Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.1177/09544100231219910
Zikang Su, Mou Chen, Jia Chen, Honglun Wang
Aiming at the drogue docking control problem in aerial recovery, this paper proposes a performance event-triggered control algorithm based on disturbance observer to stabilize the flexibly towed aerial recovery drogue subject to the unknown airflows, cable towing tensions, limited computation capacity, and actuating power resources with guaranteed transient performance. Firstly, the control-oriented 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) affine nonlinear dynamics of the flexible cable-towed drogue are formulated. Then, the event-triggered extended state observers (ETESO) are established for the trajectory and attitude subsystems by utilizing intermittently measured state, to accurately estimate the lumped disturbances caused by the unmeasurable cable tension and unknown airflow disturbance while reducing the computation cost from the sensor to the observer. Moreover, to constrain the trajectory tracking error within the guaranteed transient performance constraint with any small overshoot, an ETESO-based event-triggered control algorithm for drogue was established to ensure the specified transient performance; finally, the closed-loop stability is discussed using Lyapunov analysis. The simulation results confirmed that this method can not only constrain the drogue within the expected small error range but also effectively reduce computational costs and resource occupation, with the best control effect.
{"title":"Event-triggered anti-disturbance control for aerial recovery drogue stabilization with guaranteed transient performance constraints","authors":"Zikang Su, Mou Chen, Jia Chen, Honglun Wang","doi":"10.1177/09544100231219910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544100231219910","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the drogue docking control problem in aerial recovery, this paper proposes a performance event-triggered control algorithm based on disturbance observer to stabilize the flexibly towed aerial recovery drogue subject to the unknown airflows, cable towing tensions, limited computation capacity, and actuating power resources with guaranteed transient performance. Firstly, the control-oriented 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) affine nonlinear dynamics of the flexible cable-towed drogue are formulated. Then, the event-triggered extended state observers (ETESO) are established for the trajectory and attitude subsystems by utilizing intermittently measured state, to accurately estimate the lumped disturbances caused by the unmeasurable cable tension and unknown airflow disturbance while reducing the computation cost from the sensor to the observer. Moreover, to constrain the trajectory tracking error within the guaranteed transient performance constraint with any small overshoot, an ETESO-based event-triggered control algorithm for drogue was established to ensure the specified transient performance; finally, the closed-loop stability is discussed using Lyapunov analysis. The simulation results confirmed that this method can not only constrain the drogue within the expected small error range but also effectively reduce computational costs and resource occupation, with the best control effect.","PeriodicalId":506990,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering","volume":"87 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.1177/09544100231219945
Zhirong Zhong, Heng Jiang, Hongfu Zuo
Array-type electrostatic monitoring is gradually becoming an effective tool for aero-engine fault diagnosis. In this paper, we innovatively apply the surrogate optimization method to the optimization of the sensor array structure in order to meet the need of improving the particle information recognition capability of the electrostatic sensor array (ESA). A structure optimization method of ESA based on the Kriging surrogate model and improved NSGA-II algorithm is proposed. In this paper, a finite element simulation model of ESA is established, and the array optimization problem is abstracted as the solution of a mixed-integer optimization problem. This paper reduces the large-scale numerical simulations in the full-variable space with the help of the Kriging surrogate model. In addition, an improved NSGA-II algorithm for mixed-integer optimization is proposed. The simulation experiment verified that the average absolute error of the sensor before and after optimization for the identification of particle position and charge quantity was reduced by 69.88% and 49.68%, respectively. The array structure optimization method proposed in this paper facilitates the acceleration of the design process of electrostatic sensors and provides a scientific design method for their specific design for airborne application.
{"title":"An optimization method of electrostatic sensor array based on Kriging surrogate model and improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy algorithm","authors":"Zhirong Zhong, Heng Jiang, Hongfu Zuo","doi":"10.1177/09544100231219945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544100231219945","url":null,"abstract":"Array-type electrostatic monitoring is gradually becoming an effective tool for aero-engine fault diagnosis. In this paper, we innovatively apply the surrogate optimization method to the optimization of the sensor array structure in order to meet the need of improving the particle information recognition capability of the electrostatic sensor array (ESA). A structure optimization method of ESA based on the Kriging surrogate model and improved NSGA-II algorithm is proposed. In this paper, a finite element simulation model of ESA is established, and the array optimization problem is abstracted as the solution of a mixed-integer optimization problem. This paper reduces the large-scale numerical simulations in the full-variable space with the help of the Kriging surrogate model. In addition, an improved NSGA-II algorithm for mixed-integer optimization is proposed. The simulation experiment verified that the average absolute error of the sensor before and after optimization for the identification of particle position and charge quantity was reduced by 69.88% and 49.68%, respectively. The array structure optimization method proposed in this paper facilitates the acceleration of the design process of electrostatic sensors and provides a scientific design method for their specific design for airborne application.","PeriodicalId":506990,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139184308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1177/09544100231218467
Weiyu Lu, Qiulin Deng, Yanmei Jiao
This study presents a new concept of self-driven pulsed jet flow control on a compressor stator blade. This passive unsteady flow control method has the advantage that neither external flow nor electrical source is needed. This study’s preliminary proof-of-concept study on a low-speed compressor stator blade is performed using numerical simulation. When the pulsed jet frequency is 100 Hz, the optimum control performance and control efficiency are reached, and the total pressure loss coefficient is reduced by 8.9%. As the valve’s rotational speed increases, the pulsed jet’s momentum coefficient decreases gradually. The analysis of the unsteady characteristics of the self-driven pulsed jet shows that the jet velocity is close to a periodic square wave signal, and the typical reduced jet velocity ranges from approximately 0.15 to 0.8. Moreover, the time-averaged driving torque on the valve depends on the rotational speed and is relevant to the self-starting and self-driven characteristics of this passive flow control method. Under different bearing resistance torque, the self-driven valve behaves differently in three cases that can self-start and be self-driven, cannot self-start but can be self-driven, and cannot self-start nor be self-driven.
{"title":"Proof of concept study on a self-driven pulsed jet on a compressor stator blade by numerical simulation","authors":"Weiyu Lu, Qiulin Deng, Yanmei Jiao","doi":"10.1177/09544100231218467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544100231218467","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a new concept of self-driven pulsed jet flow control on a compressor stator blade. This passive unsteady flow control method has the advantage that neither external flow nor electrical source is needed. This study’s preliminary proof-of-concept study on a low-speed compressor stator blade is performed using numerical simulation. When the pulsed jet frequency is 100 Hz, the optimum control performance and control efficiency are reached, and the total pressure loss coefficient is reduced by 8.9%. As the valve’s rotational speed increases, the pulsed jet’s momentum coefficient decreases gradually. The analysis of the unsteady characteristics of the self-driven pulsed jet shows that the jet velocity is close to a periodic square wave signal, and the typical reduced jet velocity ranges from approximately 0.15 to 0.8. Moreover, the time-averaged driving torque on the valve depends on the rotational speed and is relevant to the self-starting and self-driven characteristics of this passive flow control method. Under different bearing resistance torque, the self-driven valve behaves differently in three cases that can self-start and be self-driven, cannot self-start but can be self-driven, and cannot self-start nor be self-driven.","PeriodicalId":506990,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.1177/09544100231218747
Yihua Cao, Yihao Qin, Maosheng Wang
Insight into the interference effects of the nacelle position can be used to provide some guidance for achieving better aircraft performance in the preliminary design of modern civil aircraft. This paper investigates the through-flow nacelle position effects on aircraft aerodynamic characteristics and nacelle intake performances through numerical simulation. The Common Research Model with different nacelle-pylon installation positions is analyzed and all the five nacelle installation parameters, including spanwise position, penetration, gully depth, pitch angle, and toe angle, are systematically studied. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons between different configurations are conducted and the sensitivity of drag, lift distribution, total pressure recovery, and airflow distortion to nacelle position is obtained. The mechanism of interference effects is also explored. These derived insights can provide some guidance for determining the nacelle position and reduce the cost of subsequent wind tunnel test.
{"title":"Numerical study on interference effects of the nacelle position on aerodynamic characteristics and nacelle intake performances","authors":"Yihua Cao, Yihao Qin, Maosheng Wang","doi":"10.1177/09544100231218747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544100231218747","url":null,"abstract":"Insight into the interference effects of the nacelle position can be used to provide some guidance for achieving better aircraft performance in the preliminary design of modern civil aircraft. This paper investigates the through-flow nacelle position effects on aircraft aerodynamic characteristics and nacelle intake performances through numerical simulation. The Common Research Model with different nacelle-pylon installation positions is analyzed and all the five nacelle installation parameters, including spanwise position, penetration, gully depth, pitch angle, and toe angle, are systematically studied. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons between different configurations are conducted and the sensitivity of drag, lift distribution, total pressure recovery, and airflow distortion to nacelle position is obtained. The mechanism of interference effects is also explored. These derived insights can provide some guidance for determining the nacelle position and reduce the cost of subsequent wind tunnel test.","PeriodicalId":506990,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1177/09544100231218748
Shuang Sun, Zhen Huang, Jinhui Kang, Xiaopeng Sun, Boyu Kuang, Lehan Lu
In a high-altitude cruising state, boundary layer separation exists in high-lift low-pressure turbines, and inflow conditions corresponding to different blade designs can directly affect the working efficiency of low-pressure turbines. In particular, the reduced frequency of wake and free-stream turbulence intensity in an inlet flow can greatly influence boundary layer separation and transition development. In this paper, the influence of different inflow turbulence intensities and reduced wake frequencies on the development of suction surface boundary layers in high-lift low-pressure turbines under the influence of upstream wakes is studied by numerical simulations and experiments. Due to the combination of inflow free-stream turbulence intensity and reduced wake frequency, many inflow conditions can be chosen in the design process, and the unsteady influence of upstream wakes complicates the boundary layer flow. In this paper, an RBF (radial basis function)-GA (genetic algorithm) machine learning method is used to explore the optimal inlet conditions corresponding to the minimum profile loss of the Pak-B profile. The search region of the free-stream turbulence intensity is 2%–4%, and the reduced frequency of the wake is changed by changing the flow coefficient, whose variation range is 0.7–1.3. It is found that the RBF-GA machine learning method can attain an inflow condition with a lower profile loss while using the same amount of computation and effort.
{"title":"Study of the influence of multiple factors on the boundary layer of a high-lift LPT with the RBF-GA method","authors":"Shuang Sun, Zhen Huang, Jinhui Kang, Xiaopeng Sun, Boyu Kuang, Lehan Lu","doi":"10.1177/09544100231218748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544100231218748","url":null,"abstract":"In a high-altitude cruising state, boundary layer separation exists in high-lift low-pressure turbines, and inflow conditions corresponding to different blade designs can directly affect the working efficiency of low-pressure turbines. In particular, the reduced frequency of wake and free-stream turbulence intensity in an inlet flow can greatly influence boundary layer separation and transition development. In this paper, the influence of different inflow turbulence intensities and reduced wake frequencies on the development of suction surface boundary layers in high-lift low-pressure turbines under the influence of upstream wakes is studied by numerical simulations and experiments. Due to the combination of inflow free-stream turbulence intensity and reduced wake frequency, many inflow conditions can be chosen in the design process, and the unsteady influence of upstream wakes complicates the boundary layer flow. In this paper, an RBF (radial basis function)-GA (genetic algorithm) machine learning method is used to explore the optimal inlet conditions corresponding to the minimum profile loss of the Pak-B profile. The search region of the free-stream turbulence intensity is 2%–4%, and the reduced frequency of the wake is changed by changing the flow coefficient, whose variation range is 0.7–1.3. It is found that the RBF-GA machine learning method can attain an inflow condition with a lower profile loss while using the same amount of computation and effort.","PeriodicalId":506990,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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