasitizing a Tapirus sp., and only the second of a pentastomid in tapirs. In addition, this work includes for the first time sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I of L. recurvata.
{"title":"First Molecular Characterization of Linguatula recurvata (Pentastomida) and First Record in Baird's Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) from Calakmul, Mexico","authors":"J. Pérez-Flores, O. Lagunas-Calvo, D. González-Solís, A. Oceguera-Figueroa","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.135","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Linguatula (Pentastomida) is cosmopolitan and includes 6 species that have a higher prevalence in subtropical, tropical, and temperate regions. Larvae (nymphs) of Linguatula spp. require an intermediate host (herbivorous), while the adult worms inhabit the respiratory tract of wild and domestic carnivores. During an ongoing project on conservation biology of Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii), 3 pentastome nymphs were found parasitizing the liver, mesentery, and small intestine of an adult male from the region of Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico. Based on morphological and molecular data, these specimens correspond to Linguatula recurvata. Here, we present the first record of a linguatulid parasitizing a Tapirus sp., and only the second of a pentastomid in tapirs. In addition, this work includes for the first time sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I of L. recurvata.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47244558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.108
F. Reyda, Cheyenne P. Pommelle, Margaret L Doolin
The first report of Asian fish tapeworm (AFT), Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) Brabec, Waeschenbach, Scholz, Littlewood and Kuchta, 2015, is provided for New York State. This finding resulted from a long-term fish parasite survey in various water bodies in Otsego County in central-east New York that took place during 2008–2018. In total, 1,637 individual fish representing 44 species were examined for AFT, with 4 (9%) of the 44 species of fish infected with S. acheilognathi. These 4 species were all cyprinids: Notemigonus crysoleucas (golden shiner), Notropis heterodon (blackchin shiner), Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), and Semotilus atromaculatus (creek chub). Among these host species, the prevalence of Schyzocotyle acheilognathi was highest in Notemigonus crysoleucas, with 19 (15.7%) of 121 fishes infected. The infection in Notropis heterodon constitutes a new host record for S. acheilognathi. The observed occurrence of S. acheilognathi only in cyprinid species was generally consistent with previously reported infection patterns for this cestode, but we note that AFT was absent from multiple fish species in our survey that had elsewhere been reported as hosts. The source of AFT for water bodies in Otsego County, New York is unknown, but bait-bucket introduction of infected Notemigonus crysoleucas is considered a possible explanation. This study contributes to a growing body of molecular data for this highly invasive tapeworm by providing sequence data for 2 markers (large ribosomal subunit, 28S, and cytochrome c oxidase I) for 6 specimens.
{"title":"Asian Fish Tapeworm (Schyzocotyle acheilognathi) Found in New York State for the First Time After a Long-Term Fish-Parasite Survey","authors":"F. Reyda, Cheyenne P. Pommelle, Margaret L Doolin","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.108","url":null,"abstract":"The first report of Asian fish tapeworm (AFT), Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) Brabec, Waeschenbach, Scholz, Littlewood and Kuchta, 2015, is provided for New York State. This finding resulted from a long-term fish parasite survey in various water bodies in Otsego County in central-east New York that took place during 2008–2018. In total, 1,637 individual fish representing 44 species were examined for AFT, with 4 (9%) of the 44 species of fish infected with S. acheilognathi. These 4 species were all cyprinids: Notemigonus crysoleucas (golden shiner), Notropis heterodon (blackchin shiner), Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), and Semotilus atromaculatus (creek chub). Among these host species, the prevalence of Schyzocotyle acheilognathi was highest in Notemigonus crysoleucas, with 19 (15.7%) of 121 fishes infected. The infection in Notropis heterodon constitutes a new host record for S. acheilognathi. The observed occurrence of S. acheilognathi only in cyprinid species was generally consistent with previously reported infection patterns for this cestode, but we note that AFT was absent from multiple fish species in our survey that had elsewhere been reported as hosts. The source of AFT for water bodies in Otsego County, New York is unknown, but bait-bucket introduction of infected Notemigonus crysoleucas is considered a possible explanation. This study contributes to a growing body of molecular data for this highly invasive tapeworm by providing sequence data for 2 markers (large ribosomal subunit, 28S, and cytochrome c oxidase I) for 6 specimens.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43821626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.94
Nicholas Strait, Candace E. Ashworth, M. Zimmermann
Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) have two male morphotypes, α- and β-males, each differing in appearance and mating strategy. Alpha-males use nest-building tactics, whereas β-males use sneaker or satellite tactics. Lepomis macrochirus are important members of the aquatic community, and are often involved in parasitic life cycles. Among the most common parasites infecting L. macrochirus are strigeids, which include white grub (Posthodiplostomum minimum), black grub (Uvulifer ambloplitis), and yellow grub (Clinostomum marginatum). Previous studies found a higher abundance of strigeid parasites in α-males, even though β-males spend increased time in the littoral zone. One hypothesis is that α-males recruit the parasites during the spawn because of their nest-guarding behavior, which potentially increases their interactions with snail intermediate hosts. To test this hypothesis, L. macrochirus were collected between February and July in consecutive years from 2015 to 2017 from 13 lakes and ponds in northwestern Virginia. The fish were necropsied and all of the endo- and ectoparasites infecting the fish were identified and enumerated. The results supported the hypothesis and showed that α-males had greater infections postspawn, whereas β-males and females had no increase in infection from pre- to postspawn. Additionally, α-males recruited strigeid parasites at a greater rate than β-males, which negatively affected their body condition. The body condition of both α-males and females were negatively affected by P. minimum and U. ambloplitis, but β-males were not affected by either parasite. This shows that the differences in mating strategies between male morphotypes may result in greater strigeid infection in α-males compared with β-males. This may affect the fitness and reproductive output of α-males and be a contributing factor to the maintenance of β-males in the ecologically stable system, despite decreased reproductive success.
{"title":"Potential Role of Strigeid Parasite Infection in the Maintenance of Alternate Reproductive Morphotypes in Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)","authors":"Nicholas Strait, Candace E. Ashworth, M. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.2.94","url":null,"abstract":"Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) have two male morphotypes, α- and β-males, each differing in appearance and mating strategy. Alpha-males use nest-building tactics, whereas β-males use sneaker or satellite tactics. Lepomis macrochirus are important members of the aquatic community, and are often involved in parasitic life cycles. Among the most common parasites infecting L. macrochirus are strigeids, which include white grub (Posthodiplostomum minimum), black grub (Uvulifer ambloplitis), and yellow grub (Clinostomum marginatum). Previous studies found a higher abundance of strigeid parasites in α-males, even though β-males spend increased time in the littoral zone. One hypothesis is that α-males recruit the parasites during the spawn because of their nest-guarding behavior, which potentially increases their interactions with snail intermediate hosts. To test this hypothesis, L. macrochirus were collected between February and July in consecutive years from 2015 to 2017 from 13 lakes and ponds in northwestern Virginia. The fish were necropsied and all of the endo- and ectoparasites infecting the fish were identified and enumerated. The results supported the hypothesis and showed that α-males had greater infections postspawn, whereas β-males and females had no increase in infection from pre- to postspawn. Additionally, α-males recruited strigeid parasites at a greater rate than β-males, which negatively affected their body condition. The body condition of both α-males and females were negatively affected by P. minimum and U. ambloplitis, but β-males were not affected by either parasite. This shows that the differences in mating strategies between male morphotypes may result in greater strigeid infection in α-males compared with β-males. This may affect the fitness and reproductive output of α-males and be a contributing factor to the maintenance of β-males in the ecologically stable system, despite decreased reproductive success.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48418643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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