Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology最新文献

RETRACTION: W. Xue, S. Men, and R. Liu, " Rotenone Restrains the Proliferation, Motility and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition of Colon Cancer Cells and the Tumourigenesis in Nude Mice via PI3K/AKT Pathway," Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 47, no. 8 (2020): 1484–1494. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.13320.

The above article, published online on 13 April 2020, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Prof. Yang Yang; and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. A third party informed the publisher that images in Figures 3D, 6A, 6D and 7A were duplicated from other articles by different author groups, some of which were used in a different scientific context. The report also detailed duplicated images within this article between Figures 2A, 4C, and 5C. Additional investigation by the journal also detected duplications of images between figures 1H and 2E and between Figures 4E and 6F. The authors did not respond to an inquiry by the publisher regarding these concerns. The retraction has been agreed to because the evidence of image duplication across different articles, each of which describe different experimental conditions, as well as image duplication within the article, fundamentally compromises the editors' confidence in the conclusions presented. The authors did not respond to our notice regarding the retraction.

This article investigates the intricate associations between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene alleles variation, insulin resistance (IR) and amyloid-β aggregation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. A cohort of 250 patients exhibiting the symptoms of CVD and 50 control subjects participated in this study. After applying the stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, the diseased group was further stratified into three categories: CVD+ (Alzheimer's disease) AD, CVD + (diabetes mellitus) DM and CVD + DM + AD. Blood samples were collected from all recruited participants for the biochemical analyses of lipid profile, glycaemic status, liver function enzymes, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Tetra amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was employed for APOE gene analysis. Biochemical evaluations revealed the significant elevations in the serum levels of glucose, liver enzymes, interleukin-6 (IL-6), cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in CVD + DM + AD group. Conversely, the serum levels of insulin, HDL and hexokinase decreased in CVD + DM + AD group compared to the controls and other CVD groups. Tetra ARMS-PCR results indicated a higher percentage of the risk allele in CVD + DM + AD group when compared with the other groups. Our study elucidates the multifaceted cardiovascular risk factors contributing to IR and AD in CVD patients. Age-related risk factors, prevalence of APOE risk alleles and the impact of statin use on AD incidences were identified. These findings underscore the need for tailored preventive measures, particularly in APOEε4 and ε3/ε4 carriers with CVD. Further studies should delve into the knowledge-based protocols to comprehend the underlying mechanisms. Focusing on the therapeutic targets to prevent or delay DM and AD progression in CVDs, especially in APOEε4 carriers, is essential.

RETRACTION: G. Mo, Y. He, X. Zhang, X. Lei and Q. Luo, “ Diosmetin Exerts Cardioprotective Effect on Myocardial Ischaemia Injury in Neonatal Rats by Decreasing Oxidative Stress and Myocardial Apoptosis,” Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 47, no. 10 (2020): 1713–1722, https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.13309.

The above article, published online on 27 March 2020 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Yang Yang; and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Following publication, the authors notified the journal of significant issues affecting the validity and integrity of their findings. They acknowledged that several data points for oxidative stress markers and myocardial apoptosis levels were inconsistent with the original laboratory records. Following our own analysis, further concerns were identified. Specifically, the actin bands shown in the western blot in Figure 1D and the P65, p-P65, and p-AKT bands in Figure 5A were found to be duplicated in other articles. The authors did not respond to our requests for comments on these additional issues. The editors have deemed the results and conclusions of this article invalid.

This study investigated the disability status of middle-aged and older adults in Anhui Province, China, with a primary focus on physical disability, and constructed a nomogram to predict disability risk. Data was collected through a province-wide questionnaire survey conducted in 16 cities and counties from January to December 2021, involving 3386 participants aged 60 years and above. The abilities of daily living (ADL) scale assessed participants' comprehensive ability. Risk factors for disability were identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression, highlighting six independent factors: age, poor sleep quality, depression, malnutrition, stroke, and the number of comorbid chronic diseases. A nomogram prediction model was then established and validated internally and externally. The model demonstrated good fit according to the Hosmer–Lemeshow test and provided significant benefits across various thresholds, as shown by decision curve analysis. This nomogram accurately and quickly identifies high-risk groups, aiding in early intervention.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a condition characterized by inflammation and ulcer formation in the colon and rectum due to genetic and environmental factors. It is a common condition, with a global prevalence rate exceeding 0.3%. Current treatments have limited efficacy and can cause unwanted side effects, leading to a high recurrence rate and reduced quality of life for patients. This study suggests that Bacillus clausii has a beneficial role in reducing intestinal inflammation and relieving colitis symptoms in mice. The study aimed to examine B. clausii's potential to reduce the progression and pathogenesis of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)–induced UC. Bacillus clausii was administered to mice as a pre-treatment, post-treatment and adjunct treatment with sulfasalazine for 14 days. The study found that B. clausii effectively reduced the severity of colitis in mice when used preventatively. Administering B. clausii after the onset of colitis also effectively alleviated symptoms. Combining B. clausii with standard sulfasalazine as adjunct therapy was more effective in reducing intestinal inflammation than using a single therapy alone. B. clausii has shown the potential to prevent colon damage and decrease the likelihood and severity of the disease. Immunohistochemistry results revealed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α and NFkB in colon tissue. Additionally, mice that received B. clausii showed a significant increase in anti-oxidant levels and improved haematological markers. In conclusion, it must be emphasized that B. clausii possesses the potential to alleviate the symptoms of UC.

Evodiamine is a biologically active alkaloid extracted from the fruit of the traditional Chinese medicine Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. (Fructus Evodiae, Wuzhuyu). However, due to its lipophilic chemical structure, low water solubility results in poor bio-availability, which limits its broader application. 3-Amino-10-hydroxyl-evodiamine (E2) was a water-soluble derivative of evodiamine with good anti-tumour bioactivity previously developed by our team; however, its anti-osteoporosis activity remains unclear. This study demonstrates that E2 inhibits the maturation of osteoclasts and bone resorption promoted by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Mechanistically, E2 reduced RANKL-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, causing the suppression of the expression of genes associated with osteoclasts in vitro. These genes included nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin k (CTSK) and dendritic cell–specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). Treatment with E2 in vitro resulted in the attenuation of p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p38 and NFATc1 levels. Furthermore, ovariectomized (OVX) mice treated with E2 showed a decrease in osteoclast formation as well as preservation of bone mass. This study concludes with evidence that E2 decreases osteoclast maturation and bone resorption through the regulation of multiple signalling pathways, thereby exhibiting an osteoprotective role in OVX mice. Consequently, E2 exhibits significant potential as a prospective drug candidate for treating osteoporosis.