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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering最新文献

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Characterization modeling of wake vortex circulation decay under reasonable worst case conditions with cuckoo search algorithm 利用布谷鸟搜索算法建立合理最坏情况下的尾流涡旋环流衰减特性模型
Ridvan Oruc, T. Baklacioglu, Ozlem Sahin
Wake vortex (WV) produced by a large aircraft has the potential to cause serious damage to smaller aircraft following it. In this context, characterization of WV circulation decay under the reasonable worst case (RWC) conditions allows the separation minima to be found safely. In this study, modeling of dimensionless decay curves, which were developed using three experimental LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) datasets in the RECAT-EU project and is a useful tool to characterize the wake vortex circulation decay under RWC conditions, was carried out using cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). The decay curves used in the modeling are the median (P50), 10th (P10), and 90th (P90) percentile decay curves of the RWC tracks, which constitute the top 2% longest lasting wakes. The fact that the correlation coefficient (R) values are very close to 1 for all datasets as a result of the error analysis shows that the prediction success of the CSA model is quite high.
大型飞机产生的尾流涡旋(WV)有可能对尾随其后的小型飞机造成严重损害。在这种情况下,在合理的最坏情况(RWC)条件下对 WV 环流衰减进行表征,可以安全地找到分离最小值。在本研究中,使用布谷鸟搜索算法(CSA)对无量纲衰减曲线进行了建模。无量纲衰减曲线是利用 RECAT-EU 项目中的三个激光雷达(光探测和测距)实验数据集开发的,是描述 RWC 条件下尾涡环流衰减特征的有用工具。建模中使用的衰减曲线是 RWC 轨道的中位数(P50)、第 10 百分位数(P10)和第 90 百分位数(P90)衰减曲线,它们构成了持续时间最长的前 2% 纬流。误差分析结果表明,所有数据集的相关系数 (R) 值都非常接近 1,这表明 CSA 模型的预测成功率相当高。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetry of oblique shock train and flow control 斜向冲击系和流量控制的不对称性
Zhigang Zhang, Chuan Cheng, Lantian Zhang, Yuhang Li, Longsheng Xue, Chengpeng Wang, Keming Cheng
An oblique shock train generally forms an asymmetric structure in a Mach-2.7 flow field within a duct. To study the flow structure and interaction between oblique shock trains and upstream shocks, a ramp with equal width was installed inside a Mach-2.7 straight duct to generate an incident shock and an oblique shock train interaction. A Schlieren system, transient pressure measurements and particle image velocimetry were used to capture quantitative and qualitative shock structure information. Results show that the asymmetric separation deflection of the oblique shock train occurs randomly in the symmetrical straight duct. The separation deflection of the oblique shock train was steady with upstream shock interactions. Under backpressure conditions, the rate of movement of the oblique shock train increases rapidly when it passes through the separation regions generated by the ramp, and the deflection direction of the asymmetric separation may switch. Based on the characteristics of the oblique shock train and upstream shock interaction, a flow control method was used to generate asymmetric upstream flow conditions, providing active control of the oblique shock train deflection direction.
在管道内马赫数为 2.7 的流场中,斜冲击系一般会形成非对称结构。为了研究流动结构以及斜向冲击列和上游冲击之间的相互作用,在马赫数为 2.7 的直管道内安装了一个等宽斜面,以产生入射冲击和斜向冲击列相互作用。利用 Schlieren 系统、瞬态压力测量和粒子图像测速仪来捕捉定量和定性的冲击结构信息。结果表明,在对称的直管道中,斜冲击列的非对称分离偏转是随机发生的。在上游冲击相互作用下,斜向冲击列的分离偏转是稳定的。在背压条件下,当斜向冲击列通过斜坡产生的分离区域时,其运动速率会迅速增加,非对称分离的偏转方向可能会发生转换。根据斜向冲击列和上游冲击相互作用的特点,采用了一种流量控制方法来产生非对称的上游流动条件,从而对斜向冲击列的偏转方向进行主动控制。
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引用次数: 0
Thermal buckling in multi-directional porous plates: The effects of material grading and aspect ratio 多向多孔板的热屈曲:材料分级和长宽比的影响
L. Hadji, Royal Madan, Fabrice Bernard
In the present study, a trigonometric shear deformation plate theory was employed to perform a thermal buckling analysis of multi-directional functionally graded (FG) plates. During the manufacturing of the multi-directional graded plate, the formation of pores is abounded. Hence, the effect of porosity on the buckling performance was investigated by considering the variation of porosity in the plate for power law gradation variation of material properties. The adverse effect of porosity on the material properties was taken into account by employing the rule of mixture relation. Finite element results show that the thermal expansion coefficient is unaffected by the presence of porosity. For simply supported boundary conditions, the non-linear governing equations are solved for different thermal loads such as uniform, linear, and non-linear. A parametric study was performed in which the effect of grading parameters, aspect ratio, and side-to-thickness ratio under variable temperature change was studies. Critical material grading indices for multi-directional plates have been identified that help researchers and industry personnel in fabrication planning.
本研究采用三角剪切变形板理论对多向功能分级(FG)板进行热屈曲分析。在多向分级板的制造过程中,孔隙的形成比比皆是。因此,通过考虑材料特性幂律梯度变化时板材中孔隙率的变化,研究了孔隙率对屈曲性能的影响。孔隙率对材料性能的不利影响是通过采用混合关系规则来考虑的。有限元结果表明,热膨胀系数不受孔隙率的影响。在简单支撑边界条件下,对不同的热负荷(如均匀、线性和非线性)求解了非线性控制方程。进行了一项参数研究,研究了在温度变化下级配参数、长宽比和边厚比的影响。确定了多方向板材的关键材料分级指数,有助于研究人员和工业人员进行制造规划。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetry of oblique shock train and flow control 斜向冲击系和流量控制的不对称性
Zhigang Zhang, Chuan Cheng, Lantian Zhang, Yuhang Li, Longsheng Xue, Chengpeng Wang, Keming Cheng
An oblique shock train generally forms an asymmetric structure in a Mach-2.7 flow field within a duct. To study the flow structure and interaction between oblique shock trains and upstream shocks, a ramp with equal width was installed inside a Mach-2.7 straight duct to generate an incident shock and an oblique shock train interaction. A Schlieren system, transient pressure measurements and particle image velocimetry were used to capture quantitative and qualitative shock structure information. Results show that the asymmetric separation deflection of the oblique shock train occurs randomly in the symmetrical straight duct. The separation deflection of the oblique shock train was steady with upstream shock interactions. Under backpressure conditions, the rate of movement of the oblique shock train increases rapidly when it passes through the separation regions generated by the ramp, and the deflection direction of the asymmetric separation may switch. Based on the characteristics of the oblique shock train and upstream shock interaction, a flow control method was used to generate asymmetric upstream flow conditions, providing active control of the oblique shock train deflection direction.
在管道内马赫数为 2.7 的流场中,斜冲击系一般会形成非对称结构。为了研究流动结构以及斜向冲击列和上游冲击之间的相互作用,在马赫数为 2.7 的直管道内安装了一个等宽斜面,以产生入射冲击和斜向冲击列相互作用。利用 Schlieren 系统、瞬态压力测量和粒子图像测速仪来捕捉定量和定性的冲击结构信息。结果表明,在对称的直管道中,斜冲击列的非对称分离偏转是随机发生的。在上游冲击相互作用下,斜向冲击列的分离偏转是稳定的。在背压条件下,当斜向冲击列通过斜坡产生的分离区域时,其运动速率会迅速增加,非对称分离的偏转方向可能会发生转换。根据斜向冲击列和上游冲击相互作用的特点,采用了一种流量控制方法来产生非对称的上游流动条件,从而对斜向冲击列的偏转方向进行主动控制。
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引用次数: 0
Thermal buckling in multi-directional porous plates: The effects of material grading and aspect ratio 多向多孔板的热屈曲:材料分级和长宽比的影响
L. Hadji, Royal Madan, Fabrice Bernard
In the present study, a trigonometric shear deformation plate theory was employed to perform a thermal buckling analysis of multi-directional functionally graded (FG) plates. During the manufacturing of the multi-directional graded plate, the formation of pores is abounded. Hence, the effect of porosity on the buckling performance was investigated by considering the variation of porosity in the plate for power law gradation variation of material properties. The adverse effect of porosity on the material properties was taken into account by employing the rule of mixture relation. Finite element results show that the thermal expansion coefficient is unaffected by the presence of porosity. For simply supported boundary conditions, the non-linear governing equations are solved for different thermal loads such as uniform, linear, and non-linear. A parametric study was performed in which the effect of grading parameters, aspect ratio, and side-to-thickness ratio under variable temperature change was studies. Critical material grading indices for multi-directional plates have been identified that help researchers and industry personnel in fabrication planning.
本研究采用三角剪切变形板理论对多向功能分级(FG)板进行热屈曲分析。在多向分级板的制造过程中,孔隙的形成比比皆是。因此,通过考虑材料特性幂律梯度变化时板材中孔隙率的变化,研究了孔隙率对屈曲性能的影响。孔隙率对材料性能的不利影响是通过采用混合关系规则来考虑的。有限元结果表明,热膨胀系数不受孔隙率的影响。在简单支撑边界条件下,对不同的热负荷(如均匀、线性和非线性)求解了非线性控制方程。进行了一项参数研究,研究了在温度变化下级配参数、长宽比和边厚比的影响。确定了多方向板材的关键材料分级指数,有助于研究人员和工业人员进行制造规划。
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引用次数: 0
Segmented guidance method for multi-UAVs cooperative attack with spatio-temporal constraints 具有时空约束条件的多无人机协同攻击的分段制导方法
Yujie Wang, Zhongnan Tang, Hongbo Xin, Qing-yang Chen, Xianzhong Gao, Xiaolong Deng
This paper presents a segmented guidance method for multi-UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) cooperative attack with spatio-temporal constraints, and successfully implemented in the flight tests. First, the uniform distribution of UAVs around the target is completed through cooperative path planning and tracking in the mid-course phase. The path planning method for cooperative arrival is proposed based on Dubins curve, and the guidance strategy for circular formation flight enables the UAVs to accurately track the reference points which are evenly distributed on the circle. Second, the terminal guidance law in 3D space with impact time cooperation is proposed during the cooperative attack stage, which would further eliminate the accumulated deviation. Finally, simulations and field flight tests for coordinated attack are carried out, which show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
本文提出了一种具有时空约束条件的多无人机(UAV)协同攻击分段制导方法,并在飞行试验中成功实现。首先,通过中途阶段的合作路径规划和跟踪,完成无人机在目标周围的均匀分布。提出了基于杜宾斯曲线的协同到达路径规划方法,圆周编队飞行的制导策略使无人机能够精确跟踪圆周上均匀分布的参考点。其次,在协同攻击阶段提出了三维空间冲击时间协同的终端制导法,进一步消除了累积偏差。最后,对协同攻击进行了仿真和实地飞行测试,证明了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Segmented guidance method for multi-UAVs cooperative attack with spatio-temporal constraints 具有时空约束条件的多无人机协同攻击的分段制导方法
Yujie Wang, Zhongnan Tang, Hongbo Xin, Qing-yang Chen, Xianzhong Gao, Xiaolong Deng
This paper presents a segmented guidance method for multi-UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) cooperative attack with spatio-temporal constraints, and successfully implemented in the flight tests. First, the uniform distribution of UAVs around the target is completed through cooperative path planning and tracking in the mid-course phase. The path planning method for cooperative arrival is proposed based on Dubins curve, and the guidance strategy for circular formation flight enables the UAVs to accurately track the reference points which are evenly distributed on the circle. Second, the terminal guidance law in 3D space with impact time cooperation is proposed during the cooperative attack stage, which would further eliminate the accumulated deviation. Finally, simulations and field flight tests for coordinated attack are carried out, which show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
本文提出了一种具有时空约束条件的多无人机(UAV)协同攻击分段制导方法,并在飞行试验中成功实现。首先,通过中途阶段的合作路径规划和跟踪,完成无人机在目标周围的均匀分布。提出了基于杜宾斯曲线的协同到达路径规划方法,圆周编队飞行的制导策略使无人机能够精确跟踪圆周上均匀分布的参考点。其次,在协同攻击阶段提出了三维空间冲击时间协同的终端制导法,进一步消除了累积偏差。最后,对协同攻击进行了仿真和实地飞行测试,证明了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Non-uniform flow characteristics and rotating instability of a transonic high-pressure compressor rotor with cavity bleed 带空腔放气的跨音速高压压缩机转子的非均匀流动特性和旋转不稳定性
Chen Xu, Shaowen Chen, Yun Gong
The presence of bleed in an aero engine’s compressor can significantly impact its flow characteristics and contribute to rotating instability. This study focuses on the impact of a typical cavity bleed structure on the internal flow characteristics of a compressor, specifically its circumferential non-uniformity and aerodynamic stability. A numerical simulation involving multiple flow passages was conducted on the transonic high-pressure rotor of the E3 compressor, considering its typical bleed structure. The study delves deep into the non-uniform flow characteristics and the mechanisms behind their generation in the compressor flow field. Furthermore, the influence of bleed on the rotating instability of the compressor is explored by comparing changes in compressor instability and adiabatic efficiency under uniform and non-uniform flow field conditions. The findings indicate that the axial position of the cavity bleed structure plays a crucial role in influencing key parameters such as rotor stall margin, peak efficiency, and total pressure ratio under near-stall conditions. The circumferential non-uniformity, resulting from the presence of the cavity bleed, intensifies with higher bleed air flow rates. For the upstream bleed configuration applied to the rotor, with a total bleed rate of 5%, the maximum variation in absolute flow angle at the inlet of different rotor channels can reach up to 1°. Additionally, the maximum difference in inlet flow coefficient can reach 0.0392. These findings demonstrate that the non-uniformity caused by the typical bleed structure leads to a loss in stall margin for the rotor when compared to a uniform flow field scheme.
航空发动机压气机中存在的排气会严重影响其流动特性,并导致旋转不稳定。本研究的重点是典型空腔渗流结构对压气机内部流动特性的影响,特别是其圆周不均匀性和气动稳定性。考虑到 E3 压缩机的典型放气结构,对其跨音速高压转子进行了涉及多个流动通道的数值模拟。该研究深入探讨了压缩机流场中的非均匀流动特性及其产生机制。此外,通过比较均匀和非均匀流场条件下压缩机不稳定性和绝热效率的变化,探讨了放气对压缩机旋转不稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,空腔放气结构的轴向位置对转子失速裕度、峰值效率和近失速条件下的总压比等关键参数起着至关重要的影响作用。空腔排气导致的圆周不均匀性随着排气流量的增加而加剧。对于转子的上游排气配置,总排气率为 5%,不同转子通道入口处绝对流角的最大变化可达 1°。此外,入口流量系数的最大差异可达 0.0392。这些发现表明,与均匀流场方案相比,典型放气结构造成的不均匀性会导致转子失速裕度的损失。
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引用次数: 0
A general parametric finite element modeling and stress response analysis methods for pipeline system using the nonconforming solid element 使用不符合实体元素的管道系统通用参数有限元建模和应力响应分析方法
Wenhao Ji, Wei-hua Sun, Hong‐lei Ma, Yu Zhang, Xin Wang
In the dynamic topology optimization design of pipeline system, parametric finite element modeling (PFEM) is needed to improve the model reconstruction efficiency. Taking a typical spatial single pipeline as the research object, this paper innovatively presents a PFEM method of pipeline system based on the newly constructed nonconforming solid (Solid-NC) element. The stiffness and mass matrices of the spatial 8-node Solid-NC element with second-order boundary accuracy are obtained by introducing the node-free displacement items and statics condensation method. The PFEM method of the pipeline body is proposed by selecting the straight-line segment lengths as the pipeline shape control parameters. The PFEM method of the pipeline is described in detail, including the node coordinate solutions of straight-line and curved arc segments based on the direction vector method and vector decomposition method, respectively, and the simulation of the clamp mechanical properties considering the actual pre-tightening state of the clamp. Furthermore, the modal analysis is carried out, the node stress response solution is solved based on the stress smoothing method, and the effectiveness of the PFEM method is verified through experiment. Finally, the mesh quality and model reconstruction efficiency of the PFEM method is analyzed, the results show that the developed PFEM method has higher mesh quality and fast model reconstruction speed, and the model reconstruction time is shortened by 544.5 times at most compared with ANSYS software.
在管道系统动态拓扑优化设计中,需要采用参数化有限元建模(PFEM)来提高模型重构效率。本文以典型的空间单根管道为研究对象,创新性地提出了一种基于全新构建的不符合实体(Solid-NC)元素的管道系统 PFEM 方法。通过引入无节点位移项和静力凝聚法,得到了具有二阶边界精度的空间 8 节点 Solid-NC 单元的刚度和质量矩阵。通过选择直线段长度作为管道形状控制参数,提出了管道本体的 PFEM 方法。详细介绍了管道的 PFEM 方法,包括分别基于方向矢量法和矢量分解法的直线段和弯曲弧段的节点坐标求解,以及考虑夹钳实际预紧状态的夹钳力学性能模拟。此外,还进行了模态分析,基于应力平滑法求解了节点应力响应解,并通过实验验证了 PFEM 方法的有效性。最后,分析了 PFEM 方法的网格质量和模型重构效率,结果表明所开发的 PFEM 方法具有更高的网格质量和更快的模型重构速度,与 ANSYS 软件相比,模型重构时间最多缩短了 544.5 倍。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive control law based integrated guidance and control design for missile with the radome error compensation 基于自适应控制律的导弹雷达罩误差补偿综合制导与控制设计
Jianguo Guo, Yinghe Zhou, Min Zhou
This paper presents an integrated guidance and control design for the homing missiles with the radome error compensation to address the guidance problems caused by radome. Firstly, a mathematics model of the integrated guidance and control system with the compensation for the radome error is built by integrating the missile dynamics and the engagement kinematics between the missile and ground target on the longitudinal motion. Secondly, the model is transformed into a normal form by nonlinear coordinate transformation because the system is a time-varying system with mismatched uncertainties. Thirdly, an adaptive control law of the system is designed by adopting the sliding mode control theory, and the stability of the closed-loop system is also conducted. Finally, the simulation proves that the proposed integrated guidance and control scheme can effectively compensate for the radome error and ensure the hit-to-kill attack to the target.
本文针对雷达罩引起的制导问题,提出了一种带雷达罩误差补偿的寻的导弹综合制导与控制设计。首先,通过整合导弹动力学和导弹与地面目标在纵向运动上的啮合运动学,建立了带雷达罩误差补偿的综合制导与控制系统数学模型。其次,由于系统是一个具有不匹配不确定性的时变系统,因此通过非线性坐标变换将模型转换为正常形式。第三,采用滑模控制理论设计了系统的自适应控制规律,并对闭环系统的稳定性进行了检验。最后,仿真证明所提出的综合制导与控制方案能有效补偿雷达罩误差,确保对目标的命中摧毁攻击。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
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